Lesson23Birdflight鳥的飛行方法Whatarethetwomaintypesofbirdflightdescribedbytheauthor?Notwosortsofbirdspractisequitethesamesortofflight;thevarietiesareinfinite;buttwoclassesmayberoughlyseen.AnyshithatcrossesthePacificisaccompaniedformanydaysbythesmalleralbatross,Whichmaykeepcompanywiththevessel1foranhourwithoutvisibleormorethanoccasionalmovementofwing.Thecurrentsofairthatthewallsoftheshipdirectupwards2,aswellasinthelineofitscourse,areenoughtogivethegreatbirdwithitsimmensewingssufficientsustenance3andprogress.Thealbatrossisthekingofthegliders5,theclassofflierswhichharnesstheairtotheirpurpose,butmustyieldtoitsopposition6.Inthecontraryschool,theduckissupreme7.Itcomesnearertotheengineswithwhichmanhas'conquered'theair,asheboasts.Duck,andlikethemthepigeons,areendowedwithsuch-likemuscles,thatareagoodpartoftheweightofthebird,andthesewillply8theshortwingswithsuchirresistible9powerthattheycanboreforlongdistancesthroughanopposinggale10beforeexhaustion11follows.Theirhumblerfollowers12,suchaspartridges,havealikepowerofstrongpropulsion,butsoontire.Youmaypickthemupinutterexhaustion,ifwindovertheseahasdriventhemtoalongjourney.Theswallowsharesthevirtues13ofbothschoolsinhighestmeasure.Ittiresnot,nordoesitboastofitspower;butbelongstotheair,travellingitmaybesixthousandmilestoandfromitsnorthernnestinghome,feedingitsflownyoungasitflies,andslippingthroughwenolongertakeomens15fromtheirflightonthissideandthat;andeventhemostsuperstitious16villagersnolongertakeofftheirhatstothemagpie17andwishitgood-morning.WILLIAMBEACHTHOMASACountryman'sCreed18Newwordsandexpressions生詞和短語albatrossn.信天翁sustenancen.支撐力glider4n.滑翔者harnessv.利用endowv.賦有plyv.不斷地供給galen.大風partridgen.鷓鴣likeadj.類似的propulsionn.推進力utteradj.完全的slipv.滑行adverse19adj.逆的，相反的omen14n.預(yù)兆參考譯文沒有任何兩種鳥的飛行方式是相同的。鳥的飛行方式千差萬別，但大體上可分為兩類。任何一艘橫度太平洋的輪船都會有一種小信天翁伴隨飛行許多天。它們隨船飛行一小時也難得見其扇動一下翅膀。沿船體的上升的氣流和沿航線向前的氣流給這種巨翼大鳥以足夠的浮力和推力。信天翁是滑翔飛行的鳥類之王，它能自如地駕馭空氣，但必須順氣流飛行。與滑翔鳥相對的另一類鳥中，數(shù)野鴨本領(lǐng)最高。它更近乎于人類自夸的“征服”了空氣的發(fā)動機。野鴨及它們相似的鴿子有天賦的鋼鐵般的肌肉，占了體重的很大一部分。這些肌肉以巨大的力量扇動短小的翅膀，使這類鳥能頂著大風飛行很遠的路才會疲勞。次于野鴨和鴿子的鳥，如鷓鴣，有相似的巨大推動力，但很快會疲勞。如果海風驅(qū)使它們飛行很長距離，你可以撿到一些因筋疲力盡而摔下來的鷓鴣。燕子充分兼有這兩類鳥的長處，它既不疲勞，也不炫耀自己的飛翔力；在空中十分自如，可以飛行6，000英里，可以飛往北方做窩的老家，再從老家飛回；一邊飛一邊喂養(yǎng)會飛的雛燕，甚至在頂風時也能在氣流中滑翔，似乎氣流在幫它前進。這些鳥對我們是有益的，雖然我們不再從它們的飛翔姿態(tài)來占卜吉兇，連最迷信的村民也不再對喜鵲脫帽行禮，祝它早安了。新概念英語正版圖書購買點擊收聽單詞發(fā)音

