2024年湖南省長沙一中高考英語適應(yīng)性試卷（二）

一、閱讀理解：本大題共15小題，共37.5分。

A

IrishWritersCentreNovelFair2024

TheNovelFairisanannualcompetitioninitiatedbytheIrishWritersCentre(IWC).DescribedbyTheIrish

Timesas"ADragons*CaveforwritersH,eachyeartheFairaimstointroduceup-and-comingwriterstotop

publishersandliteraryagents.

ThePrize

Thetwelvewinnerswillhavetheopportunitytopresentthesummaryoftheirnovelsdirectlytoindustry

professionals.LeadingpublishersandagentswillbeinvitedbytheIWCtomeetthesewritersinpersonorthrougha

seriesofonlinemeetings.Togetfullypreparedforthemeetingwithpublishersandagents,thewinnerswill

receiveaplaceinaworkshoponnHowtoPromoteYourNovel",twoweeksinadvance.Also,applicantswhoare

longlisted(初選)butdonotmakeittotheshortlistoftwelvewillhavetheirworksevaluatedandcriticizedbythe

judgingpanel.

HowtoEnter

Entryfeeforapplicationis￡55(MembersofIWCcanenterforadiscountedfeeof￡45).Thiscompetitiononly

acceptsmanuscripts(原稿)fornovels.Applicantsarerequiredtosendasummarywithin300wordsandupto

fivechaptersoftheirnovels,whichshouldbe10,000words(+/-10%).Manuscriptsshouldbesubmitted

online.Thereisalimitofoneentryperapplicant.

Entriesarewelcomefromanywhereintheworld.Beforeenteringthecompetition,pleaseensurethatyouhave

readtheNovelFairTerms&Conditions2024verycarefullyastheFairisopentoonlynovelistswhohavenever

publishedworkpreviously.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsabouttheapplicationprocess,pleaseemail

novelfair@irishwriterscentre.ie.

1.WhydoestheIWCholdtheFair?

A.Toserveasaplatformforwriters.

B.Toadvertiselocalbooks.

C.Toencourageyoungpeople.

D.Toarouseenthusiasmforreading.

2.Whatcantheworkshophelpthewinnersdo?

A.Improvetheirwritingskills.

B.Dealwiththejudgingpanel.

C.Learnaboutpublishingprocess.

D.Presenttheirnovelsattractively.

3.WhichofthefollowingmeetstherequirementoftheFair?

A.Anovelpublishedin2023.B.Asummaryof200words.

C.Apapermanuscriptbypost.D.Asubmissionofsevenchapters.

B

WhenIwasagirlofeight,livinginatown,IusedtoworkforMrs.White,anelderlylady.Shepaidmevery

littleformywork,becauseshedidn'thavemuchmoney.Shedid,however,promisetogivemeaChristmas

present.ThegirlsIplayedwithhadbaseballgloves,bicyclesandiceskates,andIwassoeagertoacquireany

oneofthese.OnChristmasmorning,Mrs.Whitegavemealittlepackagewhichcouldhardlyholdanything.Iwas

painfullydisappointedbutshetoldmeitwasakindofmagic.Mydisappointmentturnedintocuriosity.

WithgreatexcitementIopenedthepackage,onlytofindapileoftensheetsofblackpaperinside,eachlabeled

incolorfulletters,CarbonPaperRegalPremium.Ididn*tknowwhatitwas."Isitmagic?"1asked.MyAunt

Karen,whowasaschoolteacher,answered,"Itreallyis!"Shetooktwopiecesofwhitepaperandplaced

betweenthemoneoftheblacksheetsfromthebox.Then,withahardpencil,shewrotemynameontheupper

sheet.RemovingitandtheCarbonPaperRegalPremium,shehandedmethesecondsheet,whichherpencilhad

innowaytouched.Therewasmyname!

