Unit4LifeonMarsHowdoyoulike…?=Whatdoyouthinkof…?e.g.Howdoyoulikemynewlook?你認為我的新造型怎么樣？辨析：fast,quick和rapid1)fast既可用作形容詞又可用作副詞,主要表示人或物體本身的速度快,如汽車開得快、人走得快、時間過得快等。2)quick常用作形容詞,主要表示反應快、動作敏捷。3)rapid是正式用語,只用作形容詞,語氣較強,常用于表示抽象意義的“快速的”,如價格漲得快、社會變革快等。3.句型Itishopedthat…表示“……可以指望”，指說話者希望如此。4.ata/thespeedof的意思是“以……的速度”。5.intheformof的意思是“以……的形式”。6.ThegravityonMarsisonlyaboutthreeeightsofthatontheearth.火星上的重力大約只有地球上的八分之三。在表示分數(shù)時,分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞。分子如果大于1,分母須用復數(shù)形式。分子、分母之間有無連字符均可。如:1/43/7在做比較時，我們常用that/those指代句中類者相同的那一部分。通常that用于指代可數(shù)名詞數(shù)或者不可數(shù)名詞，those用于指代可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。此句中的that指代前面的gravity。parewith…意思是“與……做比較”。在句中是過去分詞短語作狀語,此時with和to可通用。connect…to…表示“把……和……連接起來”。feelike想要；感覺好像feellikesth/doingsth/（that）+從句去太空旅行travelintospace你認為…怎么樣?Howdoyoulike…?我原以為Ithought…得到我的食物gettomyfood少一些的重力lessgravity沒有污染nopollutionLifeonMarswouldbeinterestingaswellaschallenging.火星上的生活不僅有挑戰(zhàn)性而且很有趣。短語aswellas的意思是“不但……而且，既……又”。注意這一短語在翻譯成中文時，應先aswellas后面的內(nèi)容，再翻譯前面的。如:Theyvisitedthemuseumaswellasthezoo.他們不但參觀了動物園,還參觀了博物館。簡單句和復合句的轉(zhuǎn)換我們可以用介詞短語把狀語從句轉(zhuǎn)換成簡單句，我們可以用介詞把賓語從句和定語從句轉(zhuǎn)換成簡單句AUsingadverbialclausesorsimplesentencesWecanrewritesomeadverbialclausesinsimplesentenceswithattheageof,becauseofandwithout.轉(zhuǎn)換時要注意時態(tài)和意思的一致性和準確性。NeilArmstrongreceivedhisstudentpilot’slicenceWhenhewas16.NeilArmstrongreceivedhisstudentpilot’slicenceattheageof16.Peoplemightfloatinspacebecausethegravityisslow.Peoplemightfloatinspacebecauseofthelowgravity.Humanscannotsurviveifthereisnofood,wateroroxygen.Humanscannotsurvivewithoutfood,wateroroxygen.BUsingobjectclausesorsimplesentencesWecanrewritesomeobjectclausesinsimplesentenceswithprepositionslikeofandabout.常用的一些動詞和介詞的搭配有：remindsomebodyof…使某人想起……Besure/certainabout…對……確信ThesmellofthepillsremindsthemthatfoodontheEarthistasty.ThesmellofthepillsremindsthemofthetastyfoodontheEarth.Aretheysurethatspacetravelwillbeveryfast?Aretheysureaboutthefastspeedofspacetravel?CWecanrewritesomedefiningrelativeclausesinsimplesentenceswithprepositionslikewithandin.Peoplemightliveinhouseswhichhavehugefortablerooms.Peoplemightliveinhouseswithhugefortablerooms.OnMarsyoumightseepeoplewhowearspecialboots.OnMarsyoumightseepeopleinspecialboots.同步練習一、單項填空1.—Whatcausedtheaccident,sir?—Thecarwastravelling________highspeed.A.on B.at C.by D.with【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——什么導致了這場車禍，先生？——這輛車是以急速行駛的?？疾榻樵~辨析。on在上面；at以（某種速度、價格等）；by通過；with隨著?！癮thighspeed”是固定表達，意為“高速，急速”。故選B。2.—Jessie,where’reyougoingthissummerholiday?—Yunnan.Theweatherisfinewithtemperaturesinthe________.A.twenty B.twenty’s C.twenties D.twentieth【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：——杰希，這個暑假你要去哪里？——云南。天氣很好，溫度在二十幾度?？疾榛鶖?shù)詞用法。根據(jù)“Theweatherisfinewithtemperaturesinthe...”