高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省黃岡市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whyisthewomansleeplessaccordingtotheman?A.Sheistoostressed. B.Shegoestobedtoolate. C.Shestaysindoorsfortoolong.【答案】C【原文】W:I’munabletofallasleepatnight,andthenI’mtoosleepytoconcentrateinclassduringtheday.M:Well,youspendtoomuchtimeindoors.Andyourbodycan’ttellifit’snight.That’showyourproblemcomesup.2.Whatdoestheboyhavetodoafterschool?A.Feedthecat. B.Visithisuncle. C.Gotothelibrary.【答案】A【原文】W:Howaboutdoinghomeworktogetheratthelibraryafterschool?Iwanttoaskyouaboutsomemathproblems.M:I’dloveto,butIhavetogohome.Myparentshavegonetovisitmyuncle.Thecatmustbehungry.3.Whatmightthemanbe?A.Anengineer. B.Areceptionist. C.Arepairman.【答案】B【原文】M:Hello,SunshineHousingService.CanIhelpyou?W:Yes.ThisisMaryJones.Myheaterisn’tworkingandthetemperatureisgoingtogetdownbelowfreezing.Couldyoucomeovertofixit?M:Thisisourbusiesttimeoftheyear,butI’llsendoneofourrepairmentoyourhouseassoonaspossible.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthewoman’shouse. B.Inaclothingshop. C.Inanoffice.【答案】A【原文】M:Wow!Whatabeautifulhomeyouhavehere!W:Thanks.Letmetakeyourcoat.Andwouldyouliketoleaveyourbaghere?M:Yes,thanks.DoIneedtotakeoffmyshoes?5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abook. B.Ahouse. C.Apainting.【答案】C【原文】W:Look,thisismydrawingforMary’snewbook.M:Wow,amazing.Thefenceiscoveredwithroses.Andthereisevenastreambesidethehouse.You’retalented.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthepie?A.Itisquitebig. B.Ittastesnice. C.Itlooksstrange.7.WhatwillJessiedonext?A.Makesomeshapes. B.Brushthetopwithegg. C.Addmeatandvegetables.【答案】6.C7.B【原文】M:Whatareyoumaking,Jessie?W:Apieforsupper—it’sMom’sfavorite.Iwantedtosurpriseher.M:Hmm…Areyousureit’ssupposedtolooklikethat?It’sastrangeshape.W:Oh,don’tworry—that’sonlybecauseIaddedmoremeatandvegetables.Therewouldn’thavebeenenoughforallofusotherwise.M:Right.Maybeyoucouldputsomedecorationontop,justtomakeitlooknicer?W:Yeah,I’vealreadymadesomeshapes.Look!IthinkI’llbrushthetopwithsomeegg,too—thenit’llbeniceandgoldenonceit’scooked!M:Soundsgood!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whorowedtheboatatfirst?A.Theman’sparents. B.Theman’sbrothers. C.Themanandhisfather.9.Whatdidthemansayabouttherowing?A.Itwastiring. B.Itwashard. C.Itwasinteresting.10.Whatdidtheman’sfatherdo?A.Hepreparedthepicnic. B.Hetookthewrongway. C.Heledthefamilytothecar.【答案】8.B9.A10.C【原文】W:Howwasyourboatingtrip?M:Well,wesetoffalongtheriver,withmytwobrothersrowingtheboat—thatwasfine.Thenwesuddenlydiscoveredthatourpicnicwasstillinthecar.W:Soyouwentbackforit?M:No,wecontinuedourtrip.Shortlyafterthat,mybrothersweretootiredtorow,soDadandIhadtodoit.Nothavinganyfooddidn’tbotherme,buttherowingworemeout.W:Whatdidyoudoafterwards?M:Wewereexploringtheforestneartheriver,andatonepointIthoughtwewerelost,butDadknowstheplacewell,sohegotussafelybacktothecarintheend.