PAGEPAGE7單元加餐練(一)Ⅰ.閱讀理解LouisPasteurwasaworld-famousFrenchchemistandbiologist.Heisparticularlyfamousforhisworkonrabiesvaccine(狂犬病疫苗).Therabiesvirusentersthebodythroughthebiteofaninfectedanimalorthroughinfectedsalivaenteringanexistingwound.Afterexperimentingwiththesalivaofanimalssufferingfromthedisease,Pasteurconcludedthatthediseaserestsinthecentralnervoussystemofthebody.Bystudyingthetissuesofinfectedanimals—rabbits,Pasteurwasabletoproduceaformofthevirus.Thiscouldbeusedforinoculation(接種).OnJuly6,1885,Pasteurtestedhispioneeringrabiesvaccineonamanforthefirsttime.HesavedthelifeofayoungmancalledJosephMeisterwhohadbeenbittenbyarabiddog.Pasteurwasurgedtotreathimwithhisnewmethod.Thetreatmentlasted10daysandattheendherecoveredandremainedhealthy.Sincethenthousandshavebeensavedbythistreatment.InMarch1886,PasteurwasinvitedtopresenthisresultstotheAcademyofSciencesandin1888wentontofoundthePasteurInstituteinParis.Thiswasapioneeringclinicforthestudyofinfectiousdiseases,thetreatmentofrabiesandacentreforteaching.Pasteurdirectedtheinstitutepersonallyuntilhedied.ThePasteurInstituteisstilloneofthemostimportantcentresintheworld.Pasteurbecameanationalheroandwashonoredinmanyways.HediedatSaint-CloudonSeptember28,1895andwasgivenastatefuneralattheCathedralofNotreDame.ModificationsofthePasteurmethodarestillusedinrabiestreatmenttoday.Anewervaccinewhichcontainsviruspreparedfromhumancellsgrowninthelaboratoryissaferandrequiresashortercourseofinjections.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。路易斯·巴斯德是一位聞名的化學(xué)家和生物學(xué)家，他最大的成就是獨(dú)創(chuàng)了狂犬病疫苗。1．Apersoncandeveloprabies．A．ifheisbittenbyarabbitB．ifhetouchesinfectedsalivaC．ifinfectedsalivaentershiswoundsD．ifhetouchesaninfectedanimal解析：選C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段其次句可知，人類感染狂犬病的途徑有兩種，一種是被已傳染性動(dòng)物咬傷；另一種是通過(guò)傳染性唾液進(jìn)入傷口。對(duì)比原文信息可知，C項(xiàng)指的是其次種途徑。2．WhatcanwelearnaboutPasteur'stestofhisvaccineontheman?A．Themanwassenttoaclinictendayslater.B．Itdidn'tsavetheman'slife.C．Itprovedtobeagreatsuccess.D．Themanwashissecondpatient.解析：選C推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第三段可知，路易斯·巴斯德第一次在人類身上試驗(yàn)自己的疫苗就獲得了成功。故C項(xiàng)正確。3．AfterPasteurdied,thePasteurInstitute．A．workedmuchbetterthanbeforeB．workedwelluntiltodayC．continuedtobeinbusinessformanyyearsD．becamethemostimportantcentreintheworld解析：選B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段最終兩句可知，路易斯·巴斯德死后，其探討中心到今日為止仍舊是世界上最重要的探討中心之一。故巴斯德探討所運(yùn)行良好。所以B項(xiàng)正確。4．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Pasteur'srabiesvaccineisoutofdate.B．Anewrabiesvaccinehasalreadybeentestedonpatients.C．Injectionsofvaccinestilltakemuchtime.D．Muchimprovementhasbeenmadeonrabiesvaccine.解析：選D推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段可知，改進(jìn)過(guò)的巴斯德方法到今日仍舊在運(yùn)用，新的疫苗比舊的更加先進(jìn)，因此推斷D項(xiàng)正確。Ⅱ.