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《GB/T 44453-2024 信息技術服務 數(shù)字化轉型 跨災種監(jiān)測預警系統(tǒng)技術要求》是一項國家標準，旨在為跨災種的監(jiān)測預警系統(tǒng)提供一套規(guī)范性的技術指南。該標準覆蓋了自然災害（如地震、洪水）、人為災害（如交通事故、工業(yè)事故）等多種類型災害的監(jiān)測與預警需求。其內容主要包括以下幾個方面：

  1. 范圍：定義了本標準適用的對象和技術領域，明確了它所涵蓋的災害種類及監(jiān)測預警系統(tǒng)的應用場景。

  2. 術語和定義：對相關專業(yè)詞匯進行了統(tǒng)一定義，確保行業(yè)內對于關鍵概念有一致的理解，包括但不限于“跨災種”、“監(jiān)測預警系統(tǒng)”等。

  3. 架構設計：提出了跨災種監(jiān)測預警系統(tǒng)的整體架構模型，描述了各個組成部分之間的關系及其功能定位。強調了數(shù)據(jù)采集層、數(shù)據(jù)分析處理層以及信息發(fā)布層的重要性，并給出了各層次的具體實現(xiàn)方式建議。

  4. 關鍵技術要求：

    • 數(shù)據(jù)獲取與處理：規(guī)定了不同類型災害數(shù)據(jù)的收集方法、頻率、準確性要求等；同時對如何有效整合多源異構數(shù)據(jù)進行了說明。
    • 分析預測能力：明確了系統(tǒng)應具備的風險評估算法、趨勢預測模型等方面的能力標準，以支持更精準地識別潛在威脅并提前做出響應。
    • 信息傳播機制：提出了關于如何快速準確地將預警信息傳遞給目標群體的方法論，包括但不限于使用移動互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、社交媒體等現(xiàn)代通訊手段。

  5. 安全性考量：針對信息安全問題提出了具體措施，確保在災難發(fā)生時能夠保護個人隱私不被泄露，同時也保證了整個系統(tǒng)運行的安全穩(wěn)定。

  6. 運維管理：為保證長期有效運行，還涉及到了日常維護、故障排除、性能優(yōu)化等內容，指導相關人員如何更好地管理和維護這套復雜的IT基礎設施。


如需獲取更多詳盡信息，請直接參考下方經(jīng)官方授權發(fā)布的權威標準文檔。

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文檔簡介

ICS35.240.99

CCSL67

中華人民共和國國家標準

GB/T44453—2024

信息技術服務數(shù)字化轉型

跨災種監(jiān)測預警系統(tǒng)技術要求

Informationtechnologyservice—Digitaltransformation—Technical

requirementsofmonitoringandwarningsystemofcross?disasters

2024?09?29發(fā)布2025?04?01實施

國家市場監(jiān)督管理總局

國家標準化管理委員會發(fā)布

GB/T44453—2024

目次

前言··························································································································Ⅲ

1范圍·······················································································································1

2規(guī)范性引用文件········································································································1

3術語和定義··············································································································1

4縮略語····················································································································2

5參考模型·················································································································2

6服務應用要求···········································································································3

6.1跨災種監(jiān)測預警平臺服務······················································································3

6.2災害鏈構造服務··································································································4

6.3跨災種監(jiān)測預警公共服務······················································································4

7技術架構要求···········································································································5

7.1感知層··············································································································5

7.2通信層··············································································································7

7.3數(shù)據(jù)層··············································································································8

7.4決策層·············································································································10

7.5應用層·············································································································12

附錄A（資料性）跨災種監(jiān)測預警的典型災害鏈場景······························································13

A.1災害鏈的特征···································································································13

A.2災害鏈的分型···································································································13

A.3面向災害鏈的跨災種監(jiān)測預警場景········································································13

參考文獻····················································································································15

Ⅰ

GB/T44453—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標準化工作導則第1部分：標準化文件的結構和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)

定起草。

請注意本文件的某些內容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機構不承擔識別專利的責任。

本文件由全國信息技術標準化技術委員會（SAC/TC28）提出并歸口。

本文件起草單位：中國科學院大學、四川易誠智訊科技有限公司、中國電子技術標準化研究院、

廈門帝嘉科技股份有限公司、成都智谷耘行信息技術有限公司、哈爾濱新光光電科技股份有限公司、

北京中電飛華通信有限公司、成都市智慧蓉城研究院有限公司、北京信息科技大學、成都城投教育投資

管理集團有限公司、貴州電網(wǎng)有限責任公司貴陽供電局、中國兵工物資集團有限公司、四川大學、威海

神舟信息技術研究院有限公司、中移互聯(lián)網(wǎng)有限公司、山東微感光電子有限公司、北京銅牛信息科技股

份有限公司、北京中關村智連安全科學研究院有限公司、賽飛特工程技術集團有限公司。

本文件主要起草人：陳勝喜、張軍、郭鑫偉、張展、吳燦金、王瑞鋒、仇帥輝、郭飛、許中平、金春華、

陳申捷、王穎舒、吳波、陳啟陽、李俊兵、徐守光、張棚、張烜通、周晶、張勝男、第寶鋒、莊仁峰、王春濤、

彭雪梅、徐方秋、毛慧麗、張仕喜、關鴻亮、李迪。

Ⅲ

GB/T44453—2024

信息技術服務數(shù)字化轉型

跨災種監(jiān)測預警系統(tǒng)技術要求

1范圍

本文件確立了應對自然災害的跨災種監(jiān)測預警系統(tǒng)參考模型，規(guī)定了服務應用要求和技術架構

要求。

本文件適用于跨災種監(jiān)測預警系統(tǒng)的設計、系統(tǒng)集成和應用。

2規(guī)范性引用文件

下列文件中的內容通過文中的規(guī)范性引用而構成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，僅該日期對應的版本適用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改單）適用于

本文件。

GB18030—2022信息技術中文編碼字符集

GB/T28181—2022公共安全視頻監(jiān)控聯(lián)網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)信息傳輸、交換、控制技術要求

GB/T34283—2017國家突發(fā)事件預警信息發(fā)布系統(tǒng)管理平臺與終端管理平臺接口規(guī)范

GB/T35561—2017突發(fā)事件分類與編碼

GB/T35965.1—2018應急信息交互協(xié)議第1部分：預警信息

GB/T35965.2—2018應急信息交互協(xié)議第2部分：事件信息

3術語和定義

下列術語和定義適用于本文件。

3.1

多災種multi?disasters

既定地方發(fā)生的、造成損害在一定程度之上的所有自然災害，以及引發(fā)的次生災害。

3.2

跨災種cross?disasters

管理和處置具有耦合關系的多個災種形成的綜合對象。

示例：跨災種監(jiān)測、跨災種預警。

3.3

災害鏈disasterchain

因一種災害發(fā)生而引起的一系列災害發(fā)生的現(xiàn)象。

注：所發(fā)生的災害間存在鏈式關聯(lián)關系，具備誘生性、時序性和擴圍性特征。

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