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors. B.Friends. C.Landlordandtenant.12.WhatdoesLucaschoosetodrink?A.Tea. B.Grapejuice. C.Coffee.13.Whatisinfrontofthegym?A.Agrocerystore. B.Asupermarket. C.Thesubwaystation.【答案】11.A12.B13.B【原文】M:Hi,I’mLucas.Ijustmovedinnextdoor.W:Oh,hi.Nicetomeetyou.I’mBarbara.M:Nicetomeetyou,too.W:Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?I’vegotteaandgrapejuice.Icanalsomakeyouacupofcoffee.M:Thanks,butI’mallergictocaffeine.Grapejuicewouldbenice.W:OK.Haveyoulookedaround?M:Yeah.It’saniceneighborhood,quietandconvenient.There’sagrocerystoredownthestreetandIcanwalktothesubwaystationin10minutes,butthereseemstobenobigsupermarketnearby.W:There’sone,butyouneedtowalk15minutestogetthere.M:Oh,that’sOK.I’mtryingtoloseweightsoIcouldwalkthere.W:Really?Thenyoumustbeinterestedinthegymrightbehindthesupermarket.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.HowdoesDavidsoundwhenspeakingofhisuncle?A.Grateful. B.Worried. C.Surprised.15.WhydoesDavidlikehisjob?A.Itmakeshislifedifferent.B.Itrealizeshischildhooddream.C.Ithasbroughthimwealthandfame.16.WhichtricktookDavidoverfiveyearstocreate?A.Puttingawoman’sfaceonMt.Rushmore.B.StraighteningtheLeaningTowerofPisa.C.MakingtheStatueofLibertydisappear.【答案】14.A15.A16.C【原文】W:David,asawell-knownmagician,canyousaysomethingaboutyourmagiclife?M:WhenIwasseven,myuncletaughtmetoplayacardtrick.Thetrickisstillinmycurrentshow.Eachnight’sperformanceofthatmagicmakesmethinkofmyuncle.W:Youdoalmost500performancesayear.Howhasmagicaffectedyouinyourlife?M:Fortunately,IlovewhatIdo.Magichascertainlymademylifespecialandallowedmetohavethechancetomakemanyofmydreamsarealityonstage.W:ManypeoplelikemakingtheStatueofLibertydisappear.Haveyoueverfeltchallengedtodosomethinglikethat?M:Yeah,itwasthemostdifficult,andittookmeoverfiveyearstocreateit.AfewotherthingsIhavealwayswantedtodoareputtingawoman’sfaceonMt.Rushmore,straighteningtheLeaningTowerofPisa.W:Whatdoyouwanttosaytoyourfans?M:Well,oneofmytricksistomaketenpeopleselectedfromtheaudiencedisappearfromthestage,allatthesametime.However,withoutgivingawayanysecrets,theselectedpeopleareasamazedastheaudiencethemselves!聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.Howmuchshouldanadultpayforthetour?A.￡55. B.￡110. C.￡240.18.Whichisnotincludedfromthetour?A.Hotelpickup. B.Drinks. C.Meals.19.WhendidtheBritishMuseumopentothepublic?A.In1747. B.In1753. C.In1759.20.WhatdoweknowabouttheBritishMuseum?A.Theentrancetothemuseumisn’tfree.B.Itcontainsabouttwomillionobjects.C.Thereisasubwaystationnearby.【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.C【原文】W:ComeandjointheBritishMuseumTour.It’s￡110peradult,￡55perchildand￡240forafamilyofthree.Youwilltourthemuseumwithalocalguidewithoutwaitinginline.Everyonewillbeprovidedwithabottleofwaterandabrochureofthemuseum.Mealsarealsoincluded.Butwedon’tprovidesnacksandarrangebusesforhotelpickup.TheBritishMuseumwasfoundedin1753.Sixyearslater,itopenedtothepublicon15thJanuary,followingthegiftof71,000objectsleftbySirHansSloanetoKingGeorgeII,forthenation.TheBritishMuseumistheworld’slargestnationalmuseumattractinganincrediblesixmillionvisitorsayear.Althoughentrancetothemuseumisfree,itishometooneofthefinestcollectionsinexistencewithovereightmillionobjects.Thoseobjectscovertwomillionyearsofhumanhistory,soourcommittedguidewillmakesureyouseeallthemust-seehighlights.Themuseumhasplayedhosttomanyfilmsandevenhaditsownundergroundstationforover30yearsuntilHolbornstationopenedafewyardsawayin1933.