學(xué)年金山區(qū)第一學(xué)期質(zhì)量監(jiān)控2024年2024年12月(時(shí)間105分鐘，分值115分)Grammarandvocabulary(20分)SectionA(10分)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.FrybreadInoneversionofhis1996song“Frybread”,rockartistKeithSecolasang:“Youcan’tdomuchwithsugar,flour,lardandsalt.Butyoucanaddonefundamentalingredient:love.”Sinceitscreationinthe1800s,thesubjectofSecola’ssong,frybread,(1)__________(become)aculturallysignificantcomfortfoodwithinlocalcommunitiesacrossCanadaandAmerica.Thetaste,colourandsizeofthesefrieddough(生面團(tuán))discsdifferacrossthecontinent,witheachfamilyandcommunityaddingtheirowntouch.Oneonlinecommentsays,“Yourmom’soryouraunt’sfrybread(2)__________neverbemadebyanyoneelseintheworld.”(3)__________thevariety,mostversionshaveafewthingsincommon.Thebasicingredientsareflour,bakingpowderorsoda,andsalt,(4)__________aremixedtogetherintoadoughballusingwater,milkorbuttermilk.Afterlettingitrise,theball(5)__________(divide)intopieces,rolledintodiscsandthenfrieduntilbubbly,goldenandcrispy.Eventhoughwidelyloved,thereisnodenyingthatthetreatisheavilyloadedwithcalories–onepieceof500caloriesand20gramsoffat.Besides,itisalsoapainfulsymbolofsurvival.OneoriginstorysaysthebreadwasfirstmadebytheDiné.In1864,theDinéwereforcedtoleavetheirtraditionalhomelandineasternArizonaandwesternNewMexicoandwalkthenearly500-kilometrejourney,(6)__________(know)astheLongWalk.Hundredsofthemdiedofstarvationalongtheway.(7)__________,amongthecheapingredients,wasgiventothembytheU.S.governmentasdailyrationswaswheatflourpreviouslyunknowntothem.Asthelegendgoes,theDinéfriedtheoftenspoiledflourtokilloffparasites(寄生蟲).Today,afood-valuingmovement,(8)__________(aim)tobringbacktraditionaldiets,isbooming.However,thedietsdon’tincludefrybread.“Thereisnooraltradition(9)__________(teach)aboutfrybread,”wroteDevonA.Mihesuah,ahistorianaswellasaprofessorattheUniversityofKansas.(10)______________________________thefutureholdsforfrybread,itwillalwaysstandasprooftotheadaptabilityofthosenativecommunities.Asanenduringfood,frybreadhasdemonstrateditslastingsignificance.SectionB(10分)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.access B.firmly C.grounded D.identity E.insistenceF.locally G.luxurious H.place I.reduced J.resistant K.scaleChangeofheartItwasOctober2005.Thedestructiveearthquake,killingsome79,000peopleinPakistan,IndiaandAfghanistanaweekearlier,had(11)__________thevalleytomudandbrokenstones.Lari,Pakistan’sfirstfemalearchitect,wastheretohelpleadthereconstructionofsettlements.Lariwasoncefamousfordesigningtowersofglassandconcrete.Overthedecades,shehasbeenknownasthe“starchitect”bytakingpartinmanycommercialprojects,attractedbytheircreativefreedom,largebudgetsand(12)__________materials.Accordingtoher,“itwasaveryexcitingfeeling.”Yetshefoundwaystostay(13)__________.“IrealizedIwasjustworkingwithrichpeople,”shesays.Shecouldnolongerjustifyfashioningbuildingsoutofunsustainablematerialslikemirroredglasswhenmillionshadlimited(14)__________tohousingandevenwater.That’swhyshedecidedtomoveon.Andhere,inthisdisaster-strickenarea,she’dbedrawingplanstomakehomes(15)__________toearthquakes,usingstoneandtimberdebris(木材碎片).Pakistan’slocationandenvironment(16)__________itwithinthetoptencountriesmostimpactedbyclimatechangeeventhoughthecountryitselfemits(散發(fā))lessthan1%ofglobalgreenhousegases.Ironically,rebuildingprojectsfundedbygovernmentstendtouseconcreteandmanyotherexpensive,non-localbuildingsupplies.Incontrast,Lari’sshelters,inspiredbytraditionaldesignsandmadewithsustainablematerialswhichcanbesourced(17)__________,suchasbamboo,standuptodisastersbetter.Lari’s(18)__________onlow-cost,zero-wasteandzero-carbonbuildingsreflectshercommitmenttotheplanet.Shesaysabout60,000zero-carbonhouseshavebeenbuiltsince2010.Next,shewantsto(19)__________upandrestoreonemillionhouseholds.Atage83,Laristilloftenrecallsofthoseearlydays.Ononevisit,villagerspulledouttheirbestchairsandtable.“Theyhadlosteverything,”shesays,“buttheycoveredthisdamagedtablewithabeautifulcloth.Andthentheyserveduswiththeirbest-knownspecialties:biscuits,teaandeggs.”Shesayssheisstillre-engineeringher(20)__________–from“starchitect”tohumanitarian.Anddoingdisaster-reliefworkfeelsdeeplyright.ReadingComprehension(45分)SectionA(15分)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.July

