金華十校2024年4月高三模擬考試預(yù)演英語(yǔ)試卷本試卷分為第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）,共150分,考試時(shí)間120分鐘。請(qǐng)考生按規(guī)定用筆將所有試題的答案涂寫(xiě)在答題紙上。第I卷（選擇題,共95分）第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分,滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà),每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題,每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthegirllikeinthehistoryarea?A.Thefriendlypeople. B.Thequietenvironment. C.Thecomfortablechairs.【答案】C【解析】Text1M:WhenI’minthelibrary,Ilikesittingatthelongtablesinthereferencesection.It’squietthere.W:Iprefertoreadinthechairsinthehistoryarea.Theymakemerelaxed.(1)M:Butthere’realwaystoomanypeopletalkingthere.2.Onwhichdaydopeoplegoouttothankhealthworkers?A.Tuesday. B.Wednesday. C.Thursday.【答案】C【解析】Text2M:EveryThursday,at8:00p.m.,peoplegooutintothestreetandclap.(2)Theydoittosaythankyoutohealthworkers.W:Yes,IreadaboutthatonTuesday.Shallwejoinintomorrow?3.Howisthemanpreparingtousethetools?A.Bylearningatwork. B.Bywatchingonlinevideos. C.Byreadingtheinstructions.【答案】B【解析】Text3W:Doyouknowhowtousethosepowertools?Idon’twantyoutogethurt.Pleasereadtheinstructions.M:Ihavebeenwatchingvideosonthiswebsite.(3)Don’tforget,Iusedtoworkwithaprofessional.Heshowedmeallthesetools.4.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman?A.Heisn’thard-working. B.Heisn’tstrong. C.Heisn’tpolite.【答案】C【解析】Text4M:Howmuchdoyouweigh?Itcan’tbealot.Youlookprettylight,butyou’realsoverystrong.I’veseenyouliftalotofweight.W:It’srudetoaskaladyhowmuchsheweighs!(4)Ithinkyouneedsomelessonsinmanners.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.ATVshow. B.Asportsstar. C.Amusiclesson.【答案】A【解析】Text5W:IfyouwereonthisTVshow,whattopicwouldyouanswerquestionson?Ithinkyou’dbegreatatJamesBond.M:No,Ihaven’tseentherecentonespastthe1990s.I’dbeuselessatmusictoo.Probablysport.(5)第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分,滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料,回答6、7題。6.Whatsubjectdidthemanearnhisdegreein?A.German. B.Philosophy. C.Psychology.7.WhydoesthemanwishhehadlearnedSpanish?A.HelikesSpanishculture. B.Hethinksitwouldbemoreuseful.C.HewantstoworkinSouthAmerica.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】Text6W:WhatdidyoustudywhenyoulivedinLondon?M:Ihaveadegreeinpsychology.(6)ButwhenyoustudyintheUnitedKingdom,youneedtostudythreesubjectstobeginwith.W:Whatwereyourothertwo?M:PhilosophyandGerman.It’sgoodformyfuturecareerifIcanspeakalanguage,butIwishI’dlearnedSpanishinstead.(7)W:Whyisthat?(7)M:IlikeGermanculture,andI’vebeenthereafewtimes,butalotmorepeopleintheworldspeakSpanish.(7)W:ItwouldbeusefulifyoueverworkedinSouthAmerica.聽(tīng)第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8.Whatwillthewomandofirst?A.Washherhands. B.Answerthephone. C.Writeupanorder.9.Whatdoesthemanneednow?A.Someoil. B.Somevegetables. C.Someeggs.10.Wherewillthewomanlookfortheitem?A.Ontheshelf. B.Nearthestairs. C.Inthebox.【答案】8.A9.A10.B【解析】Text7M:Canyouanswerthephoneifsomeonecalls?Ineedtowriteupthisorder.Itisgoingtotakemeafewminutes.W:Sure,butletmegotowashmyhandsfirst.(8)Iwasjustcuttingupsomehotpeppers.M:OK.(8)Sinceyouaregoingdownstairs,canyoubringmeupsomevegetableoilfromtheshelf?