Lesson5Thefacts確切數(shù)字、Editorsofnewspapersandmagazinesoftengotoextremestoprovidetheirreaderwithunimportantfactsandstatistics.報刊雜志的編輯常常為了向讀者提供成立一些關(guān)緊要的事實(shí)和統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字而走向極端。Peoplewhoworkfornewspapersandmaganizes:eg.editor編輯chiefeditor主編reporter記者(報告、采訪)interviewer記者（采訪）journalist記者（強(qiáng)調(diào)長途跋涉、出外勤、戰(zhàn)地記者）columnist專欄作家（column專欄）gotoextremes走向極端extreme(adj.)極端的(n.)極端eg.extremeweather極端天氣extremeexample極端例子extremesports極限運(yùn)動extremely(adv.)極端地，非常=very=terribly=extraordinarilyeg.gofromoneextremetoanother從一個極端走向另一個極端statistics(n.)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，統(tǒng)計(jì)資料eg.數(shù)據(jù)表明：Statisticsshow…根據(jù)官方數(shù)據(jù)：Accordingtoofficialstatistics…provide(v.)提供providesth.forsb.提供某事給某人=providesb.withsth.提供某人某事=offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.2、Lastyearajournalisthadbeeninstructedbyawell-knownmagazinetowriteanarticleonthepresident'spalaceinanewAfricanrepublic.去年，一位記者受一家有名的雜志的委托寫一篇關(guān)于非洲某個新成立共和國總統(tǒng)府的文章。instruct(v.)通知，告知=tellinstructsb.todosth.叫某人做某事=tellsb.todosth.on(prep.)在…上面（表面接觸的）——反：beneath跟在實(shí)意動詞后面：繼續(xù)…eg.talkon繼續(xù)說goon繼續(xù)readon繼續(xù)讀writeon繼續(xù)寫on（+嚴(yán)肅性的話題、學(xué)術(shù)方面）=about關(guān)于（跟任何話題）3、Whenthearticlearrived,theeditorreadthefirstsentenceandthenrefusedtopublishit.稿子寄來后，編輯看第一句話就拒絕予以發(fā)表。Whenthearticlearrived…(eg.Lesson1：WhenreportscameintoLondonZoo…)refusetodosth.拒絕做某事反：accepttodosth.同意做某事4、Thearticlebegan:‘Hundredsofstepsleadtothehighwall（whichsurroundsthepresident'spalace'）定語從句.文章的開頭是這樣的：“幾百級臺階通向環(huán)繞總統(tǒng)的高墻?！眘tep(n.)臺階（室外的）(eg.step-mother繼母)stair(n.)樓梯（室內(nèi)的）leadto指向，通向surround(v.)包圍、環(huán)繞（多用于被動語態(tài)）eg.Theplacewassurroundedbyalotofpeople.很多人環(huán)繞在這個地方周圍。Sheisalwayssurroundedbyfashionablefriends.她周圍總有這么多趕時髦的朋友。5、Theeditoratoncesentthejournalistafaxinstructinghimtofindouttheexactnumberofstepsandtheheightofthewall.編輯立即給那位記者發(fā)去傳真，要求他核實(shí)一下臺階的確切數(shù)字和圍墻的高度。謂語動詞sent，非謂語動詞instructing非謂語動詞作狀語：eg.(1)Shoutingandcrying,Iwentout.=Iwentoutshoutingandcrying.非謂語動詞doing表伴隨，與謂語動詞同時進(jìn)行。eg.(2)Toshoutandcry,Iwentout.=Iwentouttoshoutandcry.非謂語動詞todo表目的，發(fā)生在謂語動詞之后。eg.(3)Havingshoutedandcried,Iwentout.=Iwentout,havingshoutedandcried.非謂語動詞havingdone表完成，發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前。find發(fā)現(xiàn)+（具體名詞）findout發(fā)現(xiàn)+（抽象名詞）6、Thejournalistimmediatelysetouttoobtaintheseimportantfacts,buthetookalongtimetosendthem.Meanwhile,theeditorwasgettingimpatient,（forthemagazinewouldsoongotopress.原因狀語從句）記者立即出發(fā)去核實(shí)這些重要的事實(shí)，但過了好長時間不見他把數(shù)字寄來，在此期間，編輯等得不耐煩了，因?yàn)殡s志馬上要付印。immediately立刻，馬上=atonce=instantly=rightaway=rightnow=straightaway=inaminute=assoonaspossiblesetout動身，出發(fā)+forsp.前往某地=setoff非謂語動詞toobtain=inordertodo為了…obtain=get得到Meanwhile與此同時，在此期間=Inthemeantime=Atthesametimegetimpatient變得不耐煩了（系動詞）+（形容詞）gotopress付印press(v.)按，壓eg.press-up俯臥撐pressure(n.)壓力7、Hesentthejournalisttwomorefaxes,butreceivednoreply.他給記者先后發(fā)去兩份傳真，但對方毫無反應(yīng)。sendsb.sth.=sendsth.tosb.送/寄給某人某物reply(n.)答復(fù)reply(vi.)=answer（vt.)回答eg.replytothequestion=answerthequestion謂語動詞sent非謂語動詞informing，表同時8、Hesentyetanotherfaxinformingthejournalist（thatifhedidnotreplysoonhewouldbefired.）于是他又發(fā)了一份傳真，通知那位記者說，若再不迅速答復(fù)，將被解雇。that引導(dǎo)賓語從句if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句（非真實(shí)條件句）：虛擬語氣9、（Whenthejournalistagainfailedtoreply時間狀語從句）,theeditorreluctantlypublishedthearticle（asithadoriginallybeenwritten方式狀語從句）.正如但記者還是沒有回復(fù)。編輯無奈，勉強(qiáng)按原樣發(fā)稿了。failtodosth.未能做某事（否定）reluctantly(adv.)不情愿地=unwillingly(adv.)reluctant(adj.)不情愿的bewillingtodosth.愿意做某事beunwillingtodosth.不愿做某事=bereluctanttodosth.originally(adv.)起初，原先10、Aweeklater,theeditoratlastreceivedafaxfromthejournalist.一周之后，編輯終于接到記者的傳真。atlast最后，終于（歷經(jīng)千辛萬苦之后，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，與前句話的originally遙相呼應(yīng)）11、Notonlyhadthepoormanbeenarrested,buthehadbeensenttoprisonaswell.那個可憐的記者不僅被捕了，而且還被送進(jìn)了監(jiān)獄。notonly…but…aswell不僅…而且…倒裝句：N開頭要倒裝：No,Neither,Not,Nothing,Never,Nowhere,Nolonger否定詞開頭要倒裝：Seldom,Little,Few,Rarely,Hardlyeg.Heseldomgoesoutfordinner.=Seldomdoeshegooutfordinner.（倒裝句）(倒裝部分改成一般疑問句的句式)Exercise:eg.IfinallygotthejobIdreamedabout.NeverinallmylifeDsohappy!didIfeelB.IfeltC.IhadfeltD.hadIfelt12、However,hehadatlastbeenallowedtosendafax（inwhichheinformedtheeditor（thatthehehadbeenarrested（whilecountingthe1,084stepsleadingtothefifteen-footwall（whichsurroundedthepresident'spalace.）不過，他終于獲準(zhǔn)發(fā)回了一份傳真。在傳真中他告訴編輯，就在他數(shù)通向15英尺高的總統(tǒng)府圍墻的1，084級臺階時，被抓了起來。inwhich=where(作定語從句中的地點(diǎn)狀語)leadto通向長難句收尾：主句：hehadatlastbeenallowedtosendafax.inwh