練習(xí)1單句語法填空+閱讀理解

I.單句語法填空(冠詞)

1.[2024?江蘇連云港聯(lián)考]Itissaidthatfirewallsplaycriticalroleinkeepingcompaniesand

peoplesafe.

答案與解析：a句意為：據(jù)說防火墻在保護公司和人們的安全方面發(fā)揮著關(guān)鍵作用。playa(n)...role為

固定短語，意為“起……的作用”，且critical的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，故填不定冠詞a。

2.[2024?云南昆明統(tǒng)測]AminiatureblackhorsewithwhitenoseranintoaroominNashville's

MonroeCarell,Jr.Children'sHospital.

答案與解析：a句意為：在納什維爾的小門羅?卡雷爾兒童醫(yī)院里，一匹長著白鼻子的小黑馬跑進了病

房。根據(jù)常識和設(shè)空后的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞nose可知，此處指一個鼻子，應(yīng)用不定冠詞；且white的發(fā)音以輔

音音素開頭。故填a。

3.[2024?彳鬲建泉州質(zhì)檢]Thatway,childrencangainbetterunderstandingoftheirlocalfeaturesand

customsduringtheprocessofacceleratedurbanizationthatisreshapingthecity*slandscape.

答案與解析：a句意為：這樣，孩子們就可以在重塑城市景觀的加速的城市化進程中更好地了解他們

當(dāng)?shù)氐奶厣土?xí)俗。固定短語haveabetterunderstandingofsth.意為“對某物有一個更好的了解”，故填a。

4.Montreal,portcityintheprovinceofQuebec,isthesecondlargestcityinCanada.

答案與解析:a蒙特利爾是魁北克省的一個港口城市，是加拿大第二大城市。此處aportcity是Montreal

的同位語，表泛指，故填a。

5.Itmeanswemakesacrificesnow,butinlongrunit'llsaveusalotofmoney.

答案與解析：theinthelongrun“從長遠來看“，是固定搭配，故填the。

6.Hereisverypersonwearelookingfor,onewithgoodknowledgeofGerman.

答案與解析：the;a這正是我們要找的那個人，一個對德語知識掌握得很好的人。person被very和定

語從句修飾，故第一空應(yīng)用定冠詞the,表特指；knowledge意為“知識”，一般用作不可數(shù)名詞，但當(dāng)指

“某一門知識，某一門學(xué)問”時，抽象名詞具體化，用作可數(shù)名詞，故第二空用不定冠詞a。

7.Itissuchgreatpleasureformetogiveaspeechonthenatureofhumanbeingsbefore

wholeclass.

答案與解析：a;the第一空，pleasure本為不可數(shù)名詞，此處是抽象名詞具體化，表示“令人高興的一

件事”，故用不定冠詞表泛指；第二空，whole常與the搭配，故用定冠詞。

8.WiththepopularityoftheInternet,thepowerofnewspapersseemstobeondecrease.

答案與解析：theontheincrease/decrease是固定搭配，表示“增長/減少”，故用定冠詞the。

9.Ifyouwanttoimproveyourworkingefficiency,itwillbenecessityforyoutomake

mostofyourtime.

答案與解析：a;the第一空，此處表示“一種必需品”，因此necessity前加a;第二空，makethemost

of表示“充分利用”，為固定搭配。

10.cakeyouboughtsmellssweet,butIdon'twanttohaveabiteofitfortimebeing.

答案與解析：The;the你買的蛋糕聞起來很香，但我暫時不想吃。第一空，cake被定語從句youbought

所修飾，因此其前加定冠詞the表特指。第二空，forthetimebeing“暫時”，為固定用法。

II.閱讀理解

A

2024?新課標(biāo)I卷，A應(yīng)用文206詞★★☆☆☆

HABITATRESTORATIONTEAM

HelprestoreandprotectMarin'snaturalareasfromtheMarinHeadlandstoBolinasRidge.We'llexplore

beautifulparksiteswhileconductinginvasive（侵入的）plantremoval,winterplanting,andseedcollection.Habitat

RestorationTeamvolunteersplayavitalroleinrestoringsensitiveresourcesandprotectingendangeredspecies

acrosstheridgesandvalleys.

