中級口譯（筆試）模擬試卷1（共9套）

（共801題）

中級口譯（筆試）模擬試卷第1套

一、中級口譯.聽力短文填空（本題共20題，每題7.0

分，共20分。）

Whatisdistancelearning?Itmeansthatyoustudyonyourown,athomeorwherever

suitsyou.Recently,theworldfamousOpenUniversityintheUnitedKingdomhas

designedanewstyleofdistancelearning,whichiscalled"[Cl]Thephrase

"OpenLearning"meansyoustudy[C2].Youreadcoursematerial,workon

courseactivities,andwrite[C3].Theword"Supported"meansyouhavehelp

[C4],thestudentservicesstaffatregionalcentres,andcentralisedareassuch

as[C5].Youcanalsocontactotherstudentsthroughtutorialsand[C6]

,theUniversity'sonlineconferencingsystemandeventsanddubsorganisedby

[C7].Mostdistancelearningcoursesuseprintedpapermaterials.Theyalso

includesome[C8]materialssuchasaCD,DVDorvideo.Manycourseshavea

websiteandan[C9].You'llneedaccesstoacomputer[CIO]tomake

useofthese.TheOpenUniversitycanhelpitsstudentsbuyacomputerand[Cl1]

thecostofaccessingtheInternet.Withmostdistancelearningcourses,no

[C12]arerequiredtostudy.Ofcourse,youhavetobeaged18whenyour

coursestartsbutthereisno[CI3].CurrentlytheOpenUniversityhasaround

[04]undergraduateandmorethan30,000postgraduatestudents,ofwhich

10,000have[C15].Nearlyallstudentsarestudying[C16].About70

percentofundergraduatestudentsarein[CI7].Morethan50,000students

【Cl8]bytheiremployersfortheirstudies.Mostdistancelearningcourses

[C19].Someofthemareevenavailableinotherpartsoftheworld.Withover

25,000ofitsstudentslivingoutsidetheUK,theOpenUniversityisthe[C20]

thatoffersdistancelearningthroughouttheworld.

1、【Cl】

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：supportedopenlearning

知識點解析：暫無解析

2、[C2]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：inyourownlime

知識點解析：暫無解析

3、[C3]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：assignments

知識點解析：暫無解析

4、[C4]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：fromatutor

知識點解析：暫無解析

5、[C5]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：theuniversity'slibrary

知識點解析：暫無解析

6、[C6]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：informalstudygroups

知識點解析：暫無解析

7、[C7]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：thestudentsunion

知識點解析：暫無解析

8、[C8]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：inieraclive

知識點解析：暫無解析

9、[C9]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：onlinecomputerconference

知識點解析：暫無解析

10、[C10]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:withInternet

知識點解析：暫無解析

11、[C11]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：payfor

知識點解析：暫無解析

12、[C12]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：previousqualifications

知識點解析：暫無解析

13、[C131

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：upperagelimit

知識點解析：暫無解析

14、[C14]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：150000

知識點解析：暫無解析

15、[C15]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：disabilities

知識點解析：暫無解析

16、[C16]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：part-time

知識點解析：暫無解析

17、[C17]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：full-timeemployment

知識點解析：暫無解析

18、[CIS]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：aresponsored

知識點解析：暫無解析

19、[C19]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：areavailablethroughoutEurope

知識點解析：暫無解析

20、[C20]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：onlyinternationalinstitution

知識點解析：暫無解析

二、中級口譯?聽力句子理解（本題共10題，每題

分，共70分。）

21、

A、Itonlytookmeanhourtocometoaconclusion.

B、Ididn'lhaveachancetorevisetheconclusion.

C、LaterIconcludedthatIhadbeenwrong.

D^Istartedtorewritetheconclusionanhourago.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

22、

A^It'sabittooearlytogetaclasscardforme.

B、Imisplacedmyclasscardfbrbiology.

C、Imissedregistration.

