試題PAGE1試題2024北京石景山高一（上）期末英語本試卷共10頁,共100分。考試時長90分鐘。考生務(wù)必在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答,在試卷上作答無效。考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié),30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分,共15分)閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Itisnotalwayseasytodiscoveryourself.Fromayoungage,IhadastrongsenseofwhoIwouldbecome—butanaccidentchangedeverything.Tome,skatingwasmoreimportantthananythingelseintheworld.Nothingelsefilledmyheartwithsomuch____1____.Ispent24hoursaweek____2____myskills.Ihadnosociallifeorinterestsotherthanskating.ButIwasrewardedwithfirstplacemedalsinnearlyevery____3____.Unfortunately,duringonecompetition,Ifellandwasbadlyhurt.ThedoctortoldmethatIcouldn’tskateanymore.Thepaininmybackwashardtobearandevenbasicdailytasksbecame____4____.Mypassion(激情)hadbeentakenaway.IlostheartandhadnoideawhatIwouldbecome.Aftereightmonthsofsuffering,somethinghadto____5____.Insteadofsittingaroundandwastingmydays,Ibegantoworkwithlocalcommunityserviceprojects.Byvolunteeringasaswimmingteacherandsummerreadingassistant(助教)forkids,IgotanideaofwhoIwantedto____6____.Afterafewmonths,Ifoundanew____7____.Littlebylittle,Isteppedoutoftheshadowand____8____myconfidence.Sometimes,____9____inlifewillgetinourway.Wecanchoosetostaybehindortrytogetpastthesechallenges.Myaccidentwasachallengethatfailedtostopmefrom____10____success.Today,I’maveryconfidentandoptimisticperson.1.A.joy B.noise C.pain D.surprise2.A.proving B.testing C.developing D.teaching3.A.meeting B.competition C.action D.lesson4.A.strong B.interesting C.surprising D.difficult5.A.return B.disappear C.change D.share6.A.help B.become C.see D.trust7.A.study B.game C.wish D.interest8.A.rebuilt B.offered C.expressed D.lost9.A.goals B.values C.challenges D.experiences10.A.celebrating B.holding C.choosing D.reaching第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分,共15分)閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。A閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Nowadays,thereexistsacommonscene.Aman___11___(walk)onthesidewalk,asmartphoneinhandandfullyabsorbedinthedigitalworld.Justas___12___computersachievedbefore,smartphones_____13_____(change)ourlifenow.B閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AlexanderFlemingwasborn___14___August6,1881,onafarmnearDarvel,Scotland.Whenhewastwenty,FlemingtookanentranceexaminationformedicalschoolandscoredthehighestofallstudentsintheUK.Offeredhischoicesofschools,Fleming___15___(choose)theoneatStMary'sHospitalinLondon.Inthefallof1928,thepenicillin(青霉素)___16___(discover)byFleming.HereceivedtheNobelPrizeformedicinein1945becausethepenicillinsavedthe____17____(life)ofthousandsofwoundedpeopleduringWorldWarⅡ.C閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Recyclingpaperisagreatwaytohelptheenvironment,butreusingthingsmadefrompaperisevenbetter.Takeacopyofmagazine,forexample.Onceyoufinish____18____(read)it,don’tputitinyourrecyclingbin.Instead,considersharingitwithpeople____19____haven’treadit,orgivingittoyourschoollibrarysothatyourclassmatescantakealook.Maybe,youcouldfindacompletely___20___(difference)useforthemagazine’spages.Somereadershaveusedthemtowrapgiftsfortheirfriendsandfamily.