19thwasadayforITheroes.A

routine

software

updatecausedcomputer

outages

inoffices,hospitalsandairportsworldwide.Mostwhite-collar

workerslooked

sadly

attheirscreensandrealizedjusthowuselesstheyareiftheycannot

(21)________.PeopleinITcametothe

rescue

of

helpless

colleagues

and

(22)________passengers.Theirworkthatdaywasfullofstress—butalsofullofmeaning.If

machines

canaddpurposetosomejobswhentheyfail,whataboutwhentheywork

(23)________?Thisisnotan

idle

question,butaseriousone.Discussionsabout

AIin

particular

easilygetlostin

hypothetical(假設(shè)的)debates

about

wholesale

job

losses

or,worse,thenatureof

consciousness.Buttechnologiestendtospreadinless

(24)________

ways,taskbytaskratherthanrolebyrole.Before

machines

replace

individuals,theychangethenatureoftheworktheydo.Thattransformationislikelytoaffectjob

satisfaction.Many

employeesgive(25)________tonon-monetary

rewards,suchasjobinterestandengagement.ArecentdiscussionpapersurveyedAmericanworkerswhohad

(26)________

jobstofindoutwhetherandwhytheythoughttheirnewpositionswerebetter;theyfoundthatinterestintheworkmatteredmoretopeoplethanpayand

benefits.

However,astudyrevealedaconcerning(27)________:Robotsin

industrial

settingsreducedtheperceived

meaningfulness

ofjobsacrosstheboard,

(28)________

age,gender,skillsandthetypeofwork.

Whilemachines

cantheoreticallyfreeuptimeformoreinterestingtasks,(29)________,theyseemtohavehadtheoppositeeffect.Whymightthisbe?Theyfindthat

industrial

robotsmakejobsless

physically

demanding.Butthenumberoftasksthatremainopentohumans

(30)________,

hurting

boththe

variety

ofworkandpeople’sunderstandingoftheproductionprocess.Workbecomesmore

routine,notless.However,machinesdon’talwayshavea(n)

(31)________impact.Forexample,inservice

industries

likehealthcare,

lesstimespenton

boring

workmightindeedmeanmoretimewithpatients.Consumerreactionsto

automation

canalso(32)________.Inan

experiment

totesthowcustomersreactedtodifferent

descriptions

ofacookingset,peoplewho

(33)________beingskilled

chefs

reallydidn’tlikeproductsthat

promised

todoeverythingatthetouchofa

button.Atechnologythatcutsdownonboringtasksisfine;onethat

(34)________yoursenseof

identity

isnot.WhileitisstilltooearlytoknowhowAIwillaffectthequalityofwork,onethingisclear:machines