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ADoyouknowthereareappsthatmakeiteasytohelpothers,ourplanet,andourselvessoweleadmoregivingandmeaningfullives?Checkoutfourofthebestonesandspringintoaction!BeMyEyesThisappconnectsvisually-challengedpeopleinneedofsomehelpwithsightedpeoplewithafewminutesofsparetimetoofferthroughvideocalls.Thehelpneededmaybesomethinglikefindingamissingobjectinthehome.Thisappisavailableinover150countriesandinmorethan150languages.Volunteersregisteranddetailwhichlanguagestheyspeak.Whensomeoneneedshelp,amessagereminderappearsontheirdevice.ZooniverseWanttohelpwithcuttingedgeglobalresearch?Zooniverseisanappwithmillionsofregisteredvolunteersthatletsyoubecomeacitizenresearcher!Helpprofessionalscientificresearchersthroughyourmobiledeviceorthecompanionwebsite.Globalvolunteersdon’thaveascientificbackgroundbuttheircontributionishighlyvalued.MySelflessActThisisasocialnetworkingsiteandapppromotingtheideaofgivingbacktothecommunitythroughvolunteering.Itoffersinformationonlocalvolunteeringopportunitiesgloballyandencouragesthesharingofideasandactivities.AloeBudCreatedbysomeonewhostruggleswithhismentalillness,routineandrememberingdailyself-care,AloeBudisawelcomingandsimpleself-carepocketcompanionapp.Itgentlyremindsusersaboutself-careactivitiesinphysical,mentalandemotionalneeds.Theseremindersrelatetoanythingfromdrinkingenoughwatertotakingscreenbreakstomaintainingconnections.21.WhatisBeMyEyesintendedtodo?A.Tohelppeoplewithvisualbarrier.B.Toparticipateinthesourcingproject.C.Toprovidedigitalsourcingtoresearch.D.Tocontributetothecompanionwebsite.22.WhichoneisnotrelatedtoAloeBud?A.Mentalwellness. B.Dailyroutine.C.Self-careactivities. D.Emotionalreminder.23.Whatdothefourappshaveincommon?A.Promotingthequalityofpeople’slives.B.Remindingusersaboutself-careactivities.C.Helpingprofessionalscientificresearches.D.Encouragingthesharingofideasandactivities.【答案】21.A22.D23.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了四個能提升生活質(zhì)量的應(yīng)用程序?！?1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段BeMyEyes中“Thisappconnectsvisually-challengedpeopleinneedofsomehelpwithsightedpeoplewithafewminutesofsparetimetoofferthroughvideocalls.(這款應(yīng)用程序?qū)⑿枰獛椭囊暳φ系K人士與視力正常的人聯(lián)系起來，通過視頻通話提供幾分鐘的空閑時間)”可知，這是幫助視力受損的人的應(yīng)用程序。故選A項?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段AloeBud中“Createdbysomeonewhostruggleswithhismentalillness,routineandrememberingdailyself-care,AloeBudisawelcomingandsimpleself-carepocketcompanionapp.Itgentlyremindsusersaboutself-careactivitiesinphysical,mentalandemotionalneeds.(AloeBud是由一個與精神疾病、日常生活和日常自我護理作斗爭的人創(chuàng)建的，它是一款受歡迎且簡單的自我護理口袋伴侶應(yīng)用程序。它溫和地提醒用戶在身體、心理和情感需求方面的自我保健活動)”可知，心理健康、日常工作和自我護理活動與AloeBud有關(guān)，情感提示與AloeBud無關(guān)。