D、Mylastnameissostrangethatfewpeoplecouldpronounceit.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

23、

A、1hepresidentsighedwhenheheardthesuggestion.

B、Therepresentativerejectedthecommittee'ssuggestion.

C^Thestudentquitwhenhisideawasn'taccepted.

D、Thestudentdidn'tacceptthesignature.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

24、

A、Jackhasameetingtoattend.

B、Jacksaveshismoneybyridinghisbiketowork.

C、Jackissavinghismoneytobuyabike.

D、Jacksaveshismoneybyridingabus.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B'

知識點解析：暫無解析

25、

A^Idon'trecognizethatname.

B、Ihaven'tcalledMichael.

C、Thatdoorbelldoesn'twork.

D^Ididn'tringthebell.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

26、

ANKate'scourseisonlyhalfaslongasmine.

B、Kaleisenrolledin4courses.

C^Isignedacontractandwenttoworkfortwomonths.

D、KatesignedalongercontractthanI.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

27、

A、Ithinkthecandidateisnotqualified.

B>Ithinkthecandidateneednotbechecked.

C、Ithinkthecandidate'slettersofrecommendationaresatisfying.

D^Ithinkthecandidate'slettersofrecommendationshouldbereconsidered.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

28、

A、Shedroppedoffthechairlastnight.

Shewenttobuysomebedroomfurniture.

CNShedidn'tsleeplastnight.

D、Shesleptinthechairratherthanonthebed.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

29、

A^Hehasworkedforthreecompanies.

B、Threecompaniestumedhimdown.

C、Hedecidednottoacceptseveraljoboffers.

D、Hiscompaniescouldnotunderstandhisposition.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

30、

A、Theteacherpostponedtheconference.

B>Thestudentswillbeattendingtheconference.

C、Therewon'tbeatestthisafternoon.

D^Thestudentstookasciencetestthatafternoon.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案.C

知識點露斤：暫無解析

三、中級口譯?聽力對話組題（本題共20題，每題1.0

分,共20分。）

31、

A、Gymandsunbed.

B、Fitnessclass.

C、Weight-liftingexercise.

D、Wholefoodbar.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

32、

A、$1.5

B、$2.5

C、$5

D、$6

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

33、

A、inthemorning.

B、Atlunchhourorafterwork.

C^Ataround3to4intheafternoon.

D、Latenight.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

34、

A、It'sfreeofchargetojointhehealthclub.

B、Thefacilitiesintheclubarequiteexpensive.

C、Theclubwillofferitematreducedpriceonlyinthemorning.

D、Old-pensionersarethemajorityofiheirclubmembers.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C'

知識點解析：暫無解析

35、

A、Writing.

B、Intensivereading.

C、Conversational.

D^Listening.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案.C

知識點初析：暫無解析

36、

A、ThecoursewilllastaboutamonthandahalfoneachFridayafternoon.

B、Thecourseisopentoallstudentsofthecenter.

C>Onlystudentsofassigneddepartmentsareentitledtoenroll.

D、Onlyfreshmenareallowedtosignupfbrtheclass.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

37、

A、Intermlime,onweekends.

B>Intermtime,inweekdays.

C^Invacation,9a.m.tomidday.

D、Invacation,9a.m.to5p.m.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

38、

A、Borrowmorethanonebookatalime.

B、Keepanybookforuptoaweek.

C、Keepmastercopiesandreferencebooksmorethanaweek.

D、BorrowbooksassoonasonegetstheborrowingCard.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：c--

知識點解析：暫無解析

39、

A^Formerschoolmates.

B、Colleagues.

C、Bossandsecretary.

D、Neighbors.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

40、

A、Thewoman'shobbies.

B、Thenightlifeinthecity.

C、Thedifferencebetweenrurallifeandurbanlife.

D^Howtomakefriendsinthecity.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案.C

知識點露斤：暫無解析

41、

A、Shewasborninthecity.