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題；每小題2分,共28分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ACarefullyplaywithpetsDoyouhaveapet?Manychildrenlikepetsandeventreatthemlikehumanssometimes.Theymayliketokissorhug(擁抱)theirpets.Butthiscanmakeyousick,accordingtoDailyMail.Kissingorhuggingpetssuchasdogsandcatscancausepeopletotakeindrug-resistantbacteria(耐藥細菌),Britishscientistssaid.Manypetownersgivetheirpetsantibiotics(抗生素)whentheygetsick.Buttakingantibioticstoooftencanaffect(影響)thebacteriainsideyourpct.Thebacteriacanbecomedrugresistant.Whenpeoplekissorhugtheirpets,thiskindofbacteriacanmovetothemandmakethemsick.Closerelationshipsbetweenpetownersandtheirpetsareimportant.Butifpetownersfollowtherulesbelow,theywillnotgetsick.Rulesforplaying·Donotkissyourpetsonthemouth.·Donotletyourpetslick(舔)yourmouthornose.·Washyourhandsaftertouchingandplayingwithyourpets.·Ifyouhaveawound,coverit.Thisway,bacteriacannotpassontoyoufromyourpet.21.AccordingtoDailyMail,kissingorhuggingpetscanmakepeoplefeel___________.A.sad B.sick C.happy D.sleepy22.Whyisitdangeroustotakeindrug-resistantbacteriafrompets?A.Becausehumanscan'tuseantibiotics.B.Becausethesebacteriaaren'tharmfultopeople.C.Becausepetsmaydieiftheylosethesebacteria.D.Becauseantibioticscan'tbeusedagainstthesebacteria.23.Manypetownersliketokissorhugtheirpetsto______________.A.improvetheirrelationships B.showtheirtrueloveforchildrenC.maketheirpetsfeelimportant D.reducethestressofbusylifestyles24.Whatlessondoesthepassageteachus?A.Don'tkissorhugourpets. B.Don'tgiveantibioticstoourpets.C.Don'tkeeppetsinsideyourhome. D.Don'tbecomedrug-resistant.BMathhadneverbeensomethingIwasgoodatsincemiddleschool.Classesbecameharderinhighschool,andIwasevenfurtherfromamathteacher’sdreamstudent.Soatthestartofmyfreshmanyear,Ihadanaversiontomath.Itwasn’tthatIdidn’twanttodowell,butsimplythatIdidn’tthinkIwasabletodowell.“Ican’t“becamemystateofmindinallthingsrelatedtomath.However,Iwassoontolearnthat“Ican’t”wasnotachoiceinMr.A’sclass.Mr.Aalwaysgreeteduswithopenarmsashesaid,“Welcome!Smile!It’sagreatdaytobealive!”ItwasclearthatMr.Ahadatruepassionnotonlyformathbutforteaching.IfMr.Aeverexperiencedbaddaysinlife,henevershowedit.Mr.Agreeteduswiththatsamesmileeveryday.Heencouragedeachstudent,fromthetopachievertothe“Ican’t”student.Ifoundmyselflookingforwardtomathclass,althoughIstillhatedthesubjectitself.BeinginMr.A’spresencemademefeelgood,asifIhadthechancetosucceed.Astheyearprogressed,Ispentincreasinglymoretimeonmyhomework,andImetwithMr.Aweekly.Myclassmatesbegantodothesame,anditbecame“cool”tohavelunchandtalkwithMr.A.Wedidn’tknowitatthetime,buthewaschangingourattitudes.ThoughmystoryisnotoneofovernightsuccessandIdidn’tbecomeastraight-Amathstudent,myhardworkdidbegintopayoffandmygradesslowlybegantoclimb.Therewerehardtimes,ofcourse.Difficultmathquestionssometimessucceededinbringingmedown,butMr.Akeptremindingme,“Kate,smile!It’sagreatdaytobealive!”25.Whatdoestheword“aversion”underlinedinparagraph1probablymean?A.interest. B.preference. C.misunderstanding. D.dislike.26.Whatfirstmadetheauthorlookforwardtomathclass?A.Mr.A’sattitude. B.Herinterestinmath.C.Herfriends’encouragement. D.Thetopachieversinherclass.27.HowdidtheauthorfeelabouthertalkoverlunchwithMr.A?A.Itwasstraight. B.Itwasefficient. C.Itwaschallenging. D.Itwasimpressive.CImagineachildstandingonadivingboardfourfeethighandaskinghimselfthequestion:“ShouldIjump?”Thisiswhatmotivationorthelackofitcando.Motivationandgoalsettingarethetwosidesofthesamecoin.Withoutmotivation,youcanneithersetagoalnorreachit.Likethechildonthedivingboard,youwillstayundecided.Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?Morethanthat,howshouldyoustaymotivatedtoachievethegoal?First,youneedtoevaluateyourself,yourvalues,yourstrengths,yourweaknesses,yourachievements,yourdesires,etc.Onlythenshouldyousetyourgoals.Youalsoneedtojudgethequalityanddepthofyourmotivation.Thisisquiteimportant,becauseitisdirectlyrelatedtoyourcommitment.Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.Thiscanaffectyourwork.So,slowdownandthinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatmoment.Clarity(清晰)ofthoughtscanhelpyoumoveforward.Anotherwayofsettingrealisticgoalsistoanalyzeyourshortandlongtermobjectives,keepinginmindyourbeliefs,valuesandstrengths.Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.Theyalsoneedtobemeasurable.Youmustkeepthesepointsinmindwhilesettingyourgoals.Yourpersonalcircumstancesareequallyimportant.Forexample,youmaywanttobeapilotbutcan'tbecomeonebecauseyoureyesightisnotgoodenough.However,thisshouldnotdiscourageyou.Youshouldreassessyourgoals,andmotivateyourselftosetafreshgoal.Youwillsurelyneedtoovercomesomedifficulties,someplanned,butmostunplanned.Youcannotovercomethemwithoutamplemotivation.Makesurethatyouplanforthesedifficultiesatthetimeofsettingyourgoals.28.Whatshouldyoudowhenyourheartisnotinyourwork?A.Takeabreakandcancelthetask. B.Ignorethefeelingandpushthrough.C.Reflectandmakeyourthoughtsclear. D.Speedupandfinishthetaskquickly.29.Accordingtothepassage,whyaremeasurablegoalsimportant?A.Toavoidsettinganygoals. B.Tomakethegoalsmorechallenging.C.Toimpressotherswithachievements. D.Tochangegoalsasthingsaroundyouchange.30.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Settingandachievinggoalswisely.B.Motivationandgoalsettinggohandinhand.C.Overcomingplannedandunplanneddifficulties.D.Changingyourgoalswhenthingsaroundyouchange.DAnewstudyinthejournalofTourismAnalysisshowsfrequenttravelersarehappierwiththeirlivesthanpeoplewhodon'ttravelatall.Chun-ChuChen,anassistantprofessoratWashingtonStateUniversity,conductedasurveytofindoutwhysomeindividualstravelmorefrequentlythanothersandwhetherornottravelandtourismexperienceshavealastingeffectonhappinessandwellness.Additionally,participantsinthesurveywhoreportedregularlytravelingatleast75milesawayfromhomealsoreportedbeingabout7%happierwhenaskedabouttheiroverallwell-beingthanthosewhoreportedtravelingveryrarelyornotatall.Theresultsofhisanalysisshowindividualswhopaymoreattentiontotourism-relatedinformationandfrequentlydiscusstheirtravelplanswithfriendsaremorelikelytogoonregularvacationsthanthosewhoaren’tconstantlythinkingabouttheirnexttrip.“Whilethingslikework,familylifeandfriendsplayabiggerroleinoverallreportsofwell-being.Theaccumulation(積累)oftravelexperiences’doesappeartohaveasmallyetnoticeableeffectonself-reportedlifesatisfaction,”Chensaid.Participantsinthestudywereaskedabouttheimportanceoftravelintheirlives,howmuchtimetheyspentlookinginto'andplanningfuturevacations,andhowmanytripstheywentonoverayear.Theywerealsoaskedabouttheirlifesatisfaction.Outofthe500surveyparticipants,alittleoverhalfreportedgoingonmorethanfourpleasuretripsayear.Only7%ofrespondentsdidnottakeanyvacations.Astravelrestrictions(限制)duetoCOVID-19pandemicbegintorelaxinthefuture,theresearchcould.haveimportanteffectsonbothtouristsandthetourismindustry.Basedontheresultsofthestudy,Chensaidtravelcompanies,resortsandevenairlines,couldlaunchsocialmediacampaigns,suchascreatingsignsaboutthescientificbenefitsofvacation,tosparkpeople’sinterestindiscussingtheiropinionsabouttravel.31.Whatisthebenefitoffrequenttravellingaccordingtothestudy?A.Gettingmoretourisminformation. B.Makingmorefriends.C.Betteringtourismindustry. D.Improvingone'swell-being.32.WhatdoesParagraph5mainlytalkabout?A.Whytheprofessorcarriedoutthestudy.B.Howtheparticipantsfeltaboutthesurvey.C.Whattheparticipantswereinterviewedabout.D.Whattheparticipantspannedtodointhefuture.33.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Tourismindustryshouldimprovetheirservice.B.Theresultsofthestudywillbenefittourismindustry.C.COVID-19pandemicwillbemoreseriousinthefuture.D.PeoplewillliveahappierlifeafterCOVID-19pandemic.34.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TravelmoreandbehappierB.MakegooduseoftravellingC.PrepareforthetourismdevelopmentD.Maketravelplanswithfriends第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分,共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Rainforestscoversixpercentoftheearth’ssurface.Therearerainforestsinmanypartsoftheworld,butthebiggestforestsareinSouthAmerica,AfricaandSouthEastAsia.Therearen'tanyrainforestsinEuropeorNorthAmerica.About75%ofallthetypesofanimalscomefromrainforests.____35____Therearemanybeautifulbirds,insectsandreptiles.Manyofthemliveinthetrees,over30metersfromtheground.Therearealsothousandsofdifferentplants—andlotsofthemaretalltrees!Itisalwayshotinarainforestandthegroundisalwayswet.____36____Therainforestsareveryimportantforus.Weneedthem!Thetreesandotherplantsintheforesthelptomaketheairthatwebreathe.____37____Theygiveuswood,rubber,fruitsandmanyofourmedicines._____38_____Forexample,manyyearsagotherewasalargerainforestinJava.Therewerethousandsofdifferentplantsandanimalsintheforest,butnowthereisnothing.Peoplecutdownthetreesbecausetheywantedtogrowrice.Theyalsowantedtogrowrubbertreestomakerubber.Manyanimalslivedintherainforest.SomeofthemwenttootherpartsofJava,butmanyofthemdisappeared—forever._____39_____Therainforestsareindanger!A.Itisalsoverydarkthere.B.Theyalsohelptocontroltheweather.C.Theycutdowntheforesttomakeroads.D.Manyforestpeopletrytosavetheirforests.E.Thousandsandthousandsofanimalsliveinrainforests.F.Unfortunately,inmanyplaces,therainforestsareindanger.G.Thesamethingishappeningnowinmanyotherpartsoftheworld.第三部分：書面表達(共兩節(jié),32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題；第1-2題每小題2分,第3題3分,第4題5分,共12分)閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容在答題卡相應(yīng)題號后的橫線上寫下相關(guān)信息,完成對該問題的回答。Catherinewasthecoolestkidinherclass.Whenevershewent,shewasinthespotlight,withabunchofkidsfollowingheranddoingeverythingshedid.Herdeskmate,Landy,however,wasnotinthecoolkids'group.Beingthetallestkidintheclass,shewasteased(嘲笑)byherclassmates,whowerealwayschanting“Landy,Landy,longasspaghetti(意大利面)”.EverytimeLandyheardthosesillychants,shecouldfeelherfaceburstintoflames.Howshewishedthegroundtocrackandswallowher!Catherinedidn’treallylikeitwhenthekidschanted“Landy,Landy,longasspaghetti”.Butshenevertoldthemtostopeither,andnordidsheevertalktoLandy.Shelikedbeingpopular.Oneweekend,Catherinewentovertohergrandfather.Hergrandfatherlivesonafarmattheoppositeendoftown,wherehekeepschickens.Whilehelpingtofeedthechickens,Catherinenoticedaspecialone.Curlinginthecorner,itlookedsmallerthantheothersandwasalmosthalf-bare!