2024—2025學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高三年級10月學(xué)情調(diào)研測試英語試題（本試卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Trythefood. B.Findanotherrestaurant. C.Buyanewspaper.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Howaboutthisrestaurant?W:Thenewspaperonlygaveittwooutoffivestars.M:OK,let’sseeifthereisanythingelse.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aworldmap. B.Avacationplan. C.Anexcitingtrip.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Lily!Wherewouldyouliketogoonvacation?W:I’dliketovisitLosAngeles.Ithinkitwillbeexcitingthere.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whydoesthewomanwanttotakethebluecoat?A.Itischeaper. B.Shelikesitscolor. C.It’sonsalenow.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Doyoulikethiscoat,orshallItaketheredone?M:Ilikebothofthem,butIthinktheblueonefitsyoubetter.W:Well,I’llgettheblueone.It’slessexpensiveanyway.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whenwillthecompanybuspassby?A.At8:15. B.At8:30. C.At8:45.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Oh,I’msodead.It’salready8:30now.Ishouldhavethrownthatstupidalarmclockawaylongago!M:Calmdown,Honey.Yourcompanybuswillpassbyourapartmentin15minutes.Youstillhavetime.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdidthewomanthinkoftheprints?A.Unusual. B.Disappointing. C.Satisfactory.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Ispentageswaitingforthesuntogodown,asIwantedthelighttobeexactlyright.M:Sodidyougetbeautifulsunsets?W:IwasreallysurprisedwhenIcollectedtheprintstodiscoverthatmypatiencehasbeencompletelywasted.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatcanweknowaboutthespeakers?A.Theyliveinthecity.B.Theyareunfamiliarwiththecity.C.Theyknowthecityverywell.7.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Turntoothersforhelp. B.Hirealocalguide. C.Buyamap.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】W:Whatabigandbeautifulcity!Let’sgoaroundthecity.M:Goodidea!W:Butthiscityisquitestrangetous.Ithinkweshouldfindsomeonetoshowusaround.M:Thatwillcostusalotofmoney,Ithink.W:Ifnobodyhelpsus,itwillbedifficultforustogoaroundthecity.M:Ithinkwecanaskothersabouttheplaceswewillgoto.Ihearpeopleinthiscityareveryfriendly.Ithinktheywillbereadytohelpus.W:Look,someoneissellingmapsoverthere.Amapwillhelpusalot.M:Yes,Ithinkso.Let’sgoandbuyone.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Talkingaboutdinner. B.Cleaningthehouse. C.Goingshopping.9.Howwillthemancleanthehouse?A.Withwashingliquid. B.Withwateronly. C.WithCoca-Cola.【答案】8C9.C【解析】【原文】W:WhyareyoubuyingCoca-Cola?Ithoughtwesaidweweren’tgoingtodrinkthatunhealthystuffanymore.M:Ididn’tgetitfordrinking.W:Well,isitforwateringtheplants?M:Veryfunny.It’sforcleaningourhouse.W:Areyoujoking?M:No.There’ssomerustonthemetalinthebathroom.Themetalreactswiththeair,andyougetrust.Well,Coca-Colahassomethinginitthatcancleanuprust.W:TothinkthatI’dbeendrinkingitallthoseyears...M:Andnext,I’mgoingtostartcleaningourdisheswithmustard.W:Iwon’teventrytounderstandthatone!