PAGEPAGE11.雖然采取行動(dòng)不能保證我們立即獲得成功,也不能排除我們偶爾失誤的可能性,但它會(huì)促使我們進(jìn)步,以使我們有朝一日實(shí)現(xiàn)宏偉的志向.Whileactiondoesnotguaranteeinstantaneoussuccess,nordoesit

precludethepossibilityof

(1.排除……的可能性)making

theoccasionalmisstep(2.偶爾的失誤),itwillhelptomoveusforwardsothatour

lofty

(3.宏偉的)ambitionsmayonedaybefulfilled.

1-排除……的可能性precludethepossibilityof

詞典釋義：precludeUK

[pr?'klu：d]

US

[pr?-]

formal

verb

transitive

■topreventsomethingormakeitimpossible,orpreventsomeonefromdoingsomething

排除,防止,杜絕;阻礙

?Hiscontract

precludes

him

from

discussinghisworkwithanyoneoutsidethecompany.合約中禁止他與公司外的人談?wù)摴ぷ??Thefactthatyourapplicationwasnotsuccessfulthistimedoesnot

preclude

thepossibilityofyouapplyingagainnexttime.這次應(yīng)征失敗并不妨礙你下次再來(lái)應(yīng)征.

外刊例句：Borrows'sreputationasadealmakerindicatesMontaguebelievesthetimeisripeforfurtherinvestment,althoughthatdoesn't

precludethepossibilityof

asharebuybackofupto￡300mthisyear.

()鮑威爾以精于股票交易聞名,這意味著蒙太古公司認(rèn)為是時(shí)候進(jìn)行更多投資了,當(dāng)然這仍無(wú)法排除今年該公司可能贖買(mǎi)價(jià)值超過(guò)3000萬(wàn)榜的股票.

替換表達(dá)：exclude/ruleoutthe

possibility

ofsomething

2-偶爾的失誤theoccasionalmisstep

詞典釋義：

misstep

mis·step/

?m?s.st?p

;

?m?s-step

/nounCAmE

1.amistake,especiallyonethatiscausedbynotunderstandingasituationcorrectly〔尤指判斷上的〕錯(cuò)誤;失策：?Amisstepherecouldcostmillionsofdollars.這里的一個(gè)失誤可能會(huì)造成數(shù)百萬(wàn)美元的損失.

外刊例句：HertwocentralcharactersareMrPutinhimself,whosecloyinglyinsincerepublicutterancesand

occasionalmistakes

shedescribeswithsavageglee;andRamzanKadyrov,whomshedescribesrepeatedly—andbravely—asa"lunatic”.

()她書(shū)中有兩大角色,其一是普京,他慣于在公眾面前裝腔作勢(shì)地撒謊且偶有出丑,而她把此描述為體現(xiàn)了原始的歡樂(lè);至于另一位角色拉姆塞·卡慕斯基,她反復(fù)稱其勇敢得"像個(gè)瘋子”.

替換表達(dá)：makemistakesoccasionally

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：Incidental

missteps點(diǎn)評(píng)：用詞不當(dāng),incidental含義是"次要的;附帶的”,例如：Thepointsyoumakearetrue,butthey'reincidentaltothemainproblem.你的看法都正確,但它們對(duì)主要問(wèn)題而言只是枝節(jié)性的.

3-宏偉的lofty

詞典釋義：lofty

●○○○○1.ADJ-GRADED能被表示程度的副詞或介詞詞組修飾的形容詞

崇高的;高尚的

A

lofty

idealorambitionisnoble,important,andadmirable.?Itwasabankthatstartedoutwithgrandideasand

lofty

ideals...這是一家創(chuàng)辦伊始抱有雄心壯志的銀行.

?Amidthechaos,hehad

lofty

aims.盡管身處混亂之中,他卻懷有崇高的目標(biāo).

外刊例句：This

lofty

ambitionhasdrawnlaughterandscornonline.

()這宏大志向在網(wǎng)上遭到了嘲笑和鄙夷.

替換表達(dá)：great/high

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：Magnificent

ambitions點(diǎn)評(píng)：magnificent一般指景色、文學(xué)作品、表演或者建筑這些實(shí)物很宏偉美麗,它通常不能用來(lái)修飾ambition這類抽象事物.

2.缺乏雄心或行動(dòng)必然會(huì)使我們的生活陷入平庸.而把它們兩者結(jié)合起來(lái)才是我們走上成功道路的秘訣.Alackofeitherambitionoractionwillinevitablyleadustoalifeof

mediocrity(1.平庸).Incombination,however,theyrepresentthe

winningformula

(2.成功的秘訣)thatwillputusontheroadtosuccess.

1-平庸mediocrity

詞典釋義：mediocrityUK

[?mi：.di'?k.r?.ti]

US

[-'ɑ：.kr?.t?i]

noun

countable

or

uncountable

■thequalityofbeingnotverygood;apersonwhoisnotverygoodatsomething

平庸;平庸之材

?Agoaljustbeforehalf-timerescuedthematchfrom

mediocrity.在半場(chǎng)快要結(jié)束時(shí)的一個(gè)進(jìn)球使這場(chǎng)比賽沒(méi)有流于平庸.?Thesepeoplearejust

mediocrities

(=peoplewhodonothavemuchskillorabilityatanything).這些人只是平庸之輩.

