Unit3TheInternetDiscoveringUsefulStructuresAnalyzetheformandfeatureofthepresentperfectpassivevoice;Findoutthedifferencesinmeaningandfunctionbetweentheactiveandpassiveforms;Masterthefunctionofthepresentperfectpassivevoiceinthecontextanduseitinrealsituations.Teachingobjectives挑事兒：Youhitme!Comeandhelpme!Iwashit/beaten.一、結(jié)構(gòu)：be+doneThepassivevoice

被動(dòng)語態(tài)二、意義：被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。

Lead-in--Review以上句子中所使用的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)是

?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)Anenemyhasbeenslained.一名敵人被擊殺。Anally(同盟國(guó)，盟友)

hasbeenslained.我方隊(duì)友被擊殺。Youhavebeenslained.你被擊殺了。Lead-in1.以上句子中所使用的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)是

。2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)為：

?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)have/hasbeen＋過去分詞Anenemyhasbeenslained.一名敵人被擊殺。Anallyhasbeenslained.我方隊(duì)友被擊殺。Youhavebeenslained.你被擊殺了。Observetheexamplesentencesandsummarizethestructuresofthepresentperfectpassivevoice.PresentationWhatisPresentPerfecttense?present(now)futurepastPresentPerfectTense

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)主語+have/has+V-過去分詞(done)助動(dòng)詞,無意義注：主語若是第三人稱單數(shù)助動(dòng)詞用hasPresentationIhavedownloadedthesoftwaretohelpmyphonebatterylastlonger.Someonehaslostanidentitycard.Thesoftwarehasbeendownloadedtohelpmyphonebatterylastlonger.Anidentitycardhasbeenlost.PresentationHaveyouconfirmedtheWi-Fipassword?Haveyoupressedthebuttonyettocopythefile?Hasanyonemadeacommentabouttheonlinedatabase?HastheWi-Fipasswordbeenconfirmed?Hasthebuttonbeenpressedyettocopythefile?Hasa/anycommentbeenmadeabouttheonlinedatabase?Presentation1.ThepartyhasbeenplannedsincetheNewYear.2.Manynewbuildingshavebeenbuiltinthepastfewyears.3.Theexperimenthasbeendonesuccessfully.

4.Themachinehasbeenrepairedfortwohours.5.Ihaven’tseenJamieintwomonths.6.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepast10years.FindthepresentperfectpassivestructuresJan’slifehasbeengreatlyimprovedbytheInternet.TheInternethasgreatlyimprovedJan’slife.MuchhasbeenwrittenaboutthewondersoftheWorldWideWeb.PeoplehavewrittenmuchaboutthewondersoftheWorldWideWeb.passivevoicepassivevoiceactivevoiceactivevoiceReadthepairsofsentences.Underlineandcomparethedifferentverbforms.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法1．動(dòng)作在說話之前已完成，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，常與之連用的時(shí)間狀語為：already;yet(否定和疑問句);just;ever;recently；sincethen；foralongtime；lately等。We’vedonealotofworkonit,butwe______________(finish)yet.havenotfinishedTheletter

(post)already.hasbeenpostedExplanation2.表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)開始于過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且有可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去。常與之連用的時(shí)間狀語有：for+一段時(shí)間；since+過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間/時(shí)間狀語從句;sofar;upto/till/bynow;thesedays;overtime;over/induringthepast/recentyears.Tom________________(work)inthelibraryeverynightoverthelastthreemonths.hasbeenworkingThemachine

(repair)fortwohoursbutitstilldoesn’twork.hasbeenrepairedExplanation3.用在時(shí)間或條件狀語從句中，表示將來某時(shí)已完成的動(dòng)作，即用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)代替將來完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。Youshouldn'tleaveschoolbeforeyourhomeworkhasbeenfinished.Everyonewillfeelextremelydelightedifhe_________________(admit)toSouthChinaNormalUniversity.hasbeenadmittedExplanation注意事項(xiàng)1.與一般過去時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的區(qū)別。一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)所表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)與現(xiàn)在的情況沒有聯(lián)系，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)則強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在的情況有聯(lián)系。Theparkwasopenedtothepubliclastyear.去年這個(gè)公園向公眾開放。（說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生于過去）Theparkhasbeenopenedtothepublic.這個(gè)公園已向公眾開放。（說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，但對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響，即現(xiàn)在公園已經(jīng)向公眾開放了）Attentions2.由finish,buy,start,begin,post,return,borrow,marry,open等詞構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),不能與表示段時(shí)間的狀語，如forfourdays,howlong等連用，而要改換動(dòng)詞或者是時(shí)態(tài)。判斷正誤:Hehasdiedfor3years.（）

