云南省文山州硯山縣第二高級中學(xué)2025屆高考壓軸卷英語試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號、考場號和座位號填寫在試題卷和答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型（B）填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。將條形碼粘貼在答題卡右上角"條形碼粘貼處"。2．作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試題卷上。3．非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無效。4．考生必須保證答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．Theinfrastructureofacountryis________makeseverythingrunwell,includingthingsliketransport,irrigation,electricityandschools.A．whichB．thatC．whereD．what2．----Whichofthesedigitalcamerasdoyoulikebest?----______.Theyarebothexpensiveandoflittleuse.A．None B．Neither C．Nothing D．Noone3．Johnsonhasn’tfeltanyeffectthenewdietingrecipehashimsincehetriedtoloseweightthreemonthsago.A．for B．to C．on D．with4．Thedesksinourclassroomaresoclosetogetherthatthereisnotenoughroomtomovethem．A．between B．in C．a(chǎn)cross D．over5．Muirsucceeds______otherdesignershavefailed—herclothesareOriginal,yetstylish.A．that B．what C．which D．where6．Ididntseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe,shewouldhavemetmybrother.A．hascome B．didcomeC．came D．hadcome7．—Oh,HannahjusttoldmethatshewasunabletotranslatethereportintoEnglish.—________？Sheoncespent10yearslivinginLondon.A．Guesswhat B．Whynot C．Sowhat D．Howcome8．MsAliceisconsidereda

ladybyus,forsheoftenhelpsthepoorshemetwith.A．selfish B．hopefulC．mean D．generous9．Butforyourinstruction,I______suchgreatprogressinsoshortatime.Thanksalot.A．wouldn’tmake B．hadn’tmadeC．won’tmake D．wouldn’thavemade10．Russia'scuttingoffthegassupplyraisedamajorconcerntotheEuropeanUnion,anumberofmemberstatesareincreasinglydependentononesinglesupplier.A．whose B．thatC．where D．which11．Thiswasreturnedbecausetheperson________thisletterwasaddressedhaddiedthreeyearsago.A．towhom B．towhichC．which D．whom12．ThebeautifulmountainvillagewespentourholidaylastyearislocatedinisnowpartofGuangxi.A．which;where B．where;what C．that;what D．when;which13．—Whydidyoulet____kidsoffthistime?—Ijustwanttogivethem____secondchance．A．/;the B．the;/ C．the;the D．the;a14．Theyaresmiling.There______muchtroublesolvingtheproblem.A．couldn’tbe B．mustn’tbeC．can’thavebeen D．mustn’thavebeen15．—Anythingtodrink?Whataboutcoffee?—Er…IthinkI’llhaveacolddrinkcoffee.A．otherthan B．morethan C．lessthan D．ratherthan16．—IsPetercoming?—No,he____hismindafteraphonecallatthelastminute.A．changes B．changedC．waschanging D．hadchanged17．_____everyyear,manypeopledonotholdahighopinionoftheCCTVSpringFestivalGala,ithasbecomeasomewhatnecessarypartofthefestival.A．AsB．ThereforeC．While D．Since18．Alotofsuggestionswereputforwardatthemeeting,but______waspractical.A．nothingB．noneC．neitherD．noone19．FortheChinesedream______atanearlierdate,wemustacceleratethepaceofreformandopeningup.A．beingrealized B．torealizeC．realizing D．toberealized20．Muchdisappointedasheisinthejobinterview,hestillkeepshisconfidence.A．tohavefailed B．failedC．havingfailed D．failing第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21．（6分）Statistically,airtravelisbyfarthesafestwaytotravelandyoucanmakeflyingevensafer,justbyfollowingthesesimplerules．Asyourchancesofbeinginvolvedinanairaccidentarepracticallynil（零）,manyoftheserulesconcernwhatyoushouldandshouldn’tdotomakeyourjourneysaferwhenyouareintheair.●Flyonnon-stoproutesMostaccidentsoccurduringthetakeoff,climb,descentandlandingperiodofaflight,soflyingnon-stopreducesyourexposuretothesecomplicatedprocedures.