Shedoesn'tthinkthenoiseandtrafficinthecitymattermuch.

C、Shedrivestoworkeveryday.

D、Sheenjoysanaturalwayoflife.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

42、

A、Onecan'tmeetmorethan20peopleinthewholeday.

B、It'seasierandmoreconvenienttolivewithanextendedfamilyinthesuburb.

C、It'sbeenincreasinglydifficultforonetomakefriendsiflivinginthesuburb.

D、Morepeoplemayconsiderbuyinghouseinthecountry.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

43、

A、Bythelackofagenerallybalanceddiet.

B、Throughtheexhaustfumesofcars.

C、Byeatingseafoodcontaminatedbylead.

D、Byleadwaterpipes.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

44、

A^Getangrymoreeasilyandevenmoreviolent.

B、Beinactiveandlackenergy.

C^Easilydistracted.

D^Tendtohavemoredrcamthanotherchildren.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

45、

A、About30yearsago.

B、In1977.

C>Inthe1990s.

D、Onlyinthepastthreeyears.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

46、

A^Don'tuseanyproductcontaininglead.

B、Moveoutoftheurbanareastothecountryside.

C、Eatlessfish,crabsandvegetables.

D、Stopusingthepetrolcontaininglead.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

47、

A、ToexplainhowCanadianfirmscoulddeveloptheirexporttradeinJapan.

B、Toorganizebetweentwoandthreetradefairsindifferentregionseachyear.

C、TolearnmanynewthingsaboutexhibitingCanadiangoodsinforeigncountries.

D、Tonegotiatewithothers.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

48、

A、Bewell-organized.

B、Bebalancedbetweenworkandlife.

C、Becommunicativewithclients.

D、Bepatient.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

49、

A、Twelvemonths,dependingonwhethertheexhibitionissmallorlarge.

Fivemonths,dependingonthenetworkofcontactstheyhaveinthehostcountry.

C、Sixmonths,dependingonthingssuchasthetypeofgoodsbeingexhibited.

D、Sixmonths,dependingontheproducts,thelocationandnetworkofcontacts,

location,etc.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

50、

A、BecauseitisonemorechanceforhertoknowaboutthesocialsituationinJapan.

B>BecauseshetakesitasagreatchallengetoenterJapanesefashionmarket.

C^Becauseitisanopportunityfortheagencytocreateagoodimpressionwithclients.

D、BecauseshelongstosetupafashionfairtheretoenhanceherstudyofJapanese.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

四、中級口譯?聽力句子翻譯（本題共5題，每題74

分，共5分。）

51、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：道瓊斯指數(shù)主要用于對紐約證券交易所的股票行情漲跌進行衡量與報

道。

知識點解析：暫無解析

52、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：美國人認(rèn)為沒:有一個人是一成不變的，不進則退。這種觀念使得整個民

族都致力于研究、實驗和探索。

知識點解析：暫無解析

53、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：專家們認(rèn)為，當(dāng)父母們遷就孩子們的不合理的要求時，往往也就慣壞了

孩子。

知識點解析：暫無解析

54、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：人類有史以來，迷信就是人們生活中的一部分。即使在如今的科技時

代，大多數(shù)人哪怕表面上裝作不迷信，也會在背地里迷信某些事物。

知識點解析：暫無解析

55、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：醫(yī)生認(rèn)為，如果不能有效控制怒火，發(fā)怒是非常有害的。他們警告說，

憤怒、敵對的情緒可能導(dǎo)致心臟病、胃病、頭痛、情緒問題，甚至癌癥。

知識點解析：暫無解析

五、中級口譯?聽力短文翻譯（本題共2題，每題1.0

分，共2分。）

56、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：在某些職業(yè)中，如設(shè)計、翻譯、計算機編程，遠程上下班現(xiàn)在已成為

