2023~2024學(xué)年第二學(xué)期安徽縣中聯(lián)盟高一5月聯(lián)考英語試題考生注意：1.本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項(xiàng)目填寫清楚。3.考生作答時，請將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑；非選擇題請用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanlike?A.Cola.B.Water.C.Orangejuice.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atalibrary.B.Atacinema.C.Atarestaurant.3.Whydoesthewomancalltheman?A.Totellhimsomenews.B.Toaskhimtoplaytennis.CTodiscusstheirhomework.4.WhatisthemangoingtodoonWednesday?A.Watchpandas.B.Gotothelibrary.C.Finishhisproject.5.Whatwillthewomanprobablybuyforherhostfamily?A.Abirthdaycake.B.Ahouseplant.C.Someclothes.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whattimeisitnow?A.3:00pm.B.4:00pm.C.5:00pm.7.Whatarethespeakerslikelytodo?A.Readabook.B.Playagame.C.Makeawish.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatisprobablytheman?A.Adoctor.B.Awriter.C.Anactor.9.Whywasthewomanlate?A.Shemissedthebus.B.Shehadtowork.C.Shelostherticket.10.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A.Sleepy.B.Bored.C.Angry.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.HowlongdidthemanstayinFrance?A.Twodays.B.Fivedays.C.Oneweek.12.Whendidthemangotothehills?A.OnWednesday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnMonday.13.Whatdidthemanbringforthewoman?A.Abook.B.Ascarf.C.ATshirt.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whereisthenewskatepark?A.Neartheswimmingpool.B.Behindtheman'shouse.C.Oppositethecinema.15.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthenewskatepark?A.It'slarge.B.It'snoisy.C.It'squiet.16.Howmuchmoneydoesthewomanhave?A.￡3.B.￡5.C.￡7.17.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoing?A.Goingtoheraunt'sforlunch.B.Visitingtheskateparkearly.C.Meetingeachotherat12:00.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Toexpressthanks.B.Toissueaninvitation.C.Toarrangeaweekendtrip.19.Whendidthesportseventtakeplace?A.InSeptember.B.InOctober.C.InNovember.20.Howmanychildrendidtheorganizationhelplastyear?A.1,300.B.8,000.C.10,000.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThisweekseestheopeningoftheVeniceBiennale,an8monthlongfestivalofartandculturestagedeveryotheryear.WiththemaineventrunningfromApril20toNovember24,2024,here'sourpickofwhattoseeifyouheadtoVenice.WillemdeKooningel’ItaliaOneofthemostinfluentialartistsofthe20thcentury,WillemdeKooningisthesubjectofamajorexhibition(展覽)exploringhistimein1959and1969andtheimpactithadonhisworks.Theshowwillbringtogetheraround75works,makingthisthelargestpresentationoftheartisteverorganizedinItaly.RiseoftheSunkenSunThisphotographyexhibitionbyGreenlandicartistInuuteqStorchmarksthefirsttimethattheDanishPavilionhasshowcasedbothamajorexhibitionbyanartistfromGreenlandandapresentationonphotography.Withover200images,Storch'sprojectaimstotelltheGreenlanders'history,notseenthroughthevisitors'eyes,butthroughtheGreenlanders'own.TheRootedNomadThisexhibitionwillexaminethelifeandworksofM.F.Husain,amodernistpaintercalled“India’sPicasso”.Celebratinghistalentasanartist,thinkerandwriter,theshowexhibitshispaintings,photographs,lettersandpartsfromhisfilmsandpoetrythatshapedhisvisionofIndiaasarichlylayeredculturalnation