2/2練習(xí)16-外研版必修二Unit6Earthfirst一、單詞拼寫1.Asisknowntous,touristsareaneasy______________(目標(biāo))forthieves.2.Idon’tknowhowto______________(潛水)underthewater.3.______________(幸運的是),thewholefamilyhadsurvivedtheseriouscaraccident.4.Givingupsmoking______________(減低)theriskofheartdisease.5.The______________(平均的)ageofthestudentsinourschoolis17.6.Henever______________(采納)other’sadvicesothathealwaysmakesmistakes.7.Toomuchscreentimemay______________(影響)children’seyesight.8.Ifyouwanttoimproveyoursituation,youmustadoptapositive______________(態(tài)度).Howtouse______________(電)safelyhasbecomegeneralknowledgeinourvillage.The______________(擔(dān)憂的)motherstoodatthegate,waitingforhersontocomebackhome.Thetabletookuptoomuchspace，sothemandecidedtohaveit______________(移走).Ourteacher______________(敦促)ustostudyhard,astheexamisdrawingnear.【答案】1.target2.dive3.Fortunately4.reduces5.average6.adopts7.affect8.attitude9.electricity10.concerned11.removed12.urges二、根據(jù)提示寫短語1.__________________采取措施2.__________________分解；出故障；談判失?。?健康、精神等)垮掉3.__________________常識4.__________________把……考慮進去5.__________________依靠；依賴6.__________________號召7.__________________參考；涉及；指的是8.__________________由于，因為9.__________________害怕……10.__________________對……有影響11.__________________以……為根據(jù)12.__________________偶然遇到13.__________________而不是14.__________________弄錯15.__________________提高對……的認識【答案】1.takesteps2.breakdown3.commonsense4.oaccount5.dependon6.callon7.referto8.dueto9.bescaredof10.haveaneffectupon11.bebasedon12.comeacross13.ratherthan14bymistake15.raiseawarenessof...三、詞形轉(zhuǎn)換1.fortunatelyadv.幸運地→_____________adj.幸運的→_____________n.運氣2.extinctionn.滅絕，絕種→_____________adj.滅絕的3.devotev.致力，獻身，傾注→_____________adj.摯愛的；投入的→_____________n.致力；獻身4.crueltyn.殘忍，殘酷，殘暴→_____________adj.殘忍的；殘酷的→_____________adv.殘忍地；殘酷地5.affectv.影響→_____________n．影響6.fogn.霧→_____________adj.多霧的；有霧的7.infectionn.感染，傳染病→_____________v.傳染→_____________adj.傳染的；傳染性的8.permissionn.允許，許可→_____________v.允許；許可n．許可證9.urgev.竭力主張，強烈要求，敦促→_____________adj.緊急的；急迫的10.concernedadj.焦急的，擔(dān)憂的→_____________v.擔(dān)憂；涉及n．擔(dān)憂11.contributev．促成，造成(某事發(fā)生)；貢獻，捐獻→_____________n.貢獻【答案】1.fortunatelyadv.幸運地→fortunateadj.幸運的→fortunen．運氣2.extinctionn．滅絕，絕種→extinctadj.滅絕的3.devotev．致力，獻身，傾注→devotedadj.摯愛的；投入的→devotionn．致力；獻身4.crueltyn．殘忍，殘酷，殘暴→crueladj.殘忍的；殘酷的→cruellyadv.殘忍地；殘酷地5.affectv．影響→effectn．影響6.fogn．霧→foggyadj.多霧的；有霧的7.infectionn．感染，傳染病→infectv．傳染→infectiousadj.傳染的；傳染性的8.permissionn．允許，許可→permitv．允許；許可n．許可證9.urgev．竭力主張，強烈要求，敦促→urgentadj.緊急的；急迫的10.concernedadj.焦急的，擔(dān)憂的→concernv．擔(dān)憂；涉及n．擔(dān)憂11.contributev．促成，造成(某事發(fā)生)；貢獻，捐獻→contributionn．貢獻四、單句語法1.Britainhadlawsagainst____________(cruel)toanimalsbutnonetoprotectchildren.2.Wearenotpermitted____________(talk)inthelibrary,norcanwetakebooksoutwithoutpermission.3.Ifyouarethelastmantoleavetheroom,remember____________(turn)offthelights.4.The____________(major)ofpeoplewhowereinterviewedpreferredTVtoradio.5.Time____________(permit)，theywilldrivetothefarmtohelpthefarmerspickapples.6.Threechildren________(remove)fromtheschoolfortheirbadbehaviouryesterday.Nowadaysmanyschoolchildrendevotetoomuchtimeto____________(play)computergames.Itwasyourbadattitude____________yourworkthatmadeyourparentsupset.Althoughthesharkswerenotdangerous，theauthorstillfelt____________(scare)todeathforamoment.____________(fortunately),youwereoutwhenwecalledyou.11.Hehasmadeanimportant____________(contribute)tothecompany’ssuccess.【答案】1.cruelty2.totalk3.toturn4.majority5.permitting6.wereremoved7.playing8.towards/to9.scared10.Unfortunately11.contribution五、課文填空The1975filmJawswasagreatsuccess,1.___________(attract)hugeaudiencesandwinningmanyawards.Peoplehavealwaysbeen2.___________(scare)ofsharks,butJawsmadethingsworse.Manypeople3.___________sawthefilmconsideredsharksasbadanimals.Someevenbegantofishforsharks.As4.___________result,thenumberofsharksfellquickly.Thiswasnotonlyduetofearofsharks,5.___________alsofinning.Afterfinning,thesharks6.___________(throw)backintotheseawheretheydiepainfully.In1980,PeterBenchleycameacrossanawfulsight.He7.___________(admit)thathisbookwaswrongaboutsharks’8.___________(behave).9.___________(fortunate),morepeoplebecomeinterestedinsharksnow,andtheywant10.___________(protect)themfromextinction.【答案】attracting2.scared3.who/that4.a5.but6.arethrown7.admitted8.behaviour9.Fortunately10.toprotect六、完形填空Doyouthinkanindividualcanmakeadifference?AskRossanoErcolini,theGoldmanPrizewinner,whichisconsideredtheNobelPrizefor“1”.Erocliniisayoung2inasmalltowninItaly.After3thenewsofreducingwasteontheradio,hedecidedtoteachhisstudentsto4paperandreplaceplasticwaterbottlesintheschoollunchroomwith5glasses.Whenhistownannouncedplanstoopenanincineratortoburnwaste,Ercoliniknewitwouldbe6tohisstudents.Incineratorsarehugeheatersthatburnallwasteandpoisonousmaterials,leavingbehind7.Youmightthinkitis8thansendingwastetolandfills.Itistruethatlandfills9space,smellbad,andthatpoisonousmaterialscanmakeundergrounddrinkingwater10touse.Butincineratorshavetheirown11.Burningwill12poisonousgasesintotheair,causingbreathingproblems.Peoplewillhavetowearamask13theygoout.Thesmokealsocausespollution,andeven14thegreenhouseeffect.Ercoliniwasworriedaboutthe15ofhiscommunityandfeltitwashisdutyto16them.Heorganizedtownmeetingsandtalkedabouthowtoreduce,reuseandrecycle.17,Ercolinihasadvocatedthezero-wastemovement,the18ofwhichistoreducethewastetotheleastpossibleamount.Hehasalready19plansformorethan50incineratorsinmanyItaliancities.20hisefforts,therearemorethan100zero-wastetownsinItalynow!1．A．Peace B．Medicine C．Environment D．Literature2．A．farmer B．teacher C．trainer D．gardener3．A．watching B．reading C．making D．hearing4．A．recycle B．roll C．tear D．fold5．A．coloured B．reusable C．thick D．valuable6．A．necessary B．harmful C．suitable D．convenient7．A．rock B．sand C．a(chǎn)sh D．water8．A．worse B．harder C．further D．better9．A．takeup B．fillin C．create D．