●ChooselargeraircraftAlthoughsmallaircraftshaveverygoodsafetyrecords,thosewithmorethan30passengerseatsaredesignedtocomply（遵守）withmuchstricterregulationsandaretestedmoreregularlytomakesuretheystillcomply.Also,intheunlikelyeventofaseriousaccident,largeraircraftsprovideabetteropportunityforpassengersurvival.●Payattentiontothepre-flightsafetybriefing（簡報(bào)）Theinformationmayseemtoberepeated,butit'sworthlisteningtotheflightattendants.Andevenifyouhaveflownbefore,itdoesn'tmeanyouknoweverythingabouttheaircraftyou'reon,suchasthelocationoftheclosestemergencyexit.●StorethingssafelyNeverputveryheavyarticlesintheoverheadstoragebins.Theymayfalloutwhensomeoneopensthebinandcauseinjury.Also,thebinmaynotbeabletoholdheavierobjectsduringtheviolentmovementsofaircausedbythewind.●KeepyourseatbeltfastenedwhileyouareseatedCabincrewalwaystellyouthis,butit'simportant.Youcouldbeseriouslyinjurediftheplanehitstheviolentmovementofairunexpectedly.Alwaysfastenyourseatbeltifyouaretoldto.Thegeneralruleofflyingisthis:Ifyouaretoldtodosomething,doitfirstandaskquestionslater.●LettheflightattendantpouryourhotdrinksFlightattendantsaretrainedtohandlehotdrinkslikecoffeeorteainacrowdedaisleonamovingaircraft,soallowthemtopourthedrinkandhandittoyou.Neverasktotakeacoffeepotfromoneofthem.1、Whatisthegeneralreasonfortheseairsafetyrules?A．Whattodointheeventofacrash.B．Howtoavoidsuddenchange.C．Howtoimprovesafetywhileyouareflying.D．Howtoavoidinjury.2、Theunderlinedphrase"Thegeneralrule"inthefifthrefersto.A．a(chǎn)nythingtheflightstafftellyoutodoB．generalsafetyadviceC．walkingaroundtheplaneD．pouringhotdrinks3、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．largerplaneshavemoresafetychecksandaresaferinanaccident.B．Take-offsaresaferonnon-stopflightsthanlanding.C．Everyaircraftisdifferent,sothesafetyproceduresmaybedifferent.D．Seatbeltsshouldbeworntoprotectagainstsuddenchange.4、Thebesttitleshouldbe.A．ThesafestwaytotravelB．AirsafetytipsC．Non-stopRoutesD．Howtotakeaplane22．（8分）VisitorstothegroundsofNewCollegeatEngland’sOxfordUniversitypassunderanirongatewiththeadvice:Mannersmaketheman.Evenafteranappropriateupdateto:Mannersmaketheperson,it’sthought-provoking(引人深思的)—especiallytotoday’sAmericans.Whenwethinkaboutwhatmakestheperson—it’smorelikelythedegree,thejob,thesalary.Sincewhendowecountmannersasameasureofsuccess?Wedoknowthatthesewouldmakelifenicer,ifmoretolerable.However,weforgetoroverlookourmanners.So,itseems,doeseveryoneelse—including,unluckily,ourchildren.Asauniversitypresident,oneofmygreatjoysistovisitourcampusesandseeourstudents,thoughwe’reseparatedbydifferentgenerations,interests,and,ofcoursedressing,eachstudenttellsmesomethingwithinthefirstfewminutesthatwemeet:whetherheorshehasbeentaughtmanners.Isensethisindifferentways:throughherwordsorhergestures,inthewayshelistensorhowhereferstofriendsandfaculty,howshegreetsandsaysgoodbye,howherespondswhenanelderlypersonenterstheroom.Intheabsenceofmanners,however,Imakesomeallowances.Forinstance,themanyethnic(種族的)groupsthatstudentsrepresentoftenhavedifferentexplanationsofwhatmakesupgoodmanners.Inothercases,somestudentsmayrejectwhatthey’velearnedtobreakfromtheirparentsandbeacceptedbyotherstudents.Whetherstudentsarebeingdifferentoropenlyopposing,arecentexperienceIhadwiththemtellsmethatthere’ssomehopeforrevivingandgoodmanners.Goodmannersdon’tjustguaranteeacceptance.Goodmannersopendoorstodeeperconnectionsandmoremeaningfulrolesinoursociety.Goodmannersaregentlesignalsthatshowwecareaboutoneanotherandallowustorelatetoanotherpersoninathoughtfulwaybutatarespectabledistance.1、Whichofthefollowingisseldomamarkofsuccesstopeopletoday?A．Handsomeincome.B．Anacademicdegree.C．HighranksintheofficeD．Politebehavior.