Iwasenthralled.Iwroteandwrote,usingupwholetabletsuntilthelastpieceofblackpaperwasusedup.ltwasa

gameIdidn'twanttoend.Iwasveryhappywithmyspecialgift.Icanhonestlysaythat,inthatonemoment,I

understoodasmuchaboutprinting,copyingwordsandthemysteryofspreadingideasasIhavelearnedinthe

remaininghalf-centuryofmylife.

Ihopethatthisyearsomeboysandgirlswillreceive,fromthoughtfuladultswhoreallylovethem,giftsthatwill

shockthem.Itissuchgiftsandsuchexperiences一usuallycostinglittleornothing一thattransformalifeandlend

itamotivationthatmaycontinuefordecades.

4.WhydidMrs.WhitepromisetogivethegirlaChristmaspresent?

A.Shewantedtomeetthechild'swish.

B.Sherewardedthegirlforhergoodwork.

C.Shegavegiftstoeverychildinthetown.

D.Shewantedtomakeupforthelowsalary.

5.WhatdoweknowaboutCarbonPaperRegalPremium?

A.Itisusedinschoolteaching.

B.Itismadebyspecialmagicians.

C.Itusuallyconsistsofcolorfulpaper.

D.Itcancopysomethingwrittenonpaper.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence"Iwasenthralled."inParagraph3mean?

A.IwasaddictedtoCarbonPaperRegalPremium.

B.IwascuriousaboutCarbonPaperRegalPremium.

C.IwasconfusedaboutCarbonPaperRegalPremium.

D.Iwasshockedtherewasanameonthesecondsheet.

7.Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthetext?

A.Childrenshouldworkforotherstogetagift.

B.Agiftwithlong-termeffectsisabetterchoice.

C.Childrenneedtoreceiveagiftthattheywant.

D.CarbonPaperRegalPremiumisaperfectgift.

c

OnChristmasEve,ateamofreindeer（馴鹿）willhelpSantaClausdelivergiftstochildrenallaroundthe

world.Thereindeers,ledbytheirfearlessleaderRudolph,won'tbetheonlyonesdoingsomethingspecial.Back

inthehighestArctic,theircousinshavearemarkableabilitychangingtheireyecolor.

Duringthesummermonths,whenthedaysarelongandthesunisbright,reindeer'stapetumlucidum（熒光

膜），amirror-likelayeratthebackoftheireye,appearsgolden,whichhelpsbouncethemajorityoflightoff

theeyes,effectivelyactinglikeapairofnaturalsunglasses.Aswintercomes,andthedaysbecomeshorterand

darker,thetapetumlucidumturnsbluetoabsorbmorelight,allowingreindeertoimprovetheirnightvisionand

seeclearinlowlightconditions.

Withtheseadaptations,reindeercanadaptandthriveinoneoftheharshestenvironmentsonEarth.Unlike

humans,reindeercanseewellintotheshorterUltraViolet(UV)range.ThisUVvisionenablesthemtospot

foodandpredatorsmoreeffectivelyinthesnowylandscape.Lichens,akeypartoftheirwinterdiet,absorb

UV,sotheyshowupdarkagainstUV-reflectingwhitesnow.WolfandpolarbearfuralsoabsorbUV,soinstead

ofdisappearingagainstsnowtheypopoutinhighcontrast,allowingreindeertospotpotentialthreatsfroma

distance.

Reindeerchangetheireyesbyadjustingtheirtapetumlucidum,whichismadeofcollagenfibers.Inwinter,the

collagenfibersbecomepackedtighter,causingthetapetumlucidumtomainlyreflectbluelight.Thischange

happenswhenreindeerdilatetheirpupils(瞳孑L).Insummer,thereindeer'spupilsreturntoasmallersize,

whichhelpsreindeerreducetheamountoflightenteringtheeye.

