2025高考英語大二輪專題強(qiáng)化練專題四語法填空強(qiáng)化練(二十四)科技創(chuàng)新類考情速遞：近年來，科技與創(chuàng)新一直都是一個(gè)比較火的話題，如航空航天等，所以這方面的語法填空也是一個(gè)熱點(diǎn)。China’sBeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystem(BDS)hasplayeda1.____________(significance)roleinthecountry’sflood－controloperations,saidBDSspokespersonRanChengqi.TheBDSsystemhashelpedthecountryfightagainstfloods,2.____________(assist)inearlywarningandresidenttransfer,Ransaid.3.____________(base)onitsgroundstations,theBDSsystemcanprovidehigh－precisionserviceswithcentimeter－level4.____________(accurate)inreal－timeprocessing.InJuly,2020,inShimenCounty,HunanProvince,theBDSmonitoringsystem5.____________(help)issueearlywarningsandrelocateover60peoplethreatenedbyalandslide,thusensuringthesafetyofpeople’slivesandproperty.AnothergreatfunctionoftheBDSsystemisshortmessagecommunication,whichallowsusers6.____________(send)messageswithoutthesupportofamobilenetwork.TheshortmessagecommunicationcapabilityoftheBDS－3systemhasbeengreatlyimproved.Userscansendamessageof1，000Chinesecharactersatonetime.TheBDSsystemcanalsoaidinternationalsearchandrescuewithitsbidirectionalcommunicationservices.Ships7.____________needofrescuecanreceiveareplyfromthegroundstationaftersendinganemergencysignal,8.____________isamoreadvancedmethodthanthoseusedpreviously.Chinawilltrytoprovidelegalsupportandpolicyguaranteesandcreate9._______________sound,openenvironmentforthedevelopmentoftheBDSsystem.ThecombinationofBDSwithadvancedtechnologies,including5G,mobilecommunicationsandbigdata,willbe10.____________(far)promotedtocreatenewbusinessmodelsandgrowthpoints.【語篇解讀】本文是新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了中國(guó)北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)。1.significant[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：中國(guó)北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)(BDS)發(fā)言人冉承其表示，北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)在中國(guó)的防洪工作中發(fā)揮了重要作用。句中role是名詞，由形容詞修飾，所給詞significance“意義，重要性”是名詞，其形容詞是significant。故填significant。]2.assisting[考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：Ran說，北斗系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)幫助國(guó)家抗擊洪水，幫助早期預(yù)警和居民轉(zhuǎn)移。此處句子主語TheBDSsystem和動(dòng)詞assist之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，是現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。故填assisting。]3.Based[考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：北斗系統(tǒng)基于其地面站，可提供厘米級(jí)實(shí)時(shí)處理精度的高精度服務(wù)。固定短語：bebasedon“以……為基礎(chǔ)”，此處是過去分詞作原因狀語。故填Based。]4.accuracy[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意同上題。句中centimeter－level修飾名詞，所給詞accurate是形容詞，其名詞為accuracy。故填accuracy。]5.helped[考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：2020年7月，在湖南省石門縣，北斗監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)幫助發(fā)布了山體滑坡早期預(yù)警并對(duì)60余名受山體滑坡威脅的人員進(jìn)行了重新安置，保障了人民群眾生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全。根據(jù)InJuly,2020可知句子用一般過去時(shí)。故填helped。]6.tosend[考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：北斗系統(tǒng)的另一個(gè)重要功能是短消息通信，它允許用戶在沒有移動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)支持的情況下發(fā)送消息。固定搭配：allowsbtodosth“允許某人做某事”，其中動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。故填tosend。]7.in[考查介詞。句意：需要救援的船舶可以在發(fā)送緊急信號(hào)后收到地面站的答復(fù)，這是一種比以往使用的方法更先進(jìn)的方法。固定短語：inneedof“需要”。故填in。]8.which[考查定語從句。句意同上題。此處是非限制性定語從句，emergencysignal是先行詞，指物，在從句中作主語，由關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故填which。]