可知，此處考查溫度的表達，介詞短語inthetwenties“二十幾度”，基數(shù)詞用復數(shù)形式表示虛指。故選C。3.StudentsshouldattendLabourCourses________theycanlearnsomelifeskills.A.if B.unless C.sothat D.inorderto【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：學生應該參加勞動課程，以便學習一些生活技能?？疾閺膶龠B詞辨析。if如果；unless除非；sothat以便，后跟句子；inorderto為了，后跟動詞短語。根據(jù)“StudentsshouldattendLabourCourses...theycanlearnsomelifeskills.”可知，此處指以便學習一些生活技能，后面是一個完整的句子。故選C。4.Trytobethemasterofyourlife.Lifeisahorseand________yourideit________itridesyou.A.either,or B.neither,nor C.both,and D.notonly,butalso【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：努力成為你生活的主人。生活是一匹馬，要么你騎著它，要么它騎著你?？疾檫B詞辨析。either...or要么……要么；neither...nor既不……也不；both...and兩者都；notonly...butalso不但……而且。根據(jù)“yourideit...itridesyou”可知是要么你騎著它，要么是它騎著你。故選A。5.—HaveyouwatchedChinainClassicsonCCTV1recently?—Yes.ItbringsChineseancientbooks________onscreen.A.live B.alive C.living D.lively【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——你最近看過《典籍里的中國》嗎？——是的。他使得中國古代典籍在屏幕上“活”起來。考查詞義辨析。live生活，現(xiàn)場直播；alive活的，常做表語；living活的，常做定語；lively生機勃勃的。bing...alive“使……復活”。故選B。6.—________greatsurprisetoseeyouhere,Daniel!—Yeah.Wehaven’tseeneachotherforquitealongtime.A.Whata B.What C.Howa D.How【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——丹尼爾，在這里見到你真是一個驚喜！——是的。我們好久沒見面了?？疾楦袊@句。根據(jù)“...greatsurprisetoseeyouhere,Daniel!”可知，句子為感嘆句，句子的中心詞為surprise，可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，且great是以輔音音素開頭，所以對應感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)為What+a+形容詞+名詞+主+謂！故選A。7.Lifeoften________tobestrangerthanweexpect.Weshouldbepreparedfortheworst.A.worksout B.breaksout C.turnsout D.runsout【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：生活往往比我們預想的要陌生。我們應該做好最壞的打算?？疾閯釉~短語。worksout解決；breaksout爆發(fā)；turnsout結(jié)果是；runsout用完。根據(jù)“Lifeoften...tobestrangerthanweexpect”可知生活結(jié)果會比預想的要陌生。故選C。8.—WeplantedlotsoftreesonTreePlantingDay.—That’squitemeaningful.Ifmoretrees________,we’llhaveagreenerworld.A.plant B.areplanted C.willplant D.willbeplanted【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——我們在植樹節(jié)種了很多樹?！@很有意義。如果種更多的樹，我們將有一個更綠色的世界。考查被動語態(tài)。分析語境可知，主語和動詞plant之間是被動關系，if引導的條件狀語從句，遵循主將從現(xiàn)原則，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，所以此處應用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，故選B。9.—China’sC919aircraft________over1,000ordersfromhomeandabroad.—Great!MoreC919aircraftwillbeinusesoon.A.hasreceived B.willreceive C.receives D.received【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——中國的C919飛機收到超過一千個來自國內(nèi)外的訂單。——真棒！更多C919飛機將很快被使用。

