高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省孝感市2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABoastingalonghistory,Chinaishometomanyfamouspaintings,whicharenowintheheartsofmorethanabillionpeople.NymphoftheLuoRiver-GuKaizhiThelegendhasitthatCaoZhifellinlovewiththegovernor’sdaughter.However,shemarriedhisbrotherandtheprincebecameupset.Later,hecomposedanemotionalpoemaboutthelovebetweenthegoddessandcommonpeople.Inthe4thcentury,GuKaizhi,aChineseartist,wasmovedbythestoryandillustratedthepoem.CourtLadiesAdorningTheirHairwithFlowers—ZhouFangDuringtheTangDynasty,thegenreof“beautifulwomenpainting”enjoyedpopularity.Comingfromanoblebackground,ZhouFangcreatedartworksinthisgenre.Inhispainting,theladiesstandasthoughtheyarefashionmodels,butoneofthemisentertainingherselfbyteasingacutedog.AlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival—ZhangZeduanZhangZeduandepicted(描繪)thelandscapeinhiswork.However,insteadofconcentratingonthevastnessofnature,hecapturedthedailylifeofthepeopleofBianjing,present-dayKaifeng.HisworkshowsmuchaboutlifeintheNorthernSongDynasty.AThousandLiofRiversandMountains—WangXimengNotonlydidofficialsandscholarsenjoylisteningtomusic,buttheyalsofoundpleasureindepictingnature.OnesuchpainterwasWangXimeng.Hewasaprodigy.WangXimengpaintedAThousandLiofRiversandMountainswhenhewasonlyseventeenyearsold.Hediedseveralyearslater,butheleftoneofthelargestandmostbeautifulpaintingsinChinesehistory.1.Wheredoyouthinkthispassageistakenfrom?A.Anovel. B.Atravelbrochure.C.Amagazine. D.Abookreview.2.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.ZhouFangpaintedfashionmodelsinhispainting.B.NymphoftheLuoRiverisapoemwrittenbyGuKaizhi.C.WangXimengcreatedhismasterpiecewhenhewasattheageofseventy.D.ZhangZeduandescribeddailylifeofthepeopleofBianjinginhisworks.3.Whichisyourbestchoiceifyouwanttoenjoyapaintingwiththebeautyofnature?A.NymphoftheLuoRiver——GuKaizhi.B.AThousandLiofRiversandMountains—WangXimeng.C.CourtLadiesAdormingTheirHairwithFlowers—ZhouFang.D.AlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival—ZhangZeduan.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了中國(guó)歷史上著名的四幅畫作。它們分別是顧愷之的《洛神賦圖》，周昉的《簪花仕女圖》，張擇端的《清明上河圖》，王希孟的《千里江山圖》?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段中的“Boastingalonghistory,Chinaishometomanyfamouspaintings,whicharenowintheheartsofmorethanabillionpeople.(中國(guó)擁有悠久的歷史，是許多名畫的故鄉(xiāng)，這些名畫現(xiàn)在在10多億人的心中。)”可知，本文介紹了四幅著名畫作，很有可能來源于雜志。故選C項(xiàng)。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival部分“However,insteadofconcentratingonthevastnessofnature,hecapturedthedailylifeofthepeopleofBianjing,present-dayKaifeng.HisworkshowsmuchaboutlifeintheNorthernSongDynasty.(然而，他沒有專注于大自然的浩瀚，而是捕捉了汴京(今天的開封)人民的日常生活。他的作品反映了北宋時(shí)期的生活。)”可知，張擇端的《清明上河圖》捕捉的是汴京人們的生活以及北宋時(shí)期人們的生活。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AThousandLiofRiversandMountains部分“Notonlydidofficialsandscholarsenjoylisteningtomusic,buttheyalsofoundpleasureindepicting(描繪)nature.OnesuchpainterwasWangXimeng.(官員和學(xué)者不僅喜歡聽音樂，而且還喜歡描繪自然。王希孟就是這樣一位畫家。)”可知。王希孟在描繪自然中尋找快樂，所以她的作品《千里江山圖》與大自然有關(guān)系，如果欣賞自然之美的畫作，最佳選擇就是“千里江山圖”。故選B項(xiàng)。