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.WhydidthemanwearhisnewtieonSaturday?A.Toattendadinnerparty.B.TovisitLondonwithhismum.C.TodatewithJanet.11.Wheremightthespeakersbe?A.InJanet’shouse. B.AttheDawson’splace. C.Athome.12.Whatkindofpersonisthewoman?A.Strict. B.Patient. C.Careless.【答案】10.A11.C12.B【解析】【原文】M:Haveyouseenmynewtie,Mum?W:Whichnewtie?M:TheredoneIboughtinLondon.IworeittothedinnerpartyattheDawson’splaceonSaturdayandIhaven’twornitorseenitsince.W:No.Idon’tthinkI’veseenitthisweek.Haveyoulookedforitinyourcloset?M:It’snotinthecloset.HaveyoutidiedupmybedroomagainandputallmythingsawayinnewplaceswhereI’veneverfoundthem?W:No.Areyousureyouhaven’twornthattiesinceSaturday?M:No,Idon’tthinkso.W:OnTuesdayyouwentoutwithJanetandIthinkyouputitonthen.PerhapsyouleftitinJanet’shouse.M:Oh.Iremember.HowcarelessIam!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.WhatdoesthewomanhavetodoonSaturdaymorning?A.Cleanthehouse. B.Doherhomework. C.Gotothedentist.14.WhenwillthewomanmeetwithJulie?A.At4:00p.m. B.At12:30. C.At2:00p.m.15.Whatdoesthemantrytodo?A.Askformoreinformation.B.Makeaweekendplan.C.Makeaninvitation.16.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors. B.Classmates. C.Brotherandsister.【答案】13.A14.C15.C16.A【解析】【原文】M:Susan,anyplansforthisSaturday?Iwaswonderingifyou’dliketohaveapicnicwithme.W:I’dloveto,butI’mgoingtobereallybusyalldayonSaturday.M:Whatdoyouhavetodo?W:First,mymomaskedmetohelpcleanthehouseinthemorning,andthenIhaveadentistappointmentat12:30.Ican’tmissthatbecauseI’vecanceledtwicealready.M:Well,whataboutafterthat?W:IneedtomeetwithJulieat2:00p.m.Weneedtodiscussaproject,whichmighttakeonehour.M:OK,butareyoufreeafterthat?W:Hardly.Ihavetopickupmybrotherfromsoccerpracticeat4:00,andmymomaskedmetocookdinnerforthefamilyat5:00.ThenIhavetocleanthedishesandfinishmymathassignment.I’mnotgoodatit.Whoknowshowlongthat’lltake?M:Don’tyouknowthatmymajorismath?Icanhelpyouwiththat.W:Oh,yeah.M:I’llcomeoverafterdinner.W:Thanks,It’sgreattohaveyounextdoor.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.WhatdidGuKaizhiliketopaint?A.Landscape. B.Figures. C.Birds.18.WhydidPicassopaint?A.Toenjoyhimself. B.Toearnmoney. C.Tosurprisepeople.19.Whatdoesthespeakerasktheclasstodo?A.Reviewtheclass.B.Learnmoreaboutotherpainters.C.Talkaboutsculpture.20.Whatisthepurposeofthetalk?A.Tointroducefamouspainters.B.Toreviewthehistoryofpainting.C.Tocomparedifferentpainters.【答案】17.B18.C19.B20.A【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning,class.Ourlessontodayisonpainters.Let’sbeginwithChinesepainters.TheChinesewerecreatingworksofartlongbeforethebeginningofwrittenhistory.GuKaizhiisknownasthefounderoftraditionalChinesepainting.Helovedpaintingfigures.Hecaughtthespirit,aswellasthelookofapersoninhispaintings.Nowletuslookatsomeforeignpainters.VincentvanGoghisnowworld-famous.Butheonlybecamewell-knownafterhisdeath.Heisoneofthemostfamouspaintersinmodernart.Hepaintedmorethan80oilpaintings.Andhepaintedlandscapes,birds,flowersandpeople.PabloPicassoisalsoworld-famous.Hewasknownasthemostfamouspainterofthe1900s.Hiswholereasonforpaintingwasthathewantedtoshockpeople.That’sall.Ihopethatyouenjoyedtoday’slesson.Becauseofshorttime,wehaveonlyspokenaboutafewfamouspainters.Youcanreadmoreaboutotherpaintersforyourselves.Nextweekwewillbetalkingaboutsculpture.