PAGE1-課時分層作業(yè)(三)Ⅰ.閱讀理解ACultureshockorthinkingdifferencescandepresseventhemostexperiencedtraveller.Rememberthatunluckyaccidentswithserviceprovidersmaytakeplacebecauseofculturalorlinguisticmisunderstandings，andthatgettingangrywillmakecommunicationmoredifficultandcausebadfeelings.Atasteofhumourcanmakehardsituationsmoremeaningfulandenjoyabletoyou，yourfellowtravellersandthelocalfriendsyou'vemade.Keepajournalorcarryasmalltaperecorderandmakeregularentriesorrecordings.Takingastepbackandtellinganexperienceaftersometimewillopenthedoorforhumour.Writealetterore-mailtoafriendwhenyoufindyourhumourreducing.Challengeyourselftotellatleastonegoodstoryinthismessageandyou'llbesurprisedhowfunnythingscanlookwhentoldtosomeoneoutsidethesituation.Keepalistoffunnythingsthatyouobserveduringyourfirstfewdaysinanewculture，andanexplanationofwhatyouthinkthesethingsareallabout.Lookbackontheselistslaterinthetrip；whatseemedstrangebeforeisprobablyfamiliarnow，andyourexplanationsmaybefunnierthanthethingsthemselves！Imaginewritinganentryinaguidebookaboutafrustratingexperience.Howwouldyoudescribeyourexperiencetothelatertravellers？Whattraveladvicewouldyouoffer?Trytoseeyourselfthroughtheeyesoflocals.Whatmighttheyfindstrange，funnyaboutwhatyouaredoingatthismoment？Whenyoufinditdifficulttoovercomeculturaldifferences，takinganewlookatyourselfcanbeveryfunny.Becarefulnottosacrifice(犧牲)respectforlocalcultureinordertolightenthingsupforyourselfandfellowtravellers.【語篇解讀】幽默可以使由于文化差異而給旅行者造成的不良情形得以改觀，本文給那些要旅游而且希望變得幽默的人提出了3條建議。1．Accordingtothearticle，thetravellerswilloftengetdepressedbecauseof.A．beingshortofmoneyB．thedifferentattitudestothesamethingC．nothavingenoughclothesD．theunluckyfellowtravellers'troubleB[細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段第一句“Cultureshockorthinkingdifferencescandepresseventhemostexperiencedtraveller.”可知，文化不同和思維的差異會使旅行者不歡樂。故選B。]2．Keepingajournalwhentravellingcanhelp.A．takeasteptofindtheentryB．keepalistofthingsthatshouldbetakenwithC．experiencethesamethingslaterD．begintohaveachanceoftellingthehumourD[細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段中“Takingastepbackandtellinganexperienceaftersometimewillopenthedoorforhumour.”可知，寫旅行日志或攜帶一臺小錄音機能幫助起先幽默。故選D。]3．Whenyoutrytokeepyoursenseofhumourinforeigncountries，youshould.A．tellanythingthatyoufindentertainingB．learntorespectthelocalcustomsC．knowhowtoovercomeculturaldifferencesD．trytotellanythingparticularlyfunnyB[細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章最終一段中“Becarefulnottosacrifice(犧牲)respectforlocalcultureinordertolightenthingsupforyourselfandfellowtravellers.”可知，要敬重當?shù)氐膫鹘y(tǒng)文化。故選B。]4．Wecaninferthat.A．thefunnythingswillbealwaysinterestingandneverchangeB．thefunnythingswouldalwaysmakepeoplehappyC．ifthepeopledidn'texperiencethethingstheywouldfindthemfunnyD．