BStandingontheshoreofalake,Ican’thelpbutmarvelatthetensorhundredsofthousandsofsmallrocksthatsurroundmyboots.Theywereallcreatedfromhardsurfaces,theiredgessofteningovertime.AndIwonder,canwelearnfromapileofrocks?Muchlikearock,I’vefoundmyattitudehassoftenedandmydesiretobetterunderstandothershasexpandedwitheachtriparoundthesun.Once,Itoowasasharprockcoveredinpointyedges.Today,afterdecadesofthewatersoflifecoursingoverme,myedgesaresofterandmoreunderstanding.I’mlesslikelytojudgeandmoreinterestedinlearninghowwecanexisttogether.Twoyearsago,whiletravelinginthePacificNorthwest,Iwatchedarestaurantowneraskseveralpeopletoleavefornotwearingmasks.Notforcefulandnotrude.Onthedoorreadasign:“Pleasewearamaskbeforeenteringourrestaurant.Wedon’tlikeiteither,butlet’salldowhatwecantogetthroughthistogether.”Thegroupofyoungmenwishedtoargueaboutthenote.Isatwatching,understandingbothsides.I’vebeenthoseguysbefore,usingmyyouthfuledgestochipawayattheworld.WhatIlost,however,wastheabilitytogrowfromexperiencesbylookingthroughtheeyesofothers.Inlearningtobemoreopen,I’vealsofoundmorehappinessandsuccess.Youcanfitmoreroundedrocksinajarthanthosewithsharpedges.Theformerlookforwaystoadjustandmakeroomforothers;thelatternevergiveaninchtoaccommodateothers.Time,likethewatersrollingagainstoncesharpstones,changesus.Iplacedaroundedstoneintomyjacketpocket.MotherNatureisholdingclassagain.4.Whatdoestheauthorcomparetherocksto?A.Challengeswecomeacross. B.Whatnatureoffersus.C.People’sabilities. D.People’spersonalities.5.Whydidthegroupofguysargueintherestaurant?A.Theyintendedtoskipoutonthebill.B.Theyweredissatisfiedwiththefoodoffered.C.Theywereunwillingtowearmasks.D.Theywerenotallowedtoleavetherestaurant.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“accommodate”mean?A.Fightwith. B.Trytochange.C.Providespacefor. D.Leaveagoodimpressionon.7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotelluswiththisarticle?A.Weshouldadjusttonewconditions.B.It’snecessarytoconsiderthefeelingsofothers.C.Bebravewheninthefaceofdifficultiesinlife.D.Beingopenandunderstandingbringsyoumorehappiness.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本篇是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者將人的個(gè)性或性格比作石子，正如石子因流水沖刷變得更加圓滑，人隨著時(shí)間成長(zhǎng)而不斷被磨平棱角，心胸變得更加寬廣、開明?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Muchlikearock,I’vefoundmyattitudehassoftenedandmydesiretobetterunderstandothershasexpandedwitheachtriparoundthesun.(就像一塊巖石一樣，每次環(huán)繞太陽(yáng)旅行，我都發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的態(tài)度軟化了，更好地理解他人的愿望也擴(kuò)大了)”可知，作者把巖石比作人的性格。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Twoyearsago,whiletravelinginthePacificNorthwest,Iwatchedarestaurantowneraskseveralpeopletoleavefornotwearingmasks.Notforcefulandnotrude.Onthedoorreadasign:“Pleasewearamaskbeforeenteringourrestaurant.Wedon’tlikeiteither,butlet’salldowhatwecantogetthroughthistogether.”Thegroupofyoungmenwishedtoargueaboutthenote.(兩年前，在太平洋西北地區(qū)旅行時(shí)，我看到一個(gè)餐館老板要求幾個(gè)人離開，因?yàn)樗麄儧]有戴口罩。不強(qiáng)勢(shì)也不粗魯。門上寫著：“請(qǐng)戴上口罩進(jìn)入我們的餐廳。我們也不喜歡這樣，但讓我們盡我們所能一起度過難關(guān)?！边@群年輕人想為那張紙條爭(zhēng)論一番)”可知，年輕人們不愿意做老板要求他們做的事，因此店主拒絕他們?nèi)雰?nèi)。故選C?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Youcanfitmoreroundedrocksinajarthanthosewithsharpedges.(圓的石頭比棱角分明的石頭更能裝進(jìn)罐子里)”以及“Theformerlookforwaystoadjustandmakeroomforothers;thelatternevergiveaninchto”可知，圓的石頭比棱角分明的石頭更能裝進(jìn)罐子里，前者想辦法調(diào)整自己，為他人騰出空間；后者從不讓步遷就別人。由此推知，劃線詞意思是“讓步”。故選A。【7題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段的“Muchlikearock,I’vefoundmyattitudehassoftenedandmydesiretobetterunderstandothershasexpandedwitheachtriparoundthesun.(就像一塊巖石一樣，每次環(huán)繞太陽(yáng)旅行，我都發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的態(tài)度軟化了，更好地理解他人的愿望也擴(kuò)大了)”；倒數(shù)第三段“Inlearningtobemoreopen,I’vealsofoundmorehappinessandsuccess.(在學(xué)習(xí)更開放的過程中，我也找到了更多的快樂和成功)”以及最后一段“Time,likethewatersrollingagainstoncesharpstones,changesus.Iplacedaroundedstoneintomyjacketpocket.MotherNatureisholdingclassagain.(時(shí)間，就像激流沖擊著曾經(jīng)鋒利的石頭，改變了我們。我把一塊圓石頭放進(jìn)夾克口袋里。大自然母親又在上課了)”可知，作者想告訴我們包容和理解他人可帶來快樂。