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)閱讀理解（共15小題，每小題2.5分；滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C、和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AKobeEarthquakeMemorialMuseumHistoryKobeEarthquakeMemorialMuseumisdevotedtotheeventsandaftermathoftheKobeEarthquake,amagnitude(震級)7.3earthquakethatoccurredat5:46amonJanuary17,1995.Over6,000peoplelosttheirliveswiththemajorityoftheminKobe,justtothenorthofAwajiIsland.TheearthquakewasJapan’sworstearthquakeofthe20thcenturyaftertheGreatKantoEarthquakein1923.Over400,000buildingsweredamagedandanumberofrailwaybridgescollapsed.ExhibitsVisitorsareadvisedtobegintheirtouronthefourthfloorwitha7-minutevideo.ThenAfurther15-minutevideo“LivingwithThisCity”tellsthestoryoftheeventsaftertheearthquakeandthereliefeffortstorestoreshelter,power,waterandfoodsuppliestothepeopleofKobe.Thethirdfloorcontainsawallpanelwiththerecollectionsofsurvivors,inparticularyoungchildrenwholivedthroughtheevent.Thereareanumberofinteractiveexhibitstoinformandeducatevisitorsabouttheeventincludingavideoofsurvivorsrelatingtheirownexperiences.Thesecondfloorhasexhibitsandworkshopsondisastermanagement.TheEastBuildingalsoshowsadocumentaryontheKobeEarthquaketwiceanhour.Admission600yenperadult;450yenperuniversitystudent;300yenperhighschooler;juniorhighschoolersandbelowarefree.Hours9:30am-5:30pm(Monday-Friday);9:30am-7:00pm(Saturday&Sunday)21.Whatcanvisitorsdointhemuseum?A.Understandthehistoryofalltheearthquakes.B.Watchthe7-minutevideo“LivingwithThisCity”.C.Experiencesomemutuallyengagedexhibits.D.Learnaboutdisastermanagementonthethirdfloor.22.Howmuchshouldahighschoolerandhisparentspayiftheyvisitthemuseum?A.900yen. B.1,200yen. C.1,500yen. D.1,650yen23.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelguidetoamuseum. B.Adescriptionofamuseum.C.Anessayontheearthquake. D.Anintroductiontotheearthquake.【答案】21.C22.C23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了神戶地震紀念館的相關(guān)信息，包括其歷史，展出內(nèi)容，費用以及開放時間?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Exhibits下面第二段中“Thereareanumberofinteractiveexhibitstoinformandeducatevisitorsabouttheeventincludingavideoofsurvivorsrelatingtheirownexperiences.(有許多互動展覽可以向游客介紹和教育該事件，其中包括幸存者講述自己經(jīng)歷的視頻)”可知，游客在博物館里可以體驗一些相互接觸的展覽。故選C。【22題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Admission中的“600yenperadult;...300yenperhighschooler(大人600日元……高中生300日元)”可計算出，一個高中生和他的父母參觀博物館應(yīng)該花：600*2+300=1500日元，故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了神戶地震紀念館的相關(guān)信息，包括其歷史，展出內(nèi)容，費用以及開放時間。由此可推知，文章可能選自博物館旅游指南。故選A。BAsa1990skid,Igrewupinanerabeforesmartphonesandsocialmedia.Iamthankfulthatmyteenageyearswentwithouttheadditionalproblemofsocialmediaandallthepressuresthatcomewithit.Iamalso,forthissamereason,concernedaboutmydaughterandotherchildrengrowingupinthiserainwhichappearancesmattersomuch,andpeopleareadmiredsimplybasedonthenumberoftheirsocialmediafollowers.It’sbeenalmostayearnowsincemylastpostonInstagramorFacebook.WhileIwasonthesocialmediaplatforms,theybecamemydefault(默認)gotowheneverIfeltmyselfgettingbored,orwithextratimeonmyhands.Thiswouldcuremeofmyboredom.AssoonasIstoppedscrolling(上下滾動)onsocialmedia,however,IrealizedthatknowingwhenIamboredisinvaluable.IthelpedmerealizethatIneedtobedoingmoremeaningfulthingswithmytime.Ihavereadmorebooksthisyearthanduringanyotheryearinmylifesofar.IrecallwhenIwasonsocialmediatheurgetotakeoneperfectpicturewhereverwewent.“ItcouldbemynextdisplaycoverimageonFacebook,”Iwouldthink.Or,“ThiswouldlooksogoodonInstagram!”I’dsay,whilehandingmyhusbandthephonetotaketheperfectphotograph.Thiswouldtakemuchofthejoyoutoftheexperience,andcausemetoquestionmyownmotivations.AmIdoingthistogainappreciationfrompeoplewhoarepracticallystrangerstome,orformyownenjoyment?NowImakememorieslessbyrecordingeverymoment,andmorebylivingit.24.Whydoestheauthorworryaboutchildreninthisera?A.Theyhavetroubleinhandlingsocialpressures.B.Theyhaveboringchildhoodandteenageryears.C.Theytakeadvantageofsmartphonesatanearlyage.D.Theyareaffectedbynegativeeffectsofsocialmedia.25.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofboredom?A.Itisanecessarypartofpersonalgrowth. B.Itshouldbeavoidedbyreadingmorebooks.C.Ithaspotentialforbeingusedinabetterway. D.Itismainlycausedbyfrequentsocialactivities.26.Whatistheauthor’scurrentapproachtomakingmemories?A.Recordingeverymomentthroughtakingphotography.B.Prioritizingpersonalenjoymentoversocialmedialife.C.Seekingappreciationfromfriendsandfamilyonline.D.Sharingexperiencesonvarioussocialmediaplatforms.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowIquitsocialmediaeventually B.LifebeforesocialmediaandafteritC.Whatquittingsocialmediataughtme D.Myexperienceasasocialmediainfluencer【答案】24.D25.C26.B27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了作者退出了社交媒體，來讓自己更加活在當(dāng)下，創(chuàng)造當(dāng)下的美好回憶。【24題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Iamthankfulthatmyteenageyearswentwithouttheadditionalproblemofsocialmediaandallthepressuresthatcomewithit.Iamalso,forthissamereason,concernedaboutmydaughterandotherchildrengrowingupinthiserainwhichappearancesmattersomuch,andpeopleareadmiredsimplybasedonthenumberoftheirsocialmediafollowers.(我很感激我的青少年時期沒有社交媒體的額外問題和隨之而來的所有壓力。出于同樣的原因，我也擔(dān)心我的女兒和其他在這個時代長大的孩子，在這個時代，外表非常重要，人們僅僅根據(jù)他們在社交媒體上的粉絲數(shù)量來欣賞他們)”可知，作者擔(dān)心這個時代的孩子是因為他們受到了社交媒體的負面影響。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thiswouldcuremeofmyboredom.AssoonasIstoppedscrolling(上下滾動)onsocialmedia,however,IrealizedthatknowingwhenIamboredisinvaluable.IthelpedmerealizethatIneedtobedoingmoremeaningfulthingswithmytime.Ihavereadmorebooksthisyearthanduringanyotheryearinmylifesofar.(這能治好我的無聊。然而，當(dāng)我不再刷社交媒體時，我意識到知道自己什么時候感到無聊是無價的。它幫助我意識到我需要用我的時間做更有意義的事情。今年我讀的書比以往任何一年都多)”可推知，作者認為無聊有被更好地利用的潛力。故選C?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“NowImakememorieslessbyrecordingeverymoment,andmorebylivingit.(現(xiàn)在，我不再通過記錄每一刻來創(chuàng)造記憶，而是通過生活來創(chuàng)造記憶)”可知，作者目前的創(chuàng)造記憶的方法是將個人享受置于社交媒體生活之上。故選B?