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“makesomeallowances”inParagraph4probablymean?A．treattheabsenceofmannersdifferentlyB．rejecttheabsenceofmannersC．opposebadmannerssomehowD．partlypermitbeingintheabsenceofmanners3、Whichofthefollowingisthebenefitbygoodmanners?A．GoodmannersmakespeoplethoughtfulB．GoodmannershelpdeeperconnectionswithothersC．GoodmannersguaranteeacceptanceofourselvesD．Goodmannersinspirepeopletocareaboutoneanother23．（8分）Arecordof6.15milliontripswasmadebyChinesemainlandtouriststooverseasdestinationsduringtheseven-daySpringFestivalholiday，whichendedonThursday，accordingtotheChinaNationalTourismAdministration.'Thatisanincreaseof7percentcomparedwithlastyear'sSpringFestival.About374,000tripswereorganizedbytravelagencies，a2.5percentincrease.Theadministrationalsoreportedgrowthfromindividualandhigh-end(高端的)travelersandsaidthatinadditiontotopandcoastalcities，inlandcities—suchasthoseintheGuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegion—becameimportantsourcemarkets.WithmanyChinesenowtravelingabroadforSpringFestival，theirchoiceofdestinationshasexpandedalongwiththeirgrowinginterestinforeignculturesandservices.“Chinesetouristsareincreasinglywillingtoexperiencelocalculturesandservices，includingstayinginprivatehomes，appreciatingplantsandwatchingmonkeysinhotsprings，”LiXuejing，theagency'smarketingmanager，said.AChinesetouristsurnamedGuo，whowasvacationingonanislandinthePhilippines，said：“Inowpaymoreattentiontorelaxationandenjoymentduringtheholidaysinsteadofshoppingorchoosinggiftsforrelatives.”AnotherchoiceisBritain.Thoughthedevaluation(貨幣貶值)ofthepoundisafactor，Britain'srichhistoryandfamouseducationtraditionhavecaughttheeyeofChinese.1、HowmanytripsweremadetoforeigncountriesduringtheGoldenWeekofthisSpringfestivalholiday?A．6,150,000.B．2,500,000.C．7,000,000.D．374,000.2、WhatcanwelearnaboutsomeinlandcitiesinGuangxi?A．They'rereportedtohavebecomeimportantattractions.B．They'refamousforallkindsofplantsandmonkeys.C．Theyhavethebesthotspringintheworld.D．Theybelongtocoastalsourcemarkets.3、WhatwouldMissGuodoonhervacationaccordingtothetext?A．Goshoppingforgifts.B．Studyforeigncultures.C．Relaxandenjoyherself.D．Chatwithherrelatives.4、Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?A．Aguidebook.B．Anewspaper.C．Ascientificmagazine.D．Anadvertisement.24．（8分）ItwasMother’sDaymorninglastyearandIwasdoingmyshoppingatourlocalsupermarketwithmyfive-year-oldson,Teayson.Aswewereleaving,wefoundthatonlyminutesearlieranelderlywomanhadfallenoverattheentranceandhadhitherbeadontheconcrete.Herhusbandwaswithher,buttherewasbloodeverywhereandthewomanwasembarrassedandclearlyinshock.Walkingtowardsthescene,Tenysonbecameveryupsetaboutwhathadhappenedtothecouple.Ilesaidtome.“Mumsit’snotmuchfunfallingoverinfrontofeveryone.”Atthefrontofthesupermarketacharitygrouphadsetupastandsellingcookedsausagesandflowerstoraisefunds.Tenysonsuggestedthatweshouldboytheladyaflower.“Itwillmakeherfeelbetter,”hesaid.Iwasamazedthathe’dcomeupsuchasweetidea.Sowewentovertotheflowersellerandaskedherifwecouldbuyaflowerfortheladytocheerherup.“Justtakeit,”shereplied.“Ican’ttakeyourmoneyforsuchawonderfulgesture.”Bynowparamedics(救援人員)hadarrived,andwereattendingtheinjuredwoman.Aswewalkeduptoher,mysonbecameintimidatedbyallthebloodandmedicalequipment.Hesaidhewasjusttooscaredtogouptoher.InsteadIgavetheflowertothewoman’shusbandandtoldhim.