可能。人們可以整周或一周好幾天在家工作，通過電腦、電話、傳真進行交流。這

個做法的優(yōu)勢之一便是它可以使人們免受上下班路途帶來的壓力。它允許人們規(guī)劃

自己的時間。而從另一個角度來講，對有些人來說，當(dāng)他們在家工作時，他們很難

全神貫注于工作，冰箱、電視和孩子通常令他們分神。

知識點解析：暫無解析

57、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：每次的醫(yī)學(xué)突破總會伴隨著負(fù)面影響，譬如說避孕藥丸，它產(chǎn)生于20

世紀(jì)60年代，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不算什么新聞了。它使婦女能夠更多地控制自己的身體，

也有利于控制人口增長。但它也導(dǎo)致人們開始對性別角色、性、自由和家庭的觀念

產(chǎn)生懷疑。它給全世界帶來巨大的社會變化。這是好事嗎?答案反映了每個人的宗

教、文化和個人價值觀。

知識點解析：暫無解析

六、中級口譯.閱讀理解（本題共30題，每題7.0分，

共30分。）

ItwasadaythatMichaelEisnerwouldundoubtedlyliketoforget.SittinginaLos

Angeleswitnessboxforfourhourslastweek,theusuallyunflappablechairmanofthe

WaltDisneyCo.struggledtomaintainhiscomposure.Eisner'sprotegeturnednemesis.

JeffreyKatzenbcrg,hisformeremployee,wasseeking$500millioninhisbreach-of-

contractsuitagainstDisney,andEisnerwastryingtodefendhis—andhiscompany's

integrity.AtonepointEisnerbecameflusteredwhenKatzenberg'sattorney,Bertram

Fields,askedifherecalledtellinghisbiographer,TonySchwartz,"IthinkIhatethelittle

midget.*'LaterEisnerrecalledthatthesameday,hehadreceivedafaxfromKatzenberg

meantforFields,thankingthelawyerfor"managing"amagazinestorythatpraised

KatzenbergatEisner'sexpense:"IsaidtoSchwartz,*Screwthat.Ifheisgoingtoplaythis

disingenuousgame...Isimplywasnotgoingtopayhimhismoney."Lastweek's

revelationswerethelatesrtwistinadisputethathasentertainedHollywoodandtarnished

Disney'scorporateimage.Thedashbeganfiveyearsago,whenKatzenbergquitDisney

aftera10-yearreignasstudiochief,duringwhichheoversawproductionofsuch

animatedblockbustersas"TheLionKing".Disney'sattorneyssaidthatKatzenberg

forfeitedhisbonus—2percentofprofitsinperpetuityfromallDisneymovies,TVshows

andstageproductionsfrom1984to1994,aswellastheirsequelsandtie-ins-whenhe

left.ThecompanyultimatelypaidKatzenbergapartialsettlementofnearly$117million,

sourcessay.ButtalksbrokedownoverhowmuchDisneyowed,andthedisputelanded

incourt.IndustryinsidersneverexpectedthatDisneyv/ouldpushitthisfar.Thelast

HollywoodaccountingdisputethatairedinpublicwasArtBuchwalds'slawsuitagainst

Paramountforprofitsheclaimedtobeowedfromthe1988EddieMurphyhit"Coming

toAmerica".ParamountchosetofightBuchwaldincourt-onlytowinduppayinghim

$1millionafterembarrassingrevelationsaboutitsbusinesspractices.Afterthat,studios

madeapracticeofquietlysettlingsuchclaims.ButDisneyunderEisnerwouldrather

fightthatsettle.AndheandKatzenbergarebothproud,combativetypeswhosebusiness

disagreementdeepenedintopersonalanimus.Sofar,Disney'simage-aswellas

Eisner's一hastakenabeating.InhistestimonylastweekEisnerrepeatedlyrespondedto

questionsbysaying"Idon'trecall"or"Idon'tknow".Katzenberg,bycontrast,offereda

stackofnotesandmemosthatappearedtobolsterhisclaim.(TheDisneyexecutivewho

negotiatedKatzenbergsdeal,FrankWells,diedinahelicoptercrashfiveyearsago.)The

trialhasalsoofferedadevastatingglimpseintotheMagicKingdom-sbusinessdealings.