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thiswouldtakemuchofthejoyoutoftheexperience,andcausemetoquestionmyownmotivations.AmIdoingthistogainappreciationfrompeoplewhoarepracticallystrangerstome,orformyownenjoyment?NowImakememorieslessbyrecordingeverymoment,andmorebylivingit.(這會讓我失去很多樂趣，并讓我質(zhì)疑自己的動機。我這樣做是為了獲得陌生人的贊賞，還是為了自己的快樂？現(xiàn)在，我不再通過記錄每一刻來創(chuàng)造記憶，而是通過生活來創(chuàng)造記憶)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了作者退出了社交媒體，來讓自己更加活在當(dāng)下，創(chuàng)造當(dāng)下的美好回憶。由此可知，C選項“退出社交媒體教會了我什么”最符合文章標題。故選C。CAstart-upbasedinEnglandhaswononeoftheworld’smostsignificantawardsforimprovingthehealthoftheoceans,thankstoitspioneeringworkonagroundbreakingsolutiontocatchingandrecyclingmicrofibres(微纖維)filteredoutfromwashingmachines.Competingagainst200businessesfrom54countries,theBritishgreen-techbusinessCleanerSeasGroup(CSG)succeededinwinningtheinternationalOceanImpactPitchfestAwardinAustraliainNovember2023withitsIndiTMhomemicrofibrefilter.Sinceitwaslaunched,CSG’sIndiTMhomemicrofibrefilterhasbeenmakingsignificantwaves.DaveMiller,CEOofCSG,said,“Ithasbeenafantasticyearforus.Weareatahugelyexcitinggrowthstage.Increasedawarenessoftheneedformicroplasticreductionpresentsahugeopportunityforustomakeadifference.”DaveMilleradds,“Everyoneinthecompanyhasapersonalconnectiontotheocean.Wearesurfersandwildswimmersandwefeelenthusiasticaboutkeepingtheoceansfreeofmicroplastics.Ourfiltertechnologyhasthepotentialtosignificantlyreducemicrofibrepollution,helpingtoreducethemicroplasticinthewaterwedrink,thefoodweeatandtheairwebreathe.”JamesSirmon,technicaldirectorofCSG,explained,“Ourfiltercartridge(盒子)containsarollofmicrofibre-collectingfilterpaper.Thein-builtsensortechnologydetectswheneachsectionofthefilterpaperisfull.Awarninglightsystemindicateswhenthecartridgeorbatteriesneedreplacingorwhenafilterunitdoesn’twork.Wehavedesignedtheproducttofitallwashingmachinesworldwide,soitisaglobalsolutionforaglobalproblem.”TimSilverwood,co-founderatOceanImpactOrganisationsaid:“TheteamatCSGshouldbeenormouslyproudofthisachievement.Welookforwardtoseeingtheirfutureimpactacrosstheglobe.ThefuturelooksbrightforCSG!”28.WhatcanbelearnedaboutCSG?A.ItisbasedinAustralia. B.Itisarecyclingcenter.C.Ithasbranchesin54countries. D.Itisanewly-foundedcompany.29.Theunderlinedwordsinparagraph3canbereplacedby______.A.followingthetrend. B.breakingnewground.C.playingitinsafety. D.Causinggreattroubles.30.WhydoesDaveMillermentionhisworkmatesinparagraph4?A.Toexplainhowtheyputlotsofeffortintothefilter.B.Toprovetheyhavegreatpotentialtodobigthings.C.Tostresseveryoneisinseparablefromtheocean.D.Toshowthey’reenthusiasticabouttheircompany.31.HowdoesthemicrofibrefilterworkaccordingtoJamesSirmon?A.Itisdrivenbywindpower. B.Ithasafaultalarmindicator.C.Ithasarolloftoiletpaperinside. D.Itisdesignedforcertainmachines.【答案】28.D29.B30.C31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是新聞報道。文章報道了一家英國初創(chuàng)企業(yè)因其開創(chuàng)性的工作——捕捉和回收洗衣機中過濾出的微纖維，而贏得了世界上最重要的改善海洋健康獎項之一?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Astart-upbasedinEnglandhaswononeoftheworld’smostsignificantawardsforimprovingthehealthoftheoceans,thankstoitspioneeringworkonagroundbreakingsolutiontocatchingandrecyclingmicrofibres(微纖維)filteredoutfromwashingmachines.