考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)“Great!MoreC919aircraftwillbeinusesoon.”可知上文1000個訂單已經(jīng)完成，用現(xiàn)在完成時。故選A。10.—Ihaven’tdecided________.—Wehopeyoucanjoinus.Itisachancetolearnhistory.A.ifIwilljointheReadingClub B.thatIwilljointheReadingClubC.whenwillIvisitNanjingMuseum D.whetherIwillvisitNanjingMuseum【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：——我還沒有決定是否要參觀南京博物館?！覀兿Ｍ憧梢约尤胛覀?。這是一次學習歷史的機會?？疾橘e語從句。空格處處在“decided”的后面，可知是賓語從句。賓語從句用陳述句的語序，排除C；根據(jù)“haven’tdecided”可知，此處引導詞應用帶有疑問的詞，故排除B；根據(jù)“l(fā)earnhistory.”可知與南京博物館有關。故選D。11.—Helenseemstobeinabettershape.—That’strue.Sheistryingtoeatahealthierdiet,with________meatandsugar.A.few B.fewer C.little D.less【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：——海倫的身體似乎好多了。——確實如此。她正在努力吃更健康的飲食，少吃肉和糖?？疾楸容^級。few很少的，修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)；fewer更少的，few的比較級；little很少的，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；less較少的，little的比較級。根據(jù)句中的“Sheistryingtoeatahealthierdiet”可知，此處要用比較級，又因“meatandsugar”為不可數(shù)名詞，所以應用比較級less作定語。故選D。12.Thesentence“Themurdererwasafatman,withasquareface,aboutsixfeettall,…”describesaperson’s________.A.weight B.height C.appearance D.personality【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：句子“兇手是一個胖子，方臉，大約六英尺高，……”描述的是一個人的外貌?？疾槊~辨析。weight體重；height身高；appearance外貌；personality性格。根據(jù)“afatman,withasquareface,aboutsixfeettall”可知，這些是對一個人的外貌進行描寫。故選C。13.Whichsentenceisthemostsuitablefortheblankinthetextontheright?________ShegoescyclingtwiceaweekandoftengoesmountainclimbingonSundays.ShelearnsbaseballonSaturdays,andnowsheplaysitverywell.A.Annlikessportsverymuch. B.Ann’sfavouritesportiscycling.C.Annisagoodmountainclimber. D.Anndoeswellinplayingbaseball.【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：下列哪個句子放在空白處最合適？安非常喜歡運動。她一周騎兩次車，并經(jīng)常在周日爬山，她在周六學習棒球，現(xiàn)在她打的很好。

考查句子理解。Annlikessportsverymuch安非常喜歡運動；Ann’sfavouritesportiscycling安最喜歡的運動是騎自行車；Annisagoodmountainclimber安是一個很好的登山者；Anndoeswellinplayingbaseball安棒球打得很好?？崭窈笾v的與運動相關，提到的運動包括騎車，爬山，打棒球?？崭裉幾鳛榭偲鹁渥討偨Y(jié)后文，結(jié)合選項可知A符合。故選A。14.—Mom,youlooksotired.I’llwashthedishes.—________.Thankyou,Jack.A.Ifyouprefer B.Italldepends C.Ifyoudon’tcare D.Itcouldn’tbebetter【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：——媽媽，你看起來這么累，我來洗碗吧?！窃俸貌贿^了。謝謝你，杰克。考查情景交際。Ifyouprefer如果你更喜歡；Italldepends那要看情況；Ifyoudon’tcare如果你不在意；Itcouldn’tbebetter那再好不過了。根據(jù)“Thankyou,Jack.”可知是接受了幫忙，結(jié)合選項可知D符合。故選D。15.—Goodevening,sir.WhatcanIdoforyou?Wehavesomespecialnoodleshere.—Mm,letmelookatthemenu.________A.Iwantabowlofbeefnoodleswithoneegg.B.I’dlikeabowlofbeefnoodleswithoneegg,please.C.Canyoubringmeabowlofbeefnoodleswithoneegg?D.Willyoubringmeabowlofbeefnoodleswithoneegg?【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——晚上好，先生。我能為你做什么？我們這里有一些特色面條?！?，讓我看看菜單。我想要一碗牛肉面和一個雞蛋?？疾榍榫敖浑H。根據(jù)“WhatcanIdoforyou?Wehavesomespecialnoodleshere.”可知，情景是在餐館點菜，所以選項B“我想要一碗牛肉面和一個雞蛋?！狈险Z境。故選B。