(半禿)“What’sthematterwithit?”Sheaskedhergrandfather,withapuzzledfrownonherface.Hergrandfathertoldherhowchickenscouldact.“Theyhaveapecking(啄)order.”heexplained,“Ifonechickenisdifferent,theotherswillpushitawayandkeeppeckingit.Sometimestheypeckitsomuchthatitdies.”“Oh,whatapoorlittlething!”Catherineletoutasighasshescooped(捧起)thefrightenedchickenupinherarms.Suddenly,shethoughtofLandy!Shewasjustlikethepoorlittlechicken,beingteasedandignoredbyherclassmates,merelyduetoherspecialheight.CatherinedecidedtomakeanapologytoLandywiththekidsfollowingherthenextMonday.40.WhathappenedtoLandy?_______________________________________________________________________________41.WhydidCatherinedonothingwhenotherkidschanted?_______________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.>Afterseeingthehalf-barechicken,CatherinedecidedtohelpLandyovercomethedifficulties._______________________________________________________________________________43.TohelpthekidslikeLandy,whatsuggestionswouldyoumake?(Inabout40words)_______________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(20分)44.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高一學(xué)生李華。你的英國筆友Jim給你的郵件中提到他對中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日很感興趣,并請你介紹一個你喜歡的中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。請你給Jim回信,內(nèi)容包括：1.介紹哪個中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日：2.中國人怎么慶祝這個節(jié)日：3.你為什么喜歡這個節(jié)日。注意：1、詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出,不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,I’mverydelightedtoknowyouareinterestedintraditionalChinesefestivals.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________YoursLiHua

參考答案第一部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié),30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分,共15分)【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.D5.C6.B7.D8.A9.C10.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者因為一場事故被迫中止自己熱愛的滑冰運動，作者因此對生活消極絕望，最后通過志愿者工作改變了自己，并變得樂觀自信?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有什么比這更讓我高興的了。A.joy快樂；B.noise噪音；C.pain疼痛；D.surprise驚訝。根據(jù)前文“Tome,skatingwasmoreimportantthananythingelseintheworld.”可知，對作者來說，滑冰比世界上任何事情都重要，所以應(yīng)是“沒有什么比這更讓我高興的了”。故選A項?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我每周花24小時來提高我的技能。A.proving證明；B.testing測試；C.developing發(fā)展；D.teaching教育。根據(jù)前文“Ispent24hoursaweek”以及后文“myskills”結(jié)合選項可知，應(yīng)是每周花24小時來提高技能。符合語境。故選C項?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但我?guī)缀踉诿恳豁棻荣愔卸极@得了第一名的獎牌。A.meeting會議；B.competition比賽；C.action行動；D.lesson課程。根據(jù)前文“ButIwasrewardedwithfirstplacemedals”可知，應(yīng)是在比賽中獲得了第一名的獎牌。故選B項。【4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：背部的疼痛讓我難以忍受，甚至連基本的日常工作都變得困難起來。A.strong強的；B.interesting有趣的；C.surprising令人驚訝的；D.difficult困難的。根據(jù)前文“Thepaininmybackwashardtobear”可知，作者傷的很重，所以是基本的日常工作都變得困難起來。故選D項。【5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：八個月的痛苦之后，有些事情必須改變。A.return返回；B.disappear消失；C.change改變；D.share共享。根據(jù)前文“IlostheartandhadnoideawhatIwouldbecome.”以及后文“Afterafewmonths,Ifoundanew7.”可知，前文作者失去了信心，后文講找到了新的興趣，所以是發(fā)生了改變。故選C項。【6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：通過志愿擔(dān)任孩子們的游泳老師和暑期閱讀助理，我對自己想成為什么樣的人有了想法。A.help幫助；B.became變成；C.see看見；D.trust信任。根據(jù)前文“IlostheartandhadnoideawhatIwouldbecome.”可知，作者因為受傷，不知道自己會變成什么樣子，但是現(xiàn)在對自己想成為什么樣的人有了想法。故選B項。