9.a[考查冠詞。句意：中國(guó)將為北斗系統(tǒng)發(fā)展提供法律支持和政策保障，營(yíng)造良好、開放的環(huán)境。此處泛指一個(gè)環(huán)境，所以用不定冠詞，且sound是發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭的詞，用a表示“一”。故填a。]10.further[考查比較等級(jí)。句意：北斗系統(tǒng)將與5G、移動(dòng)通信、大數(shù)據(jù)等先進(jìn)技術(shù)進(jìn)一步結(jié)合，創(chuàng)造新的商業(yè)模式和增長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)。此處表示“更進(jìn)一步”提升，用副詞far的比較級(jí)修飾過去分詞promoted。故填further。](2023·重慶高三調(diào)研)FourastronautsreturnedtoEarthinaSpaceXcapsuleonFriday,1.____________(end)theirnearlysix－monthspacestationmissionwithasplashdownintheAtlantic.WetandwindyweatheracrossFloridadelayedtheirhomecoming.SpaceXandNASA2.____________(final)gavetheall－clearonFriday,andthethreeAmericansandoneItalian3.____________(depart)theInternationalSpaceStation,theirresidencesinceApril.Thecapsuleparachuted(傘降)4.____________theocean,justoffJacksonville,Florida,aboutfivehoursafteritleftthespacestation.ItcarriedNASAastronautsKjellLindgren,BobHinesandJessicaWatkins,thefirstBlackwoman5.____________(complete)along－termspaceflight,andtheEuropeanSpaceAgency’sSamanthaCristoforetti.SpaceXdeliveredtheirreplacementslastweek.Beforecheckingout,theastronautssaidtheycouldn’twaittohave6.____________colddrinkwithice，eatsomepizzaandicecream,takeashower，7.____________ofcourse,bereunitedwiththeirfamilies.NASAplannedtosendthemtoHoustononcetheywereoffSpaceX’s8.____________(recover)shipandbackonsolidground.“Gettingthefirstfew9.____________(hug)whenwegetbackisreallygoingtobeawesome，”Hinestoldreportersearlierintheweek.Remainingaboardthespacestation10.____________(be)threeAmericans,threeRussiansandoneJapanese.【語篇解讀】本文是新聞報(bào)道。四名宇航員乘坐SpaceX太空艙成功返回地球，結(jié)束了他們近六個(gè)月的空間站任務(wù)，并在大西洋濺落。1.ending[考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在句中作非謂語；句子的主語Fourastronauts和end之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故填ending。]2.finally[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。該空在句中作狀語，修飾動(dòng)詞，故應(yīng)填副詞finally。]3.departed[考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)上文可知，該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故填departed。]4.into[考查介詞。此處指太空艙在離開空間站大約五個(gè)小時(shí)后，在佛羅里達(dá)州的Jacksonville附近傘降墜入海洋，故填into。]5.tocomplete[考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處指JessicaWatkins是第一位完成長(zhǎng)期太空飛行的黑人女性。此處表示某人是第幾位做某事的人時(shí)，常用動(dòng)詞不定式作定語，故填tocomplete。]6.a[考查冠詞。此處指宇航員們說他們迫不及待地想喝一杯加冰的冷飲，表泛指意義，cold的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，故填a。]7.and[考查并列連詞?？蘸蠛涂涨盀椴⒘嘘P(guān)系，故填and。]8.recovery[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。該空在句中作定語修飾ship，故應(yīng)填recover的名詞形式recovery，表示宇航器回收艦。名詞作定語修飾名詞，可以表示中心詞的用途。]9.hugs[考查名詞的數(shù)。根據(jù)空前的“thefirstfew”可知，該空應(yīng)填其復(fù)數(shù)形式hugs，表示“當(dāng)我們回來的時(shí)候，得到幾個(gè)擁抱真的會(huì)很棒”。]10.are[考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。該句陳述的是現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)；分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為倒裝句，句子的主語為“threeAmericans，threeRussiansandoneJapanese”，故應(yīng)填are。]China’sspaceprojectsetssailfortheseaofstarsTheMengtianlabmodule(艙)successfully1.____________(join)theTianhecoremoduleandtheWentianlabmoduleatChina’sspacestationTiangongontheearlymorningofTuesday.Mengtianisthe2.____________(two)labmoduleofthespacestationandthefirstoneisWentianthatwasconnectedwithTianhe3.____________(previous).Withthetwolabmodulesnowdocked(對(duì)接)withthecoremodule,theT－shapedstructureofthespacestation4.