a(chǎn)dd10．A．illegal B．simple C．regular D．unsafe11．A．difficulties B．a(chǎn)dvantages C．disadvantages D．improvements12．A．giveout B．giveoff C．givein D．giveup13．A．whenever B．wherever C．however D．whatever14．A．reduces B．measures C．suffers D．worsens15．A．health B．development C．justice D．employment16．A．praise B．support C．educate D．entertain17．A．Anyhow B．However C．Otherwise D．Moreover18．A．goal B．reason C．truth D．problem19．A．discussed B．defeated C．prepared D．suggested20．A．Alongwith B．Exceptfor C．Thanksto D．Insteadof【答案】1-5CBDAB6-10BCDAD11-15CBADA16-20CDABC【分析】本文講述了Eroclini經(jīng)過各種努力，對減少垃圾和浪費做出貢獻，說明個人的力量有很大影響。1．考查名詞詞義辨析。A.Peace和平；B.Medicine藥；C.Environment環(huán)境；D.Literature文學(xué)。根據(jù)hedecidedtoteachhisstudentsto___4___paperandreplaceplasticwaterbottlesintheschoollunchroomwith___5___glasses.可知此處指環(huán)境。故選C。2．考查名詞詞義辨析。A.farmer農(nóng)民；B.teacher老師；C.trainer訓(xùn)練員；D.gardener園丁。根據(jù)hedecidedtoteachhisstudents可知Ercolini是老師。故選B。3．考查動詞詞義辨析。A.watching看；B.reading讀；C.making制作；D.hearing聽。根據(jù)thenewsofreducingwasteontheradio可知是收音機上的消息，所以是聽。故選D。4．考查動詞詞義辨析。A.recycle回收利用；B.roll滾動；C.tear流淚，撕扯；D.fold折疊。根據(jù)reducingwaste可知，此處指回收利用廢紙。故選A。5．考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.coloured有色的；B.reusable可再使用的；C.thick厚的；D.valuable有價值的。根據(jù)plasticwaterbottles，可知應(yīng)該使用更好的替代它，所以用可再使用的玻璃瓶代替塑料瓶。故選B。6．考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.necessary必要的；B.harmful有害的；C.suitable合適的；D.convenient方便的。根據(jù)Incineratorsarehugeheatersthatburnallwasteandpoisonousmaterials，可知，焚化爐有害。故選B。7．考查名詞詞義辨析。A.rock石頭；B.sand沙子；C.ash灰燼；D.water水。根據(jù)burnallwasteandpoisonousmaterials可知，燒完廢物和有毒材料后剩下的是灰燼。故選C。8．考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.worse更糟的；B.harder更努力的；C.further更遠的；D.better更好的。根據(jù)Itistruethatlandfills___9___space,smellbad,andthatpoisonousmaterialscanmakeundergrounddrinkingwater___10___touse.描述了垃圾填充場的不好，可知，這比把廢物送去填埋更好。故選D。9．考查動詞短語詞義辨析。A.takeup占據(jù)；B.fillin填寫；C.create創(chuàng)造；D.add添加。根據(jù)語境可知填埋占據(jù)空間。故選A。10．考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.illegal非法的；B.simple簡單的；C.regular規(guī)則的；D.unsafe不安全的。根據(jù)常識和句意可知，有毒材料讓地下飲用水使用起來不安全。故選D。11．考查名詞詞義辨析。A.difficulties困境；B.advantages優(yōu)勢；C.disadvantages劣勢；D.improvements提高。根據(jù)Burningwill___12___poisonousgasesintotheair,causingbreathingproblems.描述焚化爐的不好，可知，焚化爐也有自己的劣勢。故選C。12．考查動詞短語詞義辨析。A.giveout分發(fā)；B.giveoff散發(fā)；C.givein讓步；D.giveup放棄。根據(jù)Peoplewillhavetowearamask可知，焚燒會散發(fā)有毒氣體。故選B。13．考查連詞詞義辨析A.wherever無論哪里；B.whenever無論何時；C.however無論怎樣；D.whatever無論如何。根據(jù)上文說會散發(fā)有害氣體，可知，無論何時出門都要戴口罩。故選A。14．考查動詞詞義辨析。A.reduces減少；B.measures測量；C.suffers遭受；D.worsens惡化。根據(jù)even可知此處表示遞進，惡化溫室效應(yīng)。故選D。15．考查名詞詞義辨析。A.health健康；B.development發(fā)展；C.justice正義；D.employment雇傭。根據(jù)causingbreathingproblems和pollution可知，與健康有關(guān)。故選A。16．考查動詞詞義辨析。A.praise贊揚；B.support支持；C.educate教育；D.entertain娛樂。根據(jù)Ercolini是老師可知，此處是教育他們。故選C。17．考查副詞詞義辨析。A.Anyhow無論如何；B.However不管怎樣，然而；C.Otherwise否則；D.Moreover此外。