(9)IforgottogetitbeforewhenIbroughtuptheeggsandflourfromthecupboard.W:Sure.Butsincewemovedeverythingarounddownthere,Idon’tknowwhereitis.Woulditbeontheshelfstill?M:No.Imovedmostthingsfromtheshelfupintothekitchen.Nowthatwehavetheextraspace,Ithoughtit’dbeeasier.Theoilshouldbenexttotheboxesonthefloor.Theyarerightbythestairs.(10)聽(tīng)第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.Whatsportisthewomangoodat?A.Bowling. B.Football. C.Badminton.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Co-workers. B.Cousins. C.Teammates.13.Whatwillthemandonext?A.CallDave. B.SendanemailtoHenry. C.Getatickettoanexhibition.【答案】11.C12.A13.B【解析】Text8M:HeyBarbara,mybowlingteamisaplayershortforatournament.Doyouwanttojoinus?W:I’mnotreallygoodatbowling.Ifitwasbadminton,I’dbetherightperson.(11)M:Well,weneedsomeone.Otherwise,wewillloseourplace.W:I’lltellyouwhat,I’lldoitifyoucannotfindanyonebetterthanme.M:Well,thetournamentistomorrownightat7:00p.m.Notsureifwewillfindanyoneelsebythen.W:Letmeaskaround.MycousinDaveusedtoplaybowling,butIdon’tknowwhenhelastplayed.M:Well,ifheisavailable,thespotishis.W:Ohno,I’vejustrememberedthatwe’regoingtoanewmuseumexhibitiontomorrow.M:Nottoworry,we’llfindsomeoneelse.W:WhataboutHenry?He’sourboss,(12)(13)buthe’squitesporty.Heplaysfootball.M:Greatidea.I’lldrophimanemail.(13)W:SorryIcouldn’tdoit.Butifitwasme,you’dprobablylose.聽(tīng)第9段材料,回答第14至17題。14.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inamuseum. B.Inalibrary. C.Inastudio.15.Whoistheman’sbiggesthero?A.Kristal. B.Ansel. C.Ronald.16.Whatdidthemandointhesummer?A.HewenttoAnsel’shouse.B.Hewentfishingwithhisfriends.C.Hewenthikinginamountainalone.17.Whatdoesthemando?A.He’sadesigner. B.He’saphotographer. C.He’sateacher.【答案】14.A15.A16.C17.A【解析】Text9W:Ronald,itislovelythatyouagreedtocomeanddothisforme.M:Don’tworryaboutitonebit.You’lldogreat.Thislittleinterviewisnothing,comparedtosettingupthisbeautifulmuseum.(14)W:Thankyou.Whowouldyousayisyourbiggesthero?(15)M:Well,youalreadyknowtheanswertothat,Kristal.(15)MyadviserwasAnselAdams,thegreatnaturephotographer.W:AndwheredidyoumeetAnsel?M:Well,it’sanoddstoryactually.Iwaswithmyfriendsinthesummerandtheywantedtogofishingthatday.ItoldthemIwouldratherwalkthroughthewoods,soIhikedamountaintorelaxalone,(16)andranintoAnselatthetop.W:Letmeguess.Hewastakingpicturesoftherocks?M:Almost.Hewastakingpicturesofaspecialcloud.Immediately,hebegantellingmeeverythingapersoncouldknowaboutclouds.Hewasawealthofinformation.TheamountofknowledgethatAnselhadwasimportanttome.However,itwasthepurejoyandloveforteachingandappreciatingphotographythatgotme.W:Andnowyouownyourownstudio,youdesignclothingandwillsoonhaveapermanentsectionhereatthemodernmuseumofartandtechnology.(17)聽(tīng)第10段材料,回答第18至20題。18.Whichcourseisthemostpopularaccordingtothespeaker?A.TheStudySkillscourse. B.TheApplicationHelpcourse. C.TheAdvancedTestingcourse.19.Howmuchwillitcosttotakeallthreecourses?A.$150. B.$200. C.$250.20.Whatwillpeopledotosignupforthedeal?A.GototheChicagooffice. B.Filloutaformonline. C.Callanadvisor.【答案】18.C19.B20.B【解析】Text10Forthismonthonly,theLearningCenterishavingasaleonourthreeuniversitypreparationcourses.OurApplicationHelpcoursewilltakedaysandevenweekstofinishtheprocessalone.Theseniorstudents’StudySkillscoursefocusesontimemanagementandlearninghowtoorganizenotes.Lastly,ourAdvancedTestingcoursewillcoverthetopicsyoumustknowforuniversityentranceexams.Thiscourseisfilledupmorequicklythantheothers,(18)soyoumustactnowtogetin.Ourdealcutsthepriceofeachcourseinhalf.Insteadof$150foreachtwo-weekcourse,you’llpay$75percourse.However,ourbestdealistobuyallthreecoursesnow.Thisspecialpricewillsaveyou$250offthenormalpriceofallthreecourses.Actnowandyoucanhaveallthreecoursesforonly$200.