故選D。CAspoonfulofpickles(榨菜)cansometimesmakeamealtastewaybetter.Recently,anewtypeofpickleisbeingdiscussed:“digitalpickledvegetables”.Itreferstothevideospeoplewatchwhileeating.Manypeoplethinkthatthevideoscanmaketheirfoodmoreappetizing.Thetopicreceivedmorethan16millionclicksonSinaWeiboandabout100,000peopleparticipatedinthediscussion.Insteadofhavingmealswithfriendsandfamilymembers,manyyoungpeopleinChinaarekeptcompanybyTVshowsorshortvideos.Manybelievethattheirfoodistastierwiththe“digitalpickles”.Canthishabitaffectyourdiet?Accordingtoaresearchpaperpublishedin2019,youmayeatmoreunconsciously.Theinternationalresearchteamasked62volunteerstofollowdifferenteatingpatternsonfourdifferentdays.Thepatternsincludedeatingwhilelookingatthemobilephone,readingmagazinesandwithoutdistraction.Afteranalyzingtheirdiets,theteamdiscoveredthateatingwithadistractionincreasedcaloricingestion(卡路里攝入)byabout15percent.Toexplorethereason,theteamalsoinvitedtwogroupsofpeople:onegroupatewhilelisteningtoanaudioclipaboutanotherpersoneatingandtheotherlistenedtoaclipthathelpedthemimaginethemselveseating.Theresultsshowedthatthesecondgroupatelesssincetheyweremorefocusedontheirmeals.Whenweeatwiththe“digitalpickles”,ourattentioncanbedistracted,whichleadstoeatingmorethanexpected.Thisworksnotonlyforeatingmealsbutotherdemandingtasksaswell.AresearchprojectledbytheUniversityofSussex,UK,pointedoutthatactivitieswhichrequirelotsofattentiontrickmanyparticipantsintoovereating.Theteaminvited120participantstodovarioustaskswhileprovidingthemwithdrinksandsnacks.“Ourstudysuggeststhatifyou’reeatingordrinkingwhileyourattentionisdistractedbyahighlyengagingtask,you’relesslikelytobeabletotellhowfullyoufeel,”oneoftheauthorsMartinYeomansexplained.8.Whatdo“digitalpickles”referto?A.Anewtypeofvegetables. B.Electronicproductspopularonline.C.Videospeoplewatchwhileeating. D.Digitalgamessuitableforfamilies.9.Whatdoweknowabouttheinternationalresearch?A.Theresearchwasconductedin2019.B.62peopleintotalparticipatedintheentireresearch.C.Itshowedthateatingwithadistractiondecreasedcaloricingestionby15percent.D.Thegrouplisteningtoaclipaboutanotherpersoneatingatemorethantheothergroup.10.Whydopeopleeatmorewith“digitalpickles”accordingtothetext?A.Theyaremorefocusedontheirmeals.B.Theyaredistractedby“digitalpickles”.C.Thefoodtastesbetterwith“digitalpickles”.D.The“digitalpickles”makethemfeelhungrier.11.Whydoestheauthormentionadifferentstudyinthelastparagraph?A.Togiveanothercasethatcausesovereating.B.Todescribetheeffectsof“digitalpickles”.C.Toexplainhowtojudgeyouarefull.D.Topresenthowtoavoidbeingdistracted.【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本篇是一篇說明文。介紹了電子榨菜及相關(guān)研究，電子榨菜指的是人們?cè)诔燥垥r(shí)觀看的視頻，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)吃飯時(shí)分心，人們會(huì)吃的更多。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Recently,anewtypeofpickleisbeingdiscussed:“digitalpickledvegetables”.Itreferstothevideospeoplewatchwhileeating.(最近，一種新型泡菜正在被討論:“數(shù)字泡菜”。它指的是人們?cè)诔燥垥r(shí)看的視頻。)”可知，“電子榨菜”指的是人們?cè)诔燥垥r(shí)觀看的視頻。故選C項(xiàng)。【9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Toexplorethereason,theteamalsoinvitedtwogroupsofpeople:onegroupatewhilelisteningtoanaudioclipaboutanotherpersoneatingandtheotherlistenedtoaclipthathelpedthemimaginethemselveseating.Theresultsshowedthatthesecondgroupatelesssincetheyweremorefocusedontheirmeals.(為了探究原因，研究小組還邀請(qǐng)了兩組人:一組人一邊吃東西一邊聽另一個(gè)人吃東西的音頻片段，另一組人則聽一段幫助他們想象自己在吃東西的音頻片段。結(jié)果顯示，第二組人吃得更少，因?yàn)樗麄兏鼘Ｗ⒂诔燥垺?”可知，這項(xiàng)國(guó)際研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，聽別人吃東西的音頻剪輯會(huì)比另外一組的人吃得多。故選D項(xiàng)。