Buttheiruniqueadaptationmayhurtthem.Today,theincreasinguseofartificiallighting,especiallyduringthe

wintermonths,posesapotentialthreattotheirsensitiveeyes.ltcanmakereindeerlosetheirway,affectingtheir

abilitytosurviveintheirchallengingenvironment.Soitiscrucialforustobemindfulofouruseofelectricityand

makeeffortstominimizelightpollutiontoensurethewell-beingandsurvivalofthesemagnificentcreatures.

8.Whatdoweknowfromparagraph2?

A.Theshapeofreindeer'seyesvarieswithseasons.

B.Itisdifficultforreindeertoliveinlowlightconditions.

C.Thetapetumlucidumhelpsreindeeradapttoseasonalchanges.

D.Reindeer'seyesappeargoldeninwinterwhileblueinsummer.

9.WhatistheuseofUVvisionforreindeer?

A.Tohelpthemseeclearindarknights.

B.Todistinguishfoodofdifferentcolorsquickly.

C.Toprotecttheireyesfromharshsunlightinsummer.

D.Tobetterlocatefoodandenemiesduringsnowydays.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"dilate"inparagraph4probablymean?

A.Relax.B.Expand.C.Narrow.D.Hide.

11.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?

A.Tocallonpeopletoprotectreindeerfromlightpollution.

B.Toshowthereasonsforthedeclineinreindeerpopulation.

C.Topresenthumans'greateffortstoreduceartificiallighting.

D.Toprovereindeer'sstrongadaptabilitytoharshenvironments.

D

ToygiantLegohasgivenuponplanstomakeitsbricksfromrecycledbottles,inablowtoitseffortstocut

carbonemissions（抖F放）.Thecompanysaidin2021thatitaimedtoreduceoil-basedbrickswithintwo

years.ButMonday'sstatementsaidithadfoundthatusingthenewmaterialdidn'treducecarbonemissions.Lego

saiditremainsfullydevotedtodevelopingsustainablematerialsforbricks.

Thetoymakermakesabout4,400differentbricks.Currently,manyofthemaremadeusingaplastic,ABS,

mainlymadefromoil.Themove,whichwasfirstreportedinFinancialTimes,willbeseenasasetback（挫

折）afteranopenclaimbyLegotoimproveitssustainability.Likemanyothercompanies,Legohasbeen

exploringalternativematerialstoplasticthatwillbelastingenoughforgenerations.In2021,itsaidithad

developedbricksmadefrompolyethyleneterephthalate（PET）bottles,withsomeotherchemicalsadded,to

offeranalternativetooil-basedbricks.

ButLegohasnowdiscoveredthataftermorethantwoyearsoftesting,ithadfoundthatusingrecycledPETdidn't

reducecarbonemissions.ltsaidextrastepswererequiredintheproductionprocess,whichmeantitneededtouse

moreenergy.lthasdecidednottoprogresswithmakingbricksfromthematerial,andnowtestinganddeveloping

bricksmadefromarangeofalternativesustainablematerials.

NielsB.Christiansen,CEOofLego,toldtheFTthatitwashardtofindnmagicmaterial"tofixthefirm*s

sustainabilitychallenges.HWetestedhundredsandhundredsofmaterials.It*salmostnotbeenpossibletofinda

materiallikethat,“hesaid.

AspokespersonforthecompanytoldtheBBC,"Weareinvestingmorethan$1.2bninsustainabilitymovein

thefouryearsto2025aspartofoureffortstoturntomoresustainablematerialsandreduceourcarbonemissions

by37%by2032."

12.WhatmaterialhasbeenLegotryingtoreplace?

A.ABS.B.PET.C.Oil.D.Carbon.

13.WhatdidLegofindafterthetwo-yeartest?

A.Itfailedtoachieveitsdesiredgoal.

B.Carbonemissionwasundercontrol.

C.Pressurefromcompetitorswashuge.

D.Addedchemicalsharmtheenvironment.

14.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanthetextbefound?

A.Entertainment.B.Sports.C.Economy.D.Education.