1vessel

n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，導管，血管參考例句：ThevesselisfullyloadedwithcargoforShanghai.這艘船滿載貨物駛往上海。Youshouldputthewaterintoavessel.你應(yīng)該把水裝入容器中。2upwards

adv.向上，在更高處...以上參考例句：Thetrendofpricesisstillupwards.物價的趨向是仍在上漲。Thesmokerosestraightupwards.煙一直向上升。3sustenance

n.食物，糧食；生活資料；生計參考例句：Wederiveoursustenancefromtheland.我們從土地獲取食物。Theurbanhomelessareoftenindesperateneedofsustenance.城市里無家可歸的人極其需要食物來維持生命。4glider

n.滑翔機；滑翔導彈參考例句：Thegliderwassoaringabovethevalley.那架滑翔機在山谷上空滑翔。Thepilotmanagedtolandtheglideronasafeplace.那個駕駛員設(shè)法讓滑翔機著陸到一個安全的地方。5gliders

n.滑翔機(glider的名詞復數(shù))參考例句：Thealbatrossisthekingofgliders.信天翁是滑翔鳥類之王。來自《用法詞典》Forthreesummers,maybestedandimprovedtheirgliders.他們花了三個夏天不斷地測試、改進。來自英漢非文學-科學史6opposition

n.反對，敵對參考例句：Thepartyleaderisfacingoppositioninhisownbackyard.該黨領(lǐng)袖在自己的黨內(nèi)遇到了反對。Thepolicetriedtobreakdowntheprisoner'sopposition.警察設(shè)法制住了那個囚犯的反抗。7supreme

adj.極度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的參考例句：Itwasthesuprememomentinhislife.那是他一生中最重要的時刻。Hehandeduptheindictmenttothesupremecourt.他把起訴書送交最高法院。8ply

v.(搬運工等)等候顧客，彎曲參考例句：Taxislicensedtoplyforhireattherailwaystation.許可計程車在火車站候客。FerryboatsplyacrosstheEnglishChannel.渡船定期往返于英吉利海峽。9irresistible

adj.非常誘人的，無法拒絕的，無法抗拒的參考例句：Thewheelofhistoryrollsforwardwithanirresistibleforce.歷史車輪滾滾向前，勢不可擋。Shesawanirresistibleskirtinthestorewindow.她看見商店的櫥窗里有一條叫人著迷的裙子。10gale

n.大風，強風，一陣鬧聲（尤指笑聲等）參考例句：Wegotourroofblownoffinthegalelastnight.昨夜的大風把我們的房頂給掀掉了。Accordingtotheweatherforecast,therewillbeagaletomorrow.據(jù)氣象臺預(yù)報，明天有大風。11exhaustion

n.耗盡枯竭，疲憊，筋疲力盡，竭盡，詳盡無遺的論述參考例句：Shesleptthesleepofexhaustion.她因疲勞而酣睡。Hisexhaustionwasobviouswhenhefellasleepstanding.他站著睡著了，顯然是太累了。12followers

追隨者(follower的名詞復數(shù))；用戶；契據(jù)的附面；從動件參考例句：thefollowersofMahatmaGandhi圣雄甘地的擁護者Thereformersoongatheredabandoffollowersroundhim.改革者很快就獲得一群追隨者支持他。13virtues

美德(virtue的名詞復數(shù))；德行；優(yōu)點；長處參考例句：Doctorsoftenextolthevirtuesofeatinglessfat.醫(yī)生常常宣揚少吃脂肪的好處。Shedeliveredahomilyonthevirtuesoffamilylife.她進行了一場家庭生活美德方面的說教。14omen

n.征兆，預(yù)兆；vt.預(yù)示參考例句：Thesuperstitiousregarditasabadomen.迷信的人認為那是一種惡兆。Couldthisatlastbeagoodomenforpeace?這是否終于可以視作和平的吉兆了？15omens

n.前兆，預(yù)兆(omen的名詞復數(shù))參考例句：Theomensforthegamearestillnotpropitious.這場比賽仍不被看好。來自辭典例句Suchomensbetidenogood.這種征兆預(yù)示情況不妙。來自辭典例句16superstitious

adj.迷信的參考例句：Theyaimtodeliverthepeoplewhoareinbondagetosuperstitiousbelief.他們的目的在于解脫那些受迷信束縛的人。Thesesuperstitiouspracticesshouldbeabolishedassoonaspossible.這些迷信做法應(yīng)盡早取消。17magpie

n.喜歡收藏物品的人，喜鵲，饒舌者參考例句：Nowandthenamagpiewouldcall.不時有喜鵲的叫聲。Thisyoungmanisreallyamagpie.這個年輕人真是饒舌。18creed

n.信條；信念，綱領(lǐng)參考例句：Th