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段最后一句“Wheneatingwiththe‘digitalpickles’,ourattentioncanbedistracted,whichleadstoeatingmorethanexpected.(當(dāng)我們吃“數(shù)字泡菜”時(shí)，我們的注意力可能會(huì)分散，從而導(dǎo)致吃得比預(yù)期的多。)”可知，當(dāng)就著“電子榨菜”吃飯時(shí)，我們的注意力會(huì)被分散，從而導(dǎo)致吃得比預(yù)期的多。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀文章最后一段中的“Thisworksnotonlyforeatingmealsbutotherdemandingtasksaswell.AresearchprojectledbytheUniversityofSussex,UK,pointedoutthatactivitieswhichrequirelotsofattentiontrickmanyparticipantsintoovereating.(這不僅適用于吃飯，也適用于其他要求很高的任務(wù)。英國(guó)蘇塞克斯大學(xué)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一項(xiàng)研究項(xiàng)目指出，需要大量注意力的活動(dòng)會(huì)誘使許多參與者暴飲暴食。)”可知，作者借用另一個(gè)研究，列舉一個(gè)導(dǎo)致暴飲暴食的例子，說明其他需要大量注意力的活動(dòng)也會(huì)誘使你吃得更多。故選A項(xiàng)。DUsershaverecentlybeendrawntoTikTok’sAIimagegenerator(生成器)asitcreatesdrawingsbasedonpictures.HowdoesAIcreatedrawings?OneofthemostbasicmodelsthatallowAItogeneratedrawingsistheGANs(對(duì)抗生成網(wǎng)絡(luò)).Theyaredeeplearningsystemsthatcanlearnfromtrainingdataandgeneratenewdatawiththesamecharacteristics.GANsconsistoftwomainparties-thegeneratorandthediscriminator(判別器).Intermsofdrawings,thegeneratortriestomimic(模仿)thestyleofasetofimages,producingnewdata.Thediscriminatorthenmakesdecisionstoseewhetherthenewdataqualifies.Inthisway,AIcangeneratenewdrawings.Somegeneratorscanalsoproduceimagesbasedonasimpledescription-sometimesjustafewwords.LaunchedinApril,DALL.E2wentviralforitstext-to-imagefunction.TheAIsystemgoesthroughtwotrainingprocesses:learningtounderstandthetextandmatchingtheelementsfromdifferentimagestothetext.Aftergettingtoknowwhatthetextisabout,itmatchesalargenumberofrelevantimagepiecestothetext.Tomakethematchmoreprecise,DALL.E2wastrainedon400millionimageswithtext,collecteddirectlyfromtheinternet.Then,TheCLIPmodelallowsAItoencode(編碼)theelementsofbothimagesandtext.Thenextstepiscalleddiffusion(擴(kuò)散)wichdecodes(解碼)thedataintoanimage.Intheend,theAIsystemcangenerateimagesbasedontext,asifcreatingartitself.12.HowdoGANshelpAIgeneratedrawings?A.Bylearningfromasetofpictures. B.Bycombiningvariousphotographs.C.Bydirectlycopyingaparticularpicture. D.Byselectinganimagefromadatabase.13.Whatisthediscriminatorusedtodo?A.Decidewhichimagetomimic. B.Addmoredetailstonewimages.C.Checkthequalityofnewimages. D.Collectimagesfromtheinternet.14.WhatcanwelearnaboutDALL.E2?A.Itcantranslateimagesintotext. B.ItwasdevelopedfiveyearsafterGANs.C.Itwastrainedon400millionimageswithtext. D.Itcreatesimagesbasedonimageswithtext.15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthearticle?A.TointroducethefeaturesofAIdrawings. B.TodiscusswhetherAIcancreatetrueart.C.TocommentonsomeAIimagegenerators. D.ToexplainthetechnologybehindAIdrawing.【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本篇是一篇說明文。文章介紹了AI合成新圖片技術(shù)。AI生成圖片的基本模型是GANs，這是一種深度學(xué)習(xí)的系統(tǒng)，其通過模仿和鑒別數(shù)據(jù)，從而形成新的圖片?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Intermsofdrawings,thegeneratortriestomimic(模仿)thestyleofasetofimages,producingnewdata.Thediscriminatorthenmakesdecisionstoseewhetherthenewdataqualifies.Inthisway,AIcangeneratenewdrawings.(在繪圖方面，生成器試圖模仿一組圖像的風(fēng)格，產(chǎn)生新的數(shù)據(jù)。然后判別器做出決定，看看新數(shù)據(jù)是否符合條件。通過這種方式，人工智能可以生成新的圖紙)”可知，對(duì)抗生成網(wǎng)絡(luò)通過學(xué)習(xí)圖片數(shù)據(jù)以生成新的圖畫。故選A?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thediscriminatorthenmakesdecisionstoseewhetherthenewdataqualifies.(然后判別器做出決定，看看新數(shù)據(jù)是否符合條件)”可知，判別器用來檢查新數(shù)據(jù)的質(zhì)量。故選C?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Tomakethematchmoreprecise,DALL.E2wastrainedon400millionimageswithtext,collecteddirectlyfromtheinternet.