15.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.ANewAnnouncementfromLego

B.MoreRecycling,MorePollution

C.Lego：DroppingItsLow-impactAct

D.Lego：FirmGreenGoalDespitefailure

二、閱讀七選五：本大題共5小題，共12.5分。

TheImportanceofBeingIndependent

Theabilitytobeindependentissomethingnoteveryonepossesses.(1)Andlearningtosupportyourself

isfundamentalforanysuccessyoueverhopetoachieve.Attheendoftheday,youonlyhaveyourselftofallback

on,soit'sveryimportanttobeabletohandlethingsonyourown.

Peoplerelyonothersfarmorethanitisnecessary.Peopleputtheirhappinessinthehandsofasignificantperson,

thinkingthiswillbringthemsatisfaction.(2)

Shouldyoualwaysbedependentonsomeoneelse?Ofcoursenot.(3)Therefore,youneedtolearn

howtomakedecisionsonyourown.Peopleareunabletobeindependentforavarietyofreasons,withfearbeing

thebiggest：thefearofbeingalone,thefearofrejectionandthefearofthefuture.

However,thereisnoreasontobaseyourlifedecisionsonrelationshipswithpeople.Allrelationshipsendatsome

pointoranother.(4)Theonlythingyoucandoisalteryourunderstandingofrelationships.Insteadof

expectingthemtomakeyouhappybybeinginyourlifeandprovidingenjoyment,appreciatethetimespentand

enjoymentsinceyouknowitwillbegone.

(5)Don'taskforadvice,dowhatyouwantandlearnfromyourownmistakes.Manypeopleare

afraidtothinkforthemselvesbecausethatinvolvestakingresponsibilityfortheirownlives.Thisisjustoneway

peoplebecomedependent.Wearebornaloneandwediealone,soweeachhavetotakeresponsibilityforourlives

ateverystepalongtheway.

A.Thereisnothingyoucandotochangeoraffectthat.

B.Thisisaseriouserrortoomanypeoplemakethesedays.

C.Makedecisionsbyandforyourself,whatevertheymaybe.

D.Youcancontrolyourownlifebymakingyourownchoices.

E.However,youneedtobeindependentinordertosurviveintheworld.

F.Inanymomentofdecision,thebestthingyoucandoiswaitfortherighttime.

G.Notonlyareyoulimitingyourself,youarealsolikelytobecomeaburdentothisperson.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

三、完形填空：本大題共15小題，共15分。

WhileenjoyingmyfreshlunchinarestaurantinAmsterdam,Inoticedsomethingodd.Customerscominginfor

somethingtoeatignoredthepersonstandingbehindthecounter(柜臺(tái)),preferringto(1)througha

smartphone.

Whatwasthecrazythingaboutthis?Theywerejustseveral(2)apart!Infact,theyweresoclosethat

thestaffmembertookaquick(3)athisscreentogetaheadstartonpickingtherightvegetables一all

withoutanywords(4).Now,Igetit：Moderntechnologyallowsustobemore(5),butI

mightbewitnessingsomethingdeeper：weprefernottotalktoeachotheranymore.

Thinkaboutitforamoment.Whenwasthelasttimeyounaturally(6)aconversationwithsomebody

youdidn'tknow?Thechancesarethatyoudon*teven(7)!Likelyeitheryouortheotherpersonwas

"busy"withotherthingslike(8)withasmartphone.Now,withthe(9)ofdigital

technologies,onecan'thelpbutpaythe(10)formodernefficiency：ourabilitytotalktostrangers.

Weshop,(11)ahotel,ororderataxi,allviaanapp.(12)withrandomstrangersis

becomingrarerandrarer.Yettherearesurprising(13)ofhavingevenashortandsimpleconversation

withstrangers.Youmightlearnsomething(14),andbeyonddoubt,ithasthepowertoenrichyour

understandingofothersand(15)aspecialbondinourmodernworld.