“Mysonwasveryupsetforyourwifeandwantedtogiveherthisflowertomakeherfeelbetter.”Atthat,theoldmanstartedcryingandsaid,“Thankyousomuch,youhaveawonderfulson,HappyMother’sDaytoyou.”Themanthenbentdownandgavehiswifetheflower,tellingherwhoitwasfrom.Thoughbadlyhurtandshaken,theoldladylookedupatTenysonwithloveinhereyesandgavehimalittlesmile.1、Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?A．OnecanneverbetoocarefulB．Actionsspeaklouderwords,C．Lovebeginswithalittlesmile.D．Asmallactofkindnessbringsagreatjoy.2、WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．TheelderlywomanwasknockeddownbyTenyson.B．Tenyson’sideaofbuyingaflowergainedhisfather’ssupport.C．Tenyson’scarefortheelderlywomanpuzzledtheflowerseller.D．TheelderlywomanwasmovedtotearsbyTenyson’sgesture.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph3referto?A．AcharitygroupB．AstandsellingcookedsausagesandflowersC．AflowerD．Asweetidea4、Theunderlinedword“intimidated”inthefourthparagraphprobablymeans.A．a(chǎn)stonishedB．struckC．frightenedD．excited25．（10分）FollowtheFashion---aNewAgeoftheMacBookProThenewflagshiplaptopscalledtheMacBookProfromApple,availablein13-and15-inchscreensizes,arethinner(0.6inches),lighter(3or4pounds),andfasterthaneverbefore.Thespeakersaremorepowerfulandsoundgreat.Batterylifeis8to10hours,somewhatlessthanthatofpreviousmodels.Besides,they’renotbecominggraduallynarrowerliketheMacBookAir,butthey’rethinnerthantheAirwasatitsthickestpart.That’sright,“was”.TheexistingMacBookAirwillremainavailableforawhile,buttherewon’tbeanymoremodel.ListedinthefollowingaresomeotherappealingfeaturesofthenewMacBookPromodels.ScreenTheMacBookProscreenisamasterpiece.It’ssobright;itcouldlightuparunway.It’saRetinascreen,whichissomethingMacBookAirfanshavewaitedforforever.Thecolorisveryimpressive.Youwilllovesthisscreen.Trackpad（軌跡板）Thetrackpadishuge,twiceaslargeasthepreviousoffering.Itmakesadifferencewhen,forexample,you’repaintinginPhotoshop.KeyboardAllofthenewMacBookPromodelsshareinusingasecond-generationbutterflymechanismkeyboardlikewhat’sfoundonthe12-inchMacBook.Thekeysareveryflatanddon’ttravelmuchatall,whichcanactuallyenableyoutoflywhentyping.1、HowistheMacBookProdifferentfromtheMacBookAir?A．Ithasanarrowershape.B．Ithasamoreadvancedscreen.C．Ithasamorepowerfulbattery.D．Ithasmorecoloroptions.2、WhatcanbelearnedaboutthekeyboardoftheMacBookPro?A．Itsdesignisinspiredbybutterflies.B．ItistailoredfortheMacBookPro.C．Itallowsofanicetypingfeel.D．Itskeysarelargerthantheprevious.3、Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．TocomparetheMacBookProwiththeMacBookAir.B．ToexplainwhytheMacBookProisunique.C．TopersuadetheyoungtobuytheMacBookPro.D．TointroducethenewproductfromApple.第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)．26．（30分）Acoupleofyearsago,therewerebillboardsabouttheachievementsofBostonAthleticAssociation.Besidethephotosweresome1words,expressingthereasonsforrunning.Eachhaddifferentwords,butonereally2.Itwassimple:“BecauseIcan.”Askids,manytalestoldusaboutthespiritofdetermination,ofbelievinginourselves.As3,wedon’talwayshavetalestoteachusthesevaluablelessons.Asaresult,westartmaking4.“BecauseIcan”removestheseexcuses.Itgivesusalessontodothethingsthatwethinkwe5.And,itenablesustobelieveinourselves.Practicing“can”thinkingisimportanttokeepingusyoung,tohavinga(n)6outlook,tostayingactiveandto7ourgoals.Further,itcanhelpus8richerandfullerlives.Thefactthatyouhavetheabilitytodosomethinggivesyouthepowertodoit,9thetaskmightbe.Howcanyouusethepowerof“BecauseIcan”?Herearethreeways:Bemoreactive.10itistogettothestoreorwork,orifitisclimbingthe11insteadoftakingthelift,holdinga“BecauseIcan”12isaneasywaytoincludemoreactivitiesinyourlife.Breakthe“I’mtired”or“Itistoohard”or“Itistoofar”cycle.Increasingyouractivitylevelwill13alotofbenefits.Trysomethingnew.Itiseasyforustomakeexcusesforwhyweshouldn’ttrynewthings.Maybeyouthinkitis14yourcomfortzone.Maybeitseemstoodifficult.Telling15that“Youcan”trysomethingnewwillhelpyouto16pasttheseroadblocksand17newthingsaboutyourselfandpossiblenewinterests.Increaseyourwillpower.Saying“No”toourfavoritethingsisnoteasy.18,developingastrongwillpowerissomethingthatisgoodforyou.19timeyouwanttodosomethingyouthinkyoumight20,trytellingyourselfthatyoucansayno.Youhavethepower.1、A．