.TheArchwithintheArcTheexhibitioninItalyofHoustonbasedartistRickLowetakesplaceatPalazzoGrimani,hometoalargecollectionof16thcenturyGreekandRomansculpture(雕像).InspiredbythearchitectureoftheMuseodiPalazzoGrimaniandtheexperienceofmovingthroughVeniceanditswaterways,theexhibitionfeaturesnewpaintingsbyRickLowethatreflecthisconsiderationofthearch(拱)inarchitecture.1.WhatisRiseoftheSunkenSunintendedfor?A.ShowingGreenland'shistory. B.ReflectingStorch'slifeinItaly.C.Praisinganadmirablecharacter. D.AttractingvisitorsfromEurope.2.Whoisregardedas“India'sPicasso”?A.RickLowe. B.M.F.Husain. C.InuuteqStorch. D.WillemdeKooning.3.WhicheventwillyougotoifyouwanttoseethepaintingsinspiredbyVenice?A.TheRootedNomad. B.RiseoftheSunkenSun.C.TheArchwithintheArc. D.WillemdeKooningel’Italia.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了2024年威尼斯雙年展的一些展覽活動和內(nèi)容?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Withover200images,Storch'sprojectaimstotelltheGreenlanders'history,notseenthroughthevisitors'eyes,butthroughtheGreenlanders'own.”（Storch的項(xiàng)目通過200多幅圖片，旨在講述格陵蘭人的歷史，不是通過游客的眼睛，而是通過格陵蘭人自己的眼睛。）可知，RiseoftheSunkenSun這個展覽的目的是展示格陵蘭的歷史。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“ThisexhibitionwillexaminethelifeandworksofM.F.Husain,amodernistpaintercalled“India’sPicasso”.”.（這個展覽將研究M.F.Husain的生活和作品，他是一個被稱為“印度的畢加索”的現(xiàn)代主義畫家。）可知，被譽(yù)為“印度的畢加索”的是M.F.Husain。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“InspiredbythearchitectureoftheMuseodiPalazzoGrimaniandtheexperienceofmovingthroughVeniceanditswaterways,theexhibitionfeaturesnewpaintingsbyRickLowethatreflecthisconsiderationofthearch(拱)inarchitecture.”（受到MuseodiPalazzoGrimani的建筑和在威尼斯及其水道中移動的經(jīng)驗(yàn)的啟發(fā)，展覽展出了RickLowe的新畫作，反映了他對建筑中的拱的考慮。）可知，如果你想看到受威尼斯啟發(fā)的畫作，你應(yīng)該去ArchwithintheArc這個活動。故選C。BP?lSpilling,aNorwegianInternetpioneerwhopassedawayin2018,wasrecognizedasthepersonwhobroughttheInternettolifebytheInternetHallofFamein2021.P?lwasfamousforturningofftheInternetinNorwayin1988whenthefirstwidespreadinfection(感染),whichcouldmakeplentyofcopiesofitselfonthesameputeranddamagesystems,washeadeditsway.P?l'scoworkersintheUnitedStatescalledtowarnhimabouttheinfection.“Itwasabigthing,Iremember,”saysPieterSpilling,P?l'sson.“Hewasquitecalmwhenhegotthephonecall.Thenhedrovetotheofficeandpulledtheplug(插頭).Atthattime,therewasonlyonepointofcontactforthewholecountry——asinglecable(電纜).Andthenwesawhimontelevisiontalkingabouttheinfection.”“Myfatherloveddoingresearch.SincetheInternetwasanewthing,hegotinspiredbytheprojectbecauseofthenewtechnology,”saysPieter.WorkingwithearlyInternetdevelopersPeterKirsteinandVintCerfinthemid1970s,P?lhelpeddevelopTransmissionControlProtocolandInternetProtocol,formingTCP/IP,tomanagemunicationsacrosstheInternet.In1979,P?lalsocontributedtorealtimeInternetspeechandpacketradiomunications.ThoughP?lwasdeeplyinlovewithresearch,equallyasimportanttohimwashisdesiretoconnectandbuildthemunity.P?lvolunteeredinthelocalmunity,contributingtothebuildingofaculturalcenter.Healsoservedforatimeasavolunteeratthelocalschool.AsforwhatP?lwouldthinkoftheInternettoday,Pietersays,“Myfatherdidn’tliketheactofleavingpersonalinformationallovertheplacesothatpeoplecouldtrackyou.HewouldhavebeenquiteworriedaboutthebadsidesoftheInternet,especiallyhowtheInternetcanbeusedtospreadopinionsinsociety.”4.HowdidP?lrespondtotheinfectionin1988?A.Hemadeaphonecalltohissonimmediately. B.HeturnedtohiscoworkersintheUSforhelp.C.Hegavepeopleadvancewarningoftheinfection. D.HedisconnectedNorwayfromtherestoftheInternet.5.