UNIT1SCIENCEFICTION第課時把關(guān)練PartIIIUsingLanguage基礎(chǔ)知識練Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Iaskedmyniecetof（去拿來）ahandkerchiefformefrommylivingroom.2.Peoplewhoaredoingphysicall（勞動）herehavetowearleatherglovesbecauseitistoocold.3.Afterenteringtheroom，theoldmanlitthelampandbegantopaceb（向后）andforwards.4.Duringthenextfewmonthsinthecity，Ibegantoexperiencelifeatamaximump（速度）.5.Atnight，myniecewenttobedearlybecausethefueltolightthel（燈）wascostly.6.Thistestprovestherandomeffectmodeliss（更好的）tothefixedeffectmodel.7.Accordingtotherule，thepanelisselectedatr（隨機(jī)的）fromtherepresentatives.8.It’scalculatedthat150peopleisthem（最大極限的）numberofmeaningfulconnectionsanyonecanhave.Ⅱ.用所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空conflictwith，besidethepoint，haveanurgeto，takeover，beadaptedinto，remind...of，ontheotherhand，prosandcons，superiorto，turnout1.Wasitin1948thattheGovernmenttherailwaysinGreatBritain?2.Theysatforhoursdebatingtheofsettinguptheirownfirm.3.Itcannotbequestionedthatthenewmethodistheoldone.4.ThefictionaTVseriesandbecameanationalhottopicforquitesometime.5.Myniece’sopinionsmineonwhichmajortochoose.6.Writeanoutlinebeforeyoustartwritingthearticle，oryouwouldeasilywritesomethingthatis.7.Shesimplywelcomedhimandhimthelastappointmenttheyhadmade.8.Ontheonehand，weshoulddevelopoureconomy；，weshouldprotecttheenvironment.9.ThegamesmyparentstaughtmewhenIwasachildtobeveryusefullaterinmylife.10.Thevacationiscomingandmyniecetravelaroundthecountry.Ⅲ.單句語法填空1.Thegirl’smotherwasunabletokeeppacewithherdueillness.2.Sixty-fivemaybeoutofdateasthe（divide）linebetweenmiddleageandoldage.3.JustasIbentovertopickupthelever，themachine（explode）behindme.4.BeforeIknewitanhourhadpassedanditwastimetomoveonlunch.5.Everyyear，makesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.6.Intheafternoon，IaskedUnclePaulifIcouldtakeahorseride，andhesaidyes，aslongmydadwentwithme.7.Thesaleswoman（trick）outofherlifesavingsbecauseofgreedypersonality.8.Silk（handkerchief）embroideredbyhandsellwellintheWesternmarket.Ⅳ.練通句型【一句多譯】1.他們突然意識到有人在瞧著他們。①Theysuddenly.（becomeawareof）②Theysuddenly.（becomeawarethat）2.他如此沉浸于書中以至于忽略了周圍發(fā)生的一切。①Hewasthatwasgoingonaroundhim.（so...that）②Hewasthatwasgoingonaroundhim.（so...asto）3.有人建議天資好的孩子提前參加考試。①brightchildrenshouldtakeexamsearly.（suggest，賓語從句）②brightchildrenshouldtakeexamsearly.（suggest，主語從句）③brightchildrenshouldtakeexamsearly.（suggestion，表語從句）Ⅴ.微寫作根據(jù)下列提示，介紹一下科幻小說《流浪地球》。要求80詞左右。1.《流浪地球》是中國當(dāng)代科幻作家劉慈欣的小說。（sciencefiction）2.它講述了一個故事，即將消亡的太陽成為地球的主要威脅，人類拯救地球但并沒有離開它。（athreatto）3.世界各地有強(qiáng)烈求生欲望的人們建造了一個巨大的引擎系統(tǒng)，把地球從即將消亡的太陽那里推開。（urge）4.《流浪地球》被認(rèn)為是一部表現(xiàn)中國人與家園緊密聯(lián)系的小說。（beregardedas）句型：“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語從句________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________能力提升練VI.