完形填空RunningforaDreamIwillneverforgettheNovemberday.Itwashotterthannormal.Thiswasthe1myfatherandIhadwaitedsolongfor,becausewehadbeenworkingtowardsthisraceforthreeyears.Dozensoffamiliarfacesfromchurchandschoolflashedacrossmyview.Theyhadcomeforme.Isawworryandexcitementonmyfather'sface.Thentheracebegan!Forthefirsttwoandahalfmiles,Ifelt2.Ihadneverbeforebeensoreadyforsomething.Theweeksleadinguptotheracewerefilledwithcontrolled3andastrictdiet.Myfriendshadn'tseenmeinweeks,buttheyunderstoodthe4requiredtomakemydreamareality.Asinallofmyraces,Ididn't5outinthefront.Ilovedthepleasureofpassingpeopleasmystrengthovertooktheirprematurespeed.Thenwithoutwarning,mystrengthbegantodecrease.Neckandneckwithoneofmygreatestcompetitors,Icouldseethefinishline.Ihadbegunthefinaldashinto6whenmykneesbecameweakandmylegsgaveway.NothingIcoulddowouldmakethem7weight.Iwatchedasrunnersrushedbyme.AlthoughIknewmydreamsofvictoryweredestroyed,Ihadtofinishtherace.However,mylegshurtbadly.Withallofthe8leftinme,Igotonmyhandsandkneesandcrawled(爬),inchbyinch，acrossthefinishline.Voices,both9andfamiliar,cheeredmeon.Theygavemethecouragetokeep10untiltheveryend.Thedoctorswerethereinseconds,butmyeyessearchedthecrowdforhim.TherewasonlyonepersonIwantedto11to.Iwhispered,“I'msosorry,Dad,I'msosorryI12you.”Helookedatme,saying,“Youcouldneverdisappointme.Sometimesthesethingsjusthappen.Allthatmattersisthatyoudidyourbest.”“Butweworkedso13.Whataboutourdream？”Hereachedoverformyhandandsaid,“Don'tyouknowthatyouaremydreamandithascometrue？”Itwasn'tlongbeforemyrunningshoeswerebackon,markinga14pathformyjourney.Ilearnedthatallofthemiles,thetears,thesweat,andthepainmydadandIexperiencedtogetherwerenotfora15.WhatIrealised,though,wasthattohimIwasthegreatestprizehehadeverwon.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者為競(jìng)賽做了許多打算，但是在競(jìng)賽的最終關(guān)頭，腿部受傷。他堅(jiān)持爬到了終點(diǎn)，雖然他沒(méi)有贏得競(jìng)賽，但是他知道父親和他一起經(jīng)驗(yàn)的眼淚、汗水和苦痛不僅僅是簡(jiǎn)潔地為了一場(chǎng)跑步競(jìng)賽而努力，而是為了實(shí)現(xiàn)幻想而努力。通過(guò)這次競(jìng)賽，作者對(duì)人生有了更深刻的感悟。1．A.dream B．weatherC．result D．day解析：選D依據(jù)第一段第一句IwillneverforgettheNovemberday.可知，作者和父親始終在等待這一天。句意：這是我的父親和我等待已久的一天(day)，因?yàn)槲覀優(yōu)檫@場(chǎng)競(jìng)賽一起努力了三年。2．A.proud B．greatC．nervous D．a(chǎn)fraid解析：選B依據(jù)下一句Ihadneverbeforebeensoreadyforsomething.可知，作者覺(jué)得為這次競(jìng)賽打算得很充分，所以剛起先跑的時(shí)候作者感覺(jué)很好。句意：前兩英里半，我感覺(jué)很好(great)。3．A.programs B．studiesC．instructions D．practices解析：選D依據(jù)上文wehadbeenworkingtowardsthisrace可知，作者始終在為競(jìng)賽而努力訓(xùn)練。句意：在競(jìng)賽前的幾個(gè)星期里，都是在有限制的練習(xí)(practices)和嚴(yán)格的飲食下進(jìn)行。4．A.sacrifice B．potentialC．patience D．a(chǎn)ttention解析：選A句意：我的摯友們幾個(gè)星期沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)我了，但是他們明白要讓我的幻想成真是要作出犧牲(sacrifice)的。5．A.look B．moveC．start D．come解析：選C依據(jù)下一句lovedthepleasureofpassingpeople可知，作者競(jìng)賽剛起先的時(shí)候并沒(méi)有領(lǐng)先，后來(lái)才漸漸超過(guò)其他人。句意：在我全部的競(jìng)賽中，我都不在起先(start)時(shí)就領(lǐng)先。6．A.relief B．spiritC．pleasure D．glory解析：選D依據(jù)上一句Icouldseethefinishline可知，作者快到終點(diǎn)，要做最終的沖刺了，很快就能取得成功，獲得榮譽(yù)。句意：我已經(jīng)起先最終的沖刺，奔向榮耀(glory)，這時(shí)我的膝蓋起先發(fā)軟，雙腿起先顫抖。7．A.give B．feelC．hold D．a(chǎn)dd解析：選C依據(jù)上一句mykneesbecameweakandmylegsgaveway可知，作者腿發(fā)軟，站不起來(lái)，無(wú)法讓雙腿支撐住自己身體的重量。句意：無(wú)論我做什么，都無(wú)法讓雙腿支撐(hold)住我身體的重量。8．A.trust B．emotionC．strength D．