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.P?l'sachievementinresearch. B.FamousInternetdevelopers.C.Thefutureofnewtechnology. D.Thechangeinmunication.6.WhydidP?ldovolunteerwork?A.Tobuildhispersonalskills. B.Togetabetterjobatschool.C.Tohelpthelocalmunity. D.Tosetanexampletohisson.7.WhatisP?l'sattitudetotoday'sInternet?A.Positive. B.Concerned. C.Uncaring. D.Unclear.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了挪威互聯(lián)網(wǎng)先驅(qū)P?lSpilling的生平事跡和他對互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的貢獻(xiàn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“P?lwasfamousforturningofftheInternetinNorwayin1988whenthefirstwidespreadinfection(感染)”（1988年，當(dāng)?shù)谝淮螐V泛的感染發(fā)生時，P?l因關(guān)閉挪威的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)而聞名）“以及文章第二段“Hewasquitecalmwhenhegotthephonecall.Thenhedrovetotheofficeandpulledtheplug(插頭).Atthattime,therewasonlyonepointofcontactforthewholecountry——asinglecable(電纜).”（他接到后非常冷靜。然后他開車去了辦公室，拔掉了插頭。那時，全國只有一個接觸點(diǎn)——一根電纜。）可知，P?lSpilling在1988年的病毒感染面前，選擇斷開挪威與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的連接。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“WorkingwithearlyInternetdevelopersPeterKirsteinandVintCerfinthemid1970s,P?lhelpeddevelopTransmissionControlProtocolandInternetProtocol,formingTCP/IP,tomanagemunicationsacrosstheInternet.In1979,P?lalsocontributedtorealtimeInternetspeechandpacketradiomunications.”（在20世紀(jì)70年代中期與早期的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)開發(fā)者PeterKirstein和VintCerf合作，幫助開發(fā)了傳輸控制協(xié)議和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)協(xié)議，形成了TCP/IP，以管理互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的通信。1979年，帕爾帕爾還為實(shí)時互聯(lián)網(wǎng)語音和分組無線電通信做出了貢獻(xiàn)。）可知，本段主要講述了P?lSpilling在研究方面的成就。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“ThoughP?lwasdeeplyinlovewithresearch,equallyasimportanttohimwashisdesiretoconnectandbuildthemunity.P?lvolunteeredinthelocalmunity,contributingtothebuildingofaculturalcenter.Healsoservedforatimeasavolunteeratthelocalschool.”（雖然P?l深深熱愛研究，但對他來說同樣重要的是，他渴望建立聯(lián)系和建立社區(qū)。帕帕爾在當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)做志愿者，為文化中心的建設(shè)做出了貢獻(xiàn)。他還在當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校做過一段時間的志愿者。）可知，P?lSpilling做志愿者工作是為了幫助當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Myfatherdidn’tliketheactofleavingpersonalinformationallovertheplacesothatpeoplecouldtrackyou.HewouldhavebeenquiteworriedaboutthebadsidesoftheInternet,especiallyhowtheInternetcanbeusedtospreadopinionsinsociety.”（我父親不喜歡到處留下個人信息，以便人們可以追蹤你。他會對互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的負(fù)面影響感到非常擔(dān)憂，尤其是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)如何被用來在社會中傳播觀點(diǎn)。）可知，P?lSpilling對今天的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)持擔(dān)憂態(tài)度。故選B。