GROUPS

Groupsoffiveormorerequirespecialarrangementsandmustbeconfirmedinadvance.PleasereviewtheList

ofAvailableProjectsandfillouttheGroupProjectRequestForm.

AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRING

Volunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesforyouthundertheageof15.

BringyourcompletedVolunteerAgreementForm.Volunteersundertheageof18musthavethe

parent/guardianapprovalsectionsigned.

We'llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangetdirty.Bringlayersforchangingweatheranda

raincoatifnecessary.

Bringapersonalwaterbottle,sunscreen,andlunch.

Noexperiencenecessary.Trainingandtoolswillbeprovided.Fulfills（滿足）communityservicerequirements.

UPCOMINGEVENTS

TimeMeetingLocation

Sunday,Jan.1510：00am—1：00pmBatteryAlexanderTrailhead

Sunday,Jan.2210：00am—2：30pmStinsonBeachParkingLot

Sunday,Jan.299：30am—2：30pmCoyoteRidgeTrailhead

語篇類型：應(yīng)用文主題語境：人與社會——公益事業(yè)與志愿服務(wù)——生物棲息地修復(fù)工作隊志

愿者招募

【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了HabitatRestorationTeam這一組織，以及其開展的一系列活動。

1.WhatistheaimoftheHabitatRestorationTeam?

A.Todiscovermineralresources.

B.Todevelopnewwildlifeparks.

C.Toprotectthelocalecosystem.

D.Toconductbiologicalresearch.

答案與解析：C理解具體信息。根據(jù)第一段中的"HelprestoreandprotectMarin*snaturalareas"和"Habitat

RestorationTeamvolunteersplayavitalroleinrestoringsensitiveresourcesandprotectingendangeredspecies”可

知，生物棲息地修復(fù)工作隊恢復(fù)和保護自然區(qū)域，在恢復(fù)敏感資源和保護瀕危物種方面起到極其重要的作

用。由此可見，生物棲息地修復(fù)工作隊的目標(biāo)是保護當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)，故選C。

2.WhatistheloweragelimitforjoiningtheHabitatRestorationTeam?

A.5.B.10.

C.15.D.18.

答案與解析：B理解具體信息。根據(jù)AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRING部分中的“Volunteersaged10and

overarewelcome”可知，加入生物棲息地修復(fù)工作隊的最低年齡是10歲，故選B。

3.Whatarethevolunteersexpectedtodo?

A.Bringtheirowntools.

B.Workeveninbadweather.

C.Wearateamuniform.

D.Doatleastthreeprojects.

答案與解析：B理解具體信息。根據(jù)AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRING部分中的“Wellbeworkingrain

orshine...Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary”可知,無論天氣好壞，志愿者都會工作。

由此可見，志愿者甚至?xí)趷毫犹鞖庀鹿ぷ?，故選B。

B

2024?九省聯(lián)考說明文320詞★★☆☆☆

Parrotsarepreyanimals,whichmeansthatotherpredators（捕食者）inthewild,suchashawksorsnakes,are

lookingtomakethemintoameal.Thisonefactorinfluencesparrots'behaviorinyourhousemorethananyother.

Parrotsaremosteasilyhurtwhenfeedingontheground.Membershipinagroupplaysanimportantfunction

inensuringtheirsafetyandimprovingtheirchancesofsurvivalfromattacksbypredators.Themostcommon

predatorsofparrotsincludehawks,snakes,cats,monkeys,andbats.Somepredatorsmakeattacksonlyduringthe

daywhileothershuntinthenight.

Aspreyanimals,parrotsareconstantlywatchingoutfordangerandtheyinstinctively（本能地）reacttorisks.

Theirfirstchoiceistotakeflight.However,ifthisisnotpossible,theywillfightwiththeirpowerfulbeaksto

defendthemselves.

Becausetheirbiggestenemyisthehawk,parrotsareespeciallyreactivetoquickmovementsfromaboveand

behind.Forthisreason,itiswisetoavoidquick,suddenmovementsnearyourbird.Thisisabuilt-inreactionnot

subjecttologicorreason.Simpleandrelativelyharmlesshouseholdobjectscandrawextremefearresponsesfrom

abird.Forexample,aballoonmayrepresentahawkoravacuumhose（吸塵器軟管）maybethesameasasnakein

yourbird'smind.

Aspreyanimals,parrotsareoftenfrightenedbyexposuretonewhouseholditemsorstrangers.Itisimportant

toexposeyourbirdtosafeexperiencesandchangesstartingataveryyoungagetobuildflexibilityandimprove

theiradaptability.Varietyindietandtoys,travel,andexposuretonewpeopleandplacesallhelptomakeyourbird

moreflexibleandadaptabletochange.

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了鸚鵡作為被捕食動物的行為特性和生存策略。

4.Whatisimportantforparrotstobettersurvivefromattacksinthewild?

A.Livinginagroup.

B.Growingbeautifulfeathers.

C.Feedingontheground.

D.Avoidingcomingoutatnight.

答案與解析：A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段uMembershipinagroupplaysanimportantfunctioninensuring

theirsafetyandimprovingtheirchancesofsurvivalfromattacksbypredators.（群體中的成員在確保其安全和提

高其從捕食者襲擊中幸存下來的機會方面起著重要作用。）”可知，鸚鵡要想更好地在野外躲避攻擊，重要

的是要進行集體生活，故選A項。

5.Whatisparrots'firstresponsetoanimmediaterisk?

A.Toattackback.B.Togetaway.

C.Toprotecttheyoung.D.Toplaydead.

答案與解析：B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Aspreyanimals,parrotsareconstantlywatchingoutfordanger

andtheyinstinctively（本能地）reacttorisks.Theirfirstchoiceistotakeflight.（作為獵物，鸚鵡會時刻警惕危險，

并本能地對風(fēng)險做出反應(yīng)。它們的第一反應(yīng)是飛走。）”可知，鸚鵡對直接風(fēng)險的第一反應(yīng)是逃跑，故選B

項。

6.Whywouldaballoonfrightenaparrot?

A.Itmayexplodesuddenly.

B.Itmaybeinastrangeshape.

C.Itmayhaveastrongcolor.

D.Itmaymovearoundquickly.

答案與解析：D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Becausetheirbiggestenemyisthehawk,parrotsare

especiallyreactivetoquickmovementsfromaboveandbehind.（因為它們最大的敵人是鷹，鸚鵡對來自上方和后

方的快速移動特別敏感。）”和下文“Thisisabuilt-inreactionnotsubjecttologicorreason.Simpleand

relativelyharmlesshouseholdobjectscandrawextremefearresponsesfromabird.Forexample,aballoonmay

representahawkoravacuumhose（吸塵器軟管）maybethesameasasnakeinyourbird'smind.（這是一種不受

邏輯或理性約束的內(nèi)在反應(yīng)。簡單且相對無害的家居用品會引起鳥類的極度恐懼反應(yīng)。例如，在你的鳥心

目中，氣球可能代表鷹，或者吸塵器軟管可能被視為蛇。）”可知，氣球能夠嚇到鸚鵡是因為氣球可能移動

速度快，讓鸚鵡聯(lián)想到鷹，故選D項。

7.Whatistheauthor*spurposeofwritingthetext?

A.Toexplainwildparrots'behavior.

B.Togiveadviceonraisingaparrot.

C.Tocallforactiontoprotectanimals.

D.Tointroduceastudyonbirdecology.

答案與解析：B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Parrotsarepreyanimals,whichmeansthatotherpredators（捕

食者）inthewild,suchashawksorsnakes,arelookingtomakethemintoameal.Thisonefactorinfluences

parrots'behaviorinyourhousemorethananyother.（鸚鵡是獵物，這意味著在野外的其他捕食者，如鷹或蛇，

正在尋找將它們作為食物。這一個因素比任何其他因素都更能影響鸚鵡在家里的行為。）“、倒數(shù)第二段

“Simpleandrelativelyharmlesshouseholdobjectscandrawextremefearresponsesfromabird.Forexample,a

balloonmayrepresentahawkoravacuumhose（吸塵器軟管）maybethesameasasnakeinyourbird'smind.（簡

單且相對無害的家居用品會引起鳥類的極度恐懼反應(yīng)。例如，在你的鳥心目中，氣球可能代表鷹，或者吸

塵器軟管可能被視為蛇。）”以及最后一段“Aspreyanimals,parrotsareoftenfrightenedbyexposuretonew

householditemsorstrangers.Itisimportanttoexposeyourbirdtosafeexperiencesandchangesstartingatavery

youngagetobui