故選D項?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第一段“Doyouknowthereareappsthatmakeiteasytohelpothers,ourplanet,andourselvessoweleadmoregivingandmeaningfullives?(你知道有一些應(yīng)用程序可以讓我們很容易地幫助他人、我們的星球和我們自己，讓我們過上更有意義的生活嗎？)”和四個應(yīng)用程序的介紹可知，它們都能提升人們的生活質(zhì)量。故選A項。BAsimplehaircutcanbeamajorstressorforsomeonewithcognitiveorphysicaldisabilities.Loudnoisesfromhairdryersandstrongsmellscantriggerapersonwithautism(自閉癥),andjustgettinginthedoorcanbetoughforanyoneinawheelchair.ButoneMinnesotastylistislookingtochangethatbyopeninganaccessiblesalon.Withanine-year-oldstepdaughter,Maddy,whousesawheelchairbecauseofspina-bifida(脊柱裂),CatRongitschknowsfirsthandhowinaccessiblespaceslikehairsalonscanbe.“We’vebeendraggedthroughbackdoorsorexpectedtocarryherdownstairsorusefreightelevatorsbecausethey’renotpreparedtoaccommodateher,”saysRongitsch,whoalsohasathree-year-olddaughterwhomighthavehigh-functioningautism,thoughshehasn’tbeentestedyet.Rongitschalreadymakeshaircuthousecallstokidswhofindtraditionalsalonsstressful.“Everyoneisdesperateforasafeplacethatwillnotbeacrazymeltdownexperience,andoftentimesthatmeanscallingdowntosomeone’shouse,”shesays.“Goinganywhereelseseemsunimaginable.”ButRongitschdreamsofaplacewhereanyonecanfeelsafeandcomfortablegettingahaircutoutsidethehome.RongitschismakingplanstoopenDignifiedBeautyinSt.Paul,Minnesota.Thedoorsandwalkwayswouldhaveplentyofroomforwheelchairs,andtexturedfloorswouldmakeiteasyforvisuallyimpairedpeopletonavigate.Aspa-likeatmosphereatDignifiedBeautywouldbelesstriggeringtopeoplewithautism.Loudtop-40hitswouldbereplacedwithsoftclassicalmusic(ifanything).Stylistswouldusequiethairdryersandsoftvoices.Fidgettoys(解壓玩具)andblanketswouldbeonhandtohelppeoplestaycalm.Safespaceswouldbeavailableifanyonefeltoverwhelmedbysound,smell,ortouch.Asforthestaff,Rongitschwouldlooktohirepeoplewith“aheartfullofloveforeachindividual,”shesays.Stylistswouldlearnhowtohandlecustomerswhodon’tlikeotherstouchingtheirhair.Theywouldalsogiveeveryclientthesamelevelofdignity,whichisparticularlyimportanttoRongitsch,who’sseenstrangersignoreMaddy.“They’renotsureifit’saphysicaldisabilityormentaldisabilityloo,sotheywilltalktomeandnother,”saysRongitsch.“Thatissueisthebiggestwithher:justbeingacknowledgedasaperson.”24.WhatcanweknowaboutRongitschfromthefirst3paragraphs?A.Shehasanine-year-olddaughterwhousesawheelchair.B.Shesometimescallsonatsomeone’shousetomakehaircuts.C.SheownsanavailableDignifiedBeautyinSt.Paul,Minnesota.D.Herdaughterhasbeendiagnosedwithhigh-functioningautism.25.WhatservicecanpeoplewithautismenjoyatDignifiedBeauty?A.Passionatemusic.B.Devicesforrelievingstress.C.Immoderateequipment.D.Thrillingmovieswithtenseplots.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesRongitsch?A.Positiveandselfless.B.Elegantandambitious.C.Optimisticanddevoted.D.Considerateandinsightful.27.Whatcanbethesuitabletitleforthetext?A.Rongitsch—AKindheartedStylistwithLoveforIndividualB.PeoplewithDisabilitiesDeserveDignityasHealthyPeopleC.ASalonAccessibletoPeoplewithDisabilitiestoBeOpenedbyaWomanD.RongitschandHerdisabledDaughtersLongforBeingAcknowledgedasaPerson【答案】24.B25.B26.D27.C【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述了明尼蘇達州的發(fā)型師Rongitsch正在計劃開一家理發(fā)店，給自閉癥患者和身體殘疾者提供一個舒適的理發(fā)環(huán)境和服務(wù)?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段首句“Rongitschalreadymakeshaircuthousecallstokidswhofindtraditionalsalonsstressful.(Rongitsch已經(jīng)打電話給那些傳統(tǒng)沙龍有壓力的孩子，要求給他們上門理發(fā)。)”和第一段最后一句“ButoneMinnesotastylistislookingtochangethatbyopeninganaccessiblesalon.(但明尼蘇達州的一位造型師希望通過開設(shè)一家無障礙沙龍來改變這一現(xiàn)狀)”可知，Rongitsch的職業(yè)是造型師，故選B?！?5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Fidgettoys(解壓玩具)andblanketswouldbeonhandtohelppeoplestaycalm.(解壓玩具和毯子隨時可以幫助人們保持冷靜。)”可知，在DignifiedBeauty理發(fā)沙龍，患者可以使用一些設(shè)備來舒緩情緒。故選B?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)整篇文章信息，尤其是第一段中“ButoneMinnesotastylistislookingtochangethatbyopeninganaccessiblesalon.(但明尼蘇達州的一位造型師希望通過開設(shè)一家無障礙沙龍來改變這一現(xiàn)狀)”，倒數(shù)第三段“RongitschismakingplanstoopenDignifiedBeautyinSt.Paul,Minnesota.Thedoorsandwalkwayswouldhaveplentyofroomforwheelchairs,andtexturedfloorswouldmakeiteasyforvisuallyimpairedpeopletonavigate.(Rongitsch正計劃在明尼蘇達州圣保羅開設(shè)DignifiedBeauty。門和走道將有足夠的空間容納輪椅，帶紋理的地板將使視障人士輕松通行。)”和倒數(shù)第二段中“Aspa-likeatmosphereatDignifiedBeautywouldbelesstriggeringtopeoplewithautism.Loudtop-40hitswouldbereplacedwithsoftclassicalmusic(ifanything).Stylistswouldusequiethairdryersandsoftvoices.Fidgettoys(解壓玩具)andblanketswouldbeonhandtohelppeoplestaycalm.Safespaceswouldbeavailableifanyonefeltoverwhelmedbysound,smell,ortouch.(DignifiedBeauty類似水療中心的氛圍不會太刺激自閉癥患者。響亮的前40名熱門歌曲將被柔和的古典音樂（如果有的話）取代。造型師會使用安靜的吹風(fēng)機和柔和的聲音。解壓玩具和毯子隨時可以幫助人們保持冷靜。如果有人感到被聲音、氣味或觸摸淹沒，可以使用安全空間。)”可知，Rongitsch考慮到理發(fā)店的門和通道要有足夠的空間讓輪椅通過，所以創(chuàng)辦了理發(fā)沙龍，并在該沙龍使用紋理地板、古典輕音樂、無聲吹風(fēng)機等，讓患者得到安慰?？偨Y(jié)可知，Rongitsch是一個考慮周到、有洞察力的人。故選D?！?7題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，尤其是第一段中“Loudnoisesfromhairdryersandstrongsmellscantriggerapersonwithautism(自閉癥),andjustgettinginthedoorcanbetoughforanyoneinawheelchair.ButoneMinnesotastylistislookingtochangethatbyopeninganaccessiblesalon.(吹風(fēng)機發(fā)出的巨大噪音和強烈的氣味可能會觸發(fā)自閉癥患者，而對于坐輪椅的人來說，進門可能會很困難。但明尼蘇達州的一位造型師希望通過開設(shè)一家無障礙沙龍來改變這一現(xiàn)狀)”和第二段“Withanine-year-oldstepdaughter,Maddy,whousesawheelchairbecauseofspina-bifida(脊柱裂),CatRongitschknowsfirsthandhowinaccessiblespaceslikehairsalonscanbe.“We’vebeendraggedthroughbackdoorsorexpectedtocarryherdownstairsorusefreightelevatorsbecausethey’renotpreparedtoaccommodateher,”saysRongitsch,whoalsohasathree-year-olddaughterwhomighthavehigh-functioningautism,thoughshehasn’tbeentestedyet.(有一個九歲的繼女Maddy，她因脊柱裂而坐輪椅(脊柱裂),CatRongitch親身體驗了美發(fā)沙龍等難以進入的空間。“我們被拖過后門，或者被要求把她抬下樓梯或使用貨運電梯，因為他們不準備容納她，”Rongitch說，她還有一個三歲的女兒，可能患有高功能自閉癥，盡管她還沒有接受檢測。)”可知，本文主要講述Rongitsch致力于開辦一個新的理發(fā)沙龍，為自閉癥患者和其它殘障人員提供便利，C項“由一位女性開設(shè)的殘疾人士沙龍”適合作文章標題。故選C。CWhileyou’rehidingawaytheChristmaspresents,animalsarestoringfoodforthewinter!Manyanimals“cache”(貯藏)orhidefoodfortimetocome,similartohowwestockourpantrieswithfood.Inthewintermonths,cachingallowsanimalstosurvivewhenfoodisscarce.Someanimals,suchasbobcatsandmountainlions,leavedeadanimals’bodiesforshortperiodsoftimeburiedbeneathsurroundingvegetation.Otheranimals,suchasrodentsandbirds,storeseedsforlongperiodsoftimeinplacesthey’llreturntoweeksorevenmonthslater.Hidingfoodthroughoutananimal’shomerangeisknownasscatterhoarding.Thiskeepsthecacheslowandlessenticingtoanypotentialthieves.However,thistechniquerequiresagoodmemory,asthefoodisoftenindozens,ifnothundreds,ofdifferentlocations.Anothercachingtechniqueinvolvesanimalscollectingfoodinonlyacoupleofplaces,referredtoaslarderhoarding.Thesecachesareoftenfoundincavitiessuchasahollowtreeoraholeintheground.Theyareeasiertofindbutrequirelotsofdefensivemeasures.HerearesomeoftheanimalsthatcacheinthePeachState:Birdssuchaschickadees,nuthatches,titmiceandjayscanstorehundredsofseedsinasingleday.Eachseedisplacedinadifferentlocation,andtheyusuallyrememberwhereeachis,evenmonthslater.Flyingsquirrelsstoreavarietyofseeds,nutsandacornsintheirnestsandintrees.Thesenocturnalsquirrelswillevenburyseedsintheground.Itisbelievedthatasinglelyingsquirrelcanstoreover15,000seedsinayear!Molestrapliveearthwormsunderground.Themolebitestheearthworm’sheadoff,andcoldertemperaturesslowtheearthwormdown.Iftheweatherwarmsupbeforethemolehasachancetoconsumeitsprey,however,earthwormscanregrowtheirheadsandtunneltheirwaytofreedom.28.Inwhatrespectarethefirsttwoparagraphssimilar?A.Usingcomparisonasamethodofexposition.B.Stressingtheimportanceofstoringtoanimals.C.Revealingdifferencesinfoodstorageamongdifferentanimals.D.Discussingthethreatseasonalchangebringstoanimals’survival.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“enticing”inParagraph3mean?A.Familiar. B.Harmful. C.Appealing. D.Sufficient.30.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoflarderhoarding?A.Itisatestforanimals’memory.B.Itistime-savingandeco-friendly.C.Itcaneasilyensurecaches’safety.D.Itbringanimalsconvenienceaswellasrisk.31.Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?A.Molestakeearthwormsastheironlyfoodresource.B.Chickadeesadoptscatterhoardingtostoretheirseeds.C.Aflyingsquirrelisbetteratstoringseedsthananybird.D.Earthwormshavenochanceofsurvivaloncebittenbymoles.【答案】28.A29.C30.D31.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章說明了不同動物貯藏食物的方式?！?8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Whileyou’rehidingawaytheChristmaspresents,animalsarestoringfoodforthewinter!Manyanimals“cache”(貯藏)orhidefoodfortimetocome,similartohowwestockourpantrieswithfood.(當(dāng)你把圣誕禮物藏起來的時候，動物們正在為冬天儲存食物！許多動物“貯藏”或藏食物以備不時之需，就像我們在食品儲藏室儲存食物一樣)”可知，第一段將動物貯存食物與人類把食物放在儲藏室做了比較；根據(jù)第二段“Someanimals,suchasbobcatsandmountainlions,leavedeadanimals’bodiesforshortperiodsoftimeburiedbeneathsurroundingvegetation.Otheranimals,suchasrodentsandbirds,storeseedsforlongperiodsoftimeinplacesthey’llreturntoweeksorevenmonthslater.(一些動物，如山貓和美洲獅，會將動物尸體短時間埋在周圍的植被下。其他動物，如嚙齒動物和鳥類，將種子長時間儲存在它們幾周甚至幾個月后會返回的地方)”可知，第二段把不同動物的貯存對象與方法做了比較，由此可知，開頭兩段在展開論述時，都采用了比較的闡述手法。