InternaldocumentsdetailsensitiveDisneyfinancialinformation.OneHollywoodlawyer

callsamemosenttoKatzenbergfromaformerDisneytopaccountant"aroadmapto

riches"forwriters,directorsandproducerseagertopresscasesagainstDisney.The

companydeclinedrequeststocommentonthecase.Thenextphaseofthetrialcouldbe

evenmoreembarrassing.AsKatzenberg'sprofitparticipationiscalculated,Eisnerwill

havetoarguethathisanimatedtreasuresarefarlessvaluablethanKatzenbergclaims.No

matterhowthejudgerules,Disneywilllooklikealoser.

58、Attheendofthefirstparagraph,thepronoun'T*inthequotedsentence"Isaidto

Schwartz,..."refersto.

A、Eisner

B、Fields

C>Schwartz

D、Katzenberg

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

59^KatzenbergmadealawsuitagainstDisneybecause.

A^Disneydismissedhimbeforethecontractexpired

B>Eisnerinsultedhiminamagazinebycallinghim"thelittlemidget"

C>Disneydidnotpayhiminaccordancewiththecontract

D^Disneyowedhim$117million

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

60sHollywoodstudiosnowtrytoavoidsealingdisputeswiththeiremployeesincourt

becausetheyfearthat.

A、involvementinalawsuitwilltarnishtheirreputation

manyoftheirillegalbusinesspracticeswillbefoundoutbyihepublic

C、lawyerswilloverchargethemforsuchcases

D、theirconfidentialbusinessinformationwillbedivulged

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D-

知識點解析：暫無解析

61、Itisimpliedinthelastparagraphthat.

A^Disneyhasprofitedmuchlessthanthegeneralpublicexpected

B、Disneyhasunderpaidmanyoftheiremployees

C、Fisner'sanimatedmoviesdidn'tbringasmuchmoneyasKatzenhergthinks

D、Disneyisundergoingafinancialcrisis

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

62Wecaninferfromthispassagethat.