(為了使匹配更精確，DALL.E2是在直接從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上收集的4億張帶有文字的圖片上進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練的)”可知，DALL.E2是在4億張有文字的圖片上訓(xùn)練的。故選C。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“UsershaverecentlybeendrawntoTikTok’sAIimagegenerator(生成器)asitcreatesdrawingsbasedonpictures.HowdoesAIcreatedrawings?(用戶最近被TikTok的人工智能圖像生成器所吸引，因?yàn)樗梢愿鶕?jù)圖片創(chuàng)建繪圖。人工智能是如何創(chuàng)建圖畫的？)”及下文可知，文章介紹了AI合成新圖片技術(shù)。AI生成圖片的基本模型是GANs，這是一種深度學(xué)習(xí)的系統(tǒng)，其通過模仿和鑒別數(shù)據(jù)，從而形成新的圖片。由此推知，文章的目的是解釋AI繪畫的技術(shù)原理。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分;滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Weallenjoyplanningoutourlives.Wehadgreatexpectationsanddreamstotouchthesky.____16____Thegameoflifetwistsandturns,changingdirectiontoformnewpathsthataren’tanticipated.So,whathappenswhenthelifeyouhaveisn’tthelifeyouplanned?Youcangoexploring.Yougoexploringwithoutexpectationbecauseyourplanscouldbetheverythingthatkeepsyoufromthelifethat’swaitingforyou.____17____Rather,youshouldgetcuriousabouthowtochangeyourcircumstancesforthebetter.____18____Butifyoucontinuetofocusoneverythingthatwentwronginthepast,youwouldn’tbeabletoseethegoodthatispresent.Eachdayisablankcanvaspresentedasanopportunityforyoutocreateandtodiscovernewthings.Becareful,however,nottogiveintoother’sopinionsofwhatyourlifeshouldlooklike.Thesedayseveryonecanbeanexpertonwhatyoushoulddowithyourlife.____19____So,don’tbeafraidtomakemistakesbutlearnfromthemquickly.____20____Youhadbetterbefreeoftheseemotionstomoveoninalight-heartedway.A.However,lifeisn’tabedofroses.B.Don’tregretforthepastmistakes.C.Unfortunately,realitydoesn’talwaysquitematchup.D.Letgoofblame,self-pity,excuses,bitternessandresentment.E.Therewillstillbetimeswhenyoustrugglewithlettinggoofthepast.F.Butwhenthingsdon’tworkout,they’reunwillingtotakeresponsibility.G.Thisshouldn’tmeanyougiveintofrustrationfornotlivinguptoyourpotential.【答案】16.C17.G18.E19.F20.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。生活總是充滿波折，當(dāng)計(jì)劃趕不上變化時(shí)，不必沉浸于氣餒中，開啟探索模式，迎接生活準(zhǔn)備的挑戰(zhàn)，改變現(xiàn)有困境?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Weallenjoyplanningoutourlives.Wehadgreatexpectationsanddreamstotouchthesky.(我們都喜歡規(guī)劃自己的生活。我們有很大的期望和夢(mèng)想，觸摸天空)”以及后文“Thegameoflifetwistsandturns,changingdirectiontoformnewpathsthataren’tanticipated.(生活的游戲是曲折的，改變方向，形成意想不到的新道路)”可知，前面一句說我們有計(jì)劃，有期待，后一句說生活充滿曲折，會(huì)向料想不到的方向發(fā)展，可知該空含義應(yīng)該有轉(zhuǎn)折：現(xiàn)實(shí)和期待有時(shí)候是不相符的。故C選項(xiàng)“不幸的是，現(xiàn)實(shí)并不總是與現(xiàn)實(shí)相符”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“So,whathappenswhenthelifeyouhaveisn’tthelifeyouplanned?Youcangoexploring.Yougoexploringwithoutexpectationbecauseyourplanscouldbetheverythingthatkeepsyoufromthelifethat’swaitingforyou.(那么，當(dāng)你擁有的生活不是你計(jì)劃的生活時(shí)，會(huì)發(fā)生什么呢？你可以去探險(xiǎn)。你不帶期望地去探索，因?yàn)槟愕挠?jì)劃可能會(huì)讓你遠(yuǎn)離正在等待你的生活)”以及后文“Rather,youshouldgetcuriousabouthowtochangeyourcircumstancesforthebetter.(相反，你應(yīng)該好奇如何讓你的環(huán)境變得更好)”可知，后文與本句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出應(yīng)該好奇如何讓你的環(huán)境變得更好，說明本句是在說明沒有期待地探索并不意味著要沉溺在挫敗感中，而是要想辦法如何改變現(xiàn)狀更好。故G選項(xiàng)“這并不意味著你因?yàn)闆]有發(fā)揮出自己的潛力而感到沮喪”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Butifyoucontinuetofocusoneverythingthatwentwronginthepast,youwouldn’tbeabletoseethegoodthatispresent.