【7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幾個月后，我發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個新的興趣。A.study學(xué)習(xí)；B.game游戲；C.wish愿望；D.interest興趣。根據(jù)前文“ThedoctortoldmethatIcouldn’tskateanymore.”結(jié)合前文內(nèi)容可知，作者本來很喜歡滑冰，但是后來不能滑冰了，失去了自己的興趣，所以此處應(yīng)是重新發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個新的興趣。故選D項?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：漸漸地，我走出了陰影，重建了信心。A.rebuild重建；B.offered提供；C.expressed表達；D.lost失去。根據(jù)前文“Mypassion(激情)hadbeentakenaway.IlostheartandhadnoideawhatIwouldbecome.”可知，之前作者失去信心，所以此處是重建了信心。故選A項?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有時候，生活中的挑戰(zhàn)會擋住我們的路。A.goals目標(biāo)；B.values價值觀；C.challenges挑戰(zhàn)；D.experiences經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)后文“Wecanchoosetostaybehindortrytogetpastthesechallenges.”可知，生活中的挑戰(zhàn)會擋住我們的路。故選C項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的意外是一個挑戰(zhàn)，但它沒能阻止我走向成功。A.celebrating慶祝；B.holding持有；C.choosing選擇；D.reaching抵達。根據(jù)后文“Today,I’maveryconfidentandoptimisticperson.”可知，作者變得自信，所以是沒能阻止他走向成功。故選D項。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分,共15分)【答案】11.walks12.what13.arechanging##havebeenchanging【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了現(xiàn)在智能手機對人們生活的影響。【11題詳解】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：一個男人走在人行道上，手里拿著一部智能手機，全神貫注于數(shù)字世界。分析句子可知，walk是謂語動詞，根據(jù)前句“Nowadays,thereexistsacommonscene.(如今，有一個普遍的場景。)”可知，這里陳述的是習(xí)慣性、一般性的動作，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。主語為Aman，所以謂語應(yīng)用單數(shù)。故填walks。【12題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：正如計算機以前所取得的成就一樣，智能手機現(xiàn)在正在改變我們的生活。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空處引導(dǎo)一個賓語從句，作as的賓語。且從句中缺少achieved的賓語，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)。故填what?！?3題詳解】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意參考上題。根據(jù)句中的時間狀語“now”可知，這里可用現(xiàn)在進行時，表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的事情，也可用現(xiàn)在完成進行時，表示動作從過去某時開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且還有可能繼續(xù)下去。主語為smartphones，所以謂語應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填arechanging/havebeenchanging。【答案】14.on15.chose16.wasdiscovered17.lives【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文講述了蘇格蘭科學(xué)家亞歷山大·弗萊明的生平和重要科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?4題詳解】考查介詞。句意：亞歷山大·弗萊明于1881年8月6日出生在蘇格蘭達維爾附近的一個農(nóng)場。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，bebornon為固定短語，含義為“出生于……”，符合句意，故填on。【15題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：20歲時，F(xiàn)leming參加了醫(yī)學(xué)院的入學(xué)考試，在英國所有學(xué)生中得分最高。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處在句子中作謂語，因句子表示的是一個發(fā)生在過去的動作，謂語動詞使用一般過去時，故填chose?！?6題詳解】考查被動語態(tài)。句意：1928年秋天，弗萊明發(fā)現(xiàn)了青霉素。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處在句子中作謂語，且與主語thepenicillin之間為被動關(guān)系，使用被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語Inthefallof1928可知句子表達的是過去發(fā)生的動作，謂語動詞使用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，又因主語為單數(shù)，故填wasdiscovered。【17題詳解】考查名詞。句意：1945年，他獲得了諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎，因為青霉素在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間拯救了數(shù)千名傷員的生命。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處在句子中作賓語，使用名詞，根據(jù)下文“thousandsofwoundedpeople(數(shù)千名傷員)”可知空白處應(yīng)填名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填lives?！