(19)OurdealisonlyavailabletothosewhosignuponthewebsitebeforetheendofApril.Justfillouttheformandwewillputyournamedowntosavethespot.(20)Ifyouoryourparentswishtoknowmore,youcangivemeoranotheradvisoracallatourChicagooffice.聽(tīng)力 1-5CCBCA 6-10CBAAB 11-15CABAA 16-20CACBB第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AABCmouseABCmouseisoneofthemostwell-knownlearntoreadappsforchildren.Withitsexpert-madecurriculum,theprogramoffersendlesshoursofcontentforchildrenaged2to8.Theinteractiveappoffersthousandsofactivitiestohelpdevelopthisessentialskill,withlessonsthatexposestudentstomath,arts,andscienceatage-appropriatelevelstoo.Thecostafterfreetrialisaround$15permonth.Familieswhopurchaseafullyear’ssubscriptioncangetabout70%offtheprice.HomerHomerprovidesapersonalizedlearningpathforchildrenaged2to8.Childrenwilllearnreading,math,creativethinking,andproblem-solvingskillsinafunandengagingway.Insteadofaone-size-fits-mostapproach,Homercustomizeslearningplansandallowsstudentstotaketheleadindecidingwhattheywanttoworkon.Thepricepointisinlinewithsimilarappsatabout$5permonthafterafreetrial,orroughly$60forafullyearor$100forlifetimeaccess.HookedonPhonicsHookedonPhonicsisanexceptionaltoolforhomeschoolers,withawiderangeoflessons,games,andfunactivities.Itisoneofthemostpopularbrandsforteachingkidstoread,anditsintegratedsystemmakesitanidealoptionforhomeschoolingstudents.Childrenareintroducedtoeachnewconceptthroughaseriesoffunactivities,videos,andevensongs.Thesystemisalittlebitpricierthanotherapps,atabout$16permonthafteratrialmonthforroughly$1.FarFariaFarFariainviteschildrentojoininonamagicaladventurethatincludesislandhoppingandthechoicebetweenreadingthestoryorhavingitnarratedcompletelywithfun,magicalanimation.Whilethefreemembershipoffersonestoryaday,paidsubscribersunlockaccesstounlimitedadventuresatroughly$8permonth.Readerscaneitherreadthebooksthemselvesortakeadvantageofthe“readtome”optiontohavestoriesreadaloudbyprofessionalnarrators.21.ForanannualsubscriptiontoABCmouse,howmuchdoesafamilyneedtopay?A.$54. B.$105. C.$126. D.$180.22.Whichappbestsuitschildrenwhoaretaughtathome?A.ABCmouse. B.Homer. C.HookedonPhonics. D.FarFaria.23.Whichsectionofnewspaperisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Finance. B.Science. C.Culture. D.Education.【答案】21.A22.C23.D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)軟件：ABCmouse(開(kāi)心鼠英語(yǔ))，Homer(Homer學(xué)習(xí)軟件)，HookedonPhonics(美國(guó)自然拼讀)以及FarFaria(FarFaria學(xué)習(xí)軟件)，并對(duì)其各自特色和收費(fèi)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)說(shuō)明。21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“ABCmouse”部分內(nèi)容“Thecostafterfreetrialisaround$15permonth.Familieswhopurchaseafullyear’ssubscriptioncangetabout70%offtheprice.(免費(fèi)試用后的費(fèi)用約為每月15美元。購(gòu)買(mǎi)一整年訂閱的家庭可以幫你節(jié)省原價(jià)的70%。)”可知，費(fèi)用為每月15美元，一年應(yīng)是“15×12=180”，同時(shí)全年訂閱可以幫你節(jié)省原價(jià)的70%，即，按價(jià)格的3折計(jì)算，180×(1-70%)=54。故選A項(xiàng)。