故選A項?！?9題詳析】詞句猜測題。劃線詞句前文“Hidingfoodthroughoutananimal’shomerangeisknownasscatterhoarding.(在動物的活動范圍內(nèi)隱藏食物被稱為分散囤積)”說明一些動物隱藏食物是分散的，這樣每份食物的存量就更低，對于潛在竊食者而言，更低的存量對他們的誘惑也就更少。從而推知劃線詞句“Thiskeepsthecacheslowandlessenticingtoanypotentialthieves.(這使得食物存量很低，對任何潛在的竊食者都不那么enticing)”其中劃線部分意思是“有誘惑的，有吸引力的”。故選C項。【30題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Anothercachingtechniqueinvolvesanimalscollectingfoodinonlyacoupleofplaces,referredtoaslarderhoarding.Thesecachesareoftenfoundincavitiessuchasahollowtreeoraholeintheground.Theyareeasiertofindbutrequirelotsofdefensivemeasures.(另一種貯藏技術(shù)是動物只在幾個地方收集食物，被稱為儲藏室囤積。這些貯藏食物通常在樹洞或地洞等洞穴中發(fā)現(xiàn)。它們更容易找到，但需要很多防御措施)”可知，作者認為這種囤積方法給動物帶來了便利，也帶來了風(fēng)險。故選D項?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Birdssuchaschickadees,nuthatches,titmiceandjayscanstorehundredsofseedsinasingleday.Eachseedisplacedinadifferentlocation,andtheyusuallyrememberwhereeachis,evenmonthslater.(北美山雀、胡桃鳥、山雀和松鴉等鳥類一天可以儲存數(shù)百顆種子。每顆種子都被放置在不同的位置，它們通常會記得每顆種子在哪里，甚至幾個月后)”可知，北美山雀采用分散貯食法。故選B項。DBiologicalfieldworkcanmeantripstoexoticplaces.Buttheworkitselfcanbedepressing,especiallywhenyouaretryingtotrackdowncomplicatedsubjects.Themostcommonmethodistosendafeweagergraduatestudentsarmedwithcameratrapsandseveralweeksofsparetime.Butperhapsnotformuchlonger.ApaperpublishedinCurrentBiology,whoseleadauthorsareChristinaLynggaardattheUniversityofCopenhagenandJanGogartenattheHelmholtzInstituteforOneHealthinGermany,suggestsaneasiermethod:simplyswabbing(用拭子拭抹)nearbyleavesforDNA.TheDNAinquestioniscalled“environmentalDNA”(eDNAforshort).Itreferstoallthegeneticinformationthatanimalsshedastheygoabouttheirdailybusiness:breathing,urinating.movingaround,orinteractingwiththeirenvironmentinanyway.Inrecentyears,gene-sequencingtechnologyhasbecomequickandsensitiveenoughtopickoutgeneticsequencesfromthisuniversaleDNA-particularanimals,includinghumans.Onewayofdoingsoistoblowairthroughfilters,thenanalysesthemtoseewhichcreaturesliveinthesurroundings.Awareofthattechnique,DrsGogartenandLynggaardwonderediftheremightbeasimplerapproach.Air-samplingsystemscantakedaystodotheirwork.Maintenancemustbedone,andfiltersmustbechanged.ButgiventhateDNAisliterallyblowingaroundecosystems,theresearcherswonderedifitmightbecollectedonleaves.Theleavesofmanyplantsarewaxy(質(zhì)地光滑)andsomewhatsticky.TheresearcherstheorizedthateDNAmightendupstucktoleavesandthatitcouldsubsequentlybecollectedbyswabbingthem.TheytestedtheirtheoryinthedenserainforestsofKibaleNationalPark,inUganda.Theswabsrevealedthepresenceof26birds,24mammals,oneamphibianandonefish,witheachswabcontainingDNAfromeightanimalsonaverage.Morethanhalfthesamplesweregoodenoughtoworkouttheprecisespeciestheycamefrom.32.Whencanbiologicalfieldworkbediscouraging?A.You’retracingdowncomplexissues.B.You’reexploringexoticdestinations.C.You’remakingtripstounfamiliarfields.D.You’reappointinggraduatestosendcameratraps.33.WhatassumptiondidtheresearchersmakeabouteDNA?A.Itcanbetestedindistantrainforests.B.Itmightbegatheredbyswabbingleaves.C.Itmightenduptobealittlesmoothandsticky.D.Itcanliterallycenteronecosystemprotection.34.Howdoestheauthorpresenttheresearchfindings?A.Bymakingacomparison.B.Byanalyzingthecause.C.Bygivingsomeexamples.D.Byprovidingsomefigures.35.Whatisthispassagemainlytalkingabout?A.Anewsystemtoswableaves.B.Aconvenientwaytotrackanimals.C.Anovelmethodtoidentifysamples.D.Aspecialtechniquetosequencegenes.