COverthelast40years,90%oftheKingPenguins(企鵝)onafarawayislandhavebeenlost.ThisisespeciallyworryingbecauseitwasthelargestgroupofKingPenguinsintheworld.Penguinslivinginlargegroupsarecalled“colonies”.Andabouthalfoftheworld'sKingPenguinsliveintheCrozetislands,whichliebetweenAntarcticaandthetipofAfrica.In1982,thescientistsvisitedthecolonyononeoftheCrozetislands—thePigIsland.Atthattime,theyfiguredthattherewerearound2millionKingPenguinsthere.Butnow,aftercarefullystudyingimagestakenfromspace,thescientistsbelievethereareonlyabout200,000KingPenguinsleftontheisland.Thescientistsaretryingtofigureoutwhatmighthavecausedtheproblem.Therearesomepartsthattheyunderstand.Forexample,itgotverywarmin1997.Thatmeantthepenguinshadtoswimmuchfarthertogettothecolderwaterwheretheycouldfindtheirfood.Manypenguinscouldn'tfindenoughfoodtofeedtheirbabies.ThatyearwasahardyearforthepenguinsallaroundAntartica,andmanydied.It'spossiblethattherewassomekindofsicknessjustonthePigIsland.It'salsopossiblethatthepenguinscouldhaveproblemswiththecatsormicewhicharealsoontheisland.Buttherearecatsandmiceontheotherislands,andthepenguinsthereseemtobeingoodcondition.Beforethisnews,peoplethoughttheKingPenguinswerefine.Now,thescientistsareworriedthattheymaybeindanger.Anditwillprobablygetworsebecauseofclimatechange.ThescientistsareplanningtotraveltothePigIslandtocountthepenguinsagainandtofindoutwhatisgoingon.Buttheywon'tbeabletomakethetripuntilthisautumn.8WhatcanwelearnabouttheCrozetislandsfromthesecondparagraph?A.Twomillionpenguinslivetherenow. B.TheyarethelargestislandsinAfrica.C.TheyarehometotheKingPenguins. D.Peoplediscoveredtheislandsin1982.9.Howdidthewarmweatherin1997affectthepenguins?A.Theycouldfeedmorebabies. B.Theyswamslowlyinthewater.C.Theygrewupinafasterway. D.Theyhaddifficultyingettingfood.10.Whatarethescientistsgoingtodoaboutthepenguins?A.Studytheirimagestakenfromspace. B.Explorewhatthreatenstheirlife.C.Makethemliveindifferentgroups. D.Protectthemfromcatsandmice.11.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.ASharpDropinPenguins'Number B.TheWonderlandoftheKingPenguinsC.ATeam'sJourneytotheSouthPole D.TheMajorChangeinGlobalClimate【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，主要講述了在過去的40年里，遠(yuǎn)離人類居住地的一個島上，90%的帝企鵝消失了，科學(xué)家們正在努力尋找原因，并計劃在秋天再次前往該島進(jìn)行調(diào)查?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的句子“Andabouthalfoftheworld'sKingPenguinsliveintheCrozetislands,whichliebetweenAntarcticaandthetipofAfrica.”（大約一半的世界帝企鵝生活在位于南極和非洲尖端之間的克羅澤特群島上。）可知，克羅澤特群島是帝企鵝的家，故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的句子“Forexample,itgotverywarmin1997.Thatmeantthepenguinshadtoswimmuchfarthertogettothecolderwaterwheretheycouldfindtheirfood.Manypenguinscouldn'tfindenoughfoodtofeedtheirbabies.”（例如，1997年天氣非常暖和。這意味著企鵝們必須游得更遠(yuǎn)才能到達(dá)他們可以找到食物的冷水區(qū)。許多企鵝找不到足夠的食物喂養(yǎng)他們的寶寶。）可知，1997年的暖冬使企鵝在獲取食物上遇到了困難，故選D。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的句子“ThescientistsareplanningtotraveltothePigIslandtocountthepenguinsagainandtofindoutwhat”（科學(xué)家們計劃再次前往豬島計算企鵝的數(shù)量，并找出發(fā)生了什么。）可知，科學(xué)家們打算探索威脅企鵝生命的因素，故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Overthelast40years,90%oftheKingPenguins(企鵝)onafarawayislandhavebeenlost.ThisisespeciallyworryingbecauseitwasthelargestgroupofKingPenguinsintheworld.”