22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“HookedonPhonics”部分內(nèi)容“Itisoneofthemostpopularbrandsforteachingkidstoread,anditsintegratedsystemmakesitanidealoptionforhomeschoolingstudents.(它是教孩子閱讀的最受歡迎的品牌之一，它的集成系統(tǒng)使它成為在家上學(xué)的學(xué)生的理想選擇。)”可知，HookedonPhonics平臺(tái)是在家上學(xué)的學(xué)生的理想選擇。故選C項(xiàng)。23.推理判斷題。通過(guò)閱讀文章可知，“ABCmouse(開(kāi)心鼠英語(yǔ))”，“Homer(Homer學(xué)習(xí)軟件)”，“HookedonPhonics(美國(guó)自然拼讀)”以及“FarFaria(FarFaria學(xué)習(xí)軟件)”四個(gè)部分分別介紹了該平臺(tái)的教育信息和收費(fèi)方式，由此可推知，該篇文章來(lái)自于報(bào)紙上的教育專(zhuān)欄。故選D項(xiàng)。BWhenParamJaggiwasfiveyearsold,hehadapassiontotakethingsaparttoseewhatwasinside.Hestartedwithtoysandevenbrokeacomputer,whichmadehisparentsnottoopleased.Ashegotolder,heshiftedfrombreakingthingstobuildingthings,whichgreatlycomfortedhisparents.Inmiddleschool.hestartedworkingonprojectsinhiskitchenlaboratory,andhisfirstprojectwasmakingbiofuels.AlthoughJaggi’sparentsinitiallythoughthisexperimentswerejust.aboyhoodfancy,heremaineddeterminedtomakeadifferencetotheenvironment.Eventually,hisparentscamearoundandstartedsupportinghisdreams.Jaggi’sinterestcontinuedashegrewup,buthefocusedmoreonsolvingrealproblems,especiallythoserelatedtotheenvironment.At17,Jaggiwentbeyondhisschoolprojectsand.co-foundedEcoviate,acompanythatusestechnologytosolveeverydayenergyandenvironmentalproblems.Heplannedtotransformpeople’sideathatgoinggreenisexpensive,bymakingavailableaseriesofaffordableproductsthatareeasytouse.ThroughEcoviate,hedesignedproductsthatcouldcontributetoagreenerfuture.Oneofhisnotableinventionswasthe“CO2ube”,adevicethatcouldbeattachedtovehicletailpipestoreducecarbonemissions,andit’savailabletomanypeopleatlowprices.Healsocreatedasmartwatchthatchangedbodyheatintoenergy,whichcanbeusedtopowerupthewatchaswellasmobilephones.YoungJaggi,nowathird-gradecollegestudentstudyingengineeringandeconomics,hasbecomeafamouseco-innovatorandhiscompanyisdevelopingpromisingly.However,Jaggi’svisiontosavetheenvironmentgoesbeyondcreatingproducts.HeplanstolaunchanonlineplatformthroughEcoviate,whichwillencourageyoungstudentsinterestedinscienceandtechnologytogetactivelyinvolvedininnovationandinvention.Studentscansubmitascienceprojectonline,andtalkaboutthehelpthattheyneedtomaketheprojectareality.24.WhatcanwelearnaboutJaggi?A.Hewascuriousbynature. B.Hedreamedtobeanengineer.C.Healwaysannoyedhisparents. D.Hewasaddictedtoplayingtoys.25.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedpart“camearound”inParagraph2?A.Wonout. B.Changedtheirminds. C.Walkedaround. D.Paidavisit.26.WhatdroveJaggitodevelopaffordableanduser-friendlyproducts?A.Hisloveforgreenerdevices. B.Hispursuitofacademiccareer.C.Hisdesiretomakeadifference. D.Hishopetoboostgreenindustry.27.WhydoesJaggieplantolaunchanonlineplatform?A.Topromotesmartproducts. B.Toempoweryounginventors.C.Toprovideeco-themedcourses. D.Toofferenvironmentalistsfunds.【答案】24.A25.B26.C27.B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是記敘文。它講述了ParamJaggi從小對(duì)拆解事物的熱愛(ài)，到后來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閯?chuàng)造事物，特別是關(guān)注環(huán)境問(wèn)題的解決。24.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenParamJaggiwasfiveyearsold,hehadapassiontotakethingsaparttoseewhatwasinside.Hestartedwithtoysandevenbrokeacomputer,whichmadehisparentsnottoopleased.(當(dāng)帕拉姆·賈吉五歲的時(shí)候，他就熱衷于拆卸東西看看里面是什么。他從玩具開(kāi)始，甚至弄壞了一臺(tái)電腦，這讓他的父母很不高興)”可知，帕拉姆·賈吉從小熱衷于拆卸東西看看里面是什么，所以推知他生性好奇。