虛擬語氣的用法及專項練習(xí)題虛擬語氣表示一種假設(shè)的情況，或一種主觀的愿望，即動詞所表示的動作或狀態(tài)并非事實，或不可能實現(xiàn)。英語虛擬語氣的形式有下列幾種：一、與現(xiàn)在事實相反連接詞條件從句主句If.動詞過去式(或were)would(should/could/might)+動詞原形IfJohnhadthetime,hewouldmakeatriptoChinatoseetheGreatWall.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveupdrinkingimmediately.二.與將來事實相反連接詞條件從句主句If1.should+動詞原形2.動詞過去式3.wereto+動詞原形would(should/could/might)+動詞原形Ifyoushouldlose,whatwouldyoudo?IfIweretoseehertomorrow,Iwouldtellherthetruth..Ifyouwenttherenexttime,youwouldseewhatImean.三、與過去事實相反連接詞條件從句主句Ifhad+過去分詞would(should/could/might)+have+過去分詞IfI’dknownthatitwasgoingtorain,Iwouldneverhavegoneforawalkinthecountry.四、虛擬語氣的幾種特殊用法1.省掉if的條件從句結(jié)構(gòu)：Hadyouaskedme,Iwouldhavetoldyou.(=Ifyouhadaskedme,…)2.有時虛擬條件不用條件從句而用不定式、分詞、介詞、名詞、連接詞或定語從句來表示，如：Atruefriendwouldnotdosuchathing.(=Ifhewereatruefriend,he...)(=Iftherewerenowater,…)(=Ifyouhadn’thelpedme,…)3.有時條件從句中的動作和結(jié)果從句中的動作發(fā)生的時間不一致，如：Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,hewouldbequiteallrightnow.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonehome.五、虛擬語氣的其他用法1、Suggest,advise等動詞之后賓語從句須用虛擬語氣，其句子結(jié)構(gòu)如下：suggest,advise,recommend,demand,require,insist,urge,request,order,decide,ask,move,propose等+that…(should)+動詞原形注意：在此結(jié)構(gòu)中that不可省略；should省不省均可。Hesuggestedthatthey(should)stopsmoking.上述動詞的名詞形式出現(xiàn)時，that引導(dǎo)的從句仍用虛擬語氣。Hemadearequestthatthey(should)stopsmoking.如果that引導(dǎo)的從句所表達的內(nèi)容是事實，也可用陳述語氣。Heinsiststhatheisright.2、Itis(was)+necessary,apity等+that引導(dǎo)的從句須用虛擬語氣，其句子結(jié)構(gòu)如下：imperative,advisable,

動詞原形(dosth)Itis(was)+important,

natural,necessary

+that…(should)+essential,strange,right等動詞完成式(havedonesth)Itisimportantthatyou(should)followthedoctor’sorders.Itisrightthatyoushouldhavedoneyourhomework.3、wish的用法動詞過去式或were—與現(xiàn)在事實相反主語+wish(that)+主語+動詞過去完成式—與過去事實相反助動詞過去式+動詞原形—與將來事實相反IwishIwereapopsinger.(=IamsorryIamnotapopsinger..)IwishIhadneverstoppedteaching.(=IamsorryIstoppedteaching.)Iwishthey’dletusgetsomesleep.注意：wish與hope接賓語從句的區(qū)別在于：hope表示一般可以實現(xiàn)的希望，賓語從句用陳述語氣。wish表示很難或不大可能實現(xiàn)的希望,賓語從句用虛擬語氣。試比較：（1）Wehopetheywillcome,(Wedon’tknowiftheycancome.)（2）Wewishtheycouldcome,(Weknowtheyarenotcoming.)4、asif,asthough,would(had)rather(that)引導(dǎo)的從句須用虛擬語氣，如：Heactsasifnothinghadhappened.Iwouldratheryoudidn’ttellhim.5、It’s(high)timethat…+動詞過去式或should+動詞原形，如：It’stime(that)youhadahaircut.It’shightime(that)wetooksomeaction.注意：1.should+動詞原形較少見，且should不能省略，其意為“(早)該干某事了”;2.與其他的虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)不同，該結(jié)構(gòu)中be動詞用was而不用were.It’stimeIwasinbed.我該上床睡了。(不用were)練習(xí)1.Theteacherdemandedthattheexam_____beforeeleven.A.mustfinish

B.wouldbefinished

C.befinished

D.mustbefinished2.Shemadethedemandthatthejournalists_____atonce______Iraq.A.leave;for

B.leave;to

C.left;to

D.tobeleft;for3.HeistalkingsomuchaboutAmericaasifhe_____there.A.hadbeen

B.hasbeen

C.was

D.hasgone4.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe_____nothingwrongand_____free.A.did;set

B.haddone;shouldbeset

C.shoulddo;beset

D.haddone;mustbeset5.Isuggestedthere____beakindoflanguageallcouldunderstandanduse____.A.can;it

B./;

/

C.would;it

D.may;

/6.Thesuggestionhasbeenmade_____thebasketballgame_____putoff.A.for;to

B.that;be

C.which;shouldbe

D.to;being7.Theordercamethatthemedicalsupplies_____toBeijingfortheSarssoon.A.wouldbesent

B.shouldsend

C.besent

D.mustbesent8.Itisimportantthatwe_____wildanimals.A.willprotect

B.shouldprotect

C.shallprotect

D.areprotecting9.Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor,you_____allrightnow.A.are

B.were

C.wouldbe

D.wouldhavebeen10._____anychangeaboutthedate,pleasetellmeimmediately.A.Willtherebe

B.Shouldtherebe

C.Therewillbe

D.Thereshouldbe11._____today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.A.Wouldheleave

B.WasheleavingC.Werehetoleave

D.Ifheleave12.Shoulditrain,thecrops_____.A.wouldbesaved

B.wouldhavebeensaved

C.willbesaved

D.hadbeensaved13.You_____comeearlier.Thebusleftamomentago.A.would

B.shouldhave

C.may

D.have14.Hetreatedmeasthough/asif_____hisownson.A.Iam

B.Iwouldbe

C.Iwas

D.Iwere15.I_____yousomemoney,butIhadn'tanyonmethen.A.wouldlend

B.wouldhavelent

C.couldlend

D.mayhavelent16.Afewminutesearlierandwe_____therain.A.havecaught

B.hadcaught

C.couldhavecaught

D.weretocatch17.---"HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?"

---"No,butIwishI_____"A.have

B.will

C.do

D.had18.I'mgladIwentoverallmynotes;otherwise_____.A.Imayhavefailed

B.I'dfail

C.I'dhavefailed

D.I'llhavefailed19.---"Whatwillyoudoduringthesummerholiday?"

---"Idon'tknow,butit'shightime_____something."A.I'mdeciding

B.I'lldecide

C.Idecided

D.Idecide20.Whatshouldwedoifit_____tomorrow?A.shouldsnow

B.wouldsnow

C.snow

D.willsnow21.IfonlyI_____mywatch!A.hadn'tlost

B.haven'tlost

C.didn'tlost

D.don'tlose22.You_____suchaseriousmistakeifyouhadfollowedhisadvice.A.maynotmake

B.mightnotmakeC.shouldn'thavemade

D.mightnothavemade23.We_____theworkontimewithoutyourhelp.