21.A.talkB.callC.orderD.deliver

22.A.metersB.millimetersC.kilometersD.centimeters

23.A.chanceB.turnC.lookD.test

24.A.spokenB.writtenC.typedD.mentioned

25.A.efficientB.enthusiasticC.effectiveD.energetic

26.A.endedupB.engagedinC.madeupD.wenton

27.A.hearB.believeC.rememberD.understand

28.A.recordingB.studyingC.playingD.calculating

29.A.ideaB.aimC.problemD.rise

30.A.cashB.priceC.debtD.tax

31.A.decorateB.bookC.buildD.repair

32.A.ContactB.WorkC.QuarrelD.Reunion

33.A.interestsB.benefitsC.disadvantagesD.influences

34.A.unrealisticB.unsuitableC.unreasonableD.unexpected

35.A.servesasB.referstoC.accountsforD.consistsof

四、語法填空：本大題共1小題，共15分。

36.YoungChinesearefightingagainstsocietythroughasimpleactofresistance：lyingdown.Examplesofthe

Htangping",or"lyingflat",wayoflife(1)(include)notgettingmarried,nothavingchildren,

andrefusingtoworkextrahoursortoholdajobatall."Istayathomeandsleepandwatchtelevisionseries."said

Zhang,whodescribedherselfas"lyingflat'*forthelasttwoweeks(2)leavingherjobinthefilm

industryinWuxi.

"Tangping"(3)(emerge)overthelastfewmonths.Somecomparethemtothe1950sBeat

GenerationintheUnitedStates.(4)(other)calltheirbehavioraformofnonviolentresistance.

nPeoplerealizethereisnoupwardmobility,"saidYichengWang,aPhDstudentinpoliticalscienceatBoston

University.Thetermdevelopedafter(5)AprilpostontheTiebaforum,whoseauthor,unemployed

forthelasttwoyears,describedalow-effort,low-costlifestyleconsistingofjustafewmonths*workoutofthe

year.

"Lyingflatismymovement,Hhe(6)(write),referringtotheGreekphilosopherDiogenes,who

wasknownforlivinginalargecontainer.Hepostedapictureofhimselflyinginbedinthemiddleofthedaywith

thecurtains(7)(draw).

Butas"tangping"gained(8)(popular),italsobroughtalevelofdishonor.NanfangDailycalledthe

philosophy"shameful".GlobalTimesmadelightofitdescribing"lyingflat"as"notaseriousphilosophy".

ForZhanginWuxi,lyingflatisnotaboutgivinguporwithdrawingfromsociety."Manypeoplewanttoliedown

because996istoo(9)(tire),"shesaid,referringtotheconstanthourscommonintechindustry,

(10)thestaffareexpectedtoworkfrom9a.m.to9p.m.,sixdaysaweek.Thephilosophyisalsoabout

givingoneselfabreak.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、書面表達(dá)：本大題共2小題，共40分。

37.近年來，露營活動(dòng)逐漸興起，但也帶來了環(huán)境和安全等方面的問題。假定你是李華，請(qǐng)以Leave-No-

TraceCamping為題目寫一封倡議書，號(hào)召大家在休閑娛樂的同時(shí)愛護(hù)環(huán)境。

內(nèi)容包括：

(1)露營造成的問題；

(2)愛護(hù)環(huán)境的倡議。

注意:

(1)詞數(shù)80左右；

(2)請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Leave-No-TraceCampingDearall,

LiHua

February2,2024

38.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Atthebeginningofthisyear,mydaughterHelenspentamonthinthehospitalfightingforherlife.Sincethen,

shehashadtodealwiththediseaseaswellasmanysideeffects.Shehasmeteachchallenge,disappointmentand

setbackwithcourage.

Withher16thbirthdayapproaching,Helendreamtofapartyandcampfireatthebeachwithfriends,relatives,

andherbeloveddog,Ginger.lttookawhile,butIfinallyfoundagoodbeachthatalloweddogsandcampfires

andhadeasyaccess.However,aweekbeforeherparty,Helen'sdiseaseworsened.