（在過去的40年里，一個遙遠(yuǎn)島嶼上90%的王企鵝已經(jīng)消失了。這尤其令人擔(dān)憂，因?yàn)檫@是世界上最大的王企鵝群。）可知，文章主要講述了在過去的40年里，遠(yuǎn)離人類居住地的一個島上，90%的帝企鵝消失了，科學(xué)家們正在努力尋找原因，并計劃在秋天再次前往該島進(jìn)行調(diào)查。所以短文的標(biāo)題為“企鵝數(shù)量急劇下降”。故選A項(xiàng)。DAcrosstheglobe,naturalstoresofundergroundfreshwaterhavebeendropping.Innearlyonethirdoftheseaquifers(含水層),thatlosshasbeenspeedingupoverthelastcoupleofdecades.That’sthefindingofanewstudyintheJan.25Nature.Humanshavebeendrawingwateroutofaquifersfasterthanrainfallcanreplaceit.Earth’schangingclimateisalsoslowinghowfastwaterrefillsbothaquifersandsurfacelakes,whichhasbeenleadingtowatershortages.Thisstudycollectedwaterleveldatadatingbackto1980.Thosedatacamefromsome170,000waterwells.Theyofferapictureofnearly1,700naturalstoresofgroundwater.Thosewellsshowwherewaterhasbeendisappearingfastest.In12percentoftheseaquifers,waterlevelsarenowdroppingbymorethanhalfameterperyear.Andoneinthreeoftheseaquifershaveshownwaterlevelsdroppingbyatenthofameterperyear.Insomeplaces,though,largegroundwaterstoreshavebeguntogrow——evenafterdroppingattheendofthelastcentury.Suchchangeslikelyefrommanagingtheseaquifersdifferently,thestudysuggests.OneexampleistheAbbaseSharghibasin(盆地)inIran,whichhasbegunrecoveringafterthegovernmentbuiltalargedam.Itsuppliedtheverydryregionwithwater.Thenewstudycanbeabighelpinshowingwhereandwhythosedifferencesshowup,saysXu,coauthorofthestudy.And,Xuadds,theywillhelpcreateaglobalbaselineforpropergroundwatermanagement.Thisworkalsohelpshighlightwhichpartsoftheworldaremostatrisk.There,waterlossesmayforcemigration(遷徙)ofpeoplewhoseekeasyaccesstodrinkingwater.Acrosstheglobe,wateristhekeytriggerforhumanmigration.Andpeoplelivingindryregionssuffermost.Findingthoseatriskregionscouldleadtotimelypolicychangestoprotectwaterresources.12.Whichisthepercentageofaquiferswithwaterlevelsdroppingby0.1meterperyear?A.About12%. B.About17%. C.About33%. D.About50%.13.WhatdoestheauthorwanttosaybymentioningtheAbbaseSharghibasin?A.Thelocalsdrewtoomuchwateroutofaquifers. B.Itishopefulthatgroundwatercanberecovered.C.Largegroundwaterstoresdisappearrapidly. D.Ittakesagestorepairpollutedfreshwater.14.WhatdoesXuthinkofthenewstudy?A.Itremindstouriststostaysafeduringthetrip. B.Itenablesustosharefreshideasaboutnature.CItforcespeopletoseekeasyaccesstocleanwater. D.Itwilldeliverbenefitstogroundwaterprotection.15.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trigger”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Reason. B.Belief. C.Failure. D.Stress.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是全球地下淡水自然儲量的下降趨勢及其背后的原因，以及在一些地區(qū)通過不同的管理策略實(shí)現(xiàn)地下水儲量增長的情況?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Andoneinthreeoftheseaquifershaveshownwaterlevelsdroppingbyatenthofameterperyear.(其中三分之一的含水層的水位每年下降0.1米。)”可知，每年水位下降0.1米的含水層百分比是約33%。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Insomeplaces,though,largegroundwaterstoreshavebeguntogrow——evenafterdroppingattheendofthelastcentury.Suchchangeslikelyefrommanagingtheseaquifersdifferently,thestudysuggests.OneexampleistheAbbaseSharghibasin(盆地)inIran,whichhasbegunrecoveringafterthegovernmentbuiltalargedam.(然而，在一些地方，大量的地下水儲量已經(jīng)開始增長——即使是在上世紀(jì)末下降之后。研究表明，這些變化可能來自對這些含水層的不同管理。