canmake

employees

feel

(35)________abouttheirwork.Introducingnewtechnologiesin

cooperation

with

employees,

ratherthan

imposing(勉強(qiáng))them,andenhancing

theirsenseof

competencearecrucial.Bosseswhoignoretheseissuesaremissingsomething

meaningful.A.login B.optout C.showoff D.hurryupA.stranded B.responsible C.hesitant D.embarrassedA.properly B.purposelessly C.continuously D.unwillinglyA.accessible B.casual C.dramatic D.dynamicA.rise B.way C.priority D.insightA.created B.switched C.completed D.evaluatedA.cause B.concept C.secret D.trendA.ratherthan B.incaseof C.accordingto D.regardlessofA.inpractice B.asaresult C.inshort D.inadditionA.exists B.continues C.decreases D.emergesA.negative B.powerful C.immediate D.significantA.cease B.occur C.impress D.varyA.occupiedthemselveswith B.pridedthemselvesonC.concentratedthemselveson D.freedthemselvesofA.lacks B.heightens C.threatens D.maintainsA.anxiously B.differently C.strongly D.oddlySectionB(22分)Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.Iwaswalkinghomewhenawell-dressedmanpolitelystoppedme.“CouldyoutellmewhichwaytoBloorand...”Hestruggledtogetthenextwordoutwithapainedlook,butIknewbetterthantofinishhissentenceforhim.“...Bathurst?”hesaidafterseveralsecondsoftrying.WhenIanswered,hetoldmethathedidn’tactuallyneedtoknow.Hewaspractisingstuttering(口吃)openly,heexplained,hopingtobecomemoreconfidentdoingsoaroundstrangers.“Areyoudoingthatbecauseit’sNationalStutteringAwarenessDay?”Iaskedwithexcitement,eagertoconnectwithotherstutterers.WhenheaskedhowIknewthat,IsaidIgrewupwithastutter.Henodded,askinghopefully:“Soyourstutterhasmagicallydisappeared?”Ipaused.Iunderstoodwhyheassumedthis–Isoundedquitefluent.Butevenaswespoke,mystutterhadinfluencedmyspeech,andthat’swhyI’dmisnamedInternationalasNationaltoavoidthetrickyfrontsoundthatIcontinuetostrugglewith.Datashowsfourpercentofallchildrenstutter,whileonlyonepercentofthemstutterintoadulthood–a75percentdrop.Butarethesupposedex-stutterscompletelyfreeoftheirstutteringpast?Actually,thoughtheseverityofmystutterhasdecreasedwithage,ithasshapedmyidentityandaffectedmylifetremendously,informingthewaythatIspeak,interactandmovearoundintheworld.Somedefinestutterasadisabilitybecauseitisasconstantandoutofcontrolasblindnessorotherdisabilities.There’snopill,nosurgery,nowaytogetridofit,no“recovering”fromit.Butthereisrecoveringfromtheshameandself-hatredthatresultfromit.Someresearchershavebeguntoarguethattreatmentforstuttershouldn’tbecenteredaroundremovingaperson’sstutter,butratheronreducingone’snegativethoughtsandbehaviorssurroundingit.Asforme,I’dsaythatmystutterhasnot“magicallydisappeared”becauseI’vesimplyfoundwaystoconceal(隱藏)it.ButIhaveabettertherapynow–Iwillgrowalongsideit,anidentityinseparablefromthewaythatIspeak.Thinkingaboutthis,Idecidedtotelltheman,whowasstilllookingatmehopefully:“__________.”Thedecentmanstoppedtheauthorbecausehe__________.A.losthiswayandaskedaboutthedirectionB.wasveryeagertoconnectwithotherstutterersC.wantedtobebraverwhentalkingtounfamiliarpeopleD.waspractisinggivingspeechesfluentlyinopenoccasionsWhydidtheauthormisnametheInternationalasNationalinparagraph2?A.Becausehemisrememberedthenameofthisday.B.BecausetheNationalversionismorefamiliartopeople.C.Becauseitisquitedifficultforhimtomakethesound“inter”.D.Becauseasastutter,hecan’tpronouncetheword“international”.Whatmightbetheauthor’sanswerinthelastparagraph?A.Yes.Ihavegotridofstutterbydevelopingamorepositiveattitudetowardslife.B.No.ThereisnorecoveringfromstutterandIhavesimplyfoundwaystoconcealit.C.Yes.AsIgrowolder,Irarelystutternowandpeoplearoundmedon’tknowIstuttered.D.No.IwillalwayslivewithstutterbecauseitisalsoapartofmeandIgladlyacceptthat.What’sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Mystutter,myself