(但如果你繼續(xù)關(guān)注過去的錯(cuò)誤，你就無法看到現(xiàn)在的美好)”可知，本句與后文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，后文說明不應(yīng)該繼續(xù)關(guān)注過去，可知本句是在說明放不下過去，故E選項(xiàng)“有時(shí)候，你還是會(huì)掙扎著要放下過去”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Becareful,however,nottogiveintoother’sopinionsofwhatyourlifeshouldlooklike.Thesedayseveryonecanbeanexpertonwhatyoushoulddowithyourlife.(然而，要小心，不要屈服于別人對(duì)你的生活應(yīng)該是什么樣的看法。如今，每個(gè)人都可以成為生活中應(yīng)該做什么的專家)”可知，本句承接上文繼續(xù)說明喜歡當(dāng)專家這類人的特點(diǎn)，且F選項(xiàng)中的they和前一句everyone呼應(yīng)。故F選項(xiàng)“但是當(dāng)事情不順利時(shí)，他們不愿意承擔(dān)責(zé)任”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Youhadbetterbefreeoftheseemotionstomoveoninalight-heartedway.(你最好擺脫這些情緒，以輕松愉快的方式繼續(xù)生活)”可知，后文提到擺脫這些情緒，推測(cè)本句講要釋懷各種負(fù)面情緒。故D選項(xiàng)“放下責(zé)備、自憐、借口、痛苦和怨恨”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)OvertheyearsI’vespentlivinginBeijing,Ican____21____thenumberoftrulyoutdoorexperiencesI’vehadononehand.ButaroadtriptoNanshanSkiingVillageinFebruary2021providedmewithsome____22____memories.AsmyfriendsandIsattogetherintheskiliftchair,IfinallyfeltforthefirsttimethatIhad____23____leftthebusycitylifeofBeijing.Upintheairafewdozenmetersofftheground,I____24____thewideviewofthecountrysideandappreciatedthepeacefulquiet.Astheskiliftreachedits____25____,I____26____slidofffromthechairandalmostdidaface-plantintothesnow.“Somuchforthepeaceandquiet”,I____27____tomyself.____28____,Igatheredmyselftogetherandmademywayas____29____asIcouldtooneoftheseveralstartingpoints.Mybuddieshadalreadystartedmakingtheirwaydownthehill,andIwasabouttojointhembutsuddenlyfear_____30_____measInoticedhoweasyitwasto_____31_____speed.I_____32_____toswerve(突然轉(zhuǎn)向)tothesidetoslowdown,butendeduptumbling(摔倒)downintothesnow.Notwantingtobecome_____33_____,Iawkwardlyreattachedtheski.AlthoughIstillfeltnervous,byacceptingtheriskIwasabletoskimoreconfidentlyandatlastmanagedtomakeitdownthewholeskislope(斜坡).Bytheday’send,Ihadrelearnedwhatit_____34_____totakerisksandgetoutofmycomfortzone.Byacceptingwhatseems_____35_____,youcanfindbothconfidenceandpeacewithin.21.A.cast B.claim C.account D.count22.A.unbelievable B.unforgettable C.incredible D.horrible23.A.truly B.initially C.eventually D.simply24.A.tookin B.tookup C.broughtin D.broughtup25.A.circumstance B.departure C.destination D.peak26.A.awkwardly B.flexibly C.slowly D.eagerly27.A.blamed B.thought C.regretted D.sighed28.A.Nevertheless B.Therefore C.Although D.Furthermore29.A.stably B.gracefully C.gently D.tightly30.A.gained B.gathered C.swelled D.overwhelmed31.A.pickout B.pickup C.takeoff D.takeup32.A.attempted B.proceeded C.adapted D.managed33.A.panicked B.ashamed C.discouraged D.distracted34.A.brought B.meant C.made D.took35.A.impossible B.terrific C.upset D.scary【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.A25.C26.A27.B28.A29.B30.D31.B32.A33.C34.B35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章講述了作者的一次戶外滑雪經(jīng)歷，這次經(jīng)歷讓作者意識(shí)到人要敢于冒險(xiǎn)，并勇于走出舒適區(qū)，重拾內(nèi)心的自信與平靜?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在北京生活的這些年里，我一只手可以數(shù)出我有多少真正的戶外體驗(yàn)。A.cast向……投以(視線、笑容等)；B.claim主張；C.account認(rèn)為是；D.count計(jì)數(shù)。由下文的“thenumberoftrulyoutdoorexperiencesI’vehadononehand”可知，作者真正的戶外經(jīng)歷屈指可數(shù)，countthenumber(計(jì)數(shù))。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但2021年2月，我在南山滑雪村的一次公路旅行給我留下了一些難忘的回憶。A.unbelievable難以置信的；B.unforgettable難忘的；C.incredible難以置信的；D.horrible令人恐懼的。由下文語(yǔ)境可知，作者敢于冒險(xiǎn)的滑雪經(jīng)歷讓自己對(duì)人生有了新的感悟，可知在南山滑雪村的這次旅行給作者留下了難忘的回憶。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我和朋友們一起坐在滑雪纜車上時(shí)，我終于第一次感覺到自己真正離開了北京繁忙的城市生活。A.truly真正地；B.initially開始；C.eventually最終；D.simply僅僅。由下文的“Upintheairafewdozenmetersofftheground,I________thewideviewofthecountrysideandappreciatedthepeacefulquiet.