伊朗的AbbaseSharghi盆地就是一個例子，在政府修建了一座大壩后，該盆地已經(jīng)開始恢復(fù)。)”可推斷，作者提到AbbaseSharghi盆地意在說明地下水有望恢復(fù)。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thenewstudycanbeabighelpinshowingwhereandwhythosedifferencesshowup,saysXu,coauthorofthestudy.And,Xuadds,theywillhelpcreateaglobalbaselineforpropergroundwatermanagement.(該研究的合著者Xu說，這項(xiàng)新研究可以在揭示這些差異出現(xiàn)的地點(diǎn)和原因方面提供很大幫助。而且，Xu補(bǔ)充說，它們將有助于為適當(dāng)?shù)牡叵滤芾斫⒁粋€全球基線。)”可推斷，Xu認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)新研究有助于地下水保護(hù)工作。故選D?！?5題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前“There,waterlossesmayforcemigration(遷徙)ofpeoplewhoseekeasyaccesstodrinkingwater.(在那里，水的損失可能迫使尋求容易獲得飲用水的人遷移。)”及畫線詞后“Andpeoplelivingindryregionssuffermost.(而生活在干旱地區(qū)的人們受害最深。)”可推斷，劃線詞所在句子表示“在全球范圍內(nèi)，水是引發(fā)人類遷徙的誘因”，劃線詞trigger的意思是“起因，誘因”，和reason意思相近，故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ThefirsttimeIhadaroommatewasduringmyfreshmanyearofcollege.Luckyforme,shewasgreat.Shewascleanandorganized.I,ontheotherhand,wasahorribleroommate.___16___.Soonthatputanendtoourfriendship.“Roomingtogetherrequiresmutual(相互的)respect,”saysfriendshipcoachBayardJackson.IfIhadknownthisbackthen,maybeIwouldhavesavedourfriendship.HereareothertipsfromBayardonhowroommatescansetthemselvesupforsuccess.___17___Discusstherulesofyourlivingarrangement.Howarewesplitting(分?jǐn)?rent?What’sourguestpolicy?Shouldwecreateacleaningschedule?Makeyourexpectationsclear.Ifyourroommatessaythey’regoodabout“payingrentontime”,forexample,whatdoes“ontime”meantothem?DealwithsmallthingsdirectlyIfyourroommatedoessomethingthatannoysyou,getitsolvedimmediately,saysBayard.___18___,butheaddssolvingproblems,likeaskingyourroommatetoputawaytheirshoes,beforeitgetsworse,canhelppreventfurtherconflict(沖突).Invitemoreplayintoyourhome___19___.Hosteventstogether,likeathemedwatchpartyforamovieorsportsgame.Keepaguestbookforyourapartmentandhaveguestssignit.YoucouldeventhrowaPowerpointparty.LearnfromthemLivingwitharoommateisagoodopportunitytomeetsomeonewithaverydifferentbackgroundfromyours.___20___.A.SetclearrulesB.ItmightfeelawkwardC.IleftmydirtyclotheseverywhereD.WecandevelopfriendshipsinmanywaysE.Don’tforgettohavefunwithyourroommateF.Inthiscase,youcanlearnsomethingnewfromyourroommateG.Traditionalwaysofmunicationcanbelimitingandtaketime【答案】16.C17.A18.B19.E20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。通過給出建議和提示，向讀者介紹了如何與室友成功相處，以及如何處理室友關(guān)系中可能出現(xiàn)的問題?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“ThefirsttimeIhadaroommatewasduringmyfreshmanyearofcollege.Luckyforme,shewasgreat.Shewascleanandorganized.I,ontheotherhand,wasahorribleroommate.(我第一次有室友是在我大一的時候。幸運(yùn)的是，她很棒。她干凈整潔。另一方面，我是個糟糕的室友。)”可知，此處是作者把自己和室友作對比，所以C項(xiàng)“Ileftmydirtyclotheseverywhere(我把臟衣服丟得到處都是)”和室友的干凈整潔形成對比，符合文意。故選C項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】設(shè)空為本段小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)后文“Discusstherulesofyourlivingarrangement.Howarewesplitting(分?jǐn)?rent?What’sourguestpolicy?Shouldwecreateacleaningschedule?Makeyourexpectationsclear.Ifyourroommatessaythey’regoodabout“payingrentontime”,forexample,whatdoes“ontime”meantothem?(討論你們的生活安排規(guī)則。我們怎么分?jǐn)偡孔?我們的客人政策是什么?我們應(yīng)該制定一個清潔計劃嗎?