敬鸢浮?8.reading19.who##that20.different【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。主題為提倡紙的重復(fù)使用以減少環(huán)境污染?！?8題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：一旦你讀完它，不要把它扔進垃圾箱。此處是固定搭配：finishdoingsth.意為“完成某事”。故填reading【19題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：相反，你可以考慮與沒有讀過這本書的人分享，或者把它交給學(xué)校圖書館，讓你的同學(xué)也能看一看。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是people，在從句中作主語，用that或者who引導(dǎo)。故填that或者who?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：也許，你可以為這本雜志的頁面找到一個完全不同的用途?？蘸笫敲~，所以空處應(yīng)填形容詞作定語，difference的形容詞形式是different。故填different。第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題；每小題2分,共28分)【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了親吻或擁抱寵物可能會導(dǎo)致人們攝入耐藥性細菌，并給出了幾條規(guī)則來避免這種情況。【21題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Theymayliketokissorhug(擁抱)theirpets.Butthiscanmakeyousick,accordingtoDailyMail.(但據(jù)《每日郵報》報道，這可能會讓你生病。)”可知，據(jù)《每日郵報》報道，親吻或擁抱寵物會讓人生病，故選B項?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Buttakingantibioticstoooftencanaffect(影響)thebacteriainsideyourpct.Thebacteriacanbecomedrugresistant.Whenpeoplekissorhugtheirpets,thiskindofbacteriacanmovetothemandmakethemsick.(但是經(jīng)常服用抗生素會影響寵物體內(nèi)的細菌。這種細菌會產(chǎn)生耐藥性。當(dāng)人們親吻或擁抱他們的寵物時，這種細菌會移動到它們身上，使它們生病)”可知，從寵物身上來的抗藥性細菌很危險，因為這些細菌已經(jīng)有了抗藥性，抗生素不能用來對付這些細菌，故選D項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Manychildrenlikepetsandeventreatthemlikehumanssometimes.Theymayliketokissorhug(擁抱)theirpets.(許多孩子喜歡寵物，有時甚至像對待人類一樣對待它們)”可推理出，許多寵物主人喜歡親吻或擁抱他們的寵物是為了改善他們的關(guān)系，故選A項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Whenpeoplekissorhugtheirpets,thiskindofbacteriacanmovetothemandmakethemsick.(當(dāng)人們親吻或擁抱他們的寵物時，這種細菌會移動到它們身上，使它們生病)”以及最后一段“Donotkissyourpetsonthemouth(不要親吻寵物的嘴)”、“Donotletyourpetslick(舔)yourmouthornose.(不要讓寵物舔你的嘴或者鼻子)”可知，本文給我們的教訓(xùn)是不要親吻或擁抱動物，故選A項?！敬鸢浮?5.D26.A27.D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者不擅長數(shù)學(xué)，并且厭惡數(shù)學(xué)，但大一時A老師讓作者改變了態(tài)度，于是成績開始慢慢上升?！?5題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“MathhadneverbeensomethingIwasgoodatsincemiddleschool.Classesbecameharderinhighschool,andIwasevenfurtherfromamathteacher’sdreamstudent.(從中學(xué)開始，我就不擅長數(shù)學(xué)。高中的課程越來越難，我離數(shù)學(xué)老師理想中的學(xué)生更遠了)”可知，作者不擅長數(shù)學(xué)，而高中的數(shù)學(xué)課很難，所以上大學(xué)以后，作者不喜歡數(shù)學(xué)。故劃線詞意思是“不喜歡”。故選D?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Mr.Aalwaysgreeteduswithopenarmsashesaid,“Welcome!Smile!It’sagreatdaytobealive!”ItwasclearthatMr.Ahadatruepassionnotonlyformathbutforteaching.IfMr.Aeverexperiencedbaddaysinlife,henevershowedit.Mr.Agreeteduswiththatsamesmileeveryday.(A老師總是張開雙臂歡迎我們，他說:“歡迎！微笑！活著真是太棒了!”很明顯，A老師不僅對數(shù)學(xué)很有熱情，而且對教學(xué)也很有熱情。如果A老師在生活中經(jīng)歷過糟糕的日子，他從來沒有表現(xiàn)出來。A先生每天都用同樣的微笑迎接我們)”可知，A老師的態(tài)度首先讓作者期待上數(shù)學(xué)課。故選A?！?7題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Myclassmatesbegantodothesame,anditbecame“cool”tohavelunchandtalkwithMr.A.Wedidn’tknowitatthetime,buthewaschangingourattitudes.(我的同學(xué)們也開始這樣做，和A老師一起吃午飯聊天變得很“酷”，我們當(dāng)時并不知道，但他正在改變我們的態(tài)度)”可知，作者對她與A老師共進午餐的談話印象深刻。故選D。【答案】28.C29.D30.B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要通過一個跳水的例子展開論述了動機和目標(biāo)的重要性，以及如何設(shè)定現(xiàn)實目標(biāo)的方法?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.Thiscanaffectyourwork.So,slowdownandthinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatmoment.Clarity(清晰)ofthoughtscanhelpyoumoveforward.