thethingsseemedstrangebeforetheyaresurelybecomingthefamiliarthingsC[推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章其次段最終一句“...you'llbesurprisedhowfunnythingscanlookwhentoldtosomeoneoutsidethesituation.”可知，沒有經(jīng)驗過事情的人會發(fā)覺許多事情很好玩。故選C。]BWhenJohnwasgrowingup，otherkidsfeltsorryforhim.Hisparentsalwayshadhimweedingthegarden，carryingoutthegarbageanddeliveringnewspapers.ButwhenJohnreachedadulthood，hewasbetteroffthanhischildhoodplaymates.Hehadmorejobsatisfaction，abettermarriageandwashealthier.Mostofall，hewashappier.Farhappier.Thesearethefindingsofa40-yearstudythatfollowedthelivesof456teenageboysfromBoston.Thestudyshowedthatthosewhohadworkedasboysenjoyedhappierandmoreproductivelivesthanthosewhohadnot.“Boyswhoworkedinthehomeorcommunitygainedcompetence(實力)andcametofeeltheywereworthwhilemembersofsociety，”saidGeorgeVaillant，thepsychologist(心理學家)whomadethediscovery.“Andbecausetheyfeltgoodaboutthemselves，othersfeltgoodaboutthem.”Vaillant'sstudyfollowedthesemalesingreatdetail.Interviewswererepeatedatages25,31and47.UnderVaillant，theresearcherscomparedthemen'smental-healthscoreswiththeirboyhood-activityscores.Pointswereawardedforpart-timejobs，housework，effortinschool，andabilitytodealwithproblems.Thelinkbetweenwhatthemenhaddoneasboysandhowtheyturnedoutasadultswassurprisinglysharp.Thosewhohaddonethemostboyhoodactivitiesweretwiceaslikelytohavewarmrelationswithawidevarietyofpeople，fivetimesaslikelytobewellpaidand16timeslesslikelytohavebeenunemployed.TheresearchersalsofoundthatIQandfamilysocialandeconomicclassmadenorealdifferenceinhowtheboysturnedout.Working—atanyage—isimportant.Childhoodactivitieshelpachilddevelopresponsibility，independence，confidenceandcompetence—theunderpinnings(基礎)ofemotionalhealth.Theyalsohelphimunderstandthatpeoplemustcooperateandworktowardcommongoals.Themostcompetentadultsarethosewhoknowhowtodothis.Yetworkisn'teverything.AsTolstoyoncesaid，“Onecanlivemagnificentlyinthisworldifoneknowshowtoworkandhowtolove，toworkforthepersononelovesandtoloveone'swork.”【語篇解讀】文章主要講了一項調(diào)查探討。探討表明，那些小時候工作過的人比那些沒有工作過的人生活得更歡樂、更富有成效。5．WhatdoweknowaboutJohn?A．Heenjoyedhiscareerandmarriage.B．Hehadfewchildhoodplaymates.C．Hereceivedlittlelovefromhisfamily.D．Hewasenviedbyothersinhischildhood.A[細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“Hehadmorejobsatisfaction，abettermarriageandwashealthier.(他對工作更滿足，婚姻更美滿，身體更健康。)”可知，約翰喜愛他的事業(yè)和婚姻，故選A。]6．Vaillant'swordsinParagraph2serveas.A．a(chǎn)descriptionofpersonalvaluesandsocialvaluesB．a(chǎn)nanalysisofhowworkwasrelatedtocompetenceC．a(chǎn)nexampleforparents'expectationsoftheirchildrenD．a(chǎn)nexplanationwhysomeboysgrewintohappymenD[推理推斷題。依據(jù)“Boyswhoworkedinthehomeorcommunitygainedcompetence(實力)andcametofeeltheywereworthwhilemembersofsociety，”saidGeorgeVaillant，thepsychologist(心理學家)whomadethediscovery.“Andbecausetheyfeltgoodaboutthemselves，othersfeltgoodaboutthem.”(發(fā)覺這一現(xiàn)象的心理學家GeorgeVaillant說：“在家庭或社區(qū)工作的男孩獲得了實力，并起先覺得自己是社會中有價值的一員。