滿分練1閱讀理解+七選五閱讀2025年高考總復(fù)習(xí)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)二輪專題英語A課后習(xí)題題組限時(shí)滿分練含答案滿分練(二)閱讀理解+七選五閱讀Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2024江西新余二模)Somebuildingscanleaveyouwonderinghowonearththeywerebuilt.Jaw-droppingarchitectureisnotnew.We’restillamazedthattheGreatPyramidinEgyptwasbuilt4,500yearsago!Readonformorerecentexamplesofinnovative4buildingsconstructedusingtechnologydevelopedinthelastcentury.KrzywyDomek(CrookedHouse)Sopot,PolandCOMPLETED:2004SIZE:Aboutthree-fourthsthesizeofafootballfieldWithitswarped13walls,curvedstainedglass,androofthatlookslikegreendragonscales,CrookedHouseispopularwithphotographers.Staringatitfortoolongmightmakeyoudizzy!Insidethoughisatypicalmallandofficebuilding.Peoplecanshopinthestores,eatintherestaurantsandgettheirhaircutinasalon.AfavoritefeatureistheWallofFamewithsignaturesfromPolishcelebrities.It’smodeledaftertheHollywoodWalkofFame.CubeHousesRotterdam,NetherlandsCOMPLETED:1984SIZE:Aboutone-fourththesizeofabasketballcourtThe38CubeHousesareapopularattraction,buttheyarealsorealhousesthatpeoplelivein!Thecubeshaveconcretefoundationsandfloorswithawood-framelivingspaceontop.Cementpanelsandzincpanelsaddvisualappeal.Thefurnitureistailor-madetofittheoddangleswherethewallsmeet.BubblePalaceCannes,FranceCOMPLETED:1989SIZE:AlmostthreetimesthesizeofabasketballcourtThishousemaylooklikeaspacecolonybutit’sreallya10-bedroompalace.Madeofcave-likebubblesformingalabyrinth(迷宮),italsohasponds,waterfalls,swimmingpools,anoutdoortheaterthatseats500people,andviewsoftheMediterraneanSea.WonderworksPigeonForge,TenesseeCOMPLETED:2006(Otherlocationsfollowed)SIZE:Aboutnine-tenthsthesizeofafootballfieldLookingatthecracksinthisbuilding,youmightthink,isitabouttocrumble?Andhowdotheygetpalmtreesandgrasstogrowupsidedown?Butit’sallanillusion.Thisindooramusementparkisactuallyprettynormal.Theupside-downfeaturesarejustforshow.Insidearemorethan100hands-onscienceexhibitsandactivities,includingalaser-tagzone,ahurricane-forcewindtunnel,azero-gravityastronaut-trainingride,andathree-storyropescourse.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四座使用20世紀(jì)開發(fā)的技術(shù)建造的創(chuàng)新建筑,它們會(huì)令人瞠目結(jié)舌。1.Whichbuildinghasthesmallestsize?A.Wonderworks. B.CubeHouses.C.BubblePalace. D.KrzywyDomek.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)四座建筑分別對(duì)應(yīng)的尺寸信息“Aboutthree-fourthsthesizeofafootballfield”“Aboutone-fourththesizeofabasketballcourt”“Almostthreetimesthesizeofabasketballcourt”和“Aboutnine-tenthsthesizeofafootballfield”可知,CubeHouses是其中最小的建筑,約為籃球場(chǎng)的四分之一大小。2.WhatcanvisitorsappreciateinWonderworks?A.TheWallofFamewithsignaturesfromPolishcelebrities.B.Thetailor-madefurnituretofitthestrangeangles.C.Anillusionofpalmtreesandgrassgrowingupsidedown.D.Alabyrinthformedbycave-likebubbles.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Wonderworks中“Lookingatthecracks...it’sallanillusion.”可知,在Wonderworks中游客有棕櫚樹和草倒著生長(zhǎng)的錯(cuò)覺。3.Wherecouldthepassagecomefrom?A.Atextbook. B.Atourbrochure.C.Amagazine. D.Areport.答案C解析推理判斷題。通讀全文,文章為讀者介紹了四座使用20世紀(jì)開發(fā)的技術(shù)建造的創(chuàng)新建筑,與建筑相關(guān),結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知,文章可能出自一本雜志。B(2024山東日照二模)WhenBellaLinwas12yearsold,shenoticedthatherguineapigs(豚鼠)seemedunhappyintheirsmallcagewith“prison-likebars”,LintoldtheCNBCMakeItwebsite.Focusingonfindinganalternativetotraditionalcagesforherpets,thenow17-year-oldfromMountainView,US,beganherdesigns.Linexperimentedwithmultipledesignsandusedaround$2,000fromhersavingstostarthersidebusiness,GuineaLoft,onAmazoninNovember2022.Itmadeabigdifferenceandsoldnearly11,000cagesandbroughtinmorethan$410,000in2023,accordingtoCNBCMakeIt.Initially,Lininformedherfatherofherdesiretodevelopanimprovedcage.Herfatherhadrelationswithafamily-ownedfactoryinChinathroughapreviousclient,andhereachedouttothem.Traditionalguineapigcagestypicallyconsistofbars,roofs,andeithertarp(防水布)orplasticbottoms,makingthemhardtocleanandoftensmellbad.Lin’sinitialglass,open-floorcagesofferedmorevisibilityandmobility,withatwo-layeredbottom.Thisdesignallowsfortheeasyremovalofsoiledbeddingbypushingitintoaremovableplastictray(托盤).However,duetohighshippingcosts,theglassmaterialwasimpractical,andtheopenfloorcausedproblemsforhersmallerguineapigs,astheirfeetwouldgetstuck.Linandhersix-personteaminChinadevotedlatenightstoresearchingandtestingproducts.Herteamhandledthesourcing,manufacturing,packagingandphotographyoftheproducts.Intheend,theychoseacrylic,insteadofglass,andcraftedreplaceablebottoms,asLindescribedit.Thebottomsareeasytothrowout,whichisgoodforbusiness:Oncecustomersrunoutofthebottoms,theyhavetovisitLin’sAmazonstoreagaintorestock.“WitnessingthepracticaleffectsofGuineaLoftcagesthroughcustomerreviewsandemailsisempowering,”Linsaid.“Assomeonewhoonceplacedgreatemphasisonacademicrecognition,thesuccessofmysidebusinesshasboostedmyconfidenceinexploringlifebeyondhighschool.”【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了BellaLin在注意到她的豚鼠在小籠子里不開心后,開始設(shè)計(jì)替代傳統(tǒng)籠子的新型籠子的故事。4.WhatinspiredLintodesignanewcageforguineapigs?A.Thehugeprofitsinherbusiness.B.Theirbadlivingconditions.C.Herunpleasantexperienceatschool.D.Herdesiretoreplaceoldcages.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知,豚鼠惡劣的生活條件激發(fā)了她為它們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)新的籠子。5.WhatisamajoradvantageofLin’snewcage?A.Itiswaterproof. B.Itlastslong.C.Itiseasytoclean. D.Itsmellsnice.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thisdesignallowsfortheeasyremovalofsoiledbeddingbypushingitintoaremovableplastictray.”可知,她設(shè)計(jì)的新籠子的巨大優(yōu)勢(shì)是便于清理。6.HowdoesLinsoundinthelastparagraph?A.Humorous. B.Concerned.C.Encouraged. D.Curious.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知,她意識(shí)到自己設(shè)計(jì)的豚鼠籠實(shí)際效果很好,探索高中以后生活的信心得以增強(qiáng)。由此可知,她聽起來很受鼓舞。7.Whatmaybeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.InventingforOurPetsB.RunningaSideBusinessC.BellaLin’sAcademicAchievementsD.TheApplicationofGuineaPigCages答案A解析主旨大意題。通讀全文,尤其是第一段中“Focusingonfindinganalternativetotraditionalcagesforherpets,thenow17-year-oldfromMountainView,US,beganherdesigns.”可知,文章為讀者講述了BellaLin的故事,她在注意到她的豚鼠在小籠子里不開心后,開始設(shè)計(jì)替代傳統(tǒng)籠子的新型籠子。因此,A項(xiàng)“為我們的寵物做發(fā)明”契合文章主旨,最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。C(2024江西景德鎮(zhèn)三模)Haveyoueverhadthefeelingthatyoucan’tthinkwhenthereistoomuchnoisearound?Didyoueverthinkafishcouldexperiencethatfeelingtoo?ArecentpaperpublishedinSciencetitled“Soundscape(聲景)oftheAnthropoceneOceans”,combinedover10,000scientificpapers,confirmingthatundersealifeknowsthatexactsamefeeling,moreoftenthannot.Anthropogenic(人為的)oceannoise,alsoknownasunderwaternoisepollution,hascreatedadramaticimpactonmarinelifedueto“human-caused”activitywithinandneighboringouroceans.DisneyPixar’sanimatedfilmFindingNemoeducatedusabouttheocean,andspecificallywithintheordinaryworldofaclownfish.Afactmanymaynotknowisthatclownfishspendthefirstpartoftheirlivesaslarvae,driftingwiththecurrentoftheoceanuntiltheybecomestrongenoughtoswimagainstit.Oncetheyarepowerfulandstrong,theyheadhomeinshelteredcoralreefs.Thereisonlyonedrawback—thefishcan’tphysicallyseethereef,buttheycanhearit.Theonlyproblemis,iftheycan’thearit,willtheyevermakeithome?Ouranthropogenicoceannoise,suchascargoships,shipandboatpropellers,surfing,deepseamining,etc.arecausingdestructionofmarinelife.AccordingtoTime,soundisthesensorysignalthattravelsthefarthestthroughtheocean.Anthropogenicnoisedrownsoutthenaturalsoundscapes,puttingmarinelifeunderimmensestress.Altogether,thisstressthenaffectstheirgeneralhealth,disruptstheirbehavior,physiology,reproductionand,inextremecases,causesdeath.Marinelifecanadapttonoisepollution,however,onlyiftheycanescapeit.Thisonlyrendersfurthercomplicationsofstraying(使偏離)speciesfromtheirtraditionalbreedingregionsorseparatingthemfromtheirfamilies.Now,whatifwetoldyouthereisalreadyasolution?Multipleremedies,ideasanddesignsarecurrentlyintheworksoralreadyexisttoeliminateandreversethedamageofanthropogenicoceannoise.AsTimeexplains,fromwind-poweredshipstonoise-reducingpropellers,floatingwindturbinesand“bubblecurtains”thatmuffleconstructionnoise,thesolutionsarealreadyavailableandinsomecases,cost-effective.Theauthorsofthepaperhopeitwillcatchtheattentionofpolicymakers,whohistoricallyspeaking,haveignoredthematterstilltothisday.Ofallthechallengesoceancreaturesarebattling,luckilysoundpollutionistheeasiestcompromisehumanscanmake.Oncethenoisehasdecreased,marinelifewillbeabletobettermanageeverythingelseitisupagainst.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了人為海洋噪聲對(duì)海洋生物造成的影響,以及目前存在的解決方案和對(duì)未來政策制定者的呼吁。8.Howdoesanthropogenicoceannoiseaffectclownfish?A.Itimprovestheirreproductionrates.B.Itpromotestheirbetterdevelopment.C.Ithindersthemfromfindingtheirhome.D.Itcausesthemtogiveuptheirmigrationintheocean.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Thereisonlyonedrawback...evermakeithome?”可知,人為的海洋噪聲會(huì)阻礙小丑魚找到回家的路。9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“renders”probablymeaninparagraph3?A.Leadsto. B.Decideson.C.Holdsback. D.Resultsfrom.答案A解析詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中“Marinelifecanadapt...fromtheirfamilies.”可知,海洋生物會(huì)因?yàn)樵肼曃廴径x傳統(tǒng)繁殖區(qū)域或與它們的同類分離,這是噪聲污染帶來的結(jié)果。由此可推知,畫線單詞“renders”的意思是“導(dǎo)致”,與選項(xiàng)A意思接近。10.Whichofthefollowingsolutionsisalreadyavailableaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Theapplicationofrelevantlaws.B.Theuseofnoisecontroltechnology.C.Therestrictionofhumanactivities.D.Theattentionoflocalpolicymakers.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“AsTimeexplains...cost-effective.”可知,已經(jīng)有一些噪聲控制技術(shù)可以用來減少人為的海洋噪聲。11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thebeautyofmarineecosystems.B.Theurgentneedforoceanconservation.C.Theimpactofclimatechangeonoceannoise.D.Theharmfuleffectsofhuman-generatedoceannoise.答案D解析主旨大意題。文章第一段指出了人為的海洋噪聲對(duì)海洋生物的影響。文章第二段至第四段通過講述小丑魚的例子和海洋生物對(duì)噪聲的適應(yīng)性,進(jìn)一步說明了噪聲污染對(duì)海洋生物的危害。文章最后一段提出了一些已經(jīng)存在的解決方案。由此可知,文章主要講述的是人為產(chǎn)生的海洋噪聲的有害影響。D(2024河南開封三模)Advancesinartificialintelligence(AI)areindicatingthataccuratequakeforecastingmaybeattainable,therebycastingdoubtontheconventionalwisdomthatsuchanaccomplishmentisbeyondourcapabilities.ResearchersattheUniversityofTexas,Austin,createdanAImodelthat,duringatestruninChina,correctlyforecastedapproximately70percentofearthquakeswithaone-weekwarningandofferedreliableassessmentsoftheirpotentialintensity.Theresearchersattributetheirtechnique’seffectivenesstoitsrelianceonastraightforwardmachinelearningframework.TheAIwasprovidedwithasetofstatisticalfeaturesbasedontheteam’sknowledgeofearthquakephysics,andtheninstructedtotrainitselfusingafive-yeardatabaseofearthquakerecordings.Oncetrained,theAIofferedpredictionsbydetectingearlyindicatorsofquakeshiddenwithintheplanet’slow-frequencyrumbles(隆隆聲).TheprojectmarksasubstantialbreakthroughintheexplorationofAIforanticipatingseismic(地震)events.AccordingtoAlexandrosSavvaidis,aseniorresearcherheadingtheTexasSeismologicalNetwork,“Seismicoccurrencesstrikewithoutwarning,oftenintheblinkofaneye.Yourreadinessisallyoucaninfluence.Achievinga70%predictionrateisaconsiderableachievementthatcouldsignificantlyrestricttheimpactofearthquakes,reducingboththefinancialburdenandlossoflife,andthepotentialtoremarkablyimproveearthquakepreparationworldwide.”Althoughtheeffectivenessofthismethodindifferentregionsremainsuncertain,theresearchersbelievethattheirAImodelhasthepotentialtoenhancepredictionaccuracywhencarriedoutinregionsequippedwithdependableseismicmonitoringfacilities.TheirnextstepistotestartificialintelligenceinTexas,wheretheUniversityofTexas’sTexNetoperatesanetworkof300earthquakestationsandoversixyears’worthofcontinuousrecords,makingitanideallocationforthesepurposes.Ultimately,theauthorsaimtocombinethesystemwithphysics-basedmodels.Thisapproachcouldbeparticularlyvaluableinareascharacterizedbylimitedorinadequatedata.“Thatmaybealongwayoff,butmanyadvancessuchasthisone,takentogether,arewhatmovesscienceforward,”concludesScottTinker,thebureau’sdirector.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了人工智能可以給出準(zhǔn)確的地震預(yù)測(cè),介紹了其工作原理以及意義。12.HowdoestheAIpredictseismicevents?A.Itidentifiesdatafromthesatellites.B.ItanalyzesbackgroundsoundsintheEarth.C.Itmodelsdatabasedonearthquakerecordings.D.ItmonitorschangesintheEarth’smagneticfield.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Oncetrained,theAIofferedpredictionsbydetectingearlyindicatorsofquakeshiddenwithintheplanet’slow-frequencyrumbles.”可知,人工智能分析地球上的背景聲音預(yù)測(cè)地震事件。13.WhatdoesAlexandrosSavvaidisintendtoshowinparagraph3?A.Thewaystoreducelossesinearthquakes.B.Theimportanceofpreparingforearthquakes.C.ThesignificanceofdevelopingtheAIprediction.D.TherestrictionsofAI-basedmethodsinearthquakeprediction.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知,亞歷山德羅斯·薩瓦伊迪斯想說明發(fā)展人工智能預(yù)測(cè)的意義。14.Whatdoesthesubsequentresearchfocuson?A.Conductingtestsindifferentlocations.B.ApplyingtheAIapproachtootherfields.C.BuildingmoreearthquakestationsinTexas.D.Enlargingthedatabasetotrainthecalculationaccuracy.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Theirnextstepistotest...ideallocationforthesepurposes.”可知,接下來的研究重點(diǎn)是在不同地點(diǎn)進(jìn)行測(cè)試。15.Whichwordscanbestdescribetheearthquake-predictingtechnology?A.Stablebutoutdated.B.Effectivebutcostly.C.Potentialandeconomical.D.Pioneeringandpromising.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段首句以及最后一段末句可推知,地震預(yù)測(cè)技術(shù)具有開創(chuàng)性和前景。Ⅱ.七選五(2024湖南永州三模)Astheseasonsarestartingtochangearoundtheworld,theanimalkingdomisonthemove.Animalmigrationisoneofnature’sgreatwonders,buthowdoanimalsknowwhenitistimetosetoffontheirjourney,orwheretheyneedtogo?Oncethey’veworkedouttheirdestination,howdotheyknowhowtogetthere?16.

Migrationisabehavioralpatternwhereanimalstravelfromonehabitattoanotherinsearchofsomething.Ithappensseasonally,andusuallyinvolvesareturnjourney.Thesejourneyscanbebyland,seaorair.17.Animalslikegazelles,wildebeestsandzebrasmigrateinhugeherdsduringdryseasonstolookforfreshgrasstoeatandwatertodrink.

Animalsalsomigratebecauseoftheweather.Around50birdspeciesleavetheUKeachwintertoavoidthecold.18.They’reeithersearchingforamate,lookingforsomewheretolaytheireggsorfindingthebestplacetoraisetheiryoung.Forexample,humpbackwhalestraveltowarmerwaterseachwintertoraisetheircalves.

19,buthowdotheyknowwhenitistimetoheadoff?Forthosewhomigratetolookforsomethingtoeat,scientiststhinkshortagesoffoodcouldbeasignthatit’stimetobegintheirjourney.Othersmightbeabletorecognizewhenwinteriscomingbecausetheycanseethatthedaysaregettingshorter.

Sohowdotheyknowwheretogo?Someusethestarsandthesuntohelpthemnavigatewhileothersrelyonlandmarkslikeriversandmountainstoshowthemwheretheyare.20.Wildebeestsarethoughttofollowthesmellofrain.

A.BelowaresomewaystheygetthereB.AnimalshavetheirreasonsformigratingC.ScientistshavebeenpuzzledbythesequestionsformanyyearsD.It’salsopossibleforanimalstosnifftheirwaytotheirdestinationE.SomebirdstraveltotheUKtoescapeextremecoldfurthernorthF.OneofthemainreasonsbehindanimalmigrationisthesearchforfoodG.Forsomeanimals,it’stheneedtoreproducethatsendsthemontheirjourney答案與解析【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要解釋了動(dòng)物遷移這一行為相關(guān)的問題。16.C空前提出了一些與動(dòng)物遷徙相關(guān)的問題,故C項(xiàng)符合,C項(xiàng)中的“thesequestions”指代空前提出的這幾個(gè)問題。17.F空后提到了瞪羚、角馬和斑馬等動(dòng)物在旱季成群結(jié)隊(duì)地遷徙,尋找新鮮的食物和水源,故它們遷徙的目的是尋找食物和水源,故F項(xiàng)符合。18.G空后提出它們遷徙是為了尋找配偶,或者尋找產(chǎn)卵的地方,或者尋找養(yǎng)育幼崽的最佳地點(diǎn),故G項(xiàng)符合,繁殖的需求讓一些動(dòng)物踏上了旅程,它們要么是在尋找配偶,要么在尋找產(chǎn)卵的地方,要么尋找養(yǎng)育幼崽的最佳地點(diǎn)。19.B空后提出了另外一個(gè)問題,什么時(shí)候出發(fā),且上文一直在解釋動(dòng)物遷徙的原因,故B項(xiàng)符合,承上啟下,總結(jié)上文分析的原因,并引出下文遷徙的時(shí)間。20.D空前和空后都提出了一些動(dòng)物如何知道自己該去哪里的方法,故D項(xiàng)符合,空前提出一些動(dòng)物通過地標(biāo)和星星、太陽來幫助自己導(dǎo)航,而空后則具體舉例牛羚是靠聞?dòng)晁奈兜?故D項(xiàng)可以引出下文。滿分練(一)閱讀理解+七選五閱讀Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2024山東泰安二模)LiveandlearnlikeacollegestudentthissummeratCarletonCollege’sSummerLiberalArtsInstitute(SLAI).BeginningonMarch15,SLAIisanimmersive(沉浸式的)summerlearningexperienceforcurrent10thand11thgraderstoexploreliberalartsthroughrigorousandexperientialcurriculum.Ifyouareacademicallycurious,excitedaboutlearning,andthriveincooperativeworkenvironments,SLAIistheprogramforyou!AtSLAI,youwillconnectwithlike-mindedpeersfromalloverthenationandworld,allwhileearningcollegecreditandlearningfromtop-rankedCarletonfaculty,whoareexpertsintheirfield.Choosefrom6programs,withtopicsin:History&Literature,Storytelling,Sociology,STEM,ComputerScienceandNeuroscience.StudentswhoattendSLAIcomeawayfromtheprogramonApril6withimprovedcollege-levelreading,writing,andresearchskills,anincreasedknowledgeoftopicsandmajorstheymaywanttostudyinthefuture,andageneralsenseofpreparednessforcollege.Duringtheprogram,studentsspendtheirmorningsandafternoonsinclass,conductingresearch,andinhands-onlabs.Specially,avarietyofsocialactivitiesareavailableafterclasseveryday,fromfrisbeetobeadingtomakings’mores.Weekendfieldtripstoattractionsinsurroundingcitiesarealsoincludedintheprogram.Pastdestinationshaveincludedamusementparks,museums,orevenadayatthelake!Visitourwebsitetoapplytoday!Wehavetworoundsofapplicationreview.ThefirstdeadlineisonFebruary5,andthesecondandfinaldeadlineisonMarch11.Need-basedscholarshipsareavailable.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文,主要介紹了CarletonCollege’sSummerLiberalArtsInstitute(SLAI)的課程內(nèi)容、活動(dòng)安排以及申請(qǐng)方式等信息。1.HowlongwillSLAIlast?A.About1week.B.About2weeks.C.About3weeks.D.About4weeks.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“BeginningonMarch15...rigorousandexperientialcurriculum.”和文章第三段中“StudentswhoattendSLAIcomeawayfromtheprogramonApril6”可知,SLAI將持續(xù)大約三周。2.WhatsetsSLAIapartfromotherlearningexperiences?A.Participantscanhaveaccesstohands-onlabs.B.Participantscanapplyforitonlineorinperson.C.Itenablesparticipantstoengageinsocialactivities.D.Itensuresparticipantstolearnwithcollegestudents.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“Specially,avarietyofsocialactivitiesareavailableafterclasseveryday”可知,SLAI與其他學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷的不同之處在于它使參與者能夠參與社會(huì)活動(dòng)。3.HowcanSLATbenefitparticipants?A.Itenhancesawarenessofpreparednessforcollege.B.Itcanimprovetheircollege-levellistening.C.Ithelpsparticipantsgetcollegescholarships.D.Itoffersthetopictheyarefondoffreely.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容可知,SLAI提高了為大學(xué)做準(zhǔn)備的意識(shí)。B(2024湖北武漢二模)Bythelate1960s,abstractpainterHaroldCohenhadrepresentedBritainatimportantfestivalswithhisoilpaintingsandwasseekinganewchallenge.“Maybetherearemoreinterestingthingsgoingonoutsidemystudiothaninsideit,”hethought.Cohenturnedfromthecanvas(畫布)tothescreen,usingcomputerstofindnewwaysofcreatingart.Inthelate1960s,hecreatedaprogramthathenamedAaron.Itwasthefirstartificialintelligencesoftwareintheworldoffineart,andCohenfirstpresentedAaronin1974attheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.Aaron’sworkhassincegracedmuseumsfromtheTateGalleryinLondontotheSanFranciscoMuseumofModernArt.WithAIdominatingtheheadlines,anewexhibitionatNewYork’sWhitneyMuseumofAmericanArt,“HaroldCohen:Aaron”,runningthroughJune2024,drewattentiontoCohen’spioneeringwork.TheWhitneyofferedsomethingdeeperthanmostpreviousAaronexhibits:areal-timeexperience,inwhichvisitorscouldwatchthesoftwareproduceart.CohenseededAaronwithallsortsofknowledge:aboutbasicobjects,physics,andfundamentaltechniquesofdrawing.Aaronusesthisknowledgetofollowinstructions,completetasks,andmakedecisionslikehumanbeings—averydifferentapproachfromtoday’sgenerativeAIartprograms,whichdon’tdrawfromscratch(從頭開始)butratherrelyondatabasesofimages.VersionsofAaronstillgenerateoutput,butanythingdoneafterCohen’sdeathin2016isnotconsideredgenuine.TheWhitneyisshowcasingtwoversionsofCohen’ssoftware,alongwiththeartthateachproducedbeforeCohendied.The2001version,AaronKCAT,generatesimagesoffiguresandplantsandprojectsthemontoawallmorethantenfeethigh,whilethe2007versionproducesjungle-likescenes.Thesoftwarewillalsocreateartphysically,onpaper,forthefirsttimesincethe1990s.“Itisabsolutelythrilling,”saidChristianePaul,themuseum’sdirectorofdigitalart,“tohaveoneofthoseremarkabletreasuresofdigitalartinthecollection.”【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了抽象畫家哈羅德·科恩利用計(jì)算機(jī)程序Aaron創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)的先驅(qū)性工作,及其在紐約惠特尼美術(shù)館的展覽回顧。4.WhatwasAaronbornoutof?A.Harold’scuriosity.B.Themuseum’sdonation.C.Cohen’simagination.D.Theuniversity’ssupport.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“‘Maybetherearemoreinteresting...thathenamedAaron.”可知,Aaron的誕生源于哈羅德的好奇心。5.WhatmakesAarondifferentfrommodernAIartprograms?A.Itsabilitytoassigntasks.B.Itsuseofmoderntechniques.C.Itscapabilitytomakechoices.D.Itsdependenceonexistingdatabase.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Aaronusesthisknowledge...relyondatabasesofimages.”可知,Aaron的不同之處在于它不依賴現(xiàn)有的數(shù)據(jù)庫,而是能夠自己做出決策和創(chuàng)作。6.Whatcanvisitorsdointhe“HaroldCohen:Aaron”exhibition?A.Seetheoriginal1960sversionofAaron.B.GenerateimageswiththehelpofAaron.C.Learnaboutthephysicalrulesinart.D.ObserveAaroncreatingartonthespot.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“TheWhitneyofferedsomething...thesoftwareproduceart.”可知,參觀者在“HaroldCohen:Aaron”展覽上能做的是觀察Aaron現(xiàn)場(chǎng)創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)。7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Themasterpiecesofdigitalart.B.Ashowoftheartworld’sfirstAI.C.ThelatesttechnologiesintheWhitney.D.HaroldCohen’simpactongenerativeAI.答案B解析主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了藝術(shù)家HaroldCohen創(chuàng)造的世界上第一個(gè)用于精細(xì)藝術(shù)領(lǐng)域的人工智能軟件Aaron,以及紐約惠特尼美國藝術(shù)博物館舉辦的展示Aaron及其作品的展覽。因此,文章主要講述的是藝術(shù)界首個(gè)人工智能的展覽。C(2024湖北武漢二模)Peruispreparedtoapprovenewlawsthatwouldmakeiteasiertoinvestigateandpunishresearcherswhoengageinacademiccheating,includingpayingtohavetheirnamesaddedtoapaper.ThemovecomesasPeru’snationalscienceagencyseekstocrackdownonauthorshipbuyingandotherdishonestpractices.Itrecentlyremovedtwoscientistsaccusedofdishonestpublicationsfromanationalregistrythatiskeytoreceivinggovernmentsponsor,jobpromotions,andsalarybonuses.Andofficialsareinvestigatingmorethan170otherresearchersthataPeruvianmediareportclaimedwereinvolvedinacademicmisconduct,including72listedinthenationalregistrywhoworkat14universitiesinPeru.Thenewlawswillempoweruniversitiesandgovernmentofficialstopunishsuchbehavior.Dishonestpublishingpractices“transcendmeremoralmisbehavior”becausetheyenableresearcherstoobtaingovernmentandprivatefundingwithouttellingthetruth,saysEdwardMálagaTrillo,amemberofCongresswhoisthedrivingforcebehindthebills,whichlawmakersareexpectedtofinalizeearlythisyear.“Theseindividualsareoperatingacademiccheating.”Peru’sacademiccommunityhasbeenstrugglingwitharisingtideoffalseauthorshipandrelatedproblems.Onecause,someresearcherssay,isa2014lawthataimedtostimulateresearchbyrewardingresearcherswhoboosttheirpublishingoutput.Forexample,underascoringsystemusedbyuniversities,researcherscanearnfivepointsforauthorshipinahigh-impactjournal,andtwopointswhenthejournalislowerimpact.Themassingpointscanbringbonuspaymentsandcareerpromotion.Signsofdishonestpublishingcanbeobvious,notesNahuelMonteblanco,presidentofCientificos.pe,aPeruviangroupthatinvestigatesmisconduct.ManyofthepaperscitedbyPuntoFinalhavenumerousco-authorsfromdifferentnationswithfewpriorpublicationsonthesamesubject.“Ifyourcolleagueconsistentlypublishes20articlesayearwithco-authorsfromothercountries,that’shighlysuspect,”Monteblancosays.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹秘魯準(zhǔn)備通過新的法律,以便更容易地調(diào)查和懲罰進(jìn)行學(xué)術(shù)作弊的研究人員并解釋作弊的原因和現(xiàn)象等。8.WhatactiondidPerutakerecentlytoaddressacademiccheating?A.Fining72offendersforacademicdishonesty.B.Disqualifying2scientistsfromanationalregistry.C.Punishing170researchersforacademicmisconduct.D.Withdrawinggovernmentfundfrom14universities.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Itrecentlyremovedtwoscientists...andsalarybonuses.”可知,秘魯最近從國家注冊(cè)中心取消2名科學(xué)家的資格來解決學(xué)術(shù)作弊問題。9.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningto“transcend”inparagraph3?A.Change. B.Strengthen.C.Gobeyond. D.Approveof.答案C解析詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞下文“becausetheyenableresearchers...individualsareoperatingacademiccheating”可推斷,上文意思是國會(huì)議員EdwardMálagaTrillo說,不誠實(shí)的出版行為“超越了單純的道德不端行為”,所以transcend意為“超越”,和“Gobeyond”同義。10.Whatdoweknowaboutthe2014lawinPeru?A.Itadvocatedafairscoringsystem.B.Itappliedtohigh-impactjournals.C.Itledtoanincreaseinfalseauthorship.D.Itaimedtopunishdishonestpublishing.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Onecause,someresearcherssay...paymentsandcareerpromotion.”可知,研究人員會(huì)想辦法提高論文的發(fā)表量,這樣就會(huì)導(dǎo)致虛假作者的數(shù)量增加。11.Whatmightthemostsuspicionbegiventoaproductiveresearcherwith?A.Careerpromotion.B.Consistentresearchfocus.C.FewcitationsbyPuntoFinal.D.Co-authorsfromvariouscountries.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Manyofthepapers...Monteblancosays.”可知,最值得懷疑的可能是擁有來自不同國家的合著者。D(2024湖南岳陽二模)Richvarietyexistsinprimates(靈長(zhǎng)目動(dòng)物).MonkeysrollonsnowyJapanesemountains,gorillaschewfruitonSumatra,lemursjumpbetweentreesinMadagascar,andthenakedapes—humans—walkproudlyontwolegsworldwide.ScientistscannowstudytheDNAdifferencesbeyondthatdiversity,thankstoadatabankofgenomes(基因組)from233species.Tounderstandthegoodandbadofhumanevolution—bothourextraordinaryadaptationsanddisease-causingchanges—scientistsmustcomparethegenomesofHomosapiens(智人)toourclosestevolutionaryrelatives,theprimates.Butresearchersinvestigatingdiversetopics,fromcontemporarygeneticdiseasestohumanorigins,havelongfacedaroadblockwhenpursuingthisapproach:Whilegenomicdataexistsfrommillionsofpeople,mostofthe500-plusprimatespeciesneverhadtheirgenomesread.So,in2019,TomàsMarquès-BonetattheInstituteofEvolutionaryBiology,inBarcelona,Spain,andotherbiologiststeamedupwithdiseaseresearchersatthecompanyIllumina,determinedtoobtainasmanyprimategenomesaspossible.Navigatingwildernessandlocalpermittinglaws,theinternationalresearchersobtainedhundredsofbloodsamplesfromwildandcagedanimalsinSouthAmerica,Africa,andAsia.ArrangingDNAfromthesesamplesandaddingdatafrompreviousstudies,theteambuiltabankof809genomesf