(有時候，你的心不在工作上。這會影響你的工作。所以，慢下來，想想你在那一刻真正想做什么。清晰的思想可以幫助你前進)”可知，當(dāng)你的心不在工作上時，應(yīng)該反思并使你的想法清晰。故選C?！?9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.Theyalsoneedtobemeasurable.(記住，目標(biāo)是靈活的。他們可以根據(jù)情況而改變。它們還需要是可衡量的)”可知，可衡量的目標(biāo)很重要是因為可以隨著周圍事物的變化而改變目標(biāo)。故選D。【30題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，并根據(jù)第一段“Imagineachildstandingonadivingboardfourfeethighandaskinghimselfthequestion:“ShouldIjump?”Thisiswhatmotivationorthelackofitcando.Motivationandgoalsettingarethetwosidesofthesamecoin.Withoutmotivation,youcanneithersetagoalnorreachit.(想象一下，一個孩子站在四英尺高的跳板上，問自己：“我應(yīng)該跳下去嗎？”這就是動機或缺乏動機所能做的。動機和目標(biāo)設(shè)定是同一枚硬幣的兩面。沒有動力，你既不能設(shè)定目標(biāo)，也不能實現(xiàn)目標(biāo))”可知，文章主要通過一個跳水的例子展開論述了動機和目標(biāo)的重要性，以及如何設(shè)定現(xiàn)實目標(biāo)的方法。由此可知，這篇文章主要講了動機和目標(biāo)是相輔相成的。故選B?！敬鸢浮?1.D32.C33.B34.A【分析】本文是一篇說明文?！堵糜畏治鲭s志》上的一項新研究表明，經(jīng)常旅游的人比那些根本不旅游的人對自己的生活更幸福。頻繁旅游可以改善人們的生活，使人變得更快樂?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“AnewstudyinthejournalofTourismAnalysisshowsfrequenttravelersarehappierwiththeirlivesthanpeoplewhodon’ttravelatall.(《旅游分析雜志》上的一項新研究表明，經(jīng)常旅游的人比那些根本不旅游的人對自己的生活更幸福)”可知，根據(jù)研究表明，頻繁旅游的給人帶來的好處是改善生活，使人變得更幸福。故選D項?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“Participantsinthestudywereaskedabouttheimportanceoftravelintheirlives,howmuchtimetheyspentlookingintoandplanningfuturevacations,andhowmanytripstheywentonoverayear.Theywerealsoaskedabouttheirlifesatisfaction.(參與這項研究的人被問及旅行在他們生活中的重要性，他們花了多少時間考慮和計劃未來的假期，以及他們在一年里進行了多少次旅行。他們也被問及他們的生活滿意度)”可知，本段的主要內(nèi)容是參與者被問到的內(nèi)容。故選C項。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Astravelrestrictions(限制)duetoCOVID-19pandemicbegintorelaxinthefuture,theresearchcould.haveimportanteffectsonbothtouristsandthetourismindustry.(隨著COVID-19大流行導(dǎo)致的旅行限制在未來開始放松，該研究可能對游客和旅游業(yè)產(chǎn)生重要影響)”可知，研究結(jié)果將對旅游業(yè)有益。故選B項?！?4題詳解】標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“AnewstudyinthejournalofTourismAnalysisshowsfrequenttravelersarehappierwiththeirlivesthanpeoplewhodon’ttravelatall.(《旅游分析雜志》上的一項新研究表明，經(jīng)常旅游的人比那些根本不旅游的人對自己的生活更幸福)”可知，文章的主旨是旅游越多，人的生活越快樂，全文內(nèi)容對此觀點進行了詳細的分析和研究佐證，所以A項“多旅行，更快樂”符合文章主旨，適合作為本文的標(biāo)題。故選A項。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分,共10分)【答案】35.E36.A37.B38.F39.G【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了熱帶雨林的分布、動植物資源、環(huán)境條件、面臨的危險?！?5題詳解】前文“About75%ofallthetypesofanimalscomefromrainforests.(大約75%的動物物種來自熱帶雨林。)”講述了熱帶雨林的動物種類大約占75%，后文“Therearemanybeautifulbirds,insectsandreptiles.(這里有許多美麗的鳥類、昆蟲和爬行動物。)”講述了熱帶雨林里有許多鳥類、昆蟲和爬行動物。由此可知，空處應(yīng)與熱帶雨林的動物有關(guān)，E項“成千上萬的動物生活在熱帶雨林中?！狈项}意。故選E?！?6題詳解】前文“Itisalwayshotinarainforestandthegroundisalwayswet.(雨林里總是很熱，地面總是潮濕的。)”講述了雨林的環(huán)境條件，A項“那里也很黑。”進一步補充前文。故選A?！?7題詳解】前文“Weneedthem!Thetreesandotherplantsintheforesthelptomaketheairthatwebreathe.(我們需要它們！森林中的樹木和其他植物有助于制造我們呼吸的空氣。)”講述了我們需要雨林，森林中的植物制造我們呼吸的空氣，空處應(yīng)講述雨林的其他的作用，B項“它們也有助于控制天氣?！狈项}意。故選B?！?8題詳解】后文“Forexample,manyyearsagotherewasalargerainforestinJava.Therewerethousandsofdifferentplantsandanimalsintheforest,butnowthereisnothing.(例如，許多年前，爪哇島有一大片熱帶雨林。森林里有成千上萬種不同的植物和動物，但現(xiàn)在什么都沒有了。)”列舉了爪哇島熱帶雨林消失的例子，由此可知，空處應(yīng)講述許多地方的雨林處于危險之中。F項“不幸的是，在許多地方，熱帶雨林正處于危險之中?！狈项}意。故選F。【39題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Peoplecutdownthetreesbecausetheywantedtogrowrice.Theyalsowantedtogrowrubbertreestomaker