外刊例句：Fromtoptobottom,Americansocceriswrappedinacultureofcottonwoolwherenooneischallenged,

mediocrity

isrewarded,andtherearerarelyconsequencesforfailure.

()整個(gè)體系上下,美國(guó)足球一直處于"嬌生慣養(yǎng)”的文化中,沒(méi)有誰(shuí)需要面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn),保持中庸就能有利可圖,甚至連失敗都沒(méi)什么后果可言.

替換表達(dá)：ordinariness

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：Commonness點(diǎn)評(píng)：commonness是指"(某事)經(jīng)常發(fā)生;缺乏品味”,不能用commonness來(lái)指"平庸”.

2-成功的秘訣winningformula

詞典釋義：formula2.N-SING單數(shù)名詞

方案;方法

A

formulafor

aparticularsituation,usuallyagoodone,isacourseofactionoracombinationofactionsthatiscertainorlikelytoresultinthatsituation.?Afterhewasofficiallypronouncedtheworld'soldestman,heofferedthissimple

formula

foralongandhappylife...在他被正式宣布為世界上最年長(zhǎng)的人后,他給出了這樣一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的快樂(lè)長(zhǎng)壽的秘訣.

?Cleverexploitationofthelatesttechnologywouldbeasure

formula

forsuccess...對(duì)最新技術(shù)的靈活利用必將帶來(lái)成功.

?Thissocialismdoesnotafterallofferamagic

formula

forprosperityandhumandignity.這種社會(huì)主義說(shuō)到底并不能提供實(shí)現(xiàn)富足和人格尊嚴(yán)的神奇方案.

外刊例句：Afterearningmultipleawardsandhugeaudiences,"XiYangyang”("PleasantGoatandBigBigWolf”)isbeingforcedtochangeits

winningformula,whichhasincludedcopiousamountsofcallouscartoonviolence.

()喜洋洋系列動(dòng)畫(huà)在贏得各大獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)與大量觀眾后,現(xiàn)在正被迫改變其成功方案,因?yàn)檫@方案里面有著大量冷漠無(wú)情的暴力內(nèi)容.

替換表達(dá)：thesecretofsuccess/awinningcombination/thekeytosuccess

3.逆境是一種能使頭腦和靈魂更加堅(jiān)韌的手段.雖然并不是每個(gè)人都可以在不幸中生存下來(lái),但那些能生存下來(lái)的人通常發(fā)生了積極而深刻的變化.Adversityisameansof

strengtheningthemindandsoul(1.使頭腦和靈魂更加堅(jiān)韌).Althoughnoteveryonecansurvivemisfortune,thosewhodoareoften

transformedinprofoundandpositiveways(2.發(fā)生了積極而深刻的變化).

1-使頭腦和靈魂更加堅(jiān)韌strengtheningthemindandsoul這里soul之前是不需要加定冠詞the的,其實(shí)無(wú)論是a還是the都有這種用法,即在兩個(gè)或多個(gè)并列名詞中,省略重復(fù)性質(zhì)的a/the,尤其是當(dāng)這些名詞相關(guān)性很強(qiáng)時(shí).例如Iaskedhertopassmethepencil,eraser,andpencilsharpener.

詞典釋義：strengthen['stre?.θ?n]

verb

intransitive

or

transitive

IMPROVER

■tomakesomethingstrongerormoreeffective,ortobecomestrongerormoreeffective

增強(qiáng),加強(qiáng);鞏固

?Theyhavebeen

strengthening

theirborderdefencesinpreparationforwar.他們一直在為備戰(zhàn)而強(qiáng)化邊防.?Hisbattleagainstcancerhas

strengthened

his

belief

inGod.他跟癌癥的斗爭(zhēng)堅(jiān)定了他對(duì)上帝的信仰.?Theaccident

strengthens

the

case

forbettersafetymeasuresatfairgrounds.這宗事故充分顯示露天游樂(lè)場(chǎng)的安全防護(hù)需要加強(qiáng).?Thebankloanhasgreatly

strengthened

ourfinancialposition.銀行的貸款大大加強(qiáng)了我們的財(cái)力.?Theorganization'saimisto

strengthen

theculturaltiesbetweenBritainandGermany.這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)的宗旨是加強(qiáng)英德兩國(guó)的文化聯(lián)系.?TheriseinUSinterestratescausedthedollarto

strengthen

(=increaseinvalue)

against

alltheAsiancurrencies.美國(guó)加息導(dǎo)致美元對(duì)所有亞洲貨幣升值.

外刊例句：HundredsofthousandsreadIshmaelBeah'swonderfulALongWayGone(FourthEstate),whichbroughtusinto

themindandsoul

ofachildsoldierinSierraLeone.()成千上萬(wàn)人讀了伊斯梅爾精彩絕倫的小說(shuō)《長(zhǎng)路漫漫》,本書(shū)帶領(lǐng)讀者身臨其境地感受一位塞拉利昂童兵的遭遇.

