課時作業(yè)(十五)Unit3PartⅢLesson2WaronPlasticPackets閱讀理解AAnimalscanmovefromplacetoplace,butplantscannot,Whenananimalisunderattack,itcanrunawayorfightback,Plantscertainlycannotrunaway,andtheylackteethandclaws.Butplantscandefendthemselvesbyusingbothphysicalandchemicalmeans.Someplantshavetheirownwaystokeepanimalsaway.Forexample,theleavesofthehollyplanthavesharpspines(刺)thatdiscouragegrass-eatinganimals.Hollyonlowerbrancheshavemorespinesthanleavesonupperbranches.Thisisbecausethelowerleavesareeasierformostanimalstoreach.Someplants,suchastheoaktree,havethickandhardleavesthataredifficultforanimalstoeat.Somegrassmaycontainasandymaterial;eatingsuchgrasswearsdowntheanimals'teeth.Manyplantsalsohavechemicaldefenses.Someplantsproducechemicalsthattastebitterorcauseanunpleasantreaction.Someplantsmayfightagainstanattackbyincreasingtheproductionofthesechemicals.Whenacaterpillar(毛蟲)bitesatobaccoleaf,theleafproducesachemicalmessenger.Thismessengersendstherootstheinformationtoproducemorenicotine.Thehigherlevelsofnicotinediscouragethecaterpillar.Manyplantsdependonbothphysicalandchemicaldefenses.AcertainplantinChina,forinstance,hasprickly(多刺的)leaves,andeachpricklecontainspoisonousvenom(毒液).Asingleexperiencewiththiskindofplantwillteachananimaltostayawayfromitinthefuture.1．Theleavesofthehollyplanthavemorespinesonthelowerbranchesbecausemostanimals________.A．a(chǎn)renottallenoughB．likethelowerleavesonlyC．a(chǎn)renotcleverenoughD．cangetthelowerleaveseasily2．Todefendthemselves,oaktreesuse________.A．chemicalmeansB．physicalmeansC．bitterchemicalsD．sandymaterials3．Howdoestobaccoprotectitselfagainstanattackfromacaterpillar?A．Itsleavesfightagainsttheattackbyphysicalmeans.B．Itsrootssendamessengertodiscouragethecaterpillar.C．Itsrootsincreasetheproductionofnicotinewhenitisattacked.D．Itsleavesproducepoisonoussandtodrivethecaterpillaraway.4．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．PlantsandAnimalsB．HowPlantsDefendThemselvesC．AttacksandDefensesD．HowAnimalsEatPlants'LeavesBSurvivingHurricaneSandy(颶風(fēng)桑迪)NatalieDoan,14,hasalwaysfeltluckytoliveinRockaway,NewYork.Livingjustafewblocksfromthebeach,Nataliecanseetheoceanandhearthewavesfromherhouse.“It'stheoceanthatmakesRockawaysospecial，”shesays.OnOctober29,2012,thatoceanturnedfierce.Thatnight,HurricaneSandyattackedtheEastCoast,andRockawaywashitespeciallyhard.Fortunately,Natalie'sfamilyescapedtoBrooklynshortlybeforethecity'sbridgesclosed.WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextday,theyfoundtheirneighborhoodinruins.ManyofNatalie'sfriendshadlosttheirhomesandwerelivingfaraway.Allaroundher,peopleweresuffering,especiallytheelderly.Natalie'sschoolwassodamagedthatshehadtotemporarilyattendaschoolinBrooklyn.Inthefollowingfewdays,themenandwomenhelpingRockawayrecoverinspiredNatalie.Volunteerscamewithcarloadsofdonatedclothingandtoys.Neighborsdevotedtheirsparetimetohelpingothersrebuild.Teenagersclimbeddozensofflightsofstairstodeliverwaterandfoodtoelderlypeopletrappedinpowerlesshigh-risebuildings.“MymomtellsmethatIcan'tcontrolwhathappenstome，”Nataliesays，“butIcanalwayschoosehowIdealwithit.”Natalie'schoicewastohelp.Shecreatedawebsitepage,matchingsurvivorsinneedwithdonorswhowantedtohelp.NataliepostedinformationaboutaboynamedPatrick,wholosthisbaseballcardcollectionwhenhishouseburneddown.Withindays,Patrick'scollectionwasreplaced.Inthecomingmonths,herwebsitepagehelpedlotsofkids:Christopher,whoreceivedanewbasketball;Charlie,whogotanewkeyboard.Nataliealsoworkedwithotherorganizationstobringmuch-neededsuppliestoRockaway.Hereffortsmadeherafamousperson.LastApril,shewasinvitedtotheWhiteHouseandhonoredasaHurricaneSandyChampionofChange.Today,thescars(創(chuàng)痕)ofdestructionarestillseeninRockaway,buthopeisintheair.Thestreetsareclear,andmanyhomeshavebeenrebuilt.“Ican'timaginelivinganywherebutRockaway，”Nataliedeclares.“Myneighborhoodwillbeback,evenstrongerthanbefore.”5．WhenNataliereturnedtoRockawayafterthehurricane,shefound________.A．somefriendshadlosttheirlivesB．herneighborhoodwasdestroyedC．herschoolhadmovedtoBrooklynD．theelderlywerefreefromsuffering6．AccordingtoParagraph4,whoinspiredNataliemost?A．ThepeoplehelpingRockawayrebuild.B．Thepeopletrappedinhigh-risebuildings.C．Thevolunteersdonatingmoneytosurvivors.D．Localteenagersbringingclothingtoelderlypeople.7．