二、完形填空MasaruIbuka,thechairmanofSony,wasonceatapanyplanningmeeting.Suddenlyhehadagreatidea.He____16____themeetingandaskedeveryonewhatwouldhappenifSonysoldheadphoneswithatapeplayer.Almosteveryonethoughthewascrazy.Still,Ibukakeptthinkingabouthisideaandworkedat____17____it.Theresult,ofcourse,wasthesuccessfulSonyWalkman.Goodideasoftenstartwithareally____18____question.BillBowermanwasmakingbreakfastoneday.Ashestoodtheremakingwaffles(華夫餅)forhisson,hewonderedwhatwouldhappenifhepouredrubber(橡膠)intohiswafflepan.Later,hetrieditandtheresultlooked____19____likethebottomoftoday’ssportsshoes.Still,whenhetookthisideatoseveralfamousshoepanies,hewassimplylaughedat.Infact,everysinglepanyturnedhimdown.____20____hewasrefused,Bowermandidn’tgiveupandwentontostarthisownpany,makingNIKEathleticshoes.Sometimesgoodideasgrowoutoffailure.WhenFredSmithwasa____21____atYaleUniversity,hehadsomepaperworkthatheneededtodeliver(投遞)acrossthecountrythenextday.Smithwasamazedtofindoutthatovernightdeliverywasimpossible.Hesatforalongwhilewondering____22____.Hedecidedtodesignanovernightmailserviceandturneditintoaclassproject.HisprofessorgavehimonlyaCforhisefforts.____23____,Smithkeptonworkingandfinallyturnedhisideasintooneofthefirstandmostsuccessfulovernightmailservicesintheworld—FedEx.Weknowtoday,ofcourse,thateachoftheseideas____24____anunbelievablesuccessfulproductorservice.Thebestquestionsareusuallyopenendedandareoftensilly.Childrenaren’tafraidtoasksuchquestions,but_____25_____usuallyare.Thinkhowdifferenttheworldmightbeifpeopleneverasked“silly”questions!16.A.continued B.began C.stopped D.finished17.A.introducing B.improving C.remending D.explaining18.A.silly B.creative C.simple D.difficult19.A.anything B.everything C.nothing D.something20.A.When B.Because C.Until D.Though21.A.teacher B.student C.librarian D.worker22.A.when B.where C.what D.why23.A.Moreover B.Instead C.However D.Otherwise24.A.ledto B.startedfrom C.camewith D.carriedout25.A.adults B.parents C.managers D.professors【答案】16.C17.B18.A19.D20.D21.B22.D23.C24.A25.A【解析】【導語】本文通過三個人的例子來論述“瘋狂的想法有時候有助于偉大的發(fā)明”。【16題詳解】句意：他停下會議并詢問大家如果索尼出售帶有錄音機的耳機會發(fā)生什么。continued繼續(xù)；began開始；stopped停止；finished完成。根據(jù)“He...themeetingandaskedeveryonewhatwouldhappenifSonysoldheadphoneswithatapeplayer.”可知，在詢問所有人問題之前，應是先停下會議進程。故選C。【17題詳解】句意：盡管如此，伊布卡還是一直在思考他的想法，并努力改進它。introducing介紹；improving改進；remending推薦；explaining解釋。根據(jù)“Theresult,ofcourse,wasthesuccessfulSonyWalkman.”可知，結(jié)果是成功的，伊布卡成功做出了索尼隨身聽，可推測空處是在不斷改進。故選B?！?8題詳解】句意：好的想法往往從一個非常愚蠢的問題開始。silly愚蠢的；creative有創(chuàng)造性的；simple簡單的；difficult困難的。根據(jù)“Still,whenhetookthisideatoseveralfamousshoepanies,hewassimplylaughedat.”可知，當鮑爾曼把他的想法傳遞給幾個著名的鞋子公司時，他被嘲笑了，可推測是想法聽起來愚蠢才會被嘲笑。故選A?！?9題詳解】句意：后來，他試了一下，結(jié)果看起來有點像今天的運動鞋的底部。anything任何東西；everything所有東西；nothing沒有東西；something某個東西。根據(jù)“l(fā)ikethebottomoftoday’ssportsshoes”可知，此處表達的是像今天的運動鞋的底部的某樣東西，強調(diào)個體，且用于肯定句，用something。故選D?！?0題詳解】句意：盡管他被拒絕了，但是鮑爾曼沒有放棄，并繼續(xù)創(chuàng)辦了自己的公司，生產(chǎn)耐克運動鞋。When當……時候；Because因為；Until直到……為止；Though盡管。根據(jù)“hewasrefus