B.NewdefinitionsforstutterC.Stutter,alife-changingdisability D.Aspecialencounterwithstutterers(B)SchoolShanghaiInternationalStudiesUniversity(SISU)DegreeRequirementDoctorate,Master,Postgraduate,Undergraduate,VocationalCollege,SeniorHighSchool,JuniorHighSchoolEnrollmentNumber300DescriptionThe2025SlSUGlobalWinterCampoffersaplatformforinternationalstudentsacrosstheworldtolearnmoreaboutChineselanguageandChina’sculture.TheprogramaimsathelpinginternationalstudentsgetanobjectiveandcomprehensiveunderstandingofShanghai,tounderstandthestatusofeconomicandsocialdevelopmentincontemporaryChina.Thecurriculumoftheprogramiscarefullydevelopedtomakeitpossibleforeachlearnertomakeprogress.Inaddition,avarietyofextra-curricularprogramsensurethateverybodytakespartinawiderangeofactivities,whichenrichtheirexperienceinChinaandenablethemtofeelthejoyoflearningChinese.CreditNOTimeStartfromJan13,2025—EndonJan25,2025Length2weeksOnlineApplicationL/c.asp?action=student_signApplicationDeadlineDec31,2024Website/index.php/en/index/index.htmlWhoarethemostprobabletargetreaders?A.StudentspursuingMasterdegrees. B.Studentsfightingforcredits.C.InternationalstudentsstudyinginSISU. D.InternationalstudentslovingChineseculture.IfAliceisqualifiedforthisprogram,howmanydayslefttosubmittheapplicationfrom nowon?A.About20days. B.About2weeks. C.About1month. D.About45days.Whatisthepurposeoftheprogram?A.Tohelpeachlearnerimprovehis/herfluencyinChineselittlebylittle.B.Toenrichtheirlivesbyprovidingawiderangeofafter-classactivities.C.TopromoteabetterunderstandingofpresentChina,especiallyShanghai.D.Toprovideaplatformforstudentfromdifferentcountriestoknoweachother.(C)JenniferBlackburnisa49-year-oldwhohasfolloweddecadesoftryingdifferentdietsandmedicationsandfindinglittlesuccess.Inlate2022shestartedtakingOzempic,thediabetes(糖尿病)drugthathasbecomesynonymouswithcelebrityweightloss.Theeffectislife-changing.It’sbeenreportedthatintheUS,healthcareproviderswrotemorethanninemillionprescriptions(處方)forOzempicandsimilardrugsduringthelastfewmonthsof2022.Widespreadasitis,there’sstillmassconfusionaroundwhoshouldtakethem,whetherthepotentialsideeffectsareworthit,andwhetherpeopletrulyneedingthemcanaccessandaffordthelimitedsupply.AccordingtoWHO,morethan890millionadultswerelivingwithdiagnosedobesityin2022.Theirmetabolichormonescanbedysregulated,whichmeanseveniftheydietandexercise,theirbodieswon’trespond.That’swheremedicationhasbeenagame-changer.OzempicwasapprovedbytheUSFDAin2017forthetreatmentoftype2diabetes.Oncethemanufacturer,NovoNordisk,tappedintothedrug’saddedbenefitoftriggeringsubstantialweightloss,itsoonproducedseveralsimilardrugs.Formostpeople,thedosesneedtocontinueindefinitely.Oncesomeonestopstakingthedrug,hishungersignalscanreturntotheirbaselineandtheweightcomesback.Apartfromthisdownside,othersideeffectsincludearangeofdigestiveissuesandapossibleriskofthoughtsofself-harmorevensuicide.Besides,noonecantellhowthisusemayplayoutoverdecades,orwhatsideeffectsofrapidweightlosswillmeaninthelongrun.Despiteallthese,sinceloadsofinfluencershavecheeredtheirslimmingsuccessesonthesedrugs,itseemseverybodywantstotrythem.Theheavydemandhasledtoshortages.Throughout2023,peoplewithtype2diabetesstruggledtoaccessOzempic.Periodicshortagesareexpectedtocontinuein2024,whilethosewhocanaccessthesedrugsfaceasignificantfinancialcost.ThecostismuchtoohightothevastmajorityofAmericans–amonthlysupplywillsetonebackmorethan$1000.JenniferBlackburnhaslost16kilograms(andkeptitoff).