故選A項(xiàng)。25.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前文“AlthoughJaggi’sparentsinitiallythoughthisexperimentswerejust.aboyhoodfancy,heremaineddeterminedtomakeadifferencetotheenvironment.(盡管賈吉的父母最初認(rèn)為他的實(shí)驗(yàn)只是男孩子的一時(shí)興起，但他仍然堅(jiān)定地想要為環(huán)境做出改變)”以及后文“startedsupportinghisdreams(開(kāi)始支持他的夢(mèng)想)”可知，起初，賈吉的父母認(rèn)為他的實(shí)驗(yàn)只是男孩子的一時(shí)興起，后面開(kāi)始支持他，所以是父母的改變了主意，推知camearound意為“改變主意”，和B項(xiàng)意思相近。故選B項(xiàng)。26.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Jaggi’sinterestcontinuedashegrewup,buthefocusedmoreonsolvingrealproblems,especiallythoserelatedtotheenvironment.(賈吉的興趣隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而持續(xù)，但他更加專(zhuān)注于解決現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題，尤其是與環(huán)境相關(guān)的問(wèn)題)”以及第三段“At17,Jaggiwentbeyondhisschoolprojectsand.co-foundedEcoviate,acompanythatusestechnologytosolveeverydayenergyandenvironmentalproblems.Heplannedtotransformpeople’sideathatgoinggreenisexpensive,bymakingavailableaseriesofaffordableproductsthatareeasytouse.ThroughEcoviate,hedesignedproductsthatcouldcontributetoagreenerfuture.(17歲時(shí)，賈吉超越了學(xué)校項(xiàng)目的范疇，與他人共同創(chuàng)立了Ecoviate公司，該公司利用技術(shù)解決日常的能源和環(huán)境問(wèn)題。他計(jì)劃通過(guò)提供一系列易用且價(jià)格實(shí)惠的產(chǎn)品來(lái)改變?nèi)藗冋J(rèn)為環(huán)保成本高昂的觀(guān)念。通過(guò)Ecoviate，他設(shè)計(jì)了一些有助于創(chuàng)造更綠色未來(lái)的產(chǎn)品)”可知，賈吉決心為環(huán)境做出改變，他認(rèn)為綠色是昂貴的觀(guān)念需要改變，因此他計(jì)劃推出一系列價(jià)格實(shí)惠、易于使用的產(chǎn)品。這表明他開(kāi)發(fā)這些產(chǎn)品的驅(qū)動(dòng)力是他想要為環(huán)境和社會(huì)做出改變，即他的渴望有所不同。故選C項(xiàng)。27.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“YoungJaggi,nowathird-gradecollegestudentstudyingengineeringandeconomics,hasbecomeafamouseco-innovatorandhiscompanyisdevelopingpromisingly.However,Jaggi’svisiontosavetheenvironmentgoesbeyondcreatingproducts.HeplanstolaunchanonlineplatformthroughEcoviate,whichwillencourageyoungstudentsinterestedinscienceandtechnologytogetactivelyinvolvedininnovationandinvention.Studentscansubmitascienceprojectonline,andtalkaboutthehelpthattheyneedtomaketheprojectareality.(年輕的賈吉現(xiàn)在是一名學(xué)習(xí)工程和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的三年級(jí)大學(xué)生，他已經(jīng)成為了一位著名的生態(tài)創(chuàng)新者，他的公司發(fā)展前景看好。然而，賈吉拯救環(huán)境的愿景不僅僅局限于創(chuàng)造產(chǎn)品。他計(jì)劃通過(guò)Ecoviate推出一個(gè)在線(xiàn)平臺(tái)，鼓勵(lì)對(duì)科學(xué)和技術(shù)感興趣的年輕學(xué)生積極參與創(chuàng)新和發(fā)明。學(xué)生可以在線(xiàn)提交科學(xué)項(xiàng)目，并談?wù)撍麄冃枰獛椭拍苁鬼?xiàng)目成為現(xiàn)實(shí)的相關(guān)事宜)”可知，賈吉計(jì)劃通過(guò)Ecoviate推出一個(gè)在線(xiàn)平臺(tái)，鼓勵(lì)對(duì)科學(xué)和技術(shù)感興趣的年輕學(xué)生積極參與創(chuàng)新和發(fā)明。因此，賈吉計(jì)劃推出在線(xiàn)平臺(tái)的目的是為了賦能年輕的發(fā)明家，讓他們有更多的機(jī)會(huì)去創(chuàng)新和發(fā)明。故選B項(xiàng)。CPeoplehavecometounderstandtheenormousimpacts-beneficialaswellasharmful-plasticshaveonhumanlivesandtheenvironment.Aspolymer(聚合物)scientistscommittedtoinventingsustainablesolutionsforreal-worldproblems,wesetouttotackletheissueofplasticwastebyrethinkingthewaypolymersaredesignedsowecouldmakeplasticswithrecyclabilitybuiltrightin.Everydayitemsincludingmilkjug,grocerybags,andtakeoutcontainersaremadefromaclassofpolymerscalledpolyolefins.Theseplasticsarereallydurable(耐用的)becausethechemicalbondsinthosepolymersareextremelystable.Inaworldsetupfordisposable(一次性的)items,durabilityisnolongeradesignfeaturebutratheradesigndrawback.Imagineifhalftheplasticsusedtodaywererecyclablethroughtwiceasmanyprocessesastheyarenow.Alsoconventionalrecyclingrequirescarefulsortingofallthecollectedmaterials,whichcanbechallengingwithsomanydifferentplastics.Forexample,separatingpaperfrommetaldoesn’trequirecomplextechnology,butsortingacontainerfromamilkjugofadifferentpolyolefinisdifficulttodowithouttheoccasionalmistake.InastudypublishedinScienceinOctober2023,wedescribedaseriesofpolymerswithonlytwobuildingblocks-onesoftpolymerandonehardpolymer-thatbehavelikepolyolefinsbutcouldbechemicallyrecycled.Connectingtwodifferentpolymersmultipletimesuntiltheyformasingle,longmolecule(分子)createswhat’scalledamultiblockpolymer.Bychanginghowmuchofeachpolymertypegoesintothemultiblockpolymer,ourteamproducedawiderangeofmaterialswithpropertiesthatcoveredallpolyolefintypes.Usingthesamestrategybutbyaddinghydrogen,wecoulddisconnectthepolymersbackintotheirbuildingblocksandeasilyseparatethemtouseagain.Whenwemadenewpolymersoutoftheserecycledplastics,theyperformedjustaswellastheoriginalmaterialsevenafterseveralroundsofchemicalrecycling.Sowewereabletocreatematerialswithsimilarpropertiesoftheplasticstheworldrelieson.Webelievethisworkisasteptowardmoresustainableplastics.28.Whatisparagraph2mainlyaboutconcerningplastics?A.Theirmultipleuses. B.Theirchemicalproperties.C.Theirrecyclingchallenges. D.Theirclassificationcriteria.29.Akeyfactorofproducingdiversemultiblockpolymersis______.A.mixingbuildingblockswithlongmolecules B.integratingchemicalsintothetwopolymersC.combiningtwodifferentmultiblockpolymers D.adjustingthepercentageofthetwopolymers30.Whichisafeatureofmultiblockpolymers?A.Theyaremadefromsustainablematerials. B.Theycanberecycledbyaddinghydrogen.C.Theirreliabilityoutperformstraditionalplastics. D.Theirpropertieschangewithroundsofrecycling.31.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitle?A.DesigningforRecycling B.ClassifyingPlasticWasteC.ReplacePlasticswithPolymers D.TechnologyCreatestheFuture【答案】28.C29.D30.B31.A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了聚合物科學(xué)家如何致力于解決塑料廢物問(wèn)題，通過(guò)重新設(shè)計(jì)聚合物的結(jié)構(gòu)以實(shí)現(xiàn)其可回收性。28.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Inaworldsetupfordisposable(一次性的)items,durabilityisnolongeradesignfeaturebutratheradesigndrawback.Imagineifhalftheplasticsusedtodaywererecyclablethroughtwiceasmanyprocessesastheyarenow.Alsoconventionalrecyclingrequirescarefulsortingofallthecollectedmaterials,whichcanbechallengingwithsomanydifferentplastics.Forexample,separatingpaperfrommetaldoesn’trequirecomplextechnology,butsortingacontainerfromamilkjugofadifferentpolyolefinisdifficulttodowithouttheoccasionalmistake.(在一次性物品的世界中，耐用性不再是一個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)特征，而是一個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)缺陷。想象一下，如果今天使用的一半塑料可以通過(guò)兩倍于現(xiàn)在的過(guò)程進(jìn)行回收。此外，傳統(tǒng)的回收需要對(duì)所有收集到的材料進(jìn)行仔細(xì)的分類(lèi)，這對(duì)于這么多不同的塑料來(lái)說(shuō)是具有挑戰(zhàn)性的。例如，將紙和金屬分開(kāi)并不需要復(fù)雜的技術(shù)，但將一個(gè)容器和一個(gè)牛奶罐中不同的聚烯烴進(jìn)行分類(lèi)卻很難做到?jīng)]有偶爾的錯(cuò)誤。)”可知，文章第二段主要講述的是關(guān)于塑料回收的挑戰(zhàn)。故選C。29.