disappointingB．puzzlingC．satisfyingD．encouraging2、A．stoodoutB．turnedoutC．heldoutD．pickedout3、A．teachersB．runnersC．a(chǎn)dultsD．a(chǎn)udience4、A．differencesB．excusesC．a(chǎn)djustmentsD．preparations5、A．can’tB．mustn’tC．shouldn’tD．needn’t6、A．sensitiveB．positiveC．imaginativeD．objective7、A．developingB．makingC．settingD．reaching8、A．a(chǎn)rrangeB．buildC．leadD．change9、A．whicheverB．wheneverC．whereverD．whatever10、A．WhetherB．IfC．ThoughD．Since11、A．wallB．stairsC．ladderD．hill12、A．mottoB．a(chǎn)ctivityC．a(chǎn)ttitudeD．position13、A．PreserveB．provideC．possessD．protect14、A．besideB．withoutC．beyondD．within15、A．himB．himselfC．youD．yourself16、A．moveB．jumpC．overcomeD．defeat17、A．consultB．informC．discoverD．experience18、A．MoreoverB．HoweverC．ThereforeD．Otherwise19、A．EveryB．EachC．LastD．Next20、A．regretB．requestC．recommendD．remind第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）語法填空。用不多于3個(gè)單詞的正確形式填空TheAmberRoomgotthisnamebecauseitwasmadeofseveraltonsofamber.1．(it)designwasinthefancystylepopularinthosedays.Itwasalsoatreasure2．(decorate)withgoldandjewels.Prussia’sbestartistsspentabouttenyears3．(make)it.TheroomwasfirstdesignedforthepalaceofFrederickI.However,thenextking,FrederickWilliamI,to4．theamberroombelonged,gaveittoPetertheGreatin1716.5．return,PetertheGreatsenthimatroopofhisbestsoldiers.Later,CatherineIIhadtheamberRoommovedtoapalaceoutsideStPetersburgwhereshespenthersummers.Andmore6．(detail)wereaddedtotheroom.Theroom7．(complete)thewayshewantedin1770.DuringWorldWarII,someoftheNazis8．(secret)stoletheroomitself.OnthewaytoKonisberg,theroomwasmissing.Afterthat,whathappenedtotheAmberRoomremains9．mystery.Recently,anewAmberRoomhasbeenbuiltbytheRussiansand10．(Germany)tocelebratethe300thbirthdayofStPetersburg.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿分10分）28．（10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1、每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2、只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。IparticipatedtheSecondarySchoolPrograminHarvardlastsummer、Ispendhalfofthedayonmyclassandhomework，andthenI'dbefreetodothatIwanted、Sincemycoursewasan8-creditcourse，itwasalotfastthanothersummerschoolcourse、Ihadtolearnhowtokeepupwiththepaceofmyclassandfigureouthowtostudyefficient、Forme，takenoteswasofgreathelp、Duringmystudy，IalsogottoknowmanyprofessorswhowasavailableforextrahelpwheneverIneededit、TheresourcesandopportunitiescombinedwiththeenvironmentheremademewanttoattendtoHarvardevenmore、NowbackinChina，Ioftenmisstheexperienceofstudyingabroad、2第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）29．（25分）針對最近報(bào)道的“扶起摔倒的老人而官司纏身”，“救人反而惹來麻煩”等事件，你們班開展了一次主題班會(huì)：老人摔倒，你會(huì)伸手去扶嗎？請結(jié)合討論情況寫一篇短文，并發(fā)表自己的看法。贊成幫助幫助他人是我們的職責(zé)，是中華民族的良好傳統(tǒng)等反對幫助現(xiàn)在有些人喪失良知，幫助他們會(huì)惹來麻煩，官司纏身等你的看法……注意：1.詞數(shù)：100左右；1．