“Ifeelhappier,moreconfident...”saysBlackburn,“It’saboutmuchmorethansize–it’sliketheweightisliftedoffmyshoulders.”Withsuchsupportivevoices,thefutureofOzempicremainsunpredictablesofar.Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedphraseinparagraph1?A.bekeenon B.beequivalentto C.besuitablefor D.befamiliarwithWhydopeoplewithoutdiabetesstilltakeOzempicafterknowingallitsdownsides?A.Becausetheywanttotakeitasapreventivemeasureagainstdiabetes.B.Becausetheyarenotafraidoftheseyetunclearanduncertainsideeffects.C.Becausetheyaredesperatetoloseweightortheywilldevelopotherhealthproblems.D.Becausetheyaretemptedbythecelebrities’achievingsuchgoodresultsaftertheuse.WhatcanweinferfromJenniferBlackburn’swords?A.Besideslosingweight,shehasalsotakenoffahugementalburden.B.ShestronglyrecommendsOzempictoothersduetoherownexperiences.C.AlthoughsupportingOzempicherself,sheisnotsureofthismedicine’sfuture.D.SheisamongthecelebritieswhohavesuccessfullylostweightbytakingOzempic.Thispassageiswrittento__________.A.explainOzempic’sfunctions,potentialdownsidesandcurrentsupplysituationsB.suggesthowseriousandcommontheissueofobesityisandhowtodealwithitC.persuadepeoplewithoutdiabetesnottofurtherpurchasetheexpensiveOzempicD.illustrateOzempic’seffectivenesswithexamplesofcelebritiesandcommonusersSectionC(8分)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Withallthesedata,astronomersaremakingthefirstexactmapsoftheMilkyWay.B.Aftercarefulresearch,theyalreadyknewstarsindifferentpartsofthegalaxyweredifferentages.C.Thispictureitselfmakessense,butconfirmingitiscomplicatedandwillneedhugeamountsofdata.D.Inshort,themapsshownottheMilkyWayinastablebalance,butratherthegalaxy’sdeparturefromit.E.Evenwithallthegeniuswork,piecingtogetherthismuchofaMilkyWaymaphasbeenextremelydifficult.F.Butthatpicturehasgraduallychangedinrecentyearsasscientistshavebegunsystematicallymappingstarswholesale.Revealtruthsaboutourchaoticgalaxy(銀河系)AstronomerBobBenjaminhasspentthepast20yearstryingtofigureoutwhattheMilkyWaylookslike.Theworkisn’teasy,becausewe’reinsidethegalaxyandcan’tseeitfromtheoutside,butastronomershavegeniusapproaches,andBenjaminthinks“it’saknowablething”.(47)_________________________Duringinterviews,Benjaminandotherastronomersrepeatedlycitedthestoryoftheblindmenandtheelephant:theyeachtouchadifferentpartoftheelephant’sbody,butmissthewholeelephantentirely.WhenBenjaminbeganhiscareer,hefiguredthatthegalaxywasstablesincebirth,orderlyandelegant.(48)_________________________Theseaofdatacomesfromapackofnewsurveys,mostremarkablyonebytheESAobservatoryGaia,thatarecollectingshockinglyamountsofinformation.By2023,Gaiahadmappedaround1.8billionstars.Itreleaseditsfirstdatain2016andhasbeencooperatingwithabunchofothertelescopes.Collectivelytheseprojectshavegatheredimagesandspectra(光譜)formillionsofstars.(49)_________________________Locationsofstarsinthreedimensions,plusarecordoftheirmotionsmadebyrepeatedlyimagingthemovertime.Theresultisamovieofafewbillioncirclingstarsthatrevealsnotonlythegalaxy’sstructurebutalsoitssurprisinglyconfusingandviolenthistory.(50)________________________AsBenjamincomments,“Oh,mygod,it’sreal,andit’sahugemess,indeeddifferentfromouroriginalguess.”Withthenewsurveys’maps,wehaverevealedsometruthsaboutthischaoticgalaxy,whichisstillfarfromenough.Theastronomerswillcontinuetoexploretheunlimitedscaleandsecretsofthisgalaxywiththeirunlimitedpassion.Summarywriting(10分)Directions:

Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

51.FindYourNewFavouriteHobby“Challenging,funandengaginghobbieshavethepowertomakeushappierandhealthier,”saysKateHanselmanwithalaugh,andthat’swhyherhomeisagrandhobbyexhibition–fencingequipment,multiplepairsofrock-climbingshoes,yarneverywhereforknitting...Researchhasprovedthathobbieshelppeopleincreative,physical,andintellectualways.Theonlyquestionsis:howcanwefindournewfavoritehobby?MatthewJ.Zawazki,aprofessorofhealthpsychologyadvisesthatweaskourselveshowwewantanactivitytomakeusfeel.“Mentallyengaged?Distracted?Relaxed?Sociallyconnected?It’shelpfultoconsiderwhatyourlifeismissingandrecognizingtheseneedsmatters,”saysMatthew.Hobbiespresentanescapeastheyhelpuscalmdown,sofiguringouttheanswerstotheabovequestionscanbevital.RebeccaWeiler,amentalhealthadviserwarnsusnottoinvestatonoftimeandmoneyinanewhobbyimmediately.“Alwayseaseintofigureoutifit’srightforyou,”shesays,“Youcanalwaysdomorelater.”So,ifyou’retakinganinterestinpottery,signuptodoaone-timeclassratherthanasetofeight.Besides,sheaddsthatit’ssmarttoresistthepressuretoovercommit.“Youspendenoughofyourdaypushingyourself,buthobbiesaresupposedtobefun.Soyoucanstopanytimeaslongasyoudon’tlikeacertainpartinyourhobby.”KatinaBajaj,aclinicpsychologyresearcher,wantstoremindusofourchildhood.“Whenyouwereakid,whatdidyouwanttobewhenyougrewup?Theanswercouldpointyoutowardsanappealinghobby,”accordingtoKatina.Revisitingactivitieswelovedwhenyoungisreallyhelpfultostartwithbecauseitallowsyoutofeelcomfortable.Childhoodjoyscaneasilydevelopintoadulthobbies.Translation(15分)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.國(guó)產(chǎn)品牌正在不遺余力地爭(zhēng)取更大的市場(chǎng)份額。(share)越來越多的人在購(gòu)物時(shí)考慮環(huán)保因素，包括產(chǎn)品的可持續(xù)性。(factor)針對(duì)出游高峰期交通堵塞中司機(jī)可能半路上打瞌睡的問題，現(xiàn)已推出無人機(jī)喚醒服務(wù)。(introduce)火箭不斷成功發(fā)射與更新?lián)Q代，這些都是我國(guó)國(guó)力日益強(qiáng)盛、科技實(shí)力日新月異的象征。(which)Guidedwriting(25分)Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.如下為央廣網(wǎng)8月6日的一則消息。請(qǐng)你向校報(bào)投一篇稿，簡(jiǎn)要描述“買谷子”現(xiàn)象，分析現(xiàn)象背后可能的原因，并提出相應(yīng)的措施或建議。OnAugust6,BeijingnewsfromCNR(ChinaNationalRadio)(reportedbyGuoJiali)“WeChatpaymentreceived411yuan,”“Paymentreceived59yuan”.Duringthesummer