課文語法填空SeveraloperationsstartedmyjourneyintheTimeMachine.“Howtimeflies!”canneverbetooappropriate1.（describe）thetimejourney.Thelaboratorywenthazyaroundmeandmyniece2.cameintofetchsomethingmovedlikearockettome.Nightanddayalternated3.（frequent）anditfeltlike4.（speed）alongawindingroad.Treesandbuildingsgrewanddisappearedinaninstant.It5.（estimate）thatItravelledattherateofhundredsofyearsperminute.IwasworriedthatiftheTimeMachinecameto6.stopandthesamespacewastakenupbysomethingelse，therewouldbeacrashand7.（explode）.ButIstillstoppedallofasuddenand8.（throw）outoftheTimeMachine，9.（sit）onthegroundbesideitintherain.Ijokinglyregardedit10.afriendlywelcometoatravellerwhohadtravelledthousandsofyearstobethere!

VII.

閱讀理解ACanasmallgroupofdrones（無人機(jī)）guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand，atthesametime，helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?Thatistheverylikelyfutureofapplyingtoday’s“eyesinthesky”technologytomakingsurethatthemillionsofkilometresofrailtracksandinfrastruc-ture（基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）worldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7basis.Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tensionelectricallines.Theycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.Themoreregularlytheycanbeinspected，themorerailwaysafety，reliabilityandon-timeperformancewillbeimproved.Costswouldbecutandoperationswouldbemoreefficient（高效）acrosstheboard.Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance，includingsendingmaintenancestaff，oftenatnight，toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastruc-ture.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrews’efforts.Byusingthelatesttechnologies，dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-valueservicesforrail-ways，detectingfaultsintherailorswitches，beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.Toperformthesetasks，dronesforraildon’tneedtobeflyingoverhead.Engineersarenowworkingonanewconcept：theraildronesofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain，andprogrammedtorunautonomously.VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead，theycouldsignalanyproblem，sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.1.Whatmakestheapplicationofdronestoraillinespossible?A.Theuseofdronesincheckingonpowerlines. B.Drones’abilitytoworkathighaltitudes.C.Thereductionofcostindesigningdrones. D.Drones’reliableperformanceinremoteareas.2.Whatdoes“maintenance”underlinedinparagraph3referto?A.Personnelsafety. B.Assistancefromdrones.C.Inspectionandrepair. D.Constructionofinfrastructure.3.Whatfunctionisexpectedoftheraildrones?A.Toprovideearlywarning. B.Tomaketrainsrunautomatically.C.Toearnprofitsforthecrews. D.Toacceleratetransportation.4.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhatFaultsCanBeDetectedwithDrones B.HowProductionofDronesCanBeExpandedC.WhatDifficultyDroneDevelopmentWillFace D.HowDronesWillChangetheFutureofRailwaysBInrecentyears，BostonDynamicshasbecomeknownfortwothings.Oneiscreatingrobotswhosemovementsmimic（模仿）humansandanimals.Manyfindtheiraccuracysurprisingandconcerning.Thesecondreasonispostingmysteriousvideosoftheserobotsonlinewithoutwarning.Thevideosquicklygopopularandspreadamixtureofexcitementandterrorovertherapidriseofself-operatingmachines.Thecompanyhasmadefour-leggedrobotsinrecentyears，withnameslikeSpot，WildCatandBigDog.Theserobotscandotaskssuchasopeningdoors，carryingheavyloadsandrunningnearly20milesperhour.Thecompany’smostpopularproductappearstobeAtlas，theroboticathlete.ItcallsAtlas“theworld’smostdynamichumanlikerobot”.Therobotisguidedby3Dvision.ItalsousesLiDAR，shortforLightDetectionAndRanging，asensor（傳感器）thatusesalaser（激光）tomeasurethedistancebetweenobjects.Withthistechnology，thesmallrobotcanpullnearly25pounds.ThecompanysaysAtlascanalsohandleobjectsinitsenvironment，crossroughland，keepitsbalancewhenpushedandgetbackupwhenknockeddown.Threeyearsago，Atlaswasrecordedclumsilywalkingthroughthesnowataslowspeed.CuriosityaboutAtlasincreasedlastyearwhenBostonDynamicspostedavideocliponYouTube.Init，thepreviouslyawkwardrobotwentforajoginagrassyarea.Thevideoseemedtosurprisemanyviewers，includingthenewspapercalledDailyMail.ThenewspaperwasreportingonAtlas’sphysicalaccomplishmentatthetime.Thepaperwrote，“Ifyouthoughtyou’dbeabletorunawayfromtheterrifyingnewrobots，badnews.”5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Robotsmimickinghumansandanimalsgopopular.B.BostonDynamicsislikelytocreatemorenewrobots.C.Humanlikerobotsaredevelopingatasurprisingspeed.D.Anewvideoofthelatestrobotsmakespeopleamused.