HowdidNataliehelpthesurvivors?A．Shegavehertoystootherkids.B．Shetookcareofyoungerchildren.C．ShecalledontheWhiteHousetohelp.D．Shebuiltaninformationsharingplatform.8．Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?A．LittlepeoplecanmakeabigdifferenceB．AfriendinneedisafriendindeedC．Eastorwest,homeisbestD．TechnologyispowerCOnWorldMentalHealthDay(10October),employeesatourMelbourneofficeinAustralia,heldamorningteaeventtoraisefundsforReachOutAustralia—anonlinementalhealthorganizationforyoungpeopleandtheirparents.Theeventincludedaraffle(抽獎)withthewinnerreceivingafree“mentalhealthday”andtherunnerupreceivingahalf-day.Mentalhealthdaysarepersonaldaystakenoffofworkthatarenotdeducted(扣除)fromannualleavebalances.Theyaredesignedtoenableemployeestopracticeself-careandspendtimedoingmoreofwhatmakesthemfeelhappyandrefreshed.Aswellasthemorningtea,theMelbourneofficehelda“StressDownDay”whereemployeesworecasual,comfortableclothes(suchastracksuitsandslippers)toworkbydonation.TheproceedsfromthiswerealsodonatedtoReachOutAustralia,alongwithmoneyraisedatthemorningtea.OUPHR(牛津高校出版社人力資源)AdministratorAbigailJenkins,explains，“BeingabletoraisemoneyforReachOutAustraliaissomeaningfulasmanyyoungpeopleinAustraliaexperienceclinicallysignificantmentalhealthissuesbutarenotreceivingsupport.It'smybeliefthatnobodyshouldbesufferinglikethat,letaloneouryoungpeople.Supportinganorganizationthataimstoprovidefree,accessible,andimmediatehelpisreallymeaningfultoeveryonehere.”Inordertopromotementalhealthawarenesswithintheteam,thevariousfundraisingactivitiesweresupportedbyapresentationfromtheBlackDogInstitute,coveringmentalhealthintheworkplace,howtorecognizeearlywarningsigns,andhowtocareforourselvesandothers.9．WhydidthestaffmembersofMelbourneofficeholdthemorningteaevent?A．TocelebrateWorldMentalDay.B．Tohelptreatthosewithdisabilities.C．Tocollectmoneyforyoungpeopleandtheirparents.D．Tocollectmoneyforanonlinementalhealthorganization.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”inParagraph2referto?A．Balances.B．Events.C．Organizations.D．Mentalhealthdays.11．WhatcanbeinferredfromAbigailJenkins'words?A．Manyyoungpeopleoffertohelp.B．ManyyoungpeoplesuffermentalproblemsinAustralia.C．Weshouldsupportanorganizationtohelpthosewithmentalhealthproblems.D．Manypeoplewithmentalhealthproblemsdon'tgethelpfromthegovernment.12．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．HowisWorldMentalHealthDayformed.B．ReachOutAustraliacarriedoutapresentationforthosewithmentalproblems.C．FundraisingactivitiesareheldtosupportthosewithmentalhealthproblemsinAustralia.D．TheBlackDogInstituteperformedactivitiestosupportthosewithmentalhealthproblems.課時作業(yè)(十五)閱讀理解A【語篇解讀】文章屬于說明文。介紹不能移動的植物是如何愛護自己的，有些植物實行了物理學(xué)上的方法，有些實行了化學(xué)上的方法，使自己免受動物的損害，愛護自己。1．答案與解析：D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段中的Thisisbecausethelowerleavesareeasierformostanimalstoreach.可知選D項。2．答案與解析：B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的Someplants,suchastheoaktree,havethickandhardleavesthataredifficultforanimalstoeat.可知橡樹有厚的、堅硬的葉子，運用的是物理學(xué)上的方法來愛護自己。故B項正確。3．答案與解析：C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中的Whenacaterpillar(毛蟲)bitesatobaccoleaf,theleafproducesachemicalmessenger.Thismessengersendstherootstheinformationtoproducemorenicotine.可知樹根引起分泌出更多的尼古丁，故C項正確。4．答案與解析：B主旨大意題。本文主要講解并描述的是不能移動的植物是如何愛護自己的，有些植物實行了物理學(xué)上的方法，有些實行了化學(xué)上的方法，使自己免受動物的損害，愛護自己。B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道，講解并描述了一個女孩在家鄉(xiāng)小鎮(zhèn)遭受颶風(fēng)后，盡自己的力氣創(chuàng)建了一個信息共享網(wǎng)站來幫助人們重建家園。文章告知我們：只要盡力，小人物也會有大貢獻。5．答案與解析：B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第三段第一句WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextday,theyfoundtheirneighborhoodinruins.可知Natalie回到Rockaway時，發(fā)覺社區(qū)的房子都被毀了。故選B。6．答案與解析：A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第四段第一句Inthefollowingfewday,themen...inspiredNatalie.可知，是那些幫助重建Rockaway的人們鼓舞了Natalie。故選A。7．答案與解析：D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第七段第一句Shecreatedawebsitepage,matchingsurvivorsinneedwithdonorswhowantedtohelp.可知，Natalie創(chuàng)建了一個信息共享平臺來幫助生還者。故選D。8．答案與解析：A寫作意圖題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講解并描述了一個小女孩在家鄉(xiāng)遭受颶風(fēng)后，盡自己的力氣幫助生還者的故事。文章旨在告知我們：在危機來臨時，每個人都可以貢獻出自己的一份力氣。A項“小人物也會有大貢獻”符合文章主旨。故選A。C【語篇