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“InastudypublishedinScienceinOctober2023,wedescribedaseriesofpolymerswithonlytwobuildingblocks-onesoftpolymerandonehardpolymer-thatbehavelikepolyolefinsbutcouldbechemicallyrecycled.Connectingtwodifferentpolymersmultipletimesuntiltheyformasingle,longmolecule(分子)createswhat’scalledamultiblockpolymer.Bychanginghowmuchofeachpolymertypegoesintothemultiblockpolymer,ourteamproducedawiderangeofmaterialswithpropertiesthatcoveredallpolyolefintypes.(在2023年10月發(fā)表在《科學(xué)》雜志上的一項(xiàng)研究中，我們描述了一系列聚合物，它們只有兩種基本成分——一種軟聚合物和一種硬聚合物——它們的行為像聚烯烴，但可以化學(xué)回收。將兩種不同的聚合物多次連接，直到它們形成一個(gè)單一的長(zhǎng)分子，就形成了所謂的多嵌段聚合物。通過(guò)改變多嵌段聚合物中每種聚合物的含量，我們的團(tuán)隊(duì)生產(chǎn)出了各種各樣的材料，其性能涵蓋了所有類(lèi)型的聚烯烴。)”可知，生產(chǎn)多種多嵌段聚合物的關(guān)鍵因素是調(diào)整兩種聚合物的含量。故選D。30.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Usingthesamestrategybutbyaddinghydrogen,wecoulddisconnectthepolymersbackintotheirbuildingblocksandeasilyseparatethemtouseagain.Whenwemadenewpolymersoutoftheserecycledplastics,theyperformedjustaswellastheoriginalmaterialsevenafterseveralroundsofchemicalrecycling.(使用相同的策略，但通過(guò)添加氫，我們可以將聚合物分離回它們的組成部分，并輕松地將它們分離出來(lái)再次使用。當(dāng)我們用這些回收塑料制成新的聚合物時(shí)，即使經(jīng)過(guò)幾輪化學(xué)回收，它們的性能也和原始材料一樣好。)”可知，多嵌段聚合物可以通過(guò)添加氫的方式被分離出來(lái)再次使用。故選B。31.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Peoplehavecometounderstandtheenormousimpacts-beneficialaswellasharmful-plasticshaveonhumanlivesandtheenvironment.Aspolymer(聚合物)scientistscommittedtoinventingsustainablesolutionsforreal-worldproblems,wesetouttotackletheissueofplasticwastebyrethinkingthewaypolymersaredesignedsowecouldmakeplasticswithrecyclabilitybuiltrightin.(人們已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了解塑料對(duì)人類(lèi)生活和環(huán)境的巨大影響，既有有益的，也有有害的。聚合物科學(xué)家致力于為現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的問(wèn)題發(fā)明可持續(xù)的解決方案，我們開(kāi)始通過(guò)重新思考聚合物的設(shè)計(jì)方式來(lái)解決塑料垃圾問(wèn)題，這樣我們就可以制造出具有可回收性的塑料。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了聚合物科學(xué)家如何通過(guò)重新設(shè)計(jì)聚合物的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)解決塑料廢物問(wèn)題，以實(shí)現(xiàn)其可回收性。文章強(qiáng)調(diào)了設(shè)計(jì)的重要性，并介紹了如何通過(guò)特殊的化學(xué)方法制造和回收一種新型的多嵌段聚合物。因此，最能概括文章主題的標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是強(qiáng)調(diào)“設(shè)計(jì)”和“回收”這兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞的。故選A。DAlotofmanufacturedglasstodaymadefromsandandsodiumcarbonate(碳酸鈉)canbereusedormelteddownandrecycledintonewitems,butitdoesn’tbreakdownintheenvironmentandwillsitinlandfillsforthousandsofyears.AteamofChinesescientistsaimedtodealwiththisenvironmentalconcernbydevelopinganeco-consciousalternative.InastudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalScienceAdvances,ateamattheChineseAcademyofSciences’InstituteofProcessEngineeringdescribehowtheyengineeredbiodegradableglassmadefromaminoacids(氨基酸).Thatglasswouldhaveasmallerimpactontheenvironmentandcanbreakdowninafewweeksorinseveralmonths.Inatest,glassbeads(珠)madeoutofaminoacidswereplacedundertheskinofmice,andthebreakdownofthebeadsandtheskinhealingprocesswereobservedfor30days.Adiagramfromthestudyshowshowthemice’sbodiesbrokedownthebeads.Inthatmonth,theglassimplantdegradedbeneaththeskin,thewoundsitehealed,andfurgrewback.