開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Recently,ourclassheldaheateddiscussionaboutwhetherweshouldlendahelpinghandwhenanoldmanhasafall.Theopinionsvaryfrompersontoperson._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1、D2、A3、C4、C5、D6、D7、D8、D9、D10、C11、A12、B13、D14、C15、D16、B17、C18、B19、D20、A第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21、Spaceiswhereourfutureis—tripstotheMoon,Marsandbeyond.Mostpeoplewouldthinkthatasidefromcomets(彗星)andstars,thereislittleelseoutthere.But,sinceourspacejourneystartedwehaveleftsomuchtrash（垃圾）therethatscientistsarenowconcernedthatifwedon'tcleanitup,wemayallbeinmortal（致命的）danger.Thefirstpieceofspacejunkwascreatedin1964,whentheAmericansatelliteVanguardIstoppedoperatingandlostitsconnectionwiththegroundcenter.However,sinceitkeptorbitingaroundtheEarthwithoutanyconsequences,scientistsbecameincreasinglycomfortableabandoning（拋棄）thingsthatnolongerservedanyusefulpurposeinspace.Itisestimated（估計(jì)）thattherearenowover500,000piecesofman-madetrashorbitingtheEarthatspeedsofupto17,500milesperhour.Thejunkvariesfromtinypiecesofpaintchippedoffrocketstocameras,hugefueltanks,andevenodditemslikethemillion-dollartoolkitthatastronautHeidemarieStefanyshynPiperlostduringaspacewalk.Themajorproblemwiththespacetrashisthatitmayhitworkingsatellitesanddamagetravelingspacecraft(飛船).Moreover,piecesofjunkmaycollide（碰撞）witheachotherandbreakintopieceswhichfallbacktotheEarth.Toavoidthis,scientistshaveinventedseveralwaysforclearingthesky.Groundstationshavebeenbuilttomonitorlargerpiecesofspacetrashtopreventthemfromcrashingintoworkingsatellitesorspaceshuttles.Futureplansincludeacooperativeeffortamongmanynationstostoplitteringinspaceandtocleanupthetrashalreadythere.5、Whatwasthefirstpieceofman-madespacetrash-?A．Acamera. B．Atoolkit.C．Afueltank. D．Abrokensatellite.6、WhywerescientistsNOTconcernedaboutspacetrashinthebeginning?A．Itnolongerservedanyusefulpurpose.B．ItwasmillionsofmilesawayfromtheEarth.C．Itdidnotcauseanyproblems.D．Itwasregardedassimilartocometsandstars.7、Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutspacejunk?-A．Itishuge,heavymachines.B．Itneverchangesposition.C．ItfloatsslowlyaroundtheEarth.D．Itmaycauseproblemsforspaceshuttles.8、Whathasbeendoneaboutthespacetrashproblem-?A,Scientistshavecleanedupmostofthetrash.A．Largepiecesofspacetrasharebeingcloselywatched.B．Manynationshaveworkedtogethertostoppollutingspace.C．Groundstationsarebuilttohelpstorethetrashproperlyinspace.22、Imaginethatyou’relookingatyourcompany-issuedsmartphoneandyounoticeane-mailfromLinkedln:“Thesecompaniesarelookingforcandidateslikeyou!”Youaren’tnecessarilysearchingforajob,butyou’realwaysopentoopportunities,sooutofcuriosity,youclickonthelink.Afewminuteslateryourbossappearsatyourdesk.“We’venoticedthatyou’respendingmoretimeonLinkedlnlately,soIwantedtotalkwithyouaboutyourcareerandwhetheryou’rehappyhere,”shesays.Uh-oh.It’sanawkwardscene.Attrition(損耗)hasalwaysbeenexpensiveforcompanies,butinmanyindustriesthecostoflosinggoodworkersisrising,owingtotightlabormarkets.Thuscompaniesaremakinggreatereffortstopredictwhichworkersareathighriskofleavingsothatmanagerscantrytostopthem.Methodsrangefromelectronicmonitortowell-designedanalysesofemployees’socialmedialives.Someofthisworkmaybeareasontoletemployeestoquit.Ingeneral,peopleleavetheirjobsbecausetheydon’tliketheirboss,don’tseeopportunitiesforpromotionorgrowth,orareofferedahigherpay;thesereasonshaveheldsteadyforyears.NewresearchconductedbyCEB,aWashington-basedtechnologycompany,looksnotjustatwhyworkersquitbutalsoatwhen.“We’velearnedthatwhatreallyaffectspeopleistheirsenseofhowthey’redoingcomparedwithotherpeopleintheirpeergroup,orwithwheretheythoughttheywouldbeatacertainpointinlife,saysBrianKropp,whoheadsCEB’sHRpractice.“We’velearnedtofocusonmomentsthatallowpeopletomakethesecomparisons.”Technologyalsoprovidescluesa