(在離地面幾十米的高空，我________廣闊的鄉(xiāng)村景色，欣賞著寧?kù)o)”可知，作者在欣賞鄉(xiāng)村美麗風(fēng)景，可得出作者第一次真正地遺忘了北京繁忙的城市生活。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：在離地面幾十米的高空，我欣賞著廣闊的鄉(xiāng)村景色，欣賞著寧?kù)o。A.tookin欣賞；B.tookup占據(jù)；C.broughtin引進(jìn)；D.broughtup撫養(yǎng)。與下文的“appreciated”并列，此空講作者欣賞到了廣闊的鄉(xiāng)村景色，領(lǐng)會(huì)到了和平與寧?kù)o。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)滑雪纜車到達(dá)目的地時(shí)，我笨拙地從椅子上滑下來，差點(diǎn)在雪地里做了一個(gè)面部護(hù)理。A.circumstance條件；B.departure離開；C.destination目的地；D.peak高峰。由本處語(yǔ)境可知，此處為滑雪纜車到達(dá)目的地。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)滑雪纜車到達(dá)目的地時(shí)，我笨拙地從椅子上滑下來，差點(diǎn)在雪地里做了一個(gè)面部護(hù)理。A.awkwardly笨拙地；B.flexibly靈活地；C.slowly慢慢地；D.eagerly急切地。由下文的“almostdidaface-plantintothesnow”可知，作者應(yīng)該是笨拙地從椅子上滑下來。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“為了和平與寧?kù)o”，我心里想。A.blamed責(zé)備；B.thought認(rèn)為；C.regretted后悔；D.sighed嘆氣。由上文的“Somuchforthepeaceandquiet”可知，這是作者的內(nèi)心想法，Ithoughttomyself意為我心里想。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，我還是振作起來，盡可能優(yōu)雅地走到了幾個(gè)起點(diǎn)中的一個(gè)。A.Nevertheless盡管如此；B.Therefore因此；C.Although盡管；D.Furthermore此外。由上文的“slidofffromthechairandalmostdidaface-plantintothesnow”可知，作者從椅子上滑下來，差點(diǎn)一頭栽進(jìn)了雪里，與下文的“Igatheredmyselftogetherandmademyway”形成轉(zhuǎn)折，用Nevertheless。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，我還是振作起來，盡可能優(yōu)雅地走到了幾個(gè)起點(diǎn)中的一個(gè)。A.stably穩(wěn)定地；B.gracefully優(yōu)雅地；C.gently輕輕地；D.tightly緊緊地。由上文語(yǔ)境講作者笨拙的動(dòng)作可知，此時(shí)作者盡量使自己的動(dòng)作變得優(yōu)雅，故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的伙伴們已經(jīng)開始下山了，我正要加入他們的行列，但當(dāng)我注意到加快速度是多么容易時(shí)，恐懼突然壓倒了我。A.gained得到；B.gathered聚集；C.swelled膨脹；D.overwhelmed(感情或感覺)充溢。由下文的“I________toswerve(突然轉(zhuǎn)向)tothesidetoslowdown,butendeduptumbling(摔倒)downintothesnow.(我________轉(zhuǎn)向一邊減速，但最終還是摔倒在了雪地里)”可知，作者無法減速（只能加速）最終摔倒，可得出此時(shí)是面對(duì)危險(xiǎn)的恐懼壓倒了作者。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我的伙伴們已經(jīng)開始下山了，我正要加入他們的行列，但當(dāng)我注意到加快速度是多么容易時(shí)，恐懼突然壓倒了我。A.pickout辨認(rèn)出；B.pickup加速；C.takeoff起飛；D.takeup占據(jù)。由上文的“startedmakingtheirwaydownthehill”可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)下山加速是如此容易，pickupspeed(加速)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我試圖轉(zhuǎn)向一邊減速，但最終還是摔倒在了雪地里。A.attempted嘗試；B.proceeded繼續(xù)；C.adapted適應(yīng)；D.managed設(shè)法做。由下文的“butendeduptumbling(摔倒)downintothesnow”可知，作者減速失敗了。故選A項(xiàng)。【33題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我不想氣餒，笨拙地重新接上了滑雪板。A.panicked驚恐的；B.ashamed羞愧的；C.discouraged泄氣的；D.distracted心煩意亂的。由下文的“Iawkwardlyreattachedtheski”可知，作者笨拙地重新接上滑雪板，說明作者并沒有氣餒。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一天結(jié)束時(shí)，我重新認(rèn)識(shí)了承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)并走出舒適區(qū)意味著什么。A.brought帶來；B.meant意味著；C.made制作；D.took拿走。由下文的“Byacceptingwhatseems________,youcanfindbothconfidenceandpeacewithin.(通過接受看似________，你可以在內(nèi)心找到自信和平靜)”可知，作者領(lǐng)悟到了冒險(xiǎn)和走出舒適區(qū)的意義，因此選meant。whatitmeantto…(這意味著什么)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：通過接受看似可怕的事情，你可以在內(nèi)心找到自信和平靜。A.impossible不可能的；B.terrific糟糕的；C.upset不安的；D.scary嚇人的。由上文語(yǔ)境可知，作者最初對(duì)滑雪是感到恐懼的，到后來克服恐懼，接受看似可怕的事情。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。StudyingabroadinAmman,Jordan,wasalifechangingexperienceforme.Everydaywas____36____adventurebecauselifetherewas____37____(dramatic)differentfromthatathome.AsyouknowJordanisintheMiddleEast.Thereweresomechallengesandculturalnorms____38____Ihadtoadaptto,andIneededtolearnhowtobehaveinnew____39____(surround)andcooperatewithpeoplefromdifferentculturalbackgrounds.Fortunately,everyoneImettherewasunderstandingandwelcoming.I____40____(apply)throughInternationalStudiesAbroad(ISA),andtheywereincrediblyhelpfulandmadetheprocessmuch____41____(simple).