Hedied3yearsago.（）TFAttentions3.帶有雙賓語的動(dòng)詞，如give,send,bring,take,teach,show,tell,make,sing,write,read,sell,buy,pay,lend,pass,promise等，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，將間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，若將直接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z時(shí)，間接賓語前面要用相應(yīng)的介詞短語。Thecompanyhasgivenhimachancetoworkabroadrecently.→Hehasbeengivenachancetoworkabroadrecently(bythecompany).→Achancetoworkabroadhasbeengiventohimrecently(bythecompany).Attentions4.短語動(dòng)詞不能分割，而且不能省略短語動(dòng)詞中的介詞或副詞。判斷正誤:

Thepatienthasbeentakengoodcare.(

)Thepatienthasbeentakengoodcareof.()XV5.副詞的位置：often,usually,always,never,hardly,seldom等副詞置于have/has和been中間Suchamanhashardlybeenbelieved.Themachinehasalreadybeenrepaired.Attentions5.并不是所有的動(dòng)詞都有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如happen,occur,takeplace,breakout,belongto,cost,last等不及物動(dòng)詞或詞組，就沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。TaiwanbelongstoChina.Thecoatcostme￥300.6.主動(dòng)語態(tài)中作賓語補(bǔ)足語的不帶to的不定式，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)時(shí)，要加上to。Theengineermade

therobotcleanthewindowsofthetallbuilding.Therobotwasmadetocleanthewindowsofthetallbuilding.Attentions1.找時(shí)：找與現(xiàn)在完成相對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)間狀語；2.圈主：主語與動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系；3.定謂：確定謂動(dòng)形式：have/has(not)beendone?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的解題步驟現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)含義結(jié)構(gòu)表示過去發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完

成或仍將持續(xù),強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響have/hasbeendone形式肯定式否定式疑問式have/hasbeendonehave/hasnotbeendoneHave/Has+主語+beendone?特殊疑問詞+have/has+主語+beendone?用法表示已經(jīng)完成的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作表示開始于過去并可能持續(xù)下去的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作在時(shí)間狀從,條件狀從中,表示還未發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作注意事項(xiàng)區(qū)分have/hasbeendone/bebeingdone/bedone不及物動(dòng)詞或詞組無被動(dòng)Summary1.We’vedonealotofworkonit,butwe_______________(finish)yet.2.Tom________________(work)inthelibraryeverynightoverthelastthreemonths.3.Morepublictransport_____________(build)inChina,makingiteasierforpeopletotravel.4.Progress_________(be)sofarverygoodandwearesurethattheworkwillbefinishedontime.5._____________(eat)atthecafeteriabefore,Tinadidn’twanttoeatthereagain.havenotfinishedhasbeenworkinghasbeenbuilthasbeenHavingeaten

Practice6.Noagreement____________(reach)yesterdayaftermanyroundsoftalks.7.Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks,noagreement_______________(reach)sofarbythetwosides.8.I________________(show)aroundtheWaterCubeformanytimessinceitwasbuilt.9._________________(show)aroundtheWaterCube,wewerethentakentoseetheBird’sNestforthe2008OlympicGames.wasreachedhasbeenreachedhavebeenshownHavingbeenshown

Practice10.Whenyougetthepapersback,payspecialattentiontowhat

(mark).

11.Inrecentyearsmanysportsclubs

(run)tomakeaprofit.

12.IwanttobuythiskindofclothbecauseI

.

(tell)thattheclothwasheswell.

13.Overthepasttenyears,thistown

(hit)twicebyearthquakes.

hasbeenmarkedhavebeenrunhavebeentold

hasbeenhit

Practice14.Alotofdamage

(cause)byasnowstormwhichhitthenorthofthecountrylastnight.

15.Ilikethesesongsverymuchwhich

.

(teach)recentlyontheradio.

16.Whenandwhereou