confidence解析：選C依據(jù)上一句mylegshurtbadly可知，作者腿疼得厲害，只能用完全力，爬向終點(diǎn)。句意：我用完了全部的力氣(strength)，雙手雙膝跪地，一寸一寸地爬過(guò)終點(diǎn)線。9．A.loud B．foreignC．soft D．firm解析：選B依據(jù)語(yǔ)境，此處foreign和familiar相對(duì)，意為“生疏的”。句意：生疏的(foreign)和熟識(shí)的聲音都為我加油。10．A.going B．runningC．fighting D．training解析：選Akeepgoing表示“接著堅(jiān)持，接著前進(jìn)”。句意：他們給了我志氣，讓我接著前進(jìn)(going)到最終。11．A.refer B．talkC．listen D．a(chǎn)gree解析：選B依據(jù)下一句Iwhispered可知，作者只想對(duì)父親說(shuō)對(duì)不起。句意：我只想和一個(gè)人說(shuō)話(talk)。12．A.frightened B．disturbedC．disappointed D．bored解析：選C依據(jù)下文父親說(shuō)的話Youcouldneverdisappointme.可知答案。句意：我低聲說(shuō)：“對(duì)不起，爸爸，我讓你悲觀(disappointed)了。”13．A.late B．hardC．closely D．quickly解析：選B依據(jù)上文becausewehadbeenworkingtowardsthisraceforthreeyears可知，作者認(rèn)為為了實(shí)現(xiàn)父親和他的幻想，自己很努力了。句意：但是我們這么努力(hard)。我們的幻想呢？14．A.new B．nearC．rough D．narrow解析：選A依據(jù)空前Itwasn'tlongbeforemyrunningshoeswerebackon可知，作者沒(méi)過(guò)多久又重新訓(xùn)練，起先了新的征程。句意：沒(méi)過(guò)多久，我又穿上了跑鞋，標(biāo)記著我又起先新的(new)征程。15．A.wish B．dutyC．rank D．race解析：選D文章標(biāo)題是RunningforaDream，作者和父親一起跑步不是簡(jiǎn)潔地為了一場(chǎng)競(jìng)賽而努力，而是為了實(shí)現(xiàn)幻想而努力。句意：我知道了我所跑過(guò)的里程、眼淚、汗水，還有我父親和我一起經(jīng)驗(yàn)的苦痛，并不是為了一場(chǎng)競(jìng)賽(race)。Ⅲ.讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)閱讀下面材料，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Onceuponatime,adaughtercomplainedtoherfatherthatherlifewasmiserableandthatshedidn'tknowhowshewasgoingtomakeit.Shewastiredoffightingandstrugglingallthetime.Itseemedjustasoneproblemwassolved,anotheronesoonfollowed.Herfather,achef,tookhertothekitchen.Hefilledthreepotswithwaterandplacedeachonahighfire.Oncethethreepotsbegantoboil,heplacedpotatoesinonepot,eggsinthesecondpotandgroundcoffeebeansinthethirdpot.Hethenletthemsitandboil,withoutsayingawordtohisdaughter.Thedaughtercomplainedandimpatientlywaited，wonderingwhathewasdoing.Aftertwentyminutes,heturnedofftheburners.Hetookthepotatoesoutofthepotandplacedtheminabowl.Hepulledtheeggsoutandplacedtheminabowl.Hethenladled(舀)thecoffeeoutandplaceditinacup.Turningtoher，heasked，“Daughter，whatdoyousee？”“Potatoes,eggsandcoffee，”shequicklyreplied.“Lookcloser，”hesaid，“andtouchthepotatoes.”Shedidandnotedthattheyweresoft.Hethenaskedhertotakeaneggandbreakit.Afterpullingofftheshell,sheobservedthehard-boiledegg.Finally,heaskedhertosipthecoffee.Itsricharoma(芳香)broughtasmiletoherface.“Father,whatdoesthismean？”sheasked.Hethenexplainedthatthepotatoes，theeggsandthecoffeebeanshadeachfacedthesameboilingwater.However，theyreacteddifferently.Thepotatoeswentinstrong,hard,butintheboilingwater,theybecamesoftandweak.Theeggswerefragile(易碎的)，withthethinoutershellprotectingtheirliquidinsideuntiltheywereputintheboilingwater.Thentheinsideoftheeggsbecamehard.However,thegroundcoffeebeanswereunique.Aftertheywereexposedtotheboilingwater,theychangedthewaterandcreatedsomethingnew.“Whichoneareyou？”heaskedhisdaughter.“Whenthedisasterknocksonyourdoor,howdoyourespond？Areyouapotato,anegg,oracoffeebean？”留意：1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2．請(qǐng)按如下格式作答?！癋ather，Iwanttobeacoffeebean，”saidthedaughter，Int