OurfriendIancalledthenightbeforethepartyandturnedourplansupsidedown.Thesmallbeachwe'dselected

andthesurroundingbeacheswouldhosta30,000-personeventonthepartynightandwouldbeclosed.ltwasa

disasterbecausewehadresearchednoothernearbybeachwouldwork.

Helenhadherheartsetonhavingherdogandacampfireatthebeach,butasusual,shedidn'tcomplain.Inher

younglife,she'sdealtwithmuchworsethingsthanadestroyedbirthdayparty.Shesatdownandbegantoquietly

cry.AfterawhileHelendecidedshe'dratherhavethepartyatourhomesoshecouldhaveherdoganda

campfire.Wecalledtheinviteeswiththechangedplans.

Howtodesignapartyathomewithdogsandcampfirewasachallenge.ltoccurredtousthatwecouldmakefull

useofouryard.Ian'swifeJaymecamefirstwithsomesmallsigns,whichread："WelcometoCampbellBeach,

wheredogsandcampfiresarewelcome.Wherethebeachissmallandthewavesaresofaraway,youmustclose

youreyestoseethem,butnotsotheloveforHelenandherlittledog.HappyBirthday,Helen!"

注意：

(1)續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右；

(2)請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Anhourlater,Ianarrivedwithaloadedtruck.

Helenandherfriendscouldn*twaittoplayonthesand.

答案和解析

1?3.【答案】A、D、B

【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的DescribedbyTheIrishTimesasnADragons*Caveforwriters",

eachyeartheFairaimstointroduceup-and-comingwriterstotoppublishersandliteraryagents（被《愛爾蘭時(shí)

報(bào)》描述為“作家的龍洞”，每年的書展旨在向頂級(jí)出版商和文學(xué)代理商介紹嶄露頭角的作家），可知IWC

舉辦這個(gè)博覽會(huì)是為了給作家提供一個(gè)平臺(tái)，故選A。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第段的Togetfullypreparedforthemeetingwithpublishersandagents,thewinners

willreceiveaplaceinaworkshoponHHowtoPromoteYourNovel",twoweeksinadvanc（為了充分準(zhǔn)備與出

版商和代理商的會(huì)面，獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)邔⑻崆皟芍塬@得參加”如何推廣你的小說”研討會(huì)的機(jī)會(huì)），可知研討會(huì)可以

幫助獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)哂形说卣故舅麄兊男≌f，故選D。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HowtoEnter部分的Applicantsarerequiredtosendasummarywithin300wordsand

uptofivechaptersoftheirnovels,whichshouldbe10,000words（+/-10%）（申請(qǐng)人必須提交一篇300字以

內(nèi)的摘要，最多五章，字?jǐn)?shù)為10,000字，字?jǐn)?shù)上下有10%的浮動(dòng)），可知B項(xiàng)”有200字的摘要”符合博

覽會(huì)要求，故選B。

這是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了愛爾蘭作家中心舉辦的2024年一年一度的小說展比賽的相信息。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔

細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。

4?7.【答案】D、D、A、B

【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Shepaidmeverylittleformywork,becauseshedidn'thavemuch

money.Shedid,however,promisetogivemeaChristmaspresent.（她給我的工資很少，因?yàn)樗龥]有多少

錢。然而，她答應(yīng)給我一份圣誕禮物）可知，懷特太太答應(yīng)給那個(gè)女孩一份圣誕禮物是因?yàn)樗霃浹a(bǔ)低工

資。故選D。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Shetooktwopiecesofwhitepaperandplacedbetweenthemoneoftheblack

sheetsfromthebox.Then,withahardpencil,shewrotemynameontheuppersheet.RemovingitandtheCarbon