(一家位于英國的初創(chuàng)公司因改善海洋健康而獲得了世界上最重要的獎項之一，這要歸功于它在捕捉和回收從洗衣機中過濾出來的微纖維的開創(chuàng)性解決方案上的開創(chuàng)性工作)”以及第二段“Competingagainst200businessesfrom54countries,theBritishgreen-techbusinessCleanerSeasGroup(CSG)succeededinwinningtheinternationalOceanImpactPitchfestAwardinAustraliainNovember2023withitsIndiTMhomemicrofibrefilter.(在與來自54個國家的200家企業(yè)的競爭中，英國綠色科技企業(yè)清潔海洋集團(CSG)憑借其IndiTM家用微纖維過濾器于2023年11月在澳大利亞成功贏得了國際海洋影響Pitchfest獎)”可知，CSG是一家新成立的公司。故選D項?！?9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)后文“DaveMiller,CEOofCSG,said,“Ithasbeenafantasticyearforus.Weareatahugelyexcitinggrowthstage.Increasedawarenessoftheneedformicroplasticreductionpresentsahugeopportunityforustomakeadifference.”(CSG首席執(zhí)行官DaveMiller表示：“對我們來說，這是夢幻般的一年。我們正處于一個非常激動人心的成長階段。人們越來越意識到減少微塑料的必要性，這為我們提供了一個巨大的機會，讓我們有所作為。”)”可知，CSG正處于一個非常激動人心的成長階段，人們越來越意識到減少微塑料的必要性，說明這產(chǎn)生了新的作用，所以推知makingsignificantwaves和B項“開辟新天地”意思相近。故選B項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“DaveMilleradds,“Everyoneinthecompanyhasapersonalconnectiontotheocean.Wearesurfersandwildswimmersandwefeelenthusiasticaboutkeepingtheoceansfreeofmicroplastics.Ourfiltertechnologyhasthepotentialtosignificantlyreducemicrofibrepollution,helpingtoreducethemicroplasticinthewaterwedrink,thefoodweeatandtheairwebreathe.”(戴夫·米勒補充道：“公司的每個人都與海洋有個人聯(lián)系。我們是沖浪者和野生游泳者，我們對保護海洋免受微塑料的侵害充滿熱情。我們的過濾技術(shù)有可能顯著減少微纖維污染，有助于減少我們喝的水、吃的食物和呼吸的空氣中的微塑料?！?”可知，戴夫·米勒提到他的同事是為了強調(diào)每個人都離不開海洋。故選C項?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“JamesSirmon,technicaldirectorofCSG,explained,“Ourfiltercartridge(盒子)containsarollofmicrofibre-collectingfilterpaper.Thein-builtsensortechnologydetectswheneachsectionofthefilterpaperisfull.Awarninglightsystemindicateswhenthecartridgeorbatteriesneedreplacingorwhenafilterunitdoesn’twork.Wehavedesignedtheproducttofitallwashingmachinesworldwide,soitisaglobalsolutionforaglobalproblem.”(CSG的技術(shù)總監(jiān)JamesSirmon解釋道：“我們的過濾盒內(nèi)含一卷收集微纖維的過濾紙。內(nèi)置的傳感器技術(shù)能夠檢測到過濾紙的每一部分何時填滿。一個警示燈系統(tǒng)會在過濾盒或電池需要更換，或者過濾單元出現(xiàn)故障時發(fā)出提示。我們設(shè)計的產(chǎn)品適用于全球所有洗衣機，因此它是解決這一全球性問題的全球性方案。”)”可知，根據(jù)詹姆斯·西蒙的說法，一個警示燈系統(tǒng)會在過濾盒或電池需要更換，或者過濾單元出現(xiàn)故障時發(fā)出提示。故選B項。DDecades’worthofresearchlinksphysicalactivitywithpositivechangesinthebrain.Inchildren,forexample,physicalactivityisassociatedwithbettercognitive(認知的)performance.StudiesonolderadultsshowthatregularexercisereducestheriskofdevelopingAlzheimer’s(阿爾茨海默病).Andimagingstudiesconfirmthatthevolumeofthehippocampus—abrainregionassociatedwithmemoryandmentalmapping—islargerinindividualswhoaremorephysicallyactivecomparedtothosewhospendalotoftimesittingdown.Around2002,scientistsbegantorealizemovingmusclesproducedmolecules(分子)thatgetreleasedintothebloodstreamandprovidebenefitstofarawayorgans.In2012BruceSpiegelman,acellbiologist,andhisworkmatesdiscoveredirisin,anewtypeofmoleculereleasedbyexercisedmuscles.Whenmusclecellsproduceirisin,itincreaseslevelsofanotherproteincalledbrain-derivedneurotrophicfactor(BDNF)inthehippocampus.JustlastyearWrann,aneuroscientistatMassachusettsGeneralHospital,testedirisin’sroleinexerciseandcognitivefunction.Herteamcomparedmicewhoweregeneticallyengineeredtolackirisinwithmicewhocouldstillproducethemolecule.Afterexercise,thenormalmiceperformedbetteronataskthatreliedoncognitiveskills.Themicelackingirisindidn’tshowthissameimprovement.WhenWrann’steamexaminedthemice’sbrains,theysawthatbothgroupsofmiceproducedneurons(神經(jīng)元)inresponsetoexercise.Whenthegenetoproduceirisinwasreturnedtothebrainsofmicelackingtheprotein,themicealsoperformedbetteronthesametask.Irisinhasanidenticalmolecularstructureinmiceandhumans,Wrannsays,whichsuggeststhatitservessimilarfunctionsinbothspecies,andsothefindingsmayhavepracticalapplicationsinmedicine.Fromtheperspectiveofdrugdevelopment,“irisincertainlyispromising,especiallygiventhedataaboutitseffectinhumanbrain.”saysChristophHandschin,amuscleresearcherandprofessorofpharmocology(藥理學(xué)).32.Whatdothefindingsinparagraph1show?A.Exercisehasgreatbenefitstoourbrain. B.Thebrainischangingallthroughourlife.C.PhysicalactivityiskeytofightingAlzheimer’s. D.Thehippocampushaslittletodowithcognition.33.Whatcanwelearnaboutirisinfromparagraph2?A.Itgovernshumanexercise. B.ItisaspecialtypeofBDNF.C.ItincreasesthevolumeofBDNF. D.Itismainlyproducedbythebrain.34.WhathasWrann’steamconcludedfromtheirexperiment?A.Irisinpromotescognitiveability. B.Certaingenesareinchargeofirisin.C.Neuronsareonlyproducedinexercise. D.Somemiceareunabletoproduceirisin.35.WhichstatementmightbothWrannandHandschinagreewith?A.Itseemsriskytouseirisintotreathumanpatients.B.Itispossibletodiscovermorefunctionsforirisin.C.Irisinfoundinmiceandhumansdiffersenormously.D.Irisinmaybeusedtoimprovehumanbrainfunction.【答案】32.A33.C34.A35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文的體裁是新聞報道。主要介紹了科學(xué)研究成果，特別是關(guān)于運動對大腦健康的影響，以及鳶尾素（Irisin）在這一過程中的作用?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段中“Decades’worthofresearchlinksphysicalactivitywithpositivechangesinthebrain.Inchildren,forexample,physicalactivityisassociatedwithbettercognitive(認知的)performance.StudiesonolderadultsshowthatregularexercisereducestheriskofdevelopingAlzheimer’s(阿爾茨海默病).(數(shù)十年的研究將體育活動與大腦的積極變化聯(lián)系起來。例如，在兒童中，體育活動與更好的認知表現(xiàn)有關(guān)。對老年人的研究表明，經(jīng)常鍛煉可以降低患老年癡呆癥的風(fēng)險。)”可知，數(shù)十年的研究表明體育活動對大腦有積極的影響。故選A?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中“In2012BruceSpiegelman,acellbiologist,andhisworkmatesdiscoveredirisin,anewtypeofmoleculereleasedbyexercisedmuscles.Whenmusclecellsproduceirisin,itincreaseslevelsofanotherproteincalledbrain-derivedneurotrophicfactor(BDNF)inthehippocampus.(2012年，細胞生物學(xué)家BruceSpiegelman和他的同事們發(fā)現(xiàn)了鳶尾素，這是一種由運動肌肉釋放的新型分子。當(dāng)肌肉細胞產(chǎn)生鳶尾素時，它會增加海馬體中另一種叫做腦源性神經(jīng)營養(yǎng)因子（BDNF）的蛋白質(zhì)的水平。)”可知，當(dāng)肌肉細胞產(chǎn)生鳶尾素時，它會增加另一種名為腦源性神經(jīng)營養(yǎng)因子（BDNF）的蛋白質(zhì)水平。故選C?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中“Afterexercise,thenormalmiceperformedbetteronataskthatreliedoncognitiveskills.Themicelackingirisindidn’tshowthissameimprovement.(運動后，正常小鼠在依賴認知技能的任務(wù)中表現(xiàn)更好。缺乏鳶尾素的小鼠沒有表現(xiàn)出同樣的改善。)”可知，Wrann的團隊得出結(jié)論認為鳶尾素促進了認知能力。故選A。