____________(take)shapeuptonow.Thespacestationhasentereditsfinalconstructionstageas5.____________(plan).Thissmoothprogressshouldbeowedtoscientistsandengineersandallthose6.____________devotionandhardworkhasmadethespacestation7.__________reality.Chinahasneverabandoneditsambitionofacquiringadvancedspacecapabilitiesandbecomingapioneerintheexplorationofspace,soas8.____________(help)expandourknowledgeoftheuniverse.China’sprideinitsspaceachievementsisalsoanexpressionofthanks9.____________allpeoplewhohavemadecontributions.Theinsistenceonthespacemissionsbeingwell－prepared,well－organizedandwell－implemented(有效執(zhí)行)hasbeenthe10.____________(found)onwhichChina’saerospaceindustryhascontinuallyreachednewheights.【語篇解讀】本文是新聞報(bào)道?！皦?mèng)天”入列，助力中國(guó)載人航天逐夢(mèng)星辰大海。1.joined[考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“ontheearlymorningofTuesday”可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，故填joined。]2.second[考查數(shù)詞。根據(jù)語境和空后的“thefirstone”可知，空處表示“第二個(gè)”，故填序數(shù)詞second。]3.previously[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處修飾謂語動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)用副詞，故填previously。]4.hastaken[考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致?，F(xiàn)在兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)艙和核心艙對(duì)接完畢，到目前為止，該空間站的“T”字構(gòu)型已經(jīng)成形。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“uptonow”可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，又主語為第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故填hastaken。]5.planned[考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是狀語從句的省略，plan與被省略的主語是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞。]6.whose[考查定語從句。進(jìn)展順利應(yīng)該歸功于科學(xué)家、工程師和所有那些為把空間站變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)而奉獻(xiàn)和努力的人。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，且在從句中作定語，故填whose。]7.a[考查冠詞。reality“事實(shí)，現(xiàn)實(shí)事件”為可數(shù)名詞，且其前無限定詞修飾，應(yīng)用不定冠詞表泛指，reality的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，故填a。]8.tohelp[考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語境和空前的“soas”可知，空處表目的，應(yīng)用不定式，故填tohelp。soastodosth“為了做某事”。]9.to[考查介詞。thankstosbforsth“因某事感謝某人”是固定用法?？蘸笫潜硎救说腶llpeople，故填to。]10.foundation[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空前的“the”和空后的“onwhich”可知，空處應(yīng)用名詞，故填foundation“根據(jù)，基礎(chǔ)”。]強(qiáng)化練(二十五)熱點(diǎn)話題類考情速遞：新高考命題常涉及社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)，同樣，它也是高考語法填空的一個(gè)重要命題方向，因此要引起考生的格外關(guān)注。(2023·成都石室中學(xué)高三?？?Withjustover600days1.____________(go)untiltheopeningofthenextOlympicandParalympicGames,theofficialmascotsofParis2024—thePhryges—2.____________(reveal)onNovember14th2022.Thetwomascotsshareamottoof“Alonewego3.____________(fast),buttogetherwegofurther”，andtheOlympicPhrygeisdescribedas“atactician(謀士)withacalculating,mathematicalbrain”，whiletheParalympicPhrygeis“spontaneousandfullofenergyand4.____________(enthusiastic)”.Themascots,5.____________(base)onPhrygiancaps,areasymbolofrevolutionandfreedom.It’saniconseenovercenturies,6.____________theNotreDameCathedraltotheEiffelTower.“TheyaremascotswhoembodytheFrenchspirit.Theyareidealsthatcarrythevaluesofourcountry,apartofourhistory7.____________asingularpointofviewontheworld，”saidJulieMatikhine,thebrandmanageroftheParis2024Games.BoththeOlympicPhrygeandParalympicPhrygeareonamissiontostartarevolutioninsport,showingtheworldthatsportcanchangeeverythingand8.