【答案】32.A33.B34.D35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種更為簡潔的確認動物蹤跡的基因采集技術(shù)。【32題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Buttheworkitselfcanbedepressing,especiallywhenyouaretryingtotrackdowncomplicatedsubjects.(但這項工作本身可能令人沮喪，尤其是當(dāng)你試圖追蹤復(fù)雜的主題時。)”可知，生物研究工作在追蹤復(fù)雜主題時，可能讓研究者備感壓力。故選A?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“TheresearcherstheorizedthateDNAmightendupstucktoleavesandthatitcouldsubsequentlybecollectedbyswabbingthem.(研究人員推測，eDNA可能最終會附著在樹葉上，隨后可以通過擦拭樹葉來收集。)”可知，研究者們在eDNA實驗中得出的實驗結(jié)論為：eDNA最后會留在樹葉上，可以通過拭子拭抹的方式提取這些eDNA。故選B?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theswabsrevealedthepresenceof26birds,24mammals,oneamphibianandonefish,witheachswabcontainingDNAfromeightanimalsonaverage.Morethanhalfthesamplesweregoodenoughtoworkouttheprecisespeciestheycamefrom.(樣本中發(fā)現(xiàn)了26種鳥類、24種哺乳動物、1種兩棲動物和1種魚類，平均每份樣本中含有8種動物的DNA。超過一半的樣本足夠精確，可以確定它們來自哪個物種。)”可推斷，實驗的研究結(jié)果是通過列數(shù)據(jù)進行展現(xiàn)的。故選D?！?5題詳析】文章大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段的“Biologicalfieldworkcanmeantripstoexoticplaces.Buttheworkitselfcanbedepressing,especiallywhenyouaretryingtotrackdowncomplicatedsubjects.及ApaperpublishedinCurrentBiology,whoseleadauthorsareChristinaLynggaardattheUniversityofCopenhagenandJanGogartenattheHelmholtzInstituteforOneHealthinGermany,suggestsaneasiermethod:simplyswabbingnearbyleavesforDNA.(生物學(xué)野外考察意味著去異國他鄉(xiāng)旅行。但這項工作本身可能令人沮喪，尤其是當(dāng)你試圖追蹤復(fù)雜的主題時。最常見的方法是派幾個帶著相機和幾周空閑時間的熱切的研究生去。但這種情況可能不會持續(xù)太久。哥本哈根大學(xué)的ChristinaLynggaard和德國亥姆霍茲單一健康研究所的JanGogarten發(fā)表在《當(dāng)代生物學(xué)》上的一篇論文提出了一種更簡單的方法:簡單地用拭子拭抹葉子附近的DNA。)”可知，全文主要介紹了一個使用棉簽擦拭樹葉收集生物遺留在樹葉上的環(huán)境DNA從而去追蹤complicatedsubject的方法。而且文章最后一段“Theswabsrevealedthepresenceof26birds,24mammals,oneamphibianandonefish,witheachswabcontainingDNAfromeightanimalsonaverage.(樣本中發(fā)現(xiàn)了26種鳥類、24種哺乳動物、1種兩棲動物和1種魚類，平均每份樣本中含有8種動物的DNA。)”這一句提到的都是動物物種，綜合這三處可知。本文介紹的是一個更為方便的追蹤動物的方法。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。India’stouring(流動的)cinemasaredying,andbeingreborn.AndIndiaisperhapsthemostfilm-madcountryintheworldwhileitalsohasthelowestratiosofscreenstohumanbeings.____36____Thescreensthatdoexistareunevenlydistributed.PVR,India’sbiggestcinemaoperator,hasmorescreensinChandigarh,aprosperouscityofaboutamillionpeople,thanitdoesinRajasthan,apoorstaleof80million.IfMuhammadcouldnotgotothemovies,themovieshadtocometoMuhammad.Twentyyearsago,therewere1,400oddtouringcinemasinPusegaon.____37____However,todaythereareonly52travellingcinemas.____38____Oneissmartphoneandinternetexpansion,whichleadstotheotherreasonforthecollapseofthetouringcinemas:____39____SushilChaudhary,thefounderofanewchainoft