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“Irisinhasanidenticalmolecularstructureinmiceandhumans,Wrannsays,whichsuggeststhatitservessimilarfunctionsinbothspecies,andsothefindingsmayhavepracticalapplicationsinmedicine.Fromtheperspectiveofdrugdevelopment,“irisincertainlyispromising,especiallygiventhedataaboutitseffectinhumanbrain.”saysChristophHandschin,amuscleresearcherandprofessorofpharmocology(藥理學(xué)).(Wrann說，鳶尾素在小鼠和人類體內(nèi)具有相同的分子結(jié)構(gòu)，這表明它在兩個物種中具有相似的功能，因此該發(fā)現(xiàn)可能在醫(yī)學(xué)上具有實際應(yīng)用價值。從藥物開發(fā)的角度來看，“鳶尾素當(dāng)然是有希望的，特別是考慮到它對人類大腦的影響的數(shù)據(jù)。肌肉研究員兼藥理學(xué)教授ChristophHandschin說。)”可知，Wrann和Handschin都認為鳶尾素可能用于改善人類的大腦功能。故選D。第二節(jié)七選五（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Sincetherearesomanyoptionsavailable,itisn’teasytoselectagoodmovie.Herearesometipstohelpyou.Ifyouwanttoselectagreatmovietowatch,oneofthethingsyouneedtodoisconsiderthethemes.___36___Itisadvisabletoselectathemeyouwouldenjoywatchingandchooseamoviethathasit.Anotherthingtoconsiderwhenselectingamovieisitsgenre(體裁).Genrescanbebrokendownintomanycategories,suchasdrama,comedy,action,andhorror.___37___Inthatcase,browsingthroughdifferentgenrescanbeanexcellentwaytofindsomethingthatappealstoyou.Ifyou’reafanofparticularactors,youmaywanttowatchtheirfilms.Or,ifthereareseveralwell-knownactorsinamovie,thatmaybeasignthatit’sworthcheckingout.However,it’simportanttonotethefactthatafamedactorperforminginafilmdoesn’tmeanit’sactuallygood.___38___So,whileconsideringanactor’sinvolvementcanbehelpful,it’snotalwaysadecidingfactor.___39___Theyinformyouabouttheplotsoffilmsandgiveyouajudgmentabouttheirquality.Theyaren’thardtofind.Notonlyaretheresitesdedicatedtofilmreviews,buttherearealsogeneralpopculturesitesthatcontainfilmreviews.___40___Theyalsogiverecommendationsaswell.AIttakestimetofindtherightfilm.B.Youusuallysearchfortherightmovieinafamiliargenre.C.Filmreviewscanalsobeusefulforselectingagoodmovie.D.Maybeyou’renotsurewhatkindofmovieyouwanttowatch.E.Somemoviesfeaturingfamousactorsmaybefarfromperfect.F.Amoviemaybeaboutlove,self-sacrifice,friendship,orjustice.G.Thesewebsitesdon’tjusttellyouwhethersomefilmsareworthwatching.【答案】36.F37.D38.E39.C40.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文的體裁是說明文。作者提供了幾個選擇好電影的建議，包括考慮電影的主題、體裁、演員陣容以及參考電影評論等，目的是幫助讀者更容易地找到自己喜歡的電影?！?6題詳解】由上文“Ifyouwanttoselectagreatmovietowatch,oneofthethingsyouneedtodoisconsiderthethemes.(如果你想要挑選一部好電影觀看，你需要做的一件事就是考慮主題。)”以及下文“Itisadvisabletoselectathemeyouwouldenjoywatchingandchooseamoviethathasit.(明智的做法是選擇一個你喜歡看的主題，然后選擇一部有這個主題的電影。)”可知，本空要說的是電影可能涉及的主題類型，故F選項“Amoviemaybeaboutlove,self-sacrifice,friendship,orjustice.(電影可能關(guān)于愛情、自我犧牲、友誼或正義。)”能承上啟下，說明電影主題的多樣性，符合題意。故選F?！?7題詳解】由上文“Anotherthingtoconsiderwhenselectingamovieisitsgenre(體裁).Genrescanbebrokendownintomanycategories,suchasdrama,comedy,action,andhorror.(選擇電影時要考慮的另一件事是它的體裁。體裁可以分為許多類別，如劇情片、喜劇片、動作片和恐怖片。)”可知，接下來應(yīng)該提到如何利用這些體裁信息來選擇電影；由下文“Inthatcase,browsingthroughdifferentgenrescanbeanexcellentwaytofindsomethingthatappealstoyou.(在這種情況下，瀏覽不同類型的游戲是找到吸引你的內(nèi)容的好方法。)”可知，本空要談?wù)摬淮_定如何利用這些體裁信息來選擇電影，故D選項“Maybeyou’r