____________itdeserves9.____________prominentplaceinoursociety.Theywillworkeverydaytopromotechangethroughsport,includinginourlives,health,andrelationshipswithothersandwithnature.Theyarealreadytraining10.____________(tireless)tobringthegreatestnumberofpeoplepossiblealongwiththemontheGamesjourney.【語篇解讀】本文是新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了巴黎2024年奧運(yùn)會(huì)和殘奧會(huì)于2022年11月14日公布了“弗里熱(ThePhryges)”作為官方吉祥物。1.togo[考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。設(shè)空處為非謂語動(dòng)詞，和with構(gòu)成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)后文“2024”可知本空表示將來。故填togo。]2.wererevealed[考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)后文“onNovember14th2022”可知，用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)；表示“被揭示”用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；主語mascots為復(fù)數(shù)，故填wererevealed。]3.faster[考查比較等級(jí)。根據(jù)后文“further”和句意可知用比較級(jí)。故填faster。]4.enthusiasm[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處用enthusiastic的名詞形式與energy并列作isfullof的賓語。故填enthusiasm。]5.based[考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。設(shè)空處為非謂語動(dòng)詞，短語bebasedon意為“以……為根據(jù)”，因此此處用過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)“basedon”作定語。故填based。]6.from[考查介詞。固定搭配“from...to...”，意為“從……到……”，符合句意。故填from。]7.and[考查并列連詞。分析可知，thevaluesofourcountry,apartofourhistory和asingularpointofview為并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞and連接。故填and。]8.that[考查名詞性從句。分析可知設(shè)空連接賓語從句，和前面的that從句為并列的賓語從句，第二個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞that不能省略。故填that。]9.a[考查冠詞。此處泛指“一個(gè)重要的位置，”且prominent發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，故用不定冠詞a。故填a。]10.tirelessly[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處用副詞tirelessly修飾謂語動(dòng)詞aretraining，表示“不知疲倦地”。故填tirelessly。](2023·福州第一中學(xué)高三一調(diào))Organicfarming(OF)isafarmingsystem1.______________usesenvironmentallyfriendlymethodsofweed,pest,anddiseasecontrol.TheprinciplesandpracticesofOF2.____________(express)inthestandardsofInternationalFederationofOrganicAgricultureMovements(IFOAM)astheprincipleofhealth,ecology,fairness,andcare.Theorganicmovementbeganafter1920,as3.____________reactionbyindividualagriculturalscientistsandfarmersagainstindustrializedagriculture.Threeimportantmovementshavebeenreceivedwithinfirsthalfofthetwentiethcentury：biodynamic,organic,4.____________biologicalagriculture.In1998,IFOAM5.____________(adopt)basicstandardsforOFandprocessing.Organicproduction6.____________(method)arethosewhereatleast95%oftheingredientsof7.____________(agriculture)originareorganic.Organiccontentlessthan70%inproductsmaynotrefer8.____________organicproductionmethods.Allcountrieshaveestablishedspeciallogosfororganicproduction9.____________(indicate)thatproductsarecoveredbytheinspectionscheme.CertifiedOFisnowpracticedinapproximately120countriesoftheworld.Accordingtothelastsurvey,morethan31millionhaiscurrentlymanagedorganicallybyatleast623，174farmsworldwide.Enhancedsoilfertilityandhigherfloralandfaunal(動(dòng)物群的)10.____________(diverse)werefoundinOFexperiments.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)，有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)是一種利用環(huán)保的方法來控制雜草、害蟲和疾病的農(nóng)業(yè)系統(tǒng)。1.that/which[考查定語從句。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句且在句中作指物的主語，先行詞為system，故應(yīng)用which或者that。故填that/which。]