明確你的期望。例如，如果你的室友說他們很擅長“按時交房租”，那么“按時”對他們來說意味著什么?)”可知，本段主要講述了和室友制定規(guī)則，所以A項(xiàng)“Setclearrules(制定明確的規(guī)則)”符合本段主題，為本段小標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Ifyourroommatedoessomethingthatannoysyou,getitsolvedimmediately,saysBayard.(貝亞德說，如果你的室友做了什么讓你生氣的事，馬上解決。)”以及后文“butheaddssolvingproblems,likeaskingyourroommatetoputawaytheirshoes,beforeitgetsworse,canhelppreventfurtherconflict(沖突).(但他補(bǔ)充說，在事情變得更糟之前，讓你的室友把鞋子收起來，這樣解決問題有助于防止進(jìn)一步的沖突。)”可知，B項(xiàng)“Itmightfeelawkward(這可能會讓人感到尷尬)”承接上文，it代指馬上解決讓你生氣的事，并和下文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，符合文意。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】設(shè)空位于段首，是本段中心句，根據(jù)后文“Hosteventstogether,likeathemedwatchpartyforamovieorsportsgame.Keepaguestbookforyourapartmentandhaveguestssignit.YoucouldeventhrowaPowerpointparty.(一起舉辦活動，比如為電影或體育比賽舉辦主題觀看派對。為你的公寓準(zhǔn)備一個留言簿，讓客人在上面簽名。你甚至可以舉辦一個ppt派對。)”可知，本段主要講述和室友一起舉辦活動，所以E項(xiàng)“Don’tforgettohavefunwithyourroommate(別忘了和你的室友一起玩)”符合本段主題，為本段中心句。故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】位于段尾，是對前文的總結(jié)，根據(jù)前文“Livingwitharoommateisagoodopportunitytomeetsomeonewithaverydifferentbackgroundfromyours.(和室友住在一起是一個很好的機(jī)會，可以認(rèn)識與你背景截然不同的人。)”可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Inthiscase,youcanlearnsomethingnewfromyourroommate(在這種情況下，你可以從你的室友那里學(xué)到一些新東西)”是對前文的總結(jié)，符合文意。故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。In2009,LaurynValladarez'slifechanged.Soonaftergraduatingfromcollege,shemovedtoCentralAmericato___21___foraninternationalorganization.Hertimeabroadwas___22___supposedtobeforuptoayear,butlifehadother___23___—oneyearturnedintosix.“Iendedupdoingresearchthere,meetingPedrowhoImarried,”Valladarezsaid.They___24___totakeatriptothebeachtorelax.Sheremembereditbeingasunnyday,withlotsofpeoplesurfingandswimming.Carefully,thetwo___25___togetinthewater.“Weturnedaroundandwerepretty___26___fromwherewestarted.Iwastreading(踩著)waterjustfine.InoticedthatPedrowas___27___alittlebit,”Valladarezsaid.ItturnedoutthatPedrowasn'tastrongswimmer.WhenValladarez___28___that,shestartedtofeelanxious.“About100metersfromtheshore(海岸),myhusbandstartedtostruggle.Iwasso___29___ashewasstuckinthewater,”Valladarezrecalled.JustasValladarezseemedto____30____hope,asurferappearedand____31____them.Heofferedtohelpthemgetbacktotheshore.Afterdeliveringthemto____32____,thesurferwalkedawaywithoutintroducinghimself.“Tiredontheshore,wefelt____33____thatwewerestillalive,”Valladarezremembered.Yearslater,ValladarezandPedronowliveinArizona,andaretheparentsofthreechildren.Tothisday,shewishesshe'dthankedthesurferforhisactof____34____,“Ialwaysthinkhenotonly____35____ourlives,thetwoofus,butourfuturefamily.”21.A.work B.change C.leave D.look22.A.quickly B.secretly C.originally D.lately23.A.wishes B.answers C.accidents D.plans24.A.forgot B.decided C.learned D.refused25A.afforded B.hurried C.attempted D.failed26.A.absent B.far C.different D.free27.A.struggling B.laughing C.waiting D.resting28.A.shared B.turned C.missed D.realized29.A.energetic B.rude C.frightened D.carefree30.A.draw B.track C.pick D.lose31.A.headedto B.adaptedto C.paidfor D.longedfor32.A.space B.nature C.safety D.success33.A.lucky B.worried C.painful D.afraid34.A.confidence B.strictness C.honesty D.bravery35.A.accepted B.saved C.recorded D.observed【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.B25.C26.B27.A28.D29.C30.D31.A32.C33.A34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，短文敘述了一個沖浪者救了佩德羅夫婦的故事，對此他們心存感激?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：大學(xué)畢業(yè)后不久，她搬到中美洲，為一個國際組織工作。A.work工作；B.change改變；C.leave離開；D.look看。根據(jù)上文“Soonaftergraduatingfromcollege”以及下文“foraninternationalorganization”可知，畢業(yè)之后為國際組織工作。故選A項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她原本打算在國外待一年，但生活有了其他安排——一年變成了六年。A.quickly快速地；B.secretly秘密地；C.originally原始地；D.lately晚地。根據(jù)下文“supposedtobeforuptoayear,butlifehadother___3___——oneyearturnedintosix.”可知，本來打算在國外待一年。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她原本打算在國外待一年，但生活有了其他計劃——一年變成了六年。A.wishes希望；B.answers答案；C.accidents事故；D.plans計劃。根據(jù)下文“Iendedupdoingresearchthere”可知，生活有了其他計劃。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們決定去海邊旅行放松一下。A.forgot忘記；B.decided決定；C.learned學(xué)習(xí)；D.refused拒絕。根據(jù)上文“meetingPedrowhoImarried”以及下文“takeatriptothebeachtorelax.”可知，決定去海邊旅行放松一下。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：兩人小心翼翼地試圖下水。A.afforded支付得起；B.hurried匆匆；C.attempted試圖；D.failed失敗。他們初次來到海邊，對海水的情況是不了解的，所以小心翼翼地試圖下水。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們轉(zhuǎn)過身來，離我們出發(fā)的地方很遠(yuǎn)。A.absent缺席的；B.far遙遠(yuǎn)的；C.different不同的；D.free自由的。根據(jù)上文“Weturnedaround”可知，這是里開始的地方很遠(yuǎn)了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我注意到佩德羅有點(diǎn)掙扎。A.struggling奮斗，掙扎；B.laughing笑；C.waiting等待；D.resting休息。根據(jù)下文“Pedrowasn'tastrongswimmer.”以及“struggle”可知，注意到佩德羅有點(diǎn)掙扎。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)瓦拉達(dá)雷茲意識到這一點(diǎn)時，她開始感到焦慮。A.shared分享；B.turned轉(zhuǎn)動；轉(zhuǎn)身；C.missed錯過；D.realized實(shí)現(xiàn)，意識到。根據(jù)下文“shestartedtofeelanxious.”可知，瓦拉達(dá)雷茲意識到這一點(diǎn)時，她開始感到焦慮。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他被困在水里時，我非常害怕。A.energetic精力充沛的；B.rude粗魯?shù)?；C.frightened害怕的；D.carefree無憂無慮的。根據(jù)上文“hewasstuckinthewater”可知，她很害怕。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：就在瓦拉達(dá)雷茲瓦拉達(dá)雷茲的時候，一個沖浪者出現(xiàn)了，朝他們走來。A.draw繪畫；草擬；B.track追蹤；C.pick采，摘（花、果）；D.lose丟失。根據(jù)上文“About100metersfromtheshore(海岸),myhusbandstartedtostruggle.”可知，丈夫開始掙扎，瓦拉達(dá)雷茲很無助，似乎失去了希望。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：就在瓦拉達(dá)雷茲似乎失去希望的時候，一個沖浪者出現(xiàn)了，朝他們駛過來。A.headedto前往；B.adaptedto適應(yīng)；C.paidfor支付；D.longedfor渴望。根據(jù)下文“Heofferedtohelpthemgetbacktotheshore.”可知，沖浪者先駛向他們，然后，才能幫助他們。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：把他們送到安全的地方后，沖浪者沒有自我介紹就走開了。A.space空間；B.nature自然；C.safety安全；D.success成功。一個沖浪者朝他們駛過來。根據(jù)上文“Heofferedtohelpthemgetbacktotheshore.”可知，指到達(dá)安全地帶。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：到上岸時，已經(jīng)是筋疲力盡了，我們感到幸運(yùn)的是我們還活著。A.lucky幸運(yùn)的；B.worried擔(dān)憂的；C.painful痛苦的；D.afraid害怕的。根據(jù)下文“wewerestillalive”可知，很幸運(yùn)他們還活著。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：直到今天，她多么希望自己當(dāng)初感謝了這位沖浪者的勇敢行為，“我一直認(rèn)為他不僅救了我們倆的命，還救了我們未來的家庭?！?。A.confidence自信；B.strictness嚴(yán)格；C.honesty誠實(shí)；D.bravery勇敢。救人了，所以是一種勇敢的行為。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動詞