因為他們對自己感覺良好，其他人也對他們感覺良好。”)推斷出，Vaillant在其次段的話說明了為什么一些男孩成長為歡樂的人，故選D。]7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sharp”probablymeaninParagraph4?A．Quicktoreact. B．Havingathinedge.C．Clearanddefinite. D．Suddenandrapid.C[詞義揣測題。下文“Thosewhohaddonethemostboyhoodactivitiesweretwiceaslikelytohavewarmrelationswithawidevarietyofpeople，fivetimesaslikelytobewellpaidand16timeslesslikelytohavebeenunemployed.”說那些在童年時期參與活動最多的人，與各種各樣的人保持密切關系的可能性是其他人的兩倍，獲得高薪的可能性是五倍，較不行能失業(yè)的可能性是16倍。由此可推斷出上文“Thelinkbetweenwhatthemenhaddoneasboysandhowtheyturnedoutasadultswassurprisinglysharp.”的意思是這些男性在孩童時期的行為和成年后的表現(xiàn)之間的聯(lián)系驚人地明確?！皊harp”的意思是“明確的”，故選C。]8．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Competentadultsknowmoreaboutlovethanwork.B．Emotionalhealthisessentialtoawonderfuladultlife.C．Lovebringsmorejoytopeoplethanworkdoes.D．Independenceisthekeytoone'ssuccess.B[推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段“Childhoodactivitieshelpachilddevelopresponsibility，independence，confidenceandcompetence—theunderpinnings(基礎)ofemotionalhealth.Theyalsohelphimunderstandthatpeoplemustcooperateandworktowardcommongoals.Themostcompetentadultsarethosewhoknowhowtodothis.(兒童活動有助于兒童發(fā)展責任、獨立、自信和實力，這些是情感健康的基礎。它們還幫助他理解人們必需合作，為共同的目標而努力。最有實力的成年人是那些知道如何做到這一點的人。)”推斷出，情感健康對美妙的成人生活至關重要，故選B。]Ⅱ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應為150左右。TheeventthatstandsoutinTom'smemoryhappenedonemorningwhenTomwasonlytenyearsold.HewasathomewithhiseldersisterJane.Tomwasdoinghishomeworkwhenheheardraisedvoices.Atfirsthethoughtnothingofitsincecustomersinthemotorcycleshopdirectlybelowtheirflatoftenbecameloud，buthesoonrealizedthistimeitwasdifferent.“Quick！Quick！Removethemotorcyclesfromtheshop.”someoneshouted.Thenathickburningsmellfilledtheair.WhenTomopenedthefrontdooroftheirflattoinvestigate，athickcloudofsmokegreetedhim.Themotorcycleshophadcaughtfireandpeoplewererunningandcrying.Jane，whohadbeenplayingtheviolininherroom，hurriedtothelivingroom.Theyrushedoutofthedoorandalongthecorridor(走廊)throughthesmoke.TheywereheadingtowardsthestairwayatthefarendofthecorridorwhenJanesuddenlystoppedinhertrack.Sheturnedaroundandheadedbackthewaytheycame.Tomhadnoideawhatshewasdoing，buthefollowedher.Janehadsuddenlyrememberedtheladyinher70swholivednextdoortothem，whotheycalledMakcik.JanebeganbangingonMakcik'sdoor，butgotnoanswer.Asthesmokethickenedaroundthem，Tomcouldseemanyoftheirneighbors—somestillintheirpajamas(睡衣)—runningforsafety.Thethoughtoffearcrossedhismind.“Shewouldhaverunforsafetylikeeveryoneelse！”Tomcried.However，Janerefusedtogiveup.“IknowMakcik'sstillinside.”ShesaidshewasfamiliarwithMakcik'sdailyroutineandwascertainshewouldstillbesleeping.Shepoundedagainstthedoor.“Godownstairs.Gonow！Go！”Paragraph1：Tomnoticedtheflame(火焰)wasreachingup.Paragraph2：Luckily，someneighborspassingbystoppedandofferedhelp.