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

makebrainsandsoulsbecomemorestrength點(diǎn)評(píng)：strength是名詞,沒(méi)有become

morestrength的用法,這里可以改為make

brainsandsoulsstronger(2)

renderourmindandsoulstronger點(diǎn)評(píng)：rendersomethingadj.一般是表達(dá)負(fù)面含義,例如rendersomething

obsolete/impossible/unfitetc.

在這里用renderourmindandsoulstronger不妥.

2-發(fā)生了積極而深刻的變化transformedinprofoundandpositiveways詞典釋義：transformUK

[tr?ns'f?：m]

US

[-'f?：rm]

verb

transitive

IMPROVER

■tochangecompletelytheappearanceorcharacterofsomethingorsomeone,especiallysothattheyareimproved

使徹底改觀;使大變樣

?Thereorganizationwill

transform

theBritishentertainmentindustry.這次重組將使英國(guó)的娛樂(lè)業(yè)大為改觀.?[R]Wheneveracamerawaspointedather,Marilynwouldinstantly

transform

herself

into

aradiantstar.每當(dāng)攝像機(jī)對(duì)準(zhǔn)她的時(shí)候,瑪麗蓮會(huì)立刻將自己變成一個(gè)耀眼的明星.

外刊例句：Inaninstant,hislifewas

transformed

inawaythatnoindividualhadpreviouslyexperienced.()轉(zhuǎn)眼間,其生活就改變了,變得獨(dú)一無(wú)二,與眾不同.

替換表達(dá)：undergo

positiveandprofoundchanges

4.逆境能增強(qiáng)人們的適應(yīng)力.在渡過(guò)悲慘的境遇,比如離婚、失業(yè)或者貧窮之后,人們能夠獲得情感和智力上的素質(zhì)能力,這種素質(zhì)能力對(duì)于解決他們未來(lái)可能會(huì)遇到的困難至關(guān)重要.Adversitycanmakepeoplemore

resilient(1.適應(yīng)力強(qiáng)).Bysurvivingtragiccircumstances,suchasdivorce,unemploymentorpoverty,peoplecangainthe

emotionalandintellectualresources(2.情感和智力上的素質(zhì)能力)necessarytoconfrontanyfuturestrugglestheymayface.

1-適應(yīng)力強(qiáng)resilientresilient/resilience指的是遇到困難、遭遇困境、失敗之后能重新鼓起勇氣和信心.

詞典釋義：resilient[r?'z?l.i.?nt]

adjective

■abletoquicklyreturntoapreviousgoodcondition

有彈性的;能復(fù)原的;有復(fù)原力的;適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)的

?Thisrubberballisvery

resilient

andimmediatelyspringsbackintoshape.這種橡膠球很有彈性,可以立即恢復(fù)原來(lái)的形狀.?She'sa

resilient

girl-shewon'tbeunhappyforlong.她是個(gè)適應(yīng)力很強(qiáng)的女孩兒——她不會(huì)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沉浸于悲傷之中的.

外刊例句：Cityleadersaroundtheworldarelookingtomaketheircitiesmore

resilient：abletocopewithemergenciesandprovideasafe,sustainableplaceforcitizens.

()世界各地的城市領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者正想方設(shè)法讓其城市變得適應(yīng)力更強(qiáng)：能解決各類緊急事故、給市民提供安全可靠的居住環(huán)境.

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：Suitability點(diǎn)評(píng)：suitability是指"合適,適宜”,例如：hissuitabilityasafather他作為父親的稱職情況,suitability不能理解為"適應(yīng)力”.

2-情感和智力上的素質(zhì)能力emotionalandintellectualresources表示應(yīng)對(duì)困境的個(gè)人素質(zhì)(勇氣、決心等各種能力的綜合)時(shí),多用復(fù)數(shù)resources;表示處理問(wèn)題的實(shí)際的智謀、手段時(shí),用resource,不可數(shù).

詞典釋義：

resourceUK

[r?'z?：s/

UK

['ri：.s?：s]

US

['ri：.s?：rs]

noun

ESSENTIAL

countable

usuallyplural

■ausefulorvaluablepossessionorqualityofacountry,organizationorperson

資源;財(cái)力;素質(zhì)

?Thecountry'sgreatest

resource

isthededicationofitsworkers.這個(gè)國(guó)家最大的資源就是勞動(dòng)者的奉獻(xiàn)精神.?Britain'smineral

resources

includeoil,coalandgasdeposits.英國(guó)的礦產(chǎn)資源包括石油、煤炭和天然氣.uncountable

formal

for

*resourcefulness

UK

[r?'z?：s/

UK

['ri：.s?：s]

US

['ri：.s?：rs]

noun

haveinnerresources

■tohavetheabilitytohelpyourselfmanageorachievesomething

擁有內(nèi)在素質(zhì);具有內(nèi)在力量;具有精神力量

?Hecan'tcopewithdifficultsituationsonhisown-hehasnoinner

resources.他不能獨(dú)力應(yīng)付困難局