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“awkward”inParagraph4mean?A.Dangerous. B.Unskillful. C.Graceful. D.Convenient.7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.It’sbadthatwecanrunawayfromthenewrobots.B.Peoplearehappyabouttheimprovementsofnewrobots.C.Humans’powerovermachinesandrobotshascometoanend.D.Improvementstorobotsraisedconcernamongushumans.8.Wheredoesthepassageprobablycomefrom?A.Asciencemagazine. B.Anadvertisement.C.Children’sliterature. D.Afantasynovel.=8\*ROMANVIII.閱讀理解七選五RobotfooddeliveryisbecomingmoreandmorepopularTherobotswerebeingtestedinlimitednumbersbeforethepandemicstarted.1HundredsoflittlerobotsarerollingaroundcollegesandcitiesintheUnitedStates，Britainandelsewhere.“Wesawdemandforrobotusagejustgothroughtheceiling，”saidAlastairWestgarth.HeistheheadofStarshipTechnologies，whoserobotsrecentlymadetheir2millionthdelivery.Starshiphasdeployed（部署）morethan1，000robots，upfromjust250in2019.2TheyareoperatinginMiltonKeynes，England；Modesto，California；andthecompany’shometownofTallinn，Estonia.Therobotsusecameras，sensorsandGPStomovearoundandevencrossstreetsontheirownatthespeedof8kilometersperhour.Operatorskeepwatchonseveralrobotsatatime，3Whenarobotarrives，peopleenteracodefromtheirphonestoopentherobotandgettheirfood.4Therobotshavetoberechargedregularly.Theyareslowandcannottravelfar.Theywillnotleavefoodatthedoor.DatacompanyNPDfoundthatU.S.fooddeliveryordersincreased66percentfortheyearendinginJune.Anddeliverydemandcouldremainhighevenafterthepandemic，5Itistherighttimeandplaceforcompaniesconcerningrobotstotestthemandlearnfromthemanddotheirownevaluations.A.Therearesomelimitationsfornow.B.Hundredsmorewillbesentoutsoon.C.Theyaredeliveringfoodat20U.S.colleges.D.becausepeoplehavegottenusedtotheservice.E.becauseasthetechnologygetsmorepopular，thecostswillgodown.F.buttheysaytheyrarelyneedtostopormovethemaroundabarrier.G.Butpandemic-relatedworkershortagesandadesireforcontactlessdeliveryhaveexpandedtheiruse.課時把關(guān)練PartIIIUsingLanguage參考答案Ⅰ.1.fetch2.labour3.backwards4.pace5.lamps6.superior7.random8.maximumⅡ.1.tookover2.prosandcons3.superiorto4.wasadaptedinto5.conflictedwith6.besidethepoint7.reminded，of8.ontheotherhand9.turnedout10.hasanurgetoⅢ.1.to句意：這個女孩的母親因病無法跟上她的步伐。dueto因為。2.division句意：65歲作為中年與老年的分界線可能已經(jīng)過時了。3.exploded句意：正當(dāng)我彎腰撿操縱桿時，那臺機(jī)器在我身后爆炸了。4.to句意：不知不覺一個小時過去了，到了該吃午飯的時間了。moveon（tosth.）開始做（別的事）。5.whoever句意：每年，任何一個做出最漂亮的風(fēng)箏的人將會在風(fēng)箏節(jié)獲獎。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，所填的詞引導(dǎo)主語從句并在從句中作主語，所以用whoever。6.as句意：下午，我問保羅叔叔我是否可以騎馬，他說可以，只要我爸爸和我一起去。aslongas只要。7.wastricked句意：由于貪婪的性格，這位女售貨員被騙走了一生的積蓄。tricksb.outofsth.從某人處騙走某物。8.handkerchiefs句意：手繡的絲制手帕在西方市場銷路很好。handkerchief是可數(shù)名詞，前面沒有單數(shù)修飾語，所以用復(fù)數(shù)形式。handkerchief的復(fù)數(shù)形式為handkerchiefs。Ⅳ.1.①becameawareofpeoplelookingatthem②becameawarethatpeoplewerelookingatthembe/becomeawareof和be/becomeawarethat都是“意識到”的含義，of后接名詞或動名詞，that后接從句。2.①soabsorbedinthebookthatheignoredeverything②soabsorbedinthebookastoignoreeverythingso...that和so...asto這兩個結(jié)構(gòu)都是“如此……以至于……”的意思。that后接從句，asto后接動詞原形。3.①Peoplesuggestthat②Itissuggestedthat③People’ssuggestionisthatsuggest作“建議”講用在賓語從句和主語從句中時，從句要使用虛擬語氣。虛擬語氣的構(gòu)成是“sb.shoulddosth.”，其中should可以省略。suggestion作主語用于表語從句中時，從句也使用虛擬語氣，should也可省略。Ⅴ.微寫作Onepossibleversion：TheWanderingEarthisanovelbyLiuCixin，China’scontemporarysciencefictionauthor.IttellsastoryinwhichthedyingSunbecomesamajorthreattotheEarth，butthehumanssavetheEarthwithoutleavingit.PeoplearoundtheworldwhohaveastrongurgetosurvivebuildahugeenginesystemtopushtheEarthawayfromthedyingSun.TheWanderingEarthisregardedasanovelshowingtightlinkbetweenChinesepeopleandtheirhomeland.VI.