PaperRegalPremium,shehandedmethesecondsheet,whichherpencilhadinnowaytouched.Therewasmy

name!（她拿起兩張白紙，從盒子里拿出一張黑布放在它們中間。然后，她用一支硬鉛筆把我的名字寫在

上面那張紙上。她取下那張紙和那張皇家高級(jí)復(fù)寫紙，遞給我第二張紙，她的鉛筆根本沒碰過那張紙。上

面卻有我的名字?。┛芍?，CarbonPaperRegalPremium可以復(fù)制寫在紙上的東西。故選D。

(3)詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文Iwroteandwrote,usingupwholetabletsuntilthelastpieceofblackpaper

wasusedup.ltwasagameIdidn'twanttoend.(我寫啊寫，把整張紙都用完了，直到最后一張黑紙都用完

了)可知，作者一直把CarbonPaperRegalPremium都寫完了，說明作者對(duì)CarbonP叩erRegalPremium著

迷了。故劃線句意思是"我對(duì)CarbonPaperRegalPremium著迷了"。A.IwasaddictedtoCarbonPaperRegal

Premium.我對(duì)CarbonPaperRegalPremium著迷了；B.IwascuriousaboutCarbonPaperRegalPremium.我對(duì)

CarbonPaperRegalPremium很好奇；C.IwasconfusedaboutCarbonPaperRegalPremium.我對(duì)Carbon

PaperRegalPremium感至!］困惑；D.Iwasshockedtherewasanameonthesecondsheet.我很震驚第二張紙上

有一個(gè)名字。故選A。

(4)推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一■段Itissuchgiftsandsuchexperiences—usuallycostinglittleornothing—that

transformalifeandlenditamotivationthatmaycontinuefordecades.(正是這樣的禮物和經(jīng)歷---通?；ㄙM(fèi)

很少或根本不花一一改變了一個(gè)人的生活，并賦予它一種可能持續(xù)幾十年的動(dòng)力)可推知，作者想要表達(dá)

的信息是：有長期效果的禮物是更好的選擇。故選B。

這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者八歲時(shí)得到了懷特太太送的復(fù)寫紙作為禮物，作者對(duì)這種東西非常著

迷，并從中學(xué)到了印刷、復(fù)制文字和傳播思想的奧秘。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個(gè)方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的

時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時(shí)空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀

點(diǎn)，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語篇實(shí)質(zhì)。

二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。

首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對(duì)文章的感情

基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對(duì)整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干

以及各個(gè)選項(xiàng)所包含的信息，然后有針對(duì)性地對(duì)文章進(jìn)行掃讀，對(duì)有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位。此法加強(qiáng)了閱

讀的針對(duì)性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實(shí)際閱讀中，有時(shí)作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的

暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能

就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應(yīng)用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認(rèn)識(shí)

較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會(huì)“順藤摸瓜”，通過構(gòu)詞，語法，定義，同位，對(duì)比，因果，常識(shí)，上下文等

線索確定詞義。

8?11.【答案】C、D、B、A

【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Duringthesummermonths,whenthedaysarelongandthesunis

bright,reindeer'stapetumlucidum（熒光膜）,amirror-likelayeratthebackoftheireye,appearsgolden,

whichhelpsbouncethemajorityoflightofftheeyes,effectivelyactinglikeapairofnaturalsunglasses.Aswinter

comes,andthedaysbecomeshorteranddarker,thetapetumlucidumturnsbluetoabsorbmorelight,allowing

reindeertoimprovetheirnightvisionandseeclearinlowlightconditions.（在夏季的幾個(gè)月里，白天變長，陽