2.areexpressed/havebeenexpressed[考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)的原則和實(shí)踐在國(guó)際有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)聯(lián)合會(huì)(IFOAM)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中表現(xiàn)為健康、生態(tài)、公平和關(guān)愛的原則。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語和句子的主語Theprinciplesandpractices之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系；句子的主語為復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語動(dòng)詞也為相應(yīng)的復(fù)數(shù)形式；強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀事實(shí)可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)(aredone)；強(qiáng)調(diào)過去所做的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)即現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)(havebeendone)。故填areexpressed/havebeenexpressed。]3.a[考查冠詞。句意：有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)始于1920年以后，是個(gè)體農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)家和農(nóng)民反對(duì)工業(yè)化農(nóng)業(yè)的一種反應(yīng)。設(shè)空處后為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，此處表泛指，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，reaction的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭。故填a。]4.and[考查并列連詞。句意：在二十世紀(jì)上半葉有三種重要的運(yùn)動(dòng)：生物動(dòng)力農(nóng)業(yè)、有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)和生物農(nóng)業(yè)。設(shè)空處后形容詞biological和前面的形容詞biodynamic,organic為并列關(guān)系，故填and。]5.adopted[考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：1998年，IFOAM采用了有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)和加工的基本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語，和句子的主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語In1998，可知時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)。故填adopted。]6.methods[考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：有機(jī)生產(chǎn)方法是指至少95%的農(nóng)業(yè)原料是有機(jī)的。設(shè)空處在句中作主語，根據(jù)謂語動(dòng)詞are，可知設(shè)空處應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填methods。]7.agricultural[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意同上題。設(shè)空處后為名詞，形容詞修飾名詞，故設(shè)空處應(yīng)為形容詞形式。故填agricultural。]8.to[考查介詞。句意：產(chǎn)品中有機(jī)含量低于70%的，并不是有機(jī)生產(chǎn)方法。固定短語referto(參考，涉及，指的是)，結(jié)合句意，故填to。]9.toindicate[考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：所有國(guó)家都為有機(jī)產(chǎn)品建立了專門的標(biāo)識(shí)，以表明產(chǎn)品是受檢測(cè)計(jì)劃覆蓋的。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語，結(jié)合句意，此處表示目的，應(yīng)用todo的形式。故填toindicate。]10.diversity[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中發(fā)現(xiàn)了提高土壤肥力和花卉和動(dòng)物物種多樣性的方法。由設(shè)空處后were可知，設(shè)空處在句中作主語，應(yīng)用名詞形式，設(shè)空處和and前的名詞fertility(肥沃)并列，此處表示抽象概念，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填diversity。](2023·濟(jì)南名校聯(lián)考)SuMingjuan,theformerpostergirlforChina’smost1.____________(influence)educationcharity,hasrecentlycomebackinthenationalspotlight2.____________adelegate(代表)tothe20thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChina.In1991,aphotographofthethen8－year－oldSu，withapairoflarge,crystal－cleareyes3.____________(cry)forknowledge,touchednumerouspeople.SuwasborntoapoorfarmingfamilyinAnhuiProvince.TheimageofSu4.____________(take)byaphotographerwhowentintotheremotemountainousareastoseehowProjectHopehadhelpedrural5.____________(dropout).ProjectHope,launchedbytheChinaYouthDevelopmentFoundationin1989,iscommittedtosendingpoorchildrentoschools,and6.____________(make)adifferenceinthelivesof6millionstuden