A、Katzenbergwillundoubtedlywinthelawsuitandgetallthemoneyheclaimed

B、Eisnerwillremainimperturbableallthroughthetrial

C>Katzenbergwillsuffergreatembarrassment

D、Disneywillfacemorelawsuitsfromtheiremployees

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

TheWelshlanguagehasalwaysbeentheultimatemarkerofWelshidentity,buta

generationagoitlookedasifWelshwouldgothewayofManxoncewidelyspokenon

theisleofManbutnowextinct.Governmentfinancingandcentralplanning,however,

hashelpedreversethedeclineofWelsh.Roadsignsandofficialpublicdocumentsare

writteninbothWelshandEnglish,andschoolchildrenarerequiredtolearnboth

languages.WelshisnowoneofthemostsuccessfulofEurope'sregionallanguages,

spokenbymorethanahalfmillionofthecountry'sthreemillionpeople.Therevivalof

thelanguage,particularlyamongyoungpeople,ispartofaresurgenceofnational

identitysweepingthroughthissmall,proudnation.LastmonthWalesmarkedthesecond

anniversaryoftheopeningoftheNationalAssembly,thefirstparliamenttobeconvened

heresince1404.Theideabehinddevolutionwastorestorethebalancewithintheunion

ofnationsmakinguptheUnitedKingdom.Withmostofthepeopleandwealth,England

hasalwayshadbraggingrights.Thepartialtransferoflegislativepowersfrom

Westminster,implementedbyTonyBlair,wasdesignedtogivetheothermembersofthe

club-Scotland,NorthernIreland,andWales—abiggersayandtocountercentrifugal

forcesthatseemedtothreatentheveryideaoftheunion.TheWelshshowedlittle

enthusiasmfordevolution.WhereastheScotsvotedoverwhelminglyforaparliament,the

voteforaWelshassemblyscrapedthroughbylessthanonepercentonaturnoutofless

than25percent.Itspowerswereproportionatelylimited.TheAssemblycandecidehow

moneyfromWestminsterortheEuropeanUnionisspent.Itcannot,unlikeitscounterpart

inEdinburgh,enactlaws.Butnowthatitishere,theWelsharegrowingtoliketheir

Assembly.Manypeoplewouldlikeittohavemorepowers.Itsimportanceasfigurehead

willgrowwiththeopeningin2003,ofanewdebatingchamber,oneofmanynew

buildingsthataretransformingCardifffromadecayingseaportintoaBaltimore-style

waterfrontcity.MeanwhileagrantofnearlytwomilliondollarsfromtheEuropean

Unionwilltacklepoverty.WalesisoneofthepoorestregionsinWesternEurope-only

Spain,Portugal,andGreecehavealowerstandardofliving.Newspapersandmagazines

arefilledwithstoriesaboutgreatWelshmenandwomen,boostingself-esteem.To

familiarfacessuchasDylanThomasandRichardBurtonhavebeenaddednewicons

suchasCatherineZcta-Jones,themoviestar,andBrynTerfel,theoperasinger.

Indigenousfoodslikesaltmarshlambareinvogue.AndWalesnowboastsanational

airline.AwyrCymru.Cymru,whichmeans"landofcompatriots",istheWelshnamefor

Wales.Thereddragon,thenation'ssymbolsincethetimeofKingArthur,iseverywhere-

onT-shirts,rugbyjerseysandevencellphonecovers.'Untilveryrecenttimesmost

Welshpeoplehadthisfeelingofbeingsecond-classcitizens,*'saidDyfanJones,an18-

year-oldstudent.Itwasawarmsummernight,andIwassittingonthegrasswithagroup

ofyoungpeopleinLlanelli,anindustrialtowninthesouth,outsidetherockmusicvenue

oftheNationalEisteddfod,Wales'sannualculturalfestival.Thedisusedfactoryinfront

ofusechoedtothesoundsofnewWelshbands."Therewasalmostagenetictendency

forlackofconfidence",Dyfancontinued.EquallycomfortableinhisWelshnessasinhis

membershipintheEnglish-speaking,globalyouthcultureandthenewfederalEurope,

Dyfan,liketherestofhisgeneration,isgrowingupwithasenseofpossibility

unimaginabletenyearsago."Weusedtothink.Wecan'tdoanything,we'reonlyWelsh.

NowTthinkthat'schanging."

63Accordingtothepassage,devolutionwasmainlymeantto.

A^maintainthepresentstatusamongthenations

B、reducelegislativepowersofEngland

C、createabetterstaleofequalityamongthenations

D^grantmoresaytoallthenationsintheunion

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

64^Theword"centrifugal"inthesecondparagraphmeans.

A、separatist

conventional

C、feudal

D、political

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

65、WalesisdifferentfromScotlandinallthefollowingaspectsEXCEPT.

A、people'sdesirefbrdevolution

B、locals'turnoutfbrthevoting

C、powersofthelegislativebody

D、statusofthenationallanguage

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

66、WhichofthefollowingisNOTcitedasanexampleoftheresurgenceofWelsh

nationalidentity?

A、Welshhaswitnessedarevivalasanationallanguage.

B、Poverty-relieffundshavecomefromtheEuropeanUnion.

C、AWelshnationalairlineiscurrentlyinoperation.

D、Thenationalsymbolhasbecomeafamiliarsight.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B'-

知識點解析：暫無解析

67、AccordingtoDyfanJoneswhathaschangedis.

A、people'smentality

B>popculture

C、town'sappearance

D、possibilitiesforthepeople

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

Thetimingofmarketentryiscriticaltothesuccessofanewproduct.Acompanyhastwo

alternatives:itcancompetetoenteranewproductmarketfirst-otherwiseknownas

"pioneering"-oritcanwaitforacompetitortotakethslead,andthenfollowoncethe

markethasbeenestablished.Despitethelimitationsofexistingresearch,nobodydenies

thattherearcadvantagestobeingapioneeringcompany.Overtheyears,therehasbeena

gooddealofevidencetoshowaperformanceadvantageforpioneers.Formanynew

products,customersareinitiallyunsureaboutthecontributionofproductcharacteristics

andfeaturestotheproducts'value.Preferencesfordifferentcharacteristicsandtheir

desiredlevelsarelearnedovertime.Thisenablesthepioneeringcompanytoshape

customerpreferencesinitsfavour.Itsetsthestandardtowhichcustomersreferin

evaluatingfollowers*products.Thepioneeringproductcanbecometheclassicor

"original"productforthewholecategory,openingupafloodofsimilarproductsontothe

market,asexemplifiedbyWalkmanandPolaroid.Thepioneeringproductisabigger

noveltywhenitappearsonthemarket,andisthereforemorelikelythanthosethatfollow

tocapturecustomeranddistributorattention.Inaddition,apioneer'sadvertisingisnot

mixedupwithcompetitors'campaigns.Eveninthelongterm,followersmustcontinueto

spendmoreonadvertisingtoachievethesameeffectaspioneers.Thepioneerscanset

standardsfordistribution,occupythebestlocationsorselectthebestdistributors,which

cangivethemeasieraccesstocustomers.Forexample,inmanyUScitiesthecoffee

chainStarbucks,asthefirsttomarket,wasabletoopencoffeebarsinbetterknown

locationsthanitscompetitors.Inmanyindustrialmarkets,distributorsarenotkeento

takeonsecondandihirdproducts,particularlywhentheproductistechnicallycomplex

orrequireslargeinventoriesofspareparts."Switchingcosts'1arisewheninvestmentsare

requiredinordertoswitchtoanotherproduct.Forexample,manypeoplehavedeveloped

skillsinusingthetraditional"qwerty"keyboard.Changingtothepresumablymore

efficient"dvorak'1keyboardwouldrequirerelearninghowtotype,aninvestmentthatin

manycaseswouldexceedtheexpectedbenefitsinefficiency.Switchingcostsalsoarise

whenthequalityofaproductisdifficulttoassess.Peoplewholiveabroadoften

experienceasimilar"cost"whensimplepurchasedecisionssuchasbuyingdetergent,

toothpasteorcoffeesuddenlybecomeharderbecausethetrustedbrandfromhomeisno

longeravailable.Pioneeringproductshavethefirstchancetobecomethistrustedbrand.

Consequently,thecompaniesthatfollowmustworkhardtoconvincecustomerstobear

thecostsandrisksofswitchingtoanuntriedbrandofunknownquality.Unlikeother

consumersectors,thevaluetocustomersofmanyhightechnologyproductsreliesnot

onlyontheirfeaturesbutalsoonthetotalnumberofusers.Forexample,thevalueofa

videophonedependsonthenumberofpeopleusingthesameoracompatiblesystem.A

pioneerobviouslyhastheopportunitytobuildalargeuserbasebeforecompetitorsenter

themarket.Thisreducesfollowers'abilitytointroducedifferentiatedproducts.Thereare

otheradvantagesofalargeuserbase,suchastheabilitytosharecomputerfileswith

otherusers.Thus,softwarecompaniesareoftenwillingtogiveawayproductstobuild

themarketquicklyandsetastandard.

68、Inthefirstparagraph,thewriterpointsoutthat.

A、thereisgeneralagreementonthebenefitsofpioneeringproducts

B、companiesarestilluncertainabouthowtomarketnewproducts

C、mostcompaniesprefertomarketnewproductsindependently

D、therearenowguidelinestohelpthosewhowishtopioneer

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

69Accordingtotheinformationinthesecondparagraph,howdocustomersapproach

newproducts?

A、Theytakesometimetodevelopalikingforthem.

B、Theymakecomparisonswithothernewproducts.

C、Theyneedsomepersuasiontopurchasethem.

D、Theyconsidercostanimportantfeature.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

70、ThewriterreferstoWalkmanandPolaroidbecausetheywere.

A、betterthananyoftheirfollowers

BNcopiedmanytimesbytheirfollowers

C、quicklyacceptedbyconsumers

D^designedforaparticularmarket

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

71、Whenpioneeringproductsarepromoted,thewriternotesthat.

A、aheavyfinancialinvestmentisrequired

B、awidevarietyofadvertisingmethodsmustbeused

C^aclearmessageislikelytobecommunicated

D、alongcampaignisusuallynecessary

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

72、Accordingtothefinalparagraph,thehightechnologymarketdiffersfromother

consumermarketsinthat.

A、ilisstillarelativelynewareaofconsumerism

itisnotdependentonproductcharacteristicsalone

C、therearesomanydifferenttypesofproductonthemarket

Dxthereissuchagreatdemandforhightechnologyproducts

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B--

知識點解析：暫無解析

Ifoneofyourresearchstaffannouncedthathehadworkedoutawaytopropelavehicle

onacushionofair,wouldyoutellhimtoconcentrateonsomethingpractical,orsuggest

takingitfurther?Ifamemberofyourdevelopmentteamaskedifshecouldcomeinlate

becauseshehadherbestideasat3amwouldyouinsistthatsheisintheofficeat9am

likeeveryoneelse?Currentbusinesswisdomisthatcompaniesneedcreative,innovative

peopletobeatcompetitors.Therealityisthatcompanieshavealwaysneedednewideas

tosurviveandprogress,butinthepasttheyweren'tparticularlygoodatencouragingthe

peoplewhoproducedthem.Originalthinkersdon'talwaysfiteasilyintotheframework

ofanorganisation.However,theadvicefrommanagingdirector,JohnSerranois"Getrid

ofthedullpeopleandencouragetheunusualones'*.Essentially,hebelievesthat

companiesneedtolearnhowtomanagetheiroriginalthinkersinordertoensurethatthe

businessprofitsfromtheircontribution.Healsosays,"Originalthinkersoftenfindit

difficulttodrivechangewithintheorganisation,sotheyresign,feelingangryand

disappointed.Itisessentialtoavoidthis.""Youcan'trecogniseoriginalthinkersbythe

waytheylook",saysIanFreeman.Anapparentlyordinaryexteriorcanconcealavery

creativethinker."Hisconsultancy,IBTPersonnel,hasdevisedastructuredwayto

identifyoriginalthinkers.Wedefineemployeesaschampions,free-wheelers,bystanders

andweaklinks,andmostoriginalthinkerscomeintothecategoryoffree-wheelers.They

maymissdeadlinesiftheybecomeinvolvedinsomethingmoreinteresting.Theyare

passionateandhighlymotivatedbuthavelittleornounderstandingofbusinessdirections

andsystems."HeadhunterGeorgeSolomonalsothinksoriginalthinkershavetheir

disadvantages."Theymayhaveabadinfluencewithinanorganisation,especiallygiven

thecurrentmanagementtrendforworkinginteams.Theoriginalthinkersthemselves

maybeunawareofanyproblem,buthavingthemaroundcanbedisruptivetocolleagues,

whohavetobeallowedtopointoutwhentheyarcbeingdrivencrazybytheoriginal

thinkersbehaviour."Yet,inhisopinion,the"dreamteam"inanycreativeorganisation

consistsofabalancedmixtureoforiginalthinkersandmorepractical,realisticpeople.