光充足，馴鹿眼睛后部的鏡面狀的熒光膜呈現(xiàn)出金色，有助于反射眼睛上的大部分光線，有效地起到一副

天然太陽鏡的作用。隨著冬天的到來，白天變短變暗，熒光膜變成藍(lán)色以吸收更多的光線，這使得馴鹿能

夠提高他們的夜視能力，在弱光條件下也能看得更清楚）可知，熒光膜幫助馴鹿適應(yīng)季節(jié)變化。故選C。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中ThisUVvisionenablesthemtospotfoodandpredatorsmoreeffectivelyin

thesnowylandscape.（這種紫外線視覺使它們能夠在雪地里更有效地發(fā)現(xiàn)食物和捕食者）可知，紫外線視

覺讓馴鹿在雪天更好地定位食物和天敵。故選D。

（3）詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段Inwinter,thecollagenfibersbecomepackedtighter,causingthetapetum

lucidumtomainlyreflectbluelight.Thischangehappenswhenreindeerdilatetheirpupils（瞳孔）.Insummer,

thereindeer'spupilsreturntoasmallersize,whichhelpsreindeerreducetheamountoflightenteringtheeye.

（在冬天，膠原纖維變得更緊，導(dǎo)致熒光膜主要反射藍(lán)光。在夏天，馴鹿的瞳孔會(huì)變小，這有助于馴鹿減

少進(jìn)入眼睛的光線量）可知，冬天瞳孔會(huì)變大，增加進(jìn)入眼睛的光線量，dilate意思應(yīng)該是”擴(kuò)大"，與

expand意思相近。A.Relax放松；B.Expand擴(kuò)大；C.Narrow縮??；D.Hide躲藏。故選B。

（4）寫作意圖題。根據(jù)最后一段中Today,theincreasinguseofartificiallighting,especiallyduringthe

wintermonths,posesapotentialthreattotheirsensitiveeyes.Itcanmakereindeerlosetheirway,affectingtheir

abilitytosurviveintheirchallengingenvironment.Soitiscrucialforustobemindfulofouruseofelectricityand

makeeffortstominimizelightpollutiontoensurethewell-beingandsurvivalofthesemagnificentcreatures.（如

今，人工照明的使用越來越多，尤其是在冬季，這對(duì)它們敏感的眼睛構(gòu)成了潛在的威脅。它會(huì)使馴鹿迷失

方向，影響它們?cè)趷毫迎h(huán)境中的生存能力。因此，對(duì)我們來說至關(guān)重要的是要注意我們的用電，努力減少

光污染，以確保這些出色生物的健康和生存）可推知，本段主要呼吁我們保護(hù)馴鹿免受光污染。故選A。

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了北極馴鹿的眼睛會(huì)隨著季節(jié)變化而改變顏色，從而適應(yīng)環(huán)境中的光線

量，而且它們擁有紫外線視覺，能夠在雪地中更好地發(fā)現(xiàn)食物和天敵，但是人工照明的使用對(duì)馴鹿敏感的

眼睛構(gòu)成了潛在的威脅，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)保護(hù)馴鹿免受光污染。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔

細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。做題時(shí)要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌

胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

12?15.【答案】A、A、C、D

【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Thetoymakermakesabout4,400differentbricks.Currently,many

ofthemaremadeusingaplastic,ABS,mainlymadefromoil.（這家玩具制造商生產(chǎn)大約4400種不同的積

木。目前，它們中的許多都是用一種主要由石油制成的塑料ABS制成的。）可知，樂高一直試圖取代由

石油制成的塑料ABS。故選A項(xiàng)。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段ButLegohasnowdiscoveredthataftermorethantwoyearsoftesting,ithad

foundthatusingrecycledPETdidn'treducecarbonemissions.（但樂高現(xiàn)在發(fā)現(xiàn)，經(jīng)過兩年多的測試，它發(fā)現(xiàn)

使用回收PET并不能減少碳排放。）可知，經(jīng)過兩年的測試，樂高發(fā)現(xiàn)，PET未能達(dá)到預(yù)期的目標(biāo)。故選

A項(xiàng)。

（3）文章出處題。根據(jù)第——段ToygiantLegohasgivenuponplanstomakeitsbricksfromrecycledbottles,

inablowtoitseffortstocutcarbonemissions（排放）.Thecompanysaidin2021thatitaimed