根據(jù)語境可知，故選D。18．考查名詞詞義辨析。A.goal目的；B.reason原因；C.truth真理；D.problem問題。根據(jù)toreducethewastetotheleastpossibleamount可知此處指零廢物運動的目的。故選A。19．考查動詞詞義辨析。A.discussed討論；B.defeated擊?。籆.prepared準(zhǔn)備；D.suggested建議。根據(jù)上文可知，焚燒有害，所以應(yīng)是他擊敗了很多意大利國家的50多個焚燒計劃。故選B。20．考查介詞短語詞義辨析。A.Alongwith隨著；B.Exceptfor除了；C.Thanksto多虧；D.Insteadof代替。根據(jù)句意可知，多虧了他的努力，現(xiàn)在意大利有超過100個零垃圾鎮(zhèn)。故選C。七、閱讀理解閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的選項中選出最佳選項回答問題。Duetoclimatechanges,Arcticiceisbreakingupearlierinthespring,anditsareaisdecreasing.ThisiscreatingproblemsforpolarbearsthatmaketheirhomesoffnorthernAlaskaandinHudsonBay.PolarbearsoffAlaskanormallyhuntandraisetheiryoungonicesheetsthatfloatontheocean.Butastheicehasmelted,thepolarbearshavebeenforcedtospendmoretimeonland.There,theyhavebeguntofrequent(常去)beaches,feedingontheremainsofwhalescaughtbynativehunters.Forpolarbears,thisfoodislessnutritiousthansealsthattheynormallycatchonicesheets.Theshrinking(減少)icehasalsoforcedmorepolarbearsintotheocean.Inthepast,theyonlyhadtoswimshortdistancesbetweenicesheets.Butastheicehasshrunk,polarbearshavebeenforcedtoswimlongerandlongerdistancesintheopenocean.Thisposesaseveredangerduringroughweather,andanincreasingnumberofdrownedpolarbearshavebeenobserved.InHudsonBay,theicebreaksupthreeweeksearlierinthespringnowthanitdid20yearsago.PolarbearsonHudsonBayfast(絕食)duringthesummer，waitingforicetoforminthefalltohunt.Everyyear,thesummergetslonger,andthebearsgetskinnier.Overthepast25years,theaverageweightofthefemalebearshasdropped68kg.Thislossaffectstheirabilitytoreproduce,andalreadythenumberofbirthshasdroppedby15percent.Unlessthebearscanlearntosurvivetheseclimatechanges,thesegiantsoftheicemayonedaydisappear.WhatisArcticicedoingearliereachyear?A．It’sfreezing. B．It’shardening.C．It’smelting. D．It’sexpanding.2.WhatisTRUEofpolarbearsthatarespendingmoretimeonlandinAlaska?A．Theiryoungaredying.B．Theirdietischanging.C．Theirhealthisimproving.D．Theirfamiliesaregrowing.3.WhatdoesthewriterimplyaboutfemalepolarbearsinHudsonBay?A.Theyarehavingfeweryoungnow.B.Theysufferfromvarioussicknesses.C.Theydon’tneedstrongerprotection.D.Theycan’tfindenoughgoodmales.4.Inwhichpublicationwouldyoumostlikelyfindthispassage?A．MedicalNews. B．SocietyToday.C．WildlifeJournal. D．DesignMagazine.【答案】C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句中的“Arcticiceisbreakingupearlierinthespring”可知，北極冰川每年春天較早時候就開始融化。B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可以看出北極熊正常情況下吃在冰面上可以捕捉到的海豹，但現(xiàn)在由于冰的減少，它們只能以當(dāng)?shù)孬C人捕捉的鯨的殘余物為食了。A細節(jié)理解題。從最后一段第四和第五兩句可知，北極熊的出生率已經(jīng)下降了15%。4.C文章出處題。通讀全篇可以發(fā)現(xiàn)文章敘述的是全球氣候的變化給北極熊帶來的負面影響，而北極熊屬于野生動物，所以推斷這篇文章最有可能摘自《野生動物雜志》。八、補全對話7選5HowtoCelebrateWorldEnvironmentDayWorldEnvironmentDayisayearlyeventheldtoraiseglobalsenseoftheneedtoprotectourworld.1Peopleconsideritaclimax(高潮)ofenvironmentalactivitiesbeingperformedallyearroundbyUNEP.Beapartofthecelebrationstomakeourworldcleaner,greener