“Throughouttheexperimentalperiod,nomiceexhibitedanypain-relatedbehaviorthatmayhavebeencausedbytheglassimplantation,andnoneofthemexperiencedobviousweightloss,”theresearcherswroteintheirpaper.Althoughaminoacidsdodegradeovertimeintheenvironment,thisbiodegradableglassisnotasdurableastraditionalglass,becauseaminoacidscanbreakdownquicklyinheat.Inordertoovercomethishurdle,theresearcherschemicallymodifiedtheaminoacidsusingtheheating-coolingprocedureappliedinglassmanufacturing.Thisiswhenmaterialsfortheglassareheatedtobecomesoftandthenrapidlycooledsoastomaketheglasstougher.“It’simportanttopointoutthatthisbiodegradableglassiscurrentlyinthelabstage,andfarfromlarge-scalecommercialization,”emphasizedYanXuehai,aprofessorinvolvedinthestudy,inapressrelease.32.Whatisanadvantageofthenewglass?A.Itcanberecycledatalowcost. B.Itisproducedwithoutpollution.C.Ittakeslesstimetobreakdown. D.Ithasawiderangeofapplications.33.Whydidresearchersimplantglassbeadsinsidemice?A.Toassesswhethertheglassisbiologicallyharmless.B.Toinvestigatewhyaminoacidsaremedicallyuseful.C.Toexplorehowlongittakesfortheglasstodegrade.D.Toobserveiftheglasscanbemeltdowninmice’sstomach.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hurdle”inparagraph4referto?A.Theinstabilityofaminoacids.B.Thedifficultyofselectingmaterialsfortheglass.C.Environmentalproblemscausedbytraditionalglass.D.Thechallengeofimprovingtheheating-coolingprocedure.35.WhatistheattitudeofYanXuehaitowardsthenewglass’slaunchonthemarket?A.Optimistic. B.Critical. C.Indifferent. D.Uncertain.【答案】32.C33.A34.A35.D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了中國(guó)科學(xué)院的專(zhuān)家團(tuán)隊(duì)利用氨基酸研制出一種可降解的環(huán)保玻璃。32.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Alotofmanufacturedglasstodaymadefromsandandsodiumcarbonate(碳酸鈉)canbereusedormelteddownandrecycledintonewitems,butitdoesn’tbreakdownintheenvironmentandwillsitinlandfillsforthousandsofyears.(今天，許多由沙子和碳酸鈉制成的人造玻璃可以重復(fù)使用或熔化并回收成新的物品，但它不會(huì)在環(huán)境中分解，并將在垃圾填埋場(chǎng)中存放數(shù)千年)”和第二段中“Thatglasswouldhaveasmallerimpactontheenvironmentandcanbreakdowninafewweeksorinseveralmonths.(這種（新）玻璃對(duì)環(huán)境的影響較小，可以在幾周或幾個(gè)月內(nèi)分解)”可知，新型玻璃的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是它需要更少的時(shí)間來(lái)分解。故選C項(xiàng)。33.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Throughouttheexperimentalperiod,nomiceexhibitedanypain-relatedbehaviorthatmayhavebeencausedbytheglassimplantation,andnoneofthemexperiencedobviousweightloss(在整個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)期間，沒(méi)有小鼠表現(xiàn)出任何可能由玻璃植入引起的疼痛相關(guān)行為，也沒(méi)有小鼠出現(xiàn)明顯的體重減輕)”可知，研究人員要在老鼠體內(nèi)植入玻璃珠是為了評(píng)估玻璃在生物學(xué)上是否無(wú)害。故選A項(xiàng)。34.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段中“Althoughaminoacidsdodegradeovertimeintheenvironment,thisbiodegradableglassisnotasdurableastraditionalglass,becauseaminoacidscanbreakdownquicklyinheat.Inordertoovercomethishurdle,theresearcherschemicallymodifiedtheaminoacidsusingtheheating-coolingprocedureappliedinglassmanufacturing.(盡管氨基酸在環(huán)境中會(huì)隨著時(shí)間的推移而降解，但這種可生物降解的玻璃不如傳統(tǒng)玻璃耐用，因?yàn)榘被嵩诟邷叵聲?huì)迅速分解。為了克服這一hurdle，研究人員使用玻璃制造中應(yīng)用的加熱-冷卻程序?qū)Π被徇M(jìn)行了化學(xué)改性)”可知，這種氨基酸玻璃確實(shí)可以隨著時(shí)間的推移而降解，但是它卻不如傳統(tǒng)的玻璃那樣經(jīng)久耐用，因?yàn)榘被嵩诩訜嵯聲?huì)迅速分解。由此可推知，下文中的“hurdle”指的是氨基酸的不穩(wěn)定性，是研究者要克服的障礙。故選A項(xiàng)。35.推理判斷題。由最后一段中YanXuehai說(shuō)的話(huà)“It’simportanttopointoutthatthisbiodegradableglassiscurrentlyinthelabstage,andfarfromlarge-scalecommercialization(需要指出的是，這種可生物降解的玻璃目前正處于實(shí)驗(yàn)室階段，遠(yuǎn)未大規(guī)模商業(yè)化)”可知，這