1.todescribe句意：“時光飛逝！”用來形容這次時光旅程再合適不過了。canneverbetoo+adj.+todo再怎么樣做也不為過，越……越好。2.who/that空格處引導(dǎo)定語從句，指人，并在從句中作主語，故用who/that。3.frequently副詞修飾動詞，故填frequently。4.speeding句意：……感覺就像是在蜿蜒的道路上加速行駛。feellike后接動名詞作賓語，故填speeding。5.wasestimatedItisestimatedthat...據(jù)估計……it作形式主語，that引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主語。結(jié)合上下文時態(tài)可知，應(yīng)用一般過去時。6.a此處是固定搭配，cometoastop停止。7.explosion冠詞a后面應(yīng)使用名詞，explosionn.爆炸。8.wasthrown此處是說“我”被甩出時光機(jī)，主語I和throw之間是被動關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)；結(jié)合上下文時態(tài)可知，用一般過去時，故填wasthrown。9.sitting現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語，故填sitting。10.as此處是固定搭配，regardsb./sth.as...將某人/某物看作……VII.

A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。應(yīng)用今天的“空中之眼”技術(shù)，無人機(jī)能在保證鐵路安全可靠的同時幫助鐵路運營商每年節(jié)省數(shù)十億歐元。工程師們正在研究一個新概念：未來的鐵路無人機(jī)。配備了先進(jìn)傳感器和人工智能的小型無人機(jī)將在火車前方的軌道上運行，并被設(shè)定為自動運行，可以像副駕駛員一樣引導(dǎo)火車前進(jìn)。1.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tensionelectricallines.Theycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylines...”可知使用無人機(jī)檢查電力線路使無人機(jī)應(yīng)用于鐵路線路成為可能。A項中powerlines是electricallines的同義替換。2.C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)后文“ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance，includingsendingmaintenancestaff，oftenatnight，toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.”可知，花在maintenance上的費用是用于“inspectandrepair（檢查和維修）”，故選C。3.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“...detectingfaultsintherailorswitches，beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.”以及最后一句“...theycouldsignalanyproblem，sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.”可知，無人機(jī)在鐵路引起任何安全問題之前可以檢測其故障，作出預(yù)警，以便高速行駛的火車能及時做出反應(yīng)。4.D標(biāo)題歸納題。文章開頭提出問題：一小群無人機(jī)能否在保證鐵路安全可靠的同時，幫助鐵路運營商每年節(jié)省數(shù)十億歐元？后文通過分段陳述，對這一問題作出了肯定回答。由此可知，文章主要講述了無人機(jī)將如何改變鐵路的未來，所以D項是最合適的標(biāo)題。A項意為“用無人機(jī)能檢測出什么故障”，B項意為“如何擴(kuò)大無人機(jī)的生產(chǎn)”，C項意為“無人機(jī)發(fā)展將面臨什么困難”。B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章以波士頓動力公司發(fā)明的機(jī)器人阿特拉斯為例介紹了類人機(jī)器人正以驚人的速度發(fā)展。5.C主旨大意題。通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)第一段中的“Oneiscreatingrobotswhosemovementsmimichumansandanimals...therapidriseofself-operatingmachines.”可知，本文（以波士頓動力公