浙江省杭州市S9聯(lián)盟2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中英語試卷姓名：__________班級：__________考號：__________題號一二四五總分評分一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）閱讀理解Parismaybebest-knownasthecityoflove,butit'salsothecityofbooklovers!Herearethreeliterarylandmarksyoushouldaddtoyourtravelbucketlist.ShakespeareandCompany37RuedelaB?cherieThisParisbookshopwasopenedin1919byAmericanSylviaBeach,ontheencouragementofherFrenchpartner,AdrienneMonnier.Whenitopened,itprimarilysoldEnglish-languagebooks,anditattractedvariousiconicEnglish-speakingclients,includingGertrudeSteinandErnestHemingway.TheshopwasclosedduringtheSecondWorldWar.Afterthewar,aUSex-servicemanGeorgeWhitmanopenedabookshopcalledLeMistral,whichhestockedwithmanybooksboughtfromBeach.Hewasabigadmirerofhers,andhecontinuedherpracticeofhospitality（好客）byallowingwriterstosleepintheshopovernightinreturnforhelparoundtheshopintheday.AfterBeach'sdeath,WhitmanrenamedhisshopShakespeareandCompany,andtodayitisownedbyhisdaughterSylvia.AbbeyBookshop29RuedelaParcheminerieOneofParis'smostfamousEnglish-languagebookstores,theAbbeyBookshopwasestablishedin1989byCanadianBrianSpence.It'salabyrinth（迷宮）ofbooksthatspilloutontothepavementoutside.Spenceclaimstohaveover40,000books,mostofthemsecond-hand.Heoftensharesacupofcoffeeandastorywithhiscustomers.LeProcope13Ruedel'AncienneComédieLeProcopewasopenedin1686bySicilianchefFrancescoProcopiodeiColtelli.Locatedacrosstheroadfromatheatre,itbecameahotspotforactors,playwrightsandpoets.Voltairewassaidtodrink40cupsofcoffeeadaywhileheworkedatatableatthecafe.1．Whatdothefirsttwobookstoreshaveincommon?A．Botharefamousforhospitality.B．Bothofferaccommodationforwriters.C．BothmainlysellEnglish-languagebooks.D．Bothareverypopularwithfamousactors.2．Whichbookstorehasthelongesthistory?A．AbbeyBookshop. B．LeProcope.C．ShakespeareandCompany. D．LaB?cherie.3．Whoisthetextintendedfor?A．Booklovers. B．Famouswriters.C．Iconicplaywrights. D．USex-servicemen.閱讀理解IamaboywholikesreadingandIreadallkindsofbooks.WhenIdothis,Ihaveendedupwithtwospeeds—fastandslowdependingonhowworthwhileIfindthebook.Iliketoanalyzeandponderoverthewordsandcontentsofthebooks,whichcansharpenmymind.WhenIreadthebookIntrinsicMotivation（《內(nèi)在動機》）,Iaskmyself,"Whatkindofbookisit?"Well,firstofall,IhavetosayDanPinkwriteswell,whichisprobablynotsurprisingasheisaspeechwriterforanAmericanleader.Thetextisneitheracademicallydifficultnorverycasual.Itstatesinformationclearlywithouteffort.Thesubjectmatterofthebookismotivation,anditstartswithadiscussionofhowexternalmotivationislesseffectiveformodernknowledgework,wherewideintelligentdecision-makingandinnovationareimportant.Thebookshowsthatthetrickynatureofhowwearetrulymotivatedisfilledwithplentyofexamplesanddescriptionsofresearch.Forexample,itisshownhowpaymentcansignalthatataskisundesirableandsoreduceintrinsicmotivation.Theheartofthebookistheanalysisofintrinsicmotivation,inparticularthroughthethreekeyelementsofautonomy,masteryandpurpose.Therestofthebookthentakesanappliedposition,showinghowtheseprinciplescanbeappliedintheworkplace.Thebookendsupwithacomprehensivesummary,coveringthecontentsfromseveraldifferentanglesandprovidinganeasyfuturereference.ThisisthesortofbookIlikemost.Unsurprisingly,perhaps,Itookquitealongtimetoreadandre-readthisexcellentbook.Itcoversthesubjectofmotivationstronglyandwell,andisnowoneofmydefinitivereferencesinaratherlargelibrary.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"ponderover"inparagraph1mean?A．Cutdown. B．Referto. C．Thinkabout. D．Gothrough.5．Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A．Thefeaturesofworthwhilebooks.B．Themeaningofexternalmotivation.C．Theauthor'sadviceforreadingbooks.D．Theauthor'sunderstandingofthebook.6．Howdoesthebookmainlyexplainthenatureofintrinsicmotivation?A．Bygivingexamples. B．Bymakingassumptions.C．Bymakingcomparisons. D．Bylistingfigures.7．Whatisthetext?A．Asciencereport. B．Anacademicpaper.C．Atraveljournal. D．Abookreview.閱讀理解Nowadaysnearlyeveryonehassufferedfromabadattackofforgetfulnesswhenapasswordisneeded.Thecompanycomputer.Thehomecomputer.BankingandATMmachines.Websites.Carandhomesecuritysystems.Thelistgoeson.Itdoesnottakelongtoaccumulateadozenormorepasswords.Writingthemdownonpaperorsimplyusingthesamepasswordforanythingandeverythingishowmostpeopledealwiththeoverload.Thenegativeaspectofthisisthatbothwaysmakeiteasierforhackers（黑客）toattackcomputerprivacy.Researchersarenowtryingtodosomethingaboutthisbymovingforwardwhatmaybeananswertothepasswordpuzzle:pictures.Manycompaniesarelookingintovariouswaysthatimagescanbeusedtoreplacethestandard,easily-forgottenlettersandnumbers.Picturesaremucheasiertoremember.Researchersarealsoworkingonpicturepasswordsthatwillmakeitmoredifficultfortheaveragehacker.Take,forinstance,thescreensavailablethroughaNewYorkcompany,Passlogix.Onepictureshowsastandardbarscene.Thepasswordiscreatedbymakingupadrinkfromthevariousitemspictured.Theorderinwhichtheitemsareselectedbecomesthepassword.ResearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,whohavestudiedthehabitofcomputeruserssaylazinessplaysamajorroleinmostpeople'schoiceofpasswords.However,forgettingpasswordsisacommonproblemofthecomputerera.It'smoreofaproblemthanhacking,infact,particularlyforbigcompaniesthatmustseekhelpfortheircomputer-usingemployees—oftenroundtheclock.Howmuchdoesitcostacompanyeachtimeanemployeeforgetsapassword?Nooneknows,butpeoplewhoarepushingthepicturepasswordsbelievetheywillsavecompaniesalotofmoneybecauserecallingimagesissomucheasier.8．Whattroublespeoplenowadaysaccordingtothetext?A．Choosingtheirpasswordsissodifficult.B．Therearetoomanypasswordstoremember.C．Hackerscaneasilyinvadecomputerprivacy.D．Mostpeoplehavetooverworkinthecomputerera.9．Whatmightleadtopeoplechoosingpicturesaspasswords?A．Theirimagination. B．Theirworkload.C．Theirlaziness. D．Theirintelligence.10．Whyforgettingpasswordsbecomesabigproblem?A．Itwillcostanarmandaleg. B．Itwilloftenleadstohacking.C．Itmayaffectemployees'work. D．Itmayexposeprivateinformation.11．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Passwords,aProductoftheComputerEra.B．Pictures,aSolutiontothePasswordPuzzle.C．Hackers,theInvaderofComputerPrivacy.D．Forgetfulness,aBigHeadacheofPeople.閱讀理解USauthorHenryRollinsoncewrote:"Lonelinessaddsbeautytolife."Indeed,intheeyesofartists,lonelinessneverseemstogooutofstyle.Therearepaintingsthatshowloneliness,songsthatareinspiredbyloneliness,andmanyworksofliteraturethatcenteraroundthistheme.IntheeyesofUKeconomistRachelReeves,however,lonelinessisfarfromromantic.Instead,it's"agiantevil"thatbecomesaseriousprobleminthecountry.Sojusthowseriousisit?OnJan17,UKPrimeMinisterTheresaMayappointedpoliticianTraceyCrouchasthecountry'sveryfirst"MinisterforLoneliness".Herjobistotackle（處理）thelonelinessthatthecountry'sbeenfeeling—aproblemwhich,accordingtoUKgovernmentresearch,isaffectingmorethan9millionpeopleinthecountry,andismoreharmfultoone'sphysicalandmentalhealththansmoking15cigarettesaday.Andtheproblemhasn'tjustappearedrecently.Backin2014,theUKwasgiventhetitleofthe"lonelinesscapitalofEurope"byTheTelegraph.Butthisdoesn'tmeanthattheproblemonlyaffectstheBritish.Infact,we'reallsufferingfromlonelinessnowmorethanever,inspiteofmostoftheworldnowhavingaccesstotheinternet,whichhasenabledustobemoreconnectedthanever.Whatweneed,accordingtoKimLeadbetter,sisterofthelateUKpoliticianJoCox,istohave"properhumanconnections"."Ourlivesnowadaysaresobusy.Wespendthevastmajorityofourtimeonourphones,onourlaptops.Weneedtopresspauseonthatandactuallysitdownandspeaktohumanbeings,"Leadbettersaidataneventlastyear.Butthefirststepstowardfightingthisproblemaretoacceptitsexistenceandnotbeashamedorafraidofit.Afterall,withoutloneliness,manybeautifulpaintings,songs,andliteraryworkswouldn'tevenexist.And"evil"ornot,beinglonelyissimplypartoftheexperienceofbeingahuman.12．WhyRachelReevesismentionedinparagraph1?A．Toraiseaquestion. B．Tointroducethetopic.C．Togiveanexplanation. D．Toarousethereaders'interest.13．Whatcanknowaboutlonelinessaccordingtothetext?A．Ithasbecomeaproblemworldwide.B．Itdoesmoreharmmentallythanphysically.C．ItismainlycausedbythewideuseoftheInternet.D．Itdidn'tattractthepublic'sattentionuntilrecently.14．WhatisLeadbetter'sadvicetodealwithloneliness?A．Tocallourfriendsregularly.B．Tofacetheproblembravely.C．Tostopusingelectronicproducts.D．Tomeetpeoplefacetofacemoreoften.15．Whichofthefollowingwouldtheauthorprobablyagreewith?A．Lonelinessisagiantevilofsociety.B．Artistsowetheirsuccesstoloneliness.C．Itishardtofindasolutiontoloneliness.D．Lonelinessisjustanormalpartofourlife.二、任務(wù)型閱讀（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）任務(wù)型閱讀Witheverythinggoingonintheworldthesedays,it'snowondersomanyofusarestrugglingtosleep.Almost40percentofpeoplesurveyedin13countrieshavereportedsleepissuesoverthepasttwoyears,accordingtoresearchintheJournalofClinicalSleepMedicine.Thefollowingtipsmayhelpyou.TestyourpillowIfyouboughtyourpillowin2020,guesswhat?16．TheNationalSleepFoundationrecommendsreplacingthemeveryonetotwoyears.Apillowpastitsprimecancauseneckandshoulderpain—andrestlesssleep.Tobuytherightpillow,determineyoursleepstyle.Ifyousleeponyourback,lookforathinnerpillow.17．GetanhourofsunlighteachdayMorningsunlightisimportantforgoodsleep.Togetmorerays,aimfor15to30minutesofdirectlightinthemorning.18．Thelightcuesyourbrainthatit'stimetobeawakeandpreventsyoufromproducingmelatoninbeforebedtime.Whenyou'reinside,opentheshades.SkipsaltysnacksbeforebedWanttoreducethoseannoyingnighttimetripstothebathroom?19．Whenpeoplecutdownonsalt,theiraveragebathroomtripsdecreasedfromtwiceanighttoonce.Andthosewhoconsumedmoresaltwokeupmorefrequentlytogotothebