14閱讀回答問題型解題技巧講解

回答問題型閱讀要求學(xué)生根據(jù)短文、表格、圖片或圖文結(jié)合的材料回答命題者設(shè)定的問題，所設(shè)

置的任務(wù)通過事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)的查找就能完成，與普通閱讀理解的解題方法相似，只是題目設(shè)計(jì)采用了主

觀題形式，沒有給出選項(xiàng)，需要學(xué)生從材料中尋求信息，以一個(gè)完整的句子，或者是其適當(dāng)?shù)目s略形

式作答。從問題所涉及的內(nèi)容看，考查文本表層理解多于深層理解，其設(shè)計(jì)的問題多為五w、一般疑

問句、反意疑問句的細(xì)節(jié)性問題，而涉及推理判斷、文章主旨、寫作意圖及作者態(tài)度、感受等的題目

則比較少。

答題技巧：

1、答句即使是一兩個(gè)詞，也要注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)和大小寫；

2、問句中出現(xiàn)過的部分答句盡量避免重復(fù)；

3、用代詞代替問句的名詞主語，時(shí)態(tài)、單復(fù)數(shù)和人稱要與問句一致；

4、最后的開放性主觀題，要圍繞文章的大意和作者的觀點(diǎn)回答，切忌脫離文章、主觀臆斷；

5、在不超過限定字?jǐn)?shù)的前提下，客觀題盡量用原文中的原句原詞回答，不要隨意用文中沒有的同義

句來替換。如果原文的原句原詞超過了限定的字?jǐn)?shù)，可省去不重要的信息即修飾詞；

6、盡量用精煉的語言作簡(jiǎn)略回答。一般疑問句或反意疑問句用Yes或No,不必加上后面的兩個(gè)詞；

選擇疑問句用or前后的一個(gè)選項(xiàng)；特殊疑問句要注意開頭的特殊疑問詞，問什么就答什么：

What…for?問目的或用途，用Forsth或Todosth或Inordertodosth回答。

Why…？問原因，用Because+句子或Becauseof+名詞（短語）回答。

Whattime/When---?回答在什么時(shí)間做某事，要用介詞短語；回答是什么時(shí)間不用加介詞。

Where--?問地點(diǎn)，用介詞短語回答。

Who-?問人，用表示人的名詞或代詞（注意主格還是賓格）。

Whose-?問某人的，用名詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格回答。

Which-"?問哪一個(gè)，用The…one.或Theone….回答。

回答What…？要弄清楚問的是事物還是動(dòng)作。問事物回答名詞或名詞短語；問動(dòng)作回答時(shí)用要有主語

的完整句子，而不能用動(dòng)詞開頭的無主句。

How-?問感覺、看法、程度或方式等，用褒義、貶義形容詞或Bydoingsth…或By…或On…回答。

Howmany"?回答數(shù)量（不能漏掉前面的about,over,morethan,lessthan,almost,nearly等）。

Howmanytimes?回答次數(shù)。

Howmuch…？回答價(jià)錢。

Howoften,,??回答頻率。

Howsoon***?回答In+一段時(shí)間。

Howlong---?回答一段時(shí)間（不能漏掉前面的介詞for,since等）或長(zhǎng)度。

Howfar…？回答距離。

Howold…？回答年齡。

【真題實(shí)戰(zhàn)】

（2023?遼寧撫順?統(tǒng)考中考真題）

Zengzi,alsocalledZengShen,becameagoodstudentofConfucius（孔子）whenhewas16.

Earlyonemorning,Zengzi'swifeleftforthemarket.Herlittlesonwantedtogowithher.Buthewastoo

youngandthemarketwastoofar.

Thenshecheated（欺騙）hersonandsaidJTwillsoonbeback.Youstayathomeandwaitforme.Ifyoudoas

Isay,Iwillkillapigandmakeanicedishforyou."Thechildwentbacktothehousehappily.

WhenZengzi'swifegotbackfromthemarket,sheshowednosignofkillingapig.SoZengzihimself

preparedtodothat,buthiswiferushedtostophimandsaid,"Don'tdothat.Ijustcheatedthechild.,,

“Honesty（誠(chéng)實(shí)）isthemostimportantthing/5Zengzisaid.""Childrenarelikeblank（空白的）piecesofpaper.

Theyunderstandnothingbuttheycanlearnfromtheirparents5actions.Becauseyouhavecheatedyourson,he

won'ttrustyouanymore.Inthefuturehewillcheatothers.9,

Hearingherhusband'swords,Zengzi'swiferegrettedcheatingthechild.Soshewantedtokeepherword.She

joinedZengziinkillingthepig,andcookednicedishesforthechild.Whileeating,theboywashappyandthankful

tohisparents.

Oneevening,whenthechildwenttobed,hesuddenlygotupandranoutside.Zengziaskedhimwherehewas

going.Theboyreplied,6iIpromisedIwasgoingtoreturnatoytoafriendtoday.ButIforgot,soIamgoingto

returnitnow.^^Thecoupleexchanged（交換）satisfiedsmiles,andwaiteduntiltheboycameback.

1.WhoseteacherwasConfuciusfromthepassage?

2.HowdidZengzi'swifelethersonstayathome?

3.WhatdidZengzithinkofhonesty?

4.WhydidZengzi'swifekillthepigandcookdishes?

5.DidZengzi'ssonbeeanhonestperson?

（2023?山西?統(tǒng)考中考真題）

Projectbasedlearning（項(xiàng)目化學(xué)習(xí)）islearningwhiledoing.Itgiveslearnersthechancetogetadeeper

understandingofatopic.Duringthelearning,learnerssolveproblemsbyusingrealworldexamplesandchallenges.

Projectbasedlearningisbeingwidelyusedinschools.Studentsworkonaprojectoveraperiodoftime-froma

weektoaterm.Attheendoftheproject,theyshowtheirknowledgeandskillsbycreatingaproductforpeople.

LefstaketheexampleofSandra.

SandraisanelevenyearoldstudentinSunshinePrimarySchool.ShewantedtoknowmoreaboutGreek

mythology（希臘神話）.Well,howdidshemakeit?

?ShechoseGreekmythologycharactersasthetopicbecauseStep1

shewasinterestedinthecharactersandtheirstories.Chooseatopic

?Shehadtolearnaboutthattopicanddosomeresearchonit.To

collectinformation,shereadbooksandarticlesaboutthehistoryof

Greekmythology.ShealsoreadsomenovelslikeHarryPotterand

Step2

PercyJackson.

Dotheresearch

ShewatchedvideosandplayedgamesallconnectedwithGreek

mythology.

Whenshecollectedherinformation,shewasreadytocreateaproject.

?Shecreatedaprojectbasedon（以...為基礎(chǔ)）hertalentsStep3

andskills.ShelovestobuildwithLegos（樂高）,soshedecidedto—

buildlegocreationsbasedonthestoriesofGreekmythology

characters.She'salsoreallygoodatart,soshecreatedabookabout

herfavoritecharacters.Inherbook,shedrewpicturesofthemand

wrotethestoriesinherownwords.

?Afterallofthatwork,shemadealivingroompresentation

forMomandDadandsharedthetwoproductsthatshehadcreated.Step4

Thenshesharedherprojectonlinewithfriends,andevensharedherDothepresentation

projectonsocialmedia.

FromtheexampleofSandra,wecanseethatprojectbasedlearningallowsastudenttolearnaboutatopicand

thencreateaprojectbasedonhisorhertalentsandskills.Noteveryoneisagreattesttaker,buteveryoneisgoodat

something.Throughprojectwork,studentscannotonlylearndeeplyaboutatopic,butalsohavefunlearning.Soif

you'reinterestedinsomething,whynotstartwithprojectbasedlearning?

1.Howdolearnerssolveproblemsinprojectbasedlearning?

2.Howlongdoesittakestudentstofinishaproject?

3.WhatdidSandradotocollectinformation?（OneexampleisOK.）

4.Whatisthebestsubtitle（小標(biāo)題）ofStep3?

5.WhatwerethetwoproductsthatSandracreated?Whycouldshecreatethem?

6.WhatdoyouthinkofSandra'slearningexperience?Inyouropinion,whafstheadvantageofprojectbased

learning?

（2023?吉林長(zhǎng)春?統(tǒng)考中考真題）

Akingonceofferedaprize.Anyonecouldgetitifhepaintedthebestpictureofpeace.Manyfamousartists

tried.Thekinglookedatallthepicturesandamongthemtherewereonlytwohereallyliked.Buthehadtochoose

betweenthem.

Thefirstpicturewasofaquietlake.Aroundthelakewerepeacefulmountains.Abovethemwasabluesky

withwhiteclouds.Everyoneseeingthispicturethoughtthatitwasaperfectpictureofpeace.

Thesecondpicturehadmountainstoo.Butfewtreescouldbeseen.Abovethemwasadark,angrysky.A

heavyrainstormwashappening.Downthesideofthemountainranapowerfulwaterfall.Itdidnotlookpeacefulat

all.However,thekingfeltitwasspecial.Atmidnight,thekinglookedcarefullyatthesecondpictureagain.

Suddenly,hefoundbehindthewaterfallasmalltreegrowingbetweentworocks.Amotherbirdbuiltherhomein

thetree.There,inthemiddleofallthenoiseofrushingwaterandfrighteningskies,thatmotherbirdsatinperfect

peace.

Whichpicturedoyouthinkthekingchose?Thekingchosethesecondpicturebecausehethoughtitbetter

expressedpeace.4Teacedoesnotmeanyoumustbeinaplacewherethereisnonoise,trouble,orpain.Thereal

meaningofpeaceistoberightinthemiddleofallthosedifficultexperiences,andstillbecalmandsureofyourself

inyourheart,,5saidtheking.

1.Whotriedtogettheprize?

2.Whatwasaroundthelakeinthefirstpicture?

3.Whendidthekingfindthesmalltreeinthesecondpicture?

4.Wheredidthemotherbirdbuildherhome?

5.Whydidthekingchoosethesecondpicture?

（2023?安徽?統(tǒng)考中考真題）

WhenIwasinGradeThree,Iwatchedavideoaboutthefindingsofancientruins（遺跡）.Itinterestedmeso

muchthatfromthatmomentIknewwhatIwantedtodowithmylife.

Today,I'mveryluckytoworkasanarchaeologist（考古學(xué)家）.Ifsexcitingwork.Holdingapieceofhistory

isreallyfantastic.

IdecidedwhatIwantedtobeattheageofnine.Buttheroadwasn'teasy.AlongthewayIwastoldmany

things:Iwastooyoung.Iwasn'tgoodenough,Ishouldgetmarriedandhavekids,...Allthesewordsreallygotme

down,butIchosetofollowmyheartandmoveon.

Ineededmoneytosupportmystudy,soIaskedforsixgrants（經(jīng)費(fèi)）.Thefirstfiverepliessaidno.Atthe

beginning,ithurt.Butthenextnohurtalittleless.Sixmonthslater,thelastreplycame.Thistimeitwasyes.

Finally,Icouldgoonwithmyarchaeologicalwork.

Asyoucansee,somanynoesdidn'tbeatme.Instead,theymademestrongerandhelpedmegrow.Foranyone

thinkingofadreamjob,Iwouldsay:

1.Whatmadethewriterwanttobeanarchaeologist?（不超過10個(gè)詞）

2.Howdidthewriterfeelabouttheroadtobeinganarchaeologist?（不超過5個(gè)詞）

3.Whatwouldthewritersayattheendofthetext?（不超過10個(gè)詞）

（2023?黑龍江齊齊哈爾?統(tǒng)考中考真題）

Farminghasalwaysbeenacountrysidething.Butnow,farmsareingtothebalconies（陽(yáng)臺(tái)）ofcityflats.

Accordingtoarecentreport,salesofvegetableseeds（種子）ontheInternetinthefirstquarterof2022doubled

paredwiththesameperiodin2021.Ofthesebuyers,mostwerebomafter1995.

ZhangChaofromAnhuiProvinceisoneyoung“cityfarmer^^.Theseniorhighschoolstudentsaidhislovefor

plantingwasformedinprimaryschool,whenhelivedwithhisgrandpainthecountryside.Helearnedtogrow

vegetablesfromhisgrandpa,whohasbeenafarmerforlife.Thoughfarmingtakeshardwork,Zhangsaidhefelt

excitedwhenhesawseedsturnintoplants.

NowZhangstillkeepsuphishobbywithabalconygarden.Hegrowsstrawberriesandcarrots."Growing

fruitsandvegetablesnotonlybringsdeliciousfood,butitalsoremindsmeofthehappytimeswithmygrandpa.”

saidZhang.

UnlikeZhang,FangMinkefromShenzhenthinksthatplantingagardenisagoodwaytorelaxanddevelop

patience.

The16yearoldgirlsometimesfeltstressed.Todealwiththis,shestartedplantingvegetablesonherbalconyin

2021.Mostoftheseedsweregiventoherbyfriends.Notknowingwhatplantstheseedswerefrom,shejust

plantedthemandwaitedpatiently.Afterhalfayear,herbalconybecameasmallgarden.

Everydayittakesherlonghourstodohomework.Thenshelikestowalkaroundherbalconygarden."Seeing

differentcolorsandbreathingfreshair,Ifeelclosertonature."Fangsaid.

Plantingvegetablesisnowmorethanjustawaytolive.Italsobringsjoytothelivesoftheyoung.

1.WhendidZhangChaolearntogrowvegetables?

2.WhatdoesZhangChaogrowonhisbalcony,vegetablesorfruits?

3.WhatdoesFangMinkethinkofplantingagarden?

4.HowdidFangMinkedealwithherstress?

5.Whydoyouthinksomanyyoungpeoplebee“cityfarmers”?

（2023?遼寧丹東?統(tǒng)考中考真題）

Inahistoryclass,Mrs.Bartlettaskedthestudentstomakeaposter（海報(bào)）ingroups.Shetoldthestudentsto

writethenamesofthreefriendstheywantedinonegroupandshewouldthinkabouttheirchoices.

Thenextday,Karmawastoldtobeinagroupshewouldneverwant-theboywhowastooweakinEnglish,

andthetwogirlswhoworestrangeclothes.Oh,howshewantedtobewithherfriends.Withtearsinhereyes,

KarmawalkeduptoMrs.Bartlett.ShelookedatKarmaandseemedtoknowwhatKarmawastherefor.Karma

saidthatsheshouldbeinthe"good"group.Theteachergently（溫柔地）placedahandonKarma'sshoulder.

knowwhatyouwant,Karma,“shesaid."Butyourgroupneedsyou.Ineedyoutohelpthem.Onlyyoucanhelp

them."Karmawassurprisedandmoved.Theteacher'swordsencouragedher.

“Willyouhelpthem?^^theteacherasked."Yes,"Karmareplied.Thenshebravelywalkedovertohergroup.

Shesatdownandtheystarted.Eachofthemdidapartaccordingtotheirinterests.Halfwaythroughtheweek,

Karmafeltherselfenjoyinghergroup.Theydidagoodjobtogether.Thegroupmembersweren'tthoughttobe

excellentjustbecausenoonecaredenoughaboutthemexceptMrs.Bartlett.

Atlast,thegroupgotanA,butKarmathoughttheyshouldhandtheAbacktoMrs.Bartlett.Shewastheone

whoshouldtrulyreceiveit.Mrs.Bartlettbroughtoutthepotential（潛能）inthefourofherstudents.

1.Whatdidtheteacheraskthestudentstowritedown?

2.HowmanymembersarethereinKarma'sgroup?

3.WhydidKarmawalkuptoherteacherafterknowingthegroupmembers?

4.HowdidKarmaandhergroupmembersfeelabouttheirgroupworkintheend?

5.Whobroughtoutthestudents,potential?

（2023?湖南長(zhǎng)沙?統(tǒng)考中考真題）

Oneday,agroupoftouristsfromAustraliaclimbedalargerockintheCentralParkofNewYorkCity.They

tookpicturesofoneanotherwiththehighrisebuildingsinthebackground.L汰emanyothertourists,theydidn't

realizethathighinanearbytree,therewassomethingmoreworthyofattention:aneagleowl（雕鵑）namedFlaco.

Earlierthatmonth,thebirdFlacomadehisgreatescape（逃跑）fromtheCentralParkZoo.Thezookeepers

thentriedseveraltimestocatchhimbutwereunsuccessful.Heseemedtobeinnohurrytoreturntothezoo.

OlgaTorrey,aphotographer,hasbeenphotographinganimalsincityparksfbr12years.SinceFlacoescaped,

Torreyhaskeptacloseeyeonhim.Shewonderedifhewouldeverreturntothezoo."Oncehegetsatasteof

freedom,I'mnotsure...^^shesaid.

Still,eachdayspentoutsideputsFlacoindanger.Hemightaccidentallyhitwindowsandgetinjured（受傷）

whileflying.Moreover,theeagleowllivedhiswholelifeinthezoointhepast.Hemaynotbeusedtofindingfood

onhisown.Andifhemadeamealofarat（耗子），itmightharmhishealth-theratmightcontainpoison（含有毒

物）.

ThezoohashadtheworkerscarefullywatchFlacoallthetime,astheyareworriedabouthissafety.HasFlaco

eatenanythingtoday?Hashegotinjuredtoday?

Well,anotherdayofwatchinghasnowbegun.

1.WheredidFlacoescapefrom?

2.WhatisOlgaTorrey'sjob?

3.IfFlacomadeamealofarat,whatmighthappentohim?

4.WhydothezooworkerskeepwatchingFlacocarefully?

5.ShouldwegetFlacobacktothezoo?Whyorwhynot?

（2023?山東棗莊?統(tǒng)考中考真題）

Ayoungmanwasonatrain.Asthetrainturnedacomer,itsloweddownandthenasimplehouseappeared.

Thehouselookedsodifferentfromthegreybuildingofthecitythateverybodyonthetrainturnedtolookatit.

Somepassengersbegantotalkaboutit.

Theyoungmanwasalsointerestedinthehouse.Hedecidedtogetoffatthenextstationandmakehiswayto

thehouse.Theownerofthehousesaidthathewastryingtosellthehouse,butnoonewouldbuyit,asthenoiseof

thetrainspassingnearbymadeitunfbrtabletolivein.

Theyoungmandecidedtobuythehouseatoncefor$30,000.Heuseditforadvertising（做廣告）,asthe

housefacedtherailwayturning.Thetrainhadtoslowdownattheturning,givingthepassengersplentyoftimeto

lookatthehouse.

Theyoungmanwenttomeetseveralbusinessmenandexplainedtheadvantagesofplacingadvertisementson

thesideofthehouse.Finally,onebusinessmanagreedtoplacesomeads.Theyoungmanwaspaid$180,000for

threeyearsofadvertising.

Inthisworld,turningdisadvantagesintoadvantagesisthekeytosuccess.

1.Theplaceofthehouse:

2.Thereasonwhynoonewouldbuythehouse:

3.Theadvantageofadvertisingonthehouse:

4.Theidea