2024年上半年教師資格證《初中英語》真題及答案[單選題]1.Whichofthefollowingwordshouldbestressedintheunderlinedsentence（江南博哥）?-Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?-It’saninterestingfilm.-Whatdoyoumean?-Ilikethefilmverymuch.Thestoryisgood.Theactorsarewonderful.A.itB.isC.interestingD.film正確答案：C參考解析：本題考查重音。題干意為：劃線句子中的哪個(gè)單詞需要重讀？一般來說，英語中的實(shí)詞（包括名詞、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、一部分代詞、數(shù)詞）和感嘆詞等要重讀，虛詞（冠詞、介詞、連詞、大多數(shù)代詞和非實(shí)義動(dòng)詞）要弱讀。畫線句子中，interesting為形容詞，屬于實(shí)詞，且本句話為答語，重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)電影是“有趣的”，因此，interesting需要重讀。C項(xiàng)正確。A、B、D三項(xiàng)：均需弱讀，與題干不符，排除。故正確答案為C。[單選題]2.WhichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectpronunciationoftheEnglishword“politician”？A./?p?l?t??(?)n/B./p??l?t??(?)n/C./?p?l??t??(?)n/D./?p?l?t???(?)n/正確答案：C參考解析：本題考查單詞音標(biāo)。題干意為：下列哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)正確顯示了英語單詞“politician”的發(fā)音？以sion/tion/cian/ic/ious/ient/ial/ia/ish結(jié)尾的單詞，其重音往往在倒數(shù)第二個(gè)音節(jié)。因此，單詞politician的音標(biāo)應(yīng)為/?p?l?'t??(?)n/。C項(xiàng)正確。A、B、D三項(xiàng)：重音位置不符。與題干不符，排除。故正確答案為C。[單選題]3.Shestayedawayfromthewindow______anyoneseeher.A.unlessB.lestC.providedD.if正確答案：B參考解析：本題考查目的狀語從句。題干意為：她遠(yuǎn)離窗戶______有人可以看見她。根據(jù)句意可知，她遠(yuǎn)離窗戶的目的是“防止別人看見”，B項(xiàng)lest意為“唯恐，以免，生怕”，引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，符合句意。B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)：unless意為“除非”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。與題干不符，排除。C項(xiàng)：provided意為“假設(shè)”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。與題干不符，排除。D項(xiàng)：if意為“如果”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。與題干不符，排除。故正確答案為B。[單選題]4.-Iwonderifyoucouldgowithmetothecinema.-Sorry.I______myreportallthemorningandhaven’tfinishedyet.A.writeB.waswritingC.havewrittenD.havebeenwriting正確答案：D參考解析：本題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。題干意為“——我想知道你是否能陪我去看電影。——抱歉。我整個(gè)上午都在寫我的報(bào)告，到現(xiàn)在還沒有完成”。本題的關(guān)鍵詞是allthemorning（整個(gè)上午）。根據(jù)句意可知，答者整個(gè)上午一直都在寫報(bào)告，且該動(dòng)作沒有完成，還要持續(xù)下去。故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且還有可能持續(xù)下去。D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示頻率的時(shí)間狀語連用。與題干不符，排除。B項(xiàng)：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示過去的某個(gè)時(shí)刻或某個(gè)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。與題干不符，排除。C項(xiàng)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響或結(jié)果。與題干不符，排除。故正確答案為D。[單選題]5.-Thatmustbeamistake.-No,it______be.I’veconsultedthedictionary.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.needn’tD.wouldn’t正確答案：B參考解析：本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。題干意為：——這一定是個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。——不，它______。我查字典了。根據(jù)句意可知，后文解釋為“已經(jīng)查過字典了”，因此此處是對(duì)上文“這是一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤”的否定答復(fù)，B項(xiàng)can’t表示否定，意為“不可能”，B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)：mustn’t意為“禁止”。與題干不符，排除。C項(xiàng)：needn’t意為“不需要”。與題干不符，排除。D項(xiàng)：wouldn’t意為“不會(huì)，不愿意”。與題干不符，排除。故正確答案為B。[單選題]6.Peterpaidthethird______onhiscar,sothefirmsenthimareminder.A.settlementB.premiumC.installmentD.debt正確答案：C參考解析：本題考查名詞詞義辨析。題干意為：彼得付了汽車的第三期______，所以公司給他發(fā)了一個(gè)提醒。根據(jù)語境可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)彼得支付車子的第三筆“分期付款”。installment意為“分期付款”。C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)：settlement意為“（解決爭(zhēng)端的）協(xié)議，和解；定居點(diǎn)，聚居地；結(jié)算，清賬”。與題干不符，排除。B項(xiàng)：premium意為“保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)；（正常價(jià)格或費(fèi)用以外的）加付款，加價(jià)”。與題干不符，排除。D項(xiàng)：debt意為“欠款，債務(wù)；負(fù)債情況”。與題干不符，排除。故正確答案為C。[單選題]7.Mr.Lamwantedto****popularrestaurant,sohe______onebytelephone.A.maintainedB.preservedC.retainedD.reserved正確答案：D參考解析：本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。題干意為：蘭莫先生想要在一家受歡迎的餐廳訂一桌，所以他打電話______了一個(gè)。（此處題目未收集完整，可猜測(cè)大概意思，不影響作答）根據(jù)“popularrestaurant”可知，因?yàn)轱埖旰芑鸨孕枰崆按螂娫掃M(jìn)行“預(yù)訂”，D項(xiàng)reserved意為“預(yù)訂，預(yù)約；保留”，符合題意。D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)：maintained意為“保持；維護(hù)，維修”，指保持原樣，不增不減，某種狀態(tài)維持在一定程度上。與題干不符，排除。B項(xiàng)：preserved意為“保存，保護(hù)”，側(cè)重將物品完好無損地保存下來。與題干不符，排除。C項(xiàng)：retained意為“保留；保存”，繼續(xù)保持。與題干不符，排除。故正確答案為D。[單選題]8.Marycountedthechairsintheclassroomandfoundthattherewere42______.A.altogetherB.insumC.alltogetherD.entirely正確答案：A參考解析：本題考查副詞的用法。題干意為：瑪麗數(shù)了數(shù)教室里的椅子，發(fā)現(xiàn)______有42把。根據(jù)句意可知，表明教室內(nèi)的椅子數(shù)量“總計(jì)”為42把。A項(xiàng)altogether作副詞，意為“總計(jì)，總共，完全地，（表示總數(shù)或總額）一共”，A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)：insum意為“總之，總而言之”，一般用于總結(jié)。與題干不符，排除。C項(xiàng)：alltogether意為“一起，同時(shí)，共同”，表示全部在同一地方或同一時(shí)間。與題干不符，排除。D項(xiàng)：entirely意為“完全地，完整地，全部地”。與題干不符，排除。故正確答案為A。[單選題]9.Theword“OPEC”isanexampleof______.A.acronymB.blendingC.coinageD.clipping正確答案：A參考解析：本題考查首字母縮略法。題干意為：?jiǎn)卧~OPEC是一個(gè)______的例子。單詞OPEC全稱為OrganizationofthePetroleumExportingCountries，意為“石油輸出國(guó)組織”，是由各單詞中的重要成分的開頭字母組成的。A項(xiàng)acronym意為“首字母縮略法”，與首字母連寫詞的不同之處在于，這種詞在發(fā)音上作為一個(gè)單詞來讀，而不能逐個(gè)字母來讀。因此OPEC運(yùn)用的構(gòu)詞法是“首字母縮略法”，A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)：blending意為“混成法”，是一種相對(duì)復(fù)雜的復(fù)合形式，兩個(gè)單詞要通過連接第一個(gè)單詞的開頭部分和第二個(gè)單詞的最后部分混成一個(gè)新的單詞。如smoke+fog→smog（煙霧）。與題干不符，排除。C項(xiàng)：coinage意為“新創(chuàng)詞”。與題干不符，排除。D項(xiàng)：clipping意為“截短法”，是縮略或截取單詞的一部分字母，主要以截取單詞的詞尾、詞首、詞腰為主。與題干不符，排除。故正確答案為A。[單選題]10.Thesenserelationbetween“SamisthehusbandofSally”and“SallyisthewifeofSam”is______.A.polysemyB.hyponymyC.antonymyD.synonymy正確答案：D參考解析：本題考查同義關(guān)系。題干意為：“Sam是Sally的丈夫”和“Sally是Sam的妻子”之間的意義關(guān)系是______？?jī)删湓挶磉_(dá)的是同一個(gè)含義，D項(xiàng)synonymy意為“同義關(guān)系”，指意義上的相同或相近。D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)：polysemy意為“一詞多義”。與題干不符，排除。B項(xiàng)：hyponymy意為“上下義關(guān)系”，上下義關(guān)系是指種類和成員間的關(guān)系。與題干不符，排除。C項(xiàng)：antonymy意為“反義關(guān)系”，反義關(guān)系是指意義上的相反。與題干不符，排除。故正確答案為D。[單選題]11.No______isencouragedintheDirectMethod,asthemethodassertsthatmeaningistobeconnecteddirectlywiththetargetlanguage.A.grammarexplanationB.translationC.errorcorrectionD.drilling正確答案：B參考解析：本題考查直接法。題干意為：直接法不提倡_____，因?yàn)樵摲椒ㄖ鲝垖⒁饬x與目標(biāo)語言直接聯(lián)系。直接法是指直接教外語的方法，利用外語本身進(jìn)行會(huì)話、交談和閱讀，以達(dá)到教授外語的目的，基本不用母語，不用翻譯和形式語法，因此不需要翻譯。B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)：grammarexplanation意為“語法解釋”。與題干不符，排除。C項(xiàng)：errorcorrection意為“糾錯(cuò)”。與題干不符，排除。D項(xiàng)：drilling意為“練習(xí)”。與題干不符，排除。故正確答案為B。[單選題]12.“Knowingaword”meansknowingnotonlythemeaningofaword,itspartofspeech,wordfamilyandassociations,butalso______.A.itsgrammaticalcategoryB.itssemanticlinksC.itssemantictypologyD.itscollocations正確答案：D參考解析：本題考查詞匯教學(xué)。題干意為：“認(rèn)識(shí)一個(gè)單詞”意味著不僅要知道這個(gè)單詞的詞義、詞性、詞群、聯(lián)想等，還需要知道______。collocations意為“搭配”。根據(jù)詞匯教學(xué)策略，不僅要教單詞的“音”、“形”“義”、“用”，還需要在詞組語塊中教學(xué)英語單詞，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)注詞語的搭配和固定表達(dá)方式。D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)：grammaticalcategory意為“語法范疇”。與題干不符，排除。B項(xiàng)：semanticlinks意為“語義聯(lián)系”，。與題干不符，排除。C項(xiàng)：semantictypology意為“語義類型”。與題干不符，排除。故正確答案為D。[單選題]13.Whenteaching“givesomebodysomething”and“givesomethingtosomebody”,theteacherasksstudentstofindouttherulesbycomparingexamples,thisisacaseof______.A.inductiveteachingB.deductiveteachingC.content-basedteachingD.project-basedteaching正確答案：A參考解析：本題考查教學(xué)方法。題干意為：在教授“givesomebodysomething”和“givesomethingtosomebody”兩個(gè)短語時(shí)，教師讓學(xué)生通過對(duì)比例句找出規(guī)則。這是一個(gè)______例子。inductiveteaching意為“歸納教學(xué)法”。從例子到規(guī)則，從特殊到一般，是歸納法的典型特征。A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)：deductiveteaching意為“演繹教學(xué)法”，指的是老師先講規(guī)則，然后再給同學(xué)各種各樣的例子進(jìn)行操練。與題干不符，排除。C項(xiàng)：content-basedteaching意為“內(nèi)容教學(xué)法”，通過學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)特定領(lǐng)域的內(nèi)容來提高他們的語言能力。注重以內(nèi)容為中心，將語言作為工具，幫助學(xué)生掌握知識(shí)、技能和語言能力。核心理念是學(xué)習(xí)語言與學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容相結(jié)合，通過學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容來提高語言技能。與題干不符，排除。D項(xiàng)：project-basedteaching意為“項(xiàng)目教學(xué)法”，在老師的指導(dǎo)下，將一個(gè)相對(duì)獨(dú)立的項(xiàng)目交由學(xué)生自己處理，信息的收集、方案的設(shè)計(jì)、項(xiàng)目實(shí)施及最終評(píng)價(jià)，都由學(xué)生自己負(fù)責(zé)，學(xué)生通過該項(xiàng)目的進(jìn)行，了解并把握整個(gè)過程及每一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)中的基本要求。與題干不符，排除。故正確答案為A。[單選題]14.Inteachinglistening,schema-activatingshouldbedone______.A.beforelisteningB.whilelisteningC.afterlisteningD.throughlistening正確答案：A參考解析：本題考查聽力技能教學(xué)。題干意為：在聽力教學(xué)中，激活圖式應(yīng)在______環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行。激活圖式指的是通過激活學(xué)生舊知識(shí)架構(gòu)找出新舊知識(shí)的聯(lián)系點(diǎn)，建立新的知識(shí)架構(gòu)，是以學(xué)生為主體的新教學(xué)思路。通常放在pre-reading或pre-listening環(huán)節(jié)。A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)：whilelistening意為“聽中階段”，主要是技能提升和材料理解，包含泛聽大意（Extensivelistening）和精聽細(xì)節(jié)（Intensivelistening）。與題干不符，排除。C項(xiàng)：afterlistening意為“聽后階段”，主要是語言運(yùn)用，包含小組對(duì)話、角色扮演和辯論等活動(dòng)。與題干不符，排除。D項(xiàng)：throughlistening意為“通過聽力”。與題干不符，排除。故正確答案為A。[單選題]15.Whenateachersays“Whatelsecanyoufindinthistext?”,he/sheismostprobably______.A.correctingstudents’mistakesB.givingstudents’feedbackC.invitingstudents’commentsD.elicitingstudents’responses正確答案：D參考解析：本題考查教學(xué)實(shí)施。題干意為：當(dāng)教師說：“你在這篇課文里還能找到什么？”時(shí)，他/她大概是在______。elicitingstudents’responses意為“引導(dǎo)學(xué)生回答”。該問題能激發(fā)學(xué)生思考，從而給出回應(yīng)。D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)：correctingstudentsmistakes意為“糾正學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤”。與題干不符，排除。B項(xiàng)：givingstudentsfeedback意為“給予學(xué)生反饋”。與題干不符，排除。C項(xiàng)：invitingstudentscomments意為“邀請(qǐng)學(xué)生評(píng)價(jià)”。與題干不符，排除。故正確答案為D。[單選題]16.Languageismorelikelytobeacquiredwhenmorethanonesenseisinvolved.Whichofthefollowingactivitiesmostprobablyinvolvesvisual,auralandkinestheticprocesses?A.writingapassageB.seeingafilmC.performingaplayD.listeningtoatape正確答案：C參考解析：本題考查語言和語言習(xí)得。題干意為“當(dāng)涉及一種以上的感覺時(shí)，語言更有可能被習(xí)得。以下哪一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)最可能涉及視覺、聽覺和動(dòng)覺過程”。Performingaplay意為“演一出戲”，“表演”這一行為顯然涉及視覺、聽覺和動(dòng)覺過程。C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)：writingapassage意為“寫文章”。與題干不符，排除。B項(xiàng)：seeingafilm意為“看電影”。與題干不符，排除。D項(xiàng)：listeningtoatape意為“聽錄音”。與題干不符，排除。故正確答案為C。[單選題]17.Whenateacherasksthestudentstoreadthetextandsortoutthefactsandopinions,themainpurposeistodevelopstudents’______.A.thinkingabilityB.culturalawarenessC.linguisticabilityD.discourseawareness正確答案：C參考解析：本題考查教學(xué)活動(dòng)。題干意為：教師要求學(xué)生閱讀課文并整理事實(shí)和觀點(diǎn)時(shí)，主要目的是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的______。linguisticability意為“語言能力”。在閱讀課上，為了培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的語言能力，可以設(shè)計(jì)梳理主旨大意、重要細(xì)節(jié)信息等活動(dòng)。C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)：thinkingability意為“思維品質(zhì)”。與題干不符，排除。B項(xiàng)：culturalawareness意為“文化意識(shí)”。與題干不符，排除。D項(xiàng)：discourseawareness意為“語篇意識(shí)”。與題干不符，排除。故正確答案為C。[單選題]18.Intask-basedlanguageteaching,textbookunitsarecompiledprimarilyaround______.A.skillsB.grammarC.functionsD.topics正確答案：C參考解析：題干意為：在任務(wù)型語言教學(xué)中，教材單元主要圍繞______來編寫的。在任務(wù)型語言教學(xué)（Task-BasedLanguageTeaching,TBLT）中，教學(xué)的重點(diǎn)是讓學(xué)生在完成實(shí)際任務(wù)的過程中學(xué)習(xí)和使用語言。這種教學(xué)方法強(qiáng)調(diào)語言的實(shí)際運(yùn)用和交際能力，而不僅僅是語法規(guī)則或語言知識(shí)。根據(jù)這一理念，教材單元通常圍繞具體的任務(wù)或活動(dòng)來組織，這些任務(wù)旨在幫助學(xué)生實(shí)現(xiàn)特定的交際功能，如請(qǐng)求、道歉、建議等。這些功能是通過語言的使用來實(shí)現(xiàn)的，而不是僅僅學(xué)習(xí)語言的形式或結(jié)構(gòu)。因此，在任務(wù)型語言教學(xué)中，教材單元主要是圍繞功能（functions）來編寫的，以便讓學(xué)生在完成實(shí)際任務(wù)的過程中學(xué)習(xí)和運(yùn)用語言。C項(xiàng)functions意為“功能”。C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)：skills意為“技能”。與題干不符，排除。B項(xiàng)：grammar意為“語法”。與題干不符，排除。D項(xiàng)：topics意為“話題”。與題干不符，排除。故正確答案為C。[單選題]19.Whenateacherguidesstudentstomakeawritingplan,writeadraft,andthenevaluateandrevisethedraftbeforesubmittingthefinalversion,he/shetriestodevelopstudents’______strategy.A.cognitiveB.metacognitiveC.communicativeD.resource正確答案：A參考解析：本題考查學(xué)習(xí)策略。題干意為：教師指導(dǎo)學(xué)生制定寫作計(jì)劃，寫草稿，然后在提交最終版本之前對(duì)草稿進(jìn)行評(píng)估和修改時(shí)，他/她是在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的______策略。cognitive意為“認(rèn)知的”。認(rèn)知策略指學(xué)生為了完成具體語言學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)而采取的步驟和方法。上述一系列活動(dòng)側(cè)重學(xué)生對(duì)信息加工和整理，屬于認(rèn)知策略。A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)：metacognitive意為“元認(rèn)知”。元認(rèn)知策略指學(xué)生為了提高英語學(xué)習(xí)效率，計(jì)劃、監(jiān)控、評(píng)價(jià)、反思和調(diào)整學(xué)習(xí)過程或?qū)W習(xí)結(jié)果的策略；與題干不符，排除。C項(xiàng)：communicative意為“交際的”，交際策略指學(xué)生為了爭(zhēng)取更多的交際機(jī)會(huì)、維持交際以及提高交際效果而采取的策略。與題干不符，排除。D項(xiàng)：resource意為“資源”。與題干不符，排除。故正確答案為A。[單選題]20.Attheendofaterm,teacherswouldgivestudentsatesttoseehowwelltheyhavelearnedthelanguageandskillstaughtinclass.Suchatestiscalleda(n)______.A.proficiencytestB.diagnostictestC.achievementtestD.placementtest.正確答案：C參考解析：本題考查成績(jī)測(cè)試。題干意為：在學(xué)期結(jié)束時(shí)，老師會(huì)給學(xué)生們進(jìn)行測(cè)試，看看他們對(duì)課堂上教授的語言和技能掌握得如何。這樣的測(cè)試稱為______。achievementtest意為“成績(jī)測(cè)試”，旨在了解一段時(shí)間內(nèi)學(xué)生對(duì)所學(xué)內(nèi)容的掌握情況，以便對(duì)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)作出評(píng)定。測(cè)試的內(nèi)容即為該階段所學(xué)內(nèi)容。例如，學(xué)校的期中考試、期末考試。C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)：proficiencytest意為“水平測(cè)試”，旨在評(píng)價(jià)學(xué)生現(xiàn)有的語言水平能否達(dá)到勝任某一新的學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)或工作的程度。水平測(cè)試的區(qū)分度較高，能夠區(qū)分不同水平的學(xué)生。例如，TOEFL（托福）、CET（全國(guó)大學(xué)英語四、六級(jí)考試）都屬于水平測(cè)試的范疇。與題干不符，排除。B項(xiàng)：diagnostictest意為“診斷測(cè)試”，旨在診斷和分析學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)過程中存在的問題，了解學(xué)生的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，以便更好地設(shè)計(jì)和完善教學(xué)活動(dòng)。診斷測(cè)試的成績(jī)一般不用來衡量和評(píng)估學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)水平。教學(xué)過程中的單元測(cè)試、項(xiàng)目測(cè)試都是這類測(cè)試。與題干不符，排除。D項(xiàng)：placementtest意為“分級(jí)測(cè)試”，分級(jí)考試是一種綜合性的英語水平測(cè)試及心理測(cè)試項(xiàng)目，一般用于分班測(cè)試，用來對(duì)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)水平進(jìn)行快速評(píng)估，為學(xué)生選擇一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膶W(xué)習(xí)起點(diǎn)。與題干不符，排除。故正確答案為C。[問答題]1.一學(xué)生在英語課堂練習(xí)活動(dòng)中說“ShesaidmeIwaslate”請(qǐng)針對(duì)該句中的錯(cuò)誤，寫出兩種糾錯(cuò)方式（8分，用國(guó)家通用語言文字作答），并寫出相應(yīng)的教師話語（6分，用英文作答）及目的。（6分，用國(guó)家通用語言文字作答）。正確答案：詳見解析參考解析：針對(duì)題干中學(xué)生出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤，教師可以采用直接糾錯(cuò)和間接糾錯(cuò)兩種方式。（1）直接糾錯(cuò)是指學(xué)習(xí)者出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，教師打斷其語言訓(xùn)練或?qū)嵺`活動(dòng)，對(duì)其錯(cuò)誤予以正面糾正（說出正確的語言形式，并讓學(xué)生改正）。這種糾錯(cuò)方式常用于旨在讓學(xué)生掌握正確的語言形式而進(jìn)行的機(jī)械操練或側(cè)重于語言精確輸出的各種練習(xí)中。在本節(jié)課中，教師直接糾錯(cuò)時(shí)使用的課堂用語可以是：Youshouldsay“ShetoldmethatIwaslate”.Readafterme,please.目的：關(guān)注學(xué)生語言表達(dá)形式的準(zhǔn)確性，旨在幫助學(xué)生進(jìn)行精確的語言輸出；由教師直接說出正確的語言形式，可以清晰明確地對(duì)學(xué)生的錯(cuò)誤進(jìn)行糾正，糾錯(cuò)效率高。（2）使用間接糾錯(cuò)時(shí)，教師可以先對(duì)學(xué)生的回答進(jìn)行正面鼓勵(lì)，然后通過重復(fù)學(xué)生的話，對(duì)語言表達(dá)中的錯(cuò)誤進(jìn)行含蓄糾正，間接展示出正確答案，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤并改正。在本節(jié)課中，教師可以在學(xué)生回答之后進(jìn)行恰當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)：Goodanswer!Shetoldyouthatyouwerelate.Sowhatdidshesay?目的：教師不直接指出錯(cuò)誤，而是通過部分肯定之后的含蓄糾正，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生說出正確答案，既保護(hù)了學(xué)生的自尊心，不打擊學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的積極性，又達(dá)到了很好的糾錯(cuò)效果。[問答題]2.設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)：根據(jù)學(xué)生信息和語言素材，設(shè)計(jì)一節(jié)英語寫作課教學(xué)方案，教案沒有固定格式，但需要含下列要點(diǎn)：①Teachingobjectives②Teachingcontents③Keyanddifficultpoints④Majorstepsandtimeallocation⑤Activitiesandjustifications教學(xué)時(shí)間：40分鐘學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學(xué)九年級(jí)（初三）學(xué)生，班級(jí)人數(shù)40，多數(shù)學(xué)生已達(dá)到義務(wù)教育英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的相應(yīng)水平。學(xué)生積極參與積極性一般。語言素材：Readthee-mailfromFranandwriteareply.Subject:Canyouhelp?From:FranDearknowledgeable,Mybestfriend,Mei,hasaproblem.ThereisareallyimportantEnglishspeechcontestforourwholecitynextmonth.Ourclassmateswanthertorepresenttheclassintheschoolcontest.Everyoneissureshewillwin.It’sprobablytrue.MeiisverycleverandcanspeakEnglishreallywell.Infact,shealwayscomestopintheschoolexams.Theproblemisthatshe’sveryshy.Shedoesn’twanttoletherfriendsdownbutshe’sterrifiedofspeakinginfrontofotherpeople.She’smyfriend,soshecantellmethatshe’sshy.Butshecan’ttelleveryonethat.Idon’tthinktheywouldbelieveher.Ican’tthinkofanygoodadvicetogiveher.Butyoualwayscomeupwithgoodsolutionstopeople’sproblems.WhatdoyouthinkofIshouldtellMei?WhatdoyouthinkIshouldtelltherestofthestudents?Fran正確答案：詳見解析參考解析：(1)TeachingcontentsThisisanEnglishwritinglessonaboutwritingareplytothegivene-mail.(2)Teachingobjectives①Studentscanunderstandthee-mailandgetimportantinformation.②Studentscangetthestructureofthematerialandwriteareplybasedonthegivene-mailafterdiscussion.③Studentscanhavegoodcharacterofself-confidenceandself-improvement.④Studentscansortoutandsummarizetheinformationinthematerial.⑤Studentswillbewillingtotakepartintheclassroomactivitiesandcooperatewithothergroupmembers.(3)Keyanddifficultpoints①KeypointStudentscanunderstandhowtowriteareply.②DifficultpointStudentscanwriteareplyinalogicalorderandimprovetheirwritingability.(4)MajorstepsStep1Lead-in(3mins)Atthebeginningoftheclass,theteacherwillshowthepictureofane-mailandasksomequestions-“Haveyoueverreceivedane-mail?Canyouwriteareply?”.Somestudentswillbeinvitedtosharetheiranswers.Afterthat,theteacherwillgivecorrespondingcommentsonstudents’answersandshowthetopicofthislesson.(Justification:Thepictureisvividandinteresting,whichcanarousestudents’interestinteachingactivities.Meanwhile,itcanalsointroducethetopictodaynaturally.)Step2Pre-writing(15mins)①LearningaboutthematerialTheteacherwillguidestudentstoreadthematerialtosummarizethetopicofit.Thenstudentswillanswersomequestionsaboutthematerial.Q1:WhydidFranwritethee-mail?Q2:WhatwasMei’sproblem?②StructurelearningStudentswillreadthematerialagaintosummarizethebasicstructure,andtheyshouldpayattentiontothetopicsentences,transitionalwordsandlogicalrelations.③ConceivingthewritingmaterialStudentswillworkingroupstotalkaboutsomeadvicethattheycangiveandwritedowntheideas.Representativesfromeachgroupwillbeinvitedtosharetheirdiscussionresultsusingsomeusefulexpressions.④OutliningTheteacherwillguidestudentstowriteanoutline.Studentsneedtoputtheirideasinorder.(Justification:Throughtheaboveactivities,studentswillbepreparedtowritetheirowncompositions.Theywillknowwhattowriteandhowtowriteit.)Step3While-writing(10mins)DraftingStudentswillwritetheirowncompositions.Theteacherwillwalkaroundtoofferhelpandremindstudentstopayattentiontothespelling,grammar,punctuationandsoon.(Justification:Throughthisactivity,studentswillfinishtheircompositionsandtheirwritingabilitywillbeimproved.)Step4Post-writing(5mins)①Editinga.Self-editingTheteacherwillgivestudentsashorttimetogothroughtheircompositionstocorrectthemistakesinspellingandgrammarb.Peer-editingStudentswillexchangetheircompositionswitheachotherandcorrectthemistakesinspellingandgrammar.Theycanalsomakesuggestionsaboutpolishingtheircompositions.②DisplayingandevaluatingTheteacherwillinvitesomestudentstosharetheircompositionswiththewholeclassandguideotherstudentstoevaluatethesecompositions,andthentheteacherwillmakeaconclusion.(Justification:Throughtheseactivities,studentscanexpressthemselvesmoreexactlyandworkoutbetterideasorexpressions,andtheirwritingskillscanbeimproved.Besides,theywillbemorewillingtosharetheirideasinpublicandlearnfromothers.)Step5Summaryandhomework(7mins)①SummaryStudentsshouldactasanassistantteachertoconcludewhattheyhavelearnedinthisclass,andthentheteacherwillmakeasummary.②Homeworka.Modifythecompositionafterclass.b.SearchtheInternetformoresuggestionsforpeopleintroubleandsharetheminthenextclass.(Justification:Studentscanimprovetheirsummarizingabilityinthisstepandcultivatetheirculturalawarenessandfurtherconsolidatetheirwritingability.)共享題干題Passage2Overthepastdecade,theJapanesefashionchainUniqlohasbecomeamongthemostsuccessfulretailersintheworld.Itssuccessisdueinalargeparttothefactthatithasfoundawaytosellbasicstuffthatisnotonlyaffordablestylishanddurable.Andthere’ssomethingelsethatmakesUniqlodistinctive:ithiresalotofpeople,andspendsalotoftimetrainingthem.WhenthecompanyopeneditsflagshipFifthAvenuestorelastfall,ithiredsixhundredandfiftypeople,andpledgedtohavefourhundredpeopleworkingthereatonetime.Thisisnotthewaymostretailersdobusiness.Thegenerationdogmainrecentdecadeshasbeenthat,inordertocompeteonprice,youneedtokeeplaborcostsdown-hiringasfewworkersasyoucangetawaywithandpayingthemaslittleaspossible.Althoughleannessisgenerallyagoodthinginbusiness.Toomuchcost-cuttingturnsouttobeabadstrategy,notonlyforworkersandcustomersbutalsoforbusinessthemselves.ArecentHarvardBusinessReviewstudybyZeynepTon,andMITprofessor,lookedatfourlow-priceretailers:Costco,TraderJoe’s.Theconvenience-storechainQuikTrip,andaSpanishsupermarketchaincalledMercadona.Thesecompanieshavemuchhigherlaborcoststhattheircompetitors.Theypaytheiremployeesmore;theyhavemorefull-timeworkersandmoresalespeopleonthefloor;andtheyinvestmoreintrainingthem.(AtQuikTrip,evenpart-timeemployeesgetfortyhoursoftraining.)Notsurprisingly,thesestoresarebetterplacestowork.What’smoresurprisingisthattheyhavemoreprofitablethanmostoftheircompetitorsandhavemoresalesperemployeeandpersquarefoot.Thebigchallengeistomakesurethatthepeoplecomingintothestoreactuallybuystuffandresearchsuggeststhatnotscrimpingonpayrolliscrucial.InastudypublishedattheWhartonSchool,MarshallFisher,JayanthKrishnan,andSergueiNetessinelookedatdetailedsalesdatafromaretailerwithmorethanfivehundredstores,andfoundthateverydollarinadditionalpayrollledtosomewherebetweenfourandtwenty-eightdollarsinnewsales.Storesthatwereunderstaffedtobeginwithbenefitedmore,storesthatwereclosetofullystaffedbenefittedlessbut,inallcases,spendingmoreonworkerslettohighersales.Astudylastyearofabigapparelchainfoundthatincreasingthenumberofpeopleworkinginstoresledtoasignificantincreaseinsalesatthosestores.Thereasonsforthisaren’thardtodivine.AsFisher,Krishman,andNetessineshow,customers’needsareprettysimple:theywanttobeabletofindproductsandhelpfulsalespeopleeasily;andtheywanttoavoidlongcheckoutlines.Forawell-staffedstore,that’snoproblem,butifyoudon’thaveenoughpeopleonthefloor,oriftheyaren’twelltrained,customerscaneasilylosepatience.Oneofthebiggestproblemsretailershaveiswhatiscalleda“Phantomstock-out.”That’swhenaproductisinthestorebutcan’tbefound.Worker-friendlyretailerswithmoreemployeeshavefewerphantomstock-outs,whichleadstomoresales.Andhappyworkerstendtostickaround,whichsavesthecostsassociatedwithemployeeturnover,likehiringandtraining.[單選題]1.AccordingtoParagraph1,whatdoretailersdotoincreasetheirprofits?A.Cutdownonlaborcost.B.Improveworkefficiency.C.Hiremorepart-timeworkers.D.Providestylishanddurableproducts.正確答案：A參考解析：本題考查事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為：根據(jù)文章第一自然段，這些零售商通常會(huì)做什么來提高利潤(rùn)？根據(jù)文章第一段最后三句中Thisisnotthewaymostretailersdobusiness.Thegenerationdogmainrecentdecadeshasbeenthat,inordertocompeteonprice,youneedtokeeplaborcostsdown-hiringasfewworkersasyoucangetawaywithandpayingthemaslittleaspossible.（近幾十年的普遍看法就是，為了在價(jià)格上競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，你需要保持低勞動(dòng)力成本，雇傭盡可能少的工人，并且支付盡可能少的工資。）可知，這些零售人員通常會(huì)通過保持低勞動(dòng)成本進(jìn)而提高利潤(rùn)。A項(xiàng)Cutdownonlaborcost.意為“降低人工成本”，A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)：Improveworkefficiency.意為“提高工作效率”。與題干不符，排除。C項(xiàng)：Hiremorepart-timeworkers.意為“雇傭更多兼職工人”。與題干不符，排除。D項(xiàng)：Providestylishanddurableproducts.意為“提供時(shí)尚耐用的產(chǎn)品”。與題干不符，排除。故正確答案為A。Overthepastdecade,theJapanesefashionchainUniqlohasbecomeamongthemostsuccessfulretailersintheworld.Itssuccessisdueinalargeparttothefactthatithasfoundawaytosellbasicstuffthatisnotonlyaffordablestylishanddurable.Andthere’ssomethingelsethatmakesUniqlodistinctive:ithiresalotofpeople,andspendsalotoftimetrainingthem.WhenthecompanyopeneditsflagshipFifthAvenuestorelastfall,ithiredsixhundredandfiftypeople,andpledgedtohavefourhundredpeopleworkingthereatonetime.Thisisnotthewaymostretailersdobusiness.Thegenerationdogmainrecentdecadeshasbeenthat,inordertocompeteonprice,youneedtokeeplaborcostsdown-hiringasfewworkersasyoucangetawaywithandpayingthemaslittleaspossible.Althoughleannessisgenerallyagoodthinginbusiness.Toomuchcost-cuttingturnsouttobeabadstrategy,notonlyforworkersandcustomersbutalsoforbusinessthemselves.ArecentHarvardBusinessReviewstudybyZeynepTon,andMITprofessor,lookedatfourlow-priceretailers:Costco,TraderJoe’s.Theconvenience-storechainQuikTrip,andaSpanishsupermarketchaincalledMercadona.Thesecompanieshavemuchhigherlaborcoststhattheircompetitors.Theypaytheiremployeesmore;theyhavemorefull-timeworkersandmoresalespeopleonthefloor;andtheyinvestmoreintrainingthem.(AtQuikTrip,evenpart-timeemployeesgetfortyhoursoftraining.)Notsurprisingly,thesestoresarebetterplacestowork.What’smoresurprisingisthattheyhavemoreprofitablethanmostoftheircompetitorsandhavemoresalesperemployeeandpersquarefoot.Thebigchallengeistomakesurethatthepeoplecomingintothestoreactuallybuystuffandresearchsuggeststhatnotscrimpingonpayrolliscrucial.InastudypublishedattheWhartonSchool,MarshallFisher,JayanthKrishnan,andSergueiNetessinelookedatdetailedsalesdatafromaretailerwithmorethanfivehundredstores,andfoundthateverydollarinadditionalpayrollledtosomewherebetweenfourandtwenty-eightdollarsinnewsales.Storesthatwereunderstaffedtobeginwithbenefitedmore,storesthatwereclosetofullystaffedbenefittedlessbut,inallcases,spendingmoreonworkerslettohighersales.Astudylastyearofabigapparelchainfoundthatincreasingthenumberofpeopleworkinginstoresledtoasignificantincreaseinsalesatthosestores.Thereasonsforthisaren’thardtodivine.AsFisher,Krishman,andNetessineshow,customers’needsareprettysimple:theywanttobeabletofindproductsandhelpfulsalespeopleeasily;andtheywanttoavoidlongcheckoutlines.Forawell-staffedstore,that’snoproblem,butifyoudon’thaveenoughpeopleonthefloor,oriftheyaren’twelltrained,customerscaneasilylosepatience.Oneofthebiggestproblemsretailershaveiswhatiscalleda“Phantomstock-out.”That’swhenaproductisinthestorebutcan’tbefound.Worker-friendlyretailerswithmoreemployeeshavefewerphantomstock-outs,whichleadstomoresales.Andhappyworkerstendtostickaround,whichsavesthecostsassociatedwithemployeeturnover,likehiringandtraining.[單選題]2.AccordingtoParagraph3,whatfactdoesthestudybyMarshallFisherandotherresearchershighlight?A.LowlaborcostiscrucialforaretailerB.Under-staffedstoresmakemoreprofitsC.HigherwagestotheworkerswillpayoffinthelongrunD.Moreprofitswillbegainedfromemployingfewerworkers正確答案：C參考解析：本題考查事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為：根據(jù)文章第三自然段，馬歇爾·費(fèi)舍爾和其他研究人員的研究強(qiáng)調(diào)了什么事實(shí)？根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“MarshallFisher”定位到文章第三段第三句Storesthatwereunderstaffedtobeginwithbenefitedmore,storesthatwereclosetofullystaffedbenefitedless,but,inallcases,spendingmoreonworkersledtohighersales.（那些原本人手不足的商店受益更多，那些員工接近滿員的商店受益較少，但在所有情況下，在工人身上花更多錢會(huì)帶來更高的銷售額）。C項(xiàng)Higherwagestotheworkerswillpayoffinthelongrun.意為“從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看，提高工人工資是有好處的”符合句意。C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)：Lowlaborcostiscrucialforaretailer.意為“低勞動(dòng)力成本對(duì)零售商來說是至關(guān)重要的”。與題干不符，排除。B項(xiàng)：Under-staffedstoresmakemoreprofits.意為“人手不足的商店利潤(rùn)更高”。與題干不符，排除。D項(xiàng)：Moreprofitswillbegainedfromemployingfewerworkers.意為“雇傭更少的工人可以獲得更多的利潤(rùn)”。與題干不符，排除。故正確答案為C。Overthepastdecade,theJapanesefashionchainUniqlohasbecomeamongthemostsuccessfulretailersintheworld.Itssuccessisdueinalargeparttothefactthatithasfoundawaytosellbasicstuffthatisnotonlyaffordablestylishanddurable.Andthere’ssomethingelsethatmakesUniqlodistinctive:ithiresalotofpeople,andspendsalotoftimetrainingthem.WhenthecompanyopeneditsflagshipFifthAvenuestorelastfall,ithiredsixhundredandfiftypeople,andpledgedtohavefourhundredpeopleworkingthereatonetime.Thisisnotthewaymostretailersdobusiness.Thegenerationdogmainrecentdecadeshasbeenthat,inordertocompeteonprice,youneedtokeeplaborcostsdown-hiringasfewworkersasyoucangetawaywithandpayingthemaslittleaspossible.Althoughleannessisgenerallyagoodthinginbusiness.Toomuchcost-cuttingturnsouttobeabadstrategy,notonlyforworkersandcustomersbutalsoforbusinessthemselves.ArecentHarvardBusinessReviewstudybyZeynepTon,andMITprofessor,lookedatfourlow-priceretailers:Costco,TraderJoe’s.Theconvenience-storechainQuikTrip,andaSpanishsupermarketchaincalledMercadona.Thesecompanieshavemuchhigherlaborcoststhattheircompetitors.Theypaytheiremployeesmore;theyhavemorefull-timeworkersandmoresalespeopleonthefloor;andtheyinvestmoreintrainingthem.(AtQuikTrip,evenpart-timeemployeesgetfortyhoursoftraining.)Notsurprisingly,thesestoresarebetterplacestowork.What’smoresurprisingisthattheyhavemoreprofitablethanmostoftheircompetitorsandhavemoresalesperemployeeandpersquarefoot.Thebigchallengeistomakesurethatthepeoplecomingintothestoreactuallybuystuffandresearchsuggeststhatnotscrimpingonpayrolliscrucial.InastudypublishedattheWhartonSchool,MarshallFisher,JayanthKrishnan,andSergueiNetessinelookedatdetailedsalesdatafromaretailerwithmorethanfivehundredstores,andfoundthateverydollarinadditionalpayrollledtosomewherebetweenfourandtwenty-eightdollarsinnewsales.Storesthatwereunderstaffedtobeginwithbenefitedmore,storesthatwereclosetofullystaffedbenefittedlessbut,inallcases,spendingmoreonworkerslettohighersales.Astudylastyearofabigapparelchainfoundthatincreasingthenumberofpeopleworkinginstoresledtoasignificantincreaseinsalesatthosestores.Thereasonsforthisaren’thardtodivine.AsFisher,Krishman,andNetessineshow,customers’needsareprettysimple:theywanttobeabletofindproductsandhelpfulsalespeopleeasily;andtheywanttoavoidlongcheckoutlines.Forawell-staffedstore,that’snoproblem,butifyoudon’thaveenoughpeopleonthefloor,oriftheyaren’twelltrained,customerscaneasilylosepatience.Oneofthebiggestproblemsretailershaveiswhatiscalleda“Phantomstock-out.”That’swhenaproductisinthestorebutcan’tbefound.Worker-friendlyretailerswithmoreemployeeshavefewerphantomstock-outs,