____42____(study)abroadletmeseethingsfromnewanglesandlearnmoreaboutculturesaroundme.Ihopeeveryonegetstheopportunity____43____(pursue)furtherstudiesabroadandtogainunderstanding____44____differentcultures.Ibelievestudyingabroadcanhelpyou_____45_____(strong)yourabilitiesincross-culturalcommunicationandimproveyourgeneralcompetence.【答案】36.an37.dramatically38.that39.surroundings40.applied41.simpler42.Studying43.topursue44.of45.strengthen【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是作者在約旦安曼留學(xué)的經(jīng)歷以及感悟，認(rèn)為留學(xué)能理解不同國(guó)家的文化，并加強(qiáng)跨文化交流的能力。【36題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：每一天都是一次冒險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)槟抢锏纳詈图依锏纳畲蟛幌嗤?。分析句子可知，adventure為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，前面需有限定詞，結(jié)合句意，此處首次出現(xiàn)，表示泛指，所以應(yīng)為不定冠詞，adventure的第一個(gè)音節(jié)為元音，所以此處應(yīng)為不定冠詞an。故填an?！?7題詳析】考查副詞。句意：每一天都是一次冒險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)槟抢锏纳詈图依锏纳畲蟛幌嗤７治鼍渥涌芍?，此處為副詞作狀語(yǔ)修飾形容詞different，dramatic的副詞為dramatically。故填dramatically?！?8題詳析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：我必須適應(yīng)一些挑戰(zhàn)和文化規(guī)范，我需要學(xué)習(xí)如何在新的環(huán)境中表現(xiàn)，如何與來自不同文化背景的人合作。分析句子可知，此處為連詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)，所以應(yīng)使用關(guān)系代詞，先行詞norms指物，由于前面有some修飾先行詞，所以只能填that。故填that?！?9題詳析】考查名詞。句意：我必須適應(yīng)一些挑戰(zhàn)和文化規(guī)范，我需要學(xué)習(xí)如何在新的環(huán)境中表現(xiàn)，如何與來自不同文化背景的人合作。分析句子可知，此處為名詞作賓語(yǔ)，surround的名詞為surroundings。故填surroundings?！?0題詳析】考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：我是通過海外國(guó)際研究中心(ISA)申請(qǐng)的，他們幫了我很大的忙，讓申請(qǐng)過程簡(jiǎn)單了很多。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)并列句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞were可知，此處應(yīng)為一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，且與句子主語(yǔ)之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填applied?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：我是通過海外國(guó)際研究中心(ISA)申請(qǐng)的，他們幫了我很大的忙，讓申請(qǐng)過程簡(jiǎn)單了很多。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)為形容詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，根據(jù)空前much修飾形容詞副詞比較級(jí)可知，此處應(yīng)使用形容詞比較級(jí)。故填simpler?！?2題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：出國(guó)留學(xué)讓我從新的角度看待事物，更多地了解周圍的文化。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ)，所以此處應(yīng)使用動(dòng)名詞形式，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示主動(dòng)意義，所以使用studying，且位于句首，首字母需大寫。故填Studying。【43題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：我希望每個(gè)人都有機(jī)會(huì)出國(guó)深造，了解不同的文化。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)修飾opportunity，根據(jù)固定用法opportunitytodosth.意為“做某事的機(jī)會(huì)”可知，此處應(yīng)使用不定式形式，且表示主動(dòng)意義。故填topursue?！?4題詳析】考查介詞。句意：我相信出國(guó)留學(xué)可以幫助你加強(qiáng)跨文化交際的能力，提高你的綜合能力。結(jié)合句意可知，此處應(yīng)為gainunderstandingofsth意為“獲得對(duì)……的理解”符合句意。故填of?！?5題詳析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：我相信出國(guó)留學(xué)可以幫助你加強(qiáng)跨文化交際的能力，提高你的綜合能力。分析句子可知，此處為helpsb.dosth.意為“幫助某人做某事”，所以此處應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞原形，strong的動(dòng)詞為strengthen，且表示主動(dòng)意義，strengthenabilities意為“增強(qiáng)能力”。故填strengthen。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)李華，本周三你和同學(xué)參加了“紅十字急救培訓(xùn)進(jìn)校園”活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)給學(xué)校英文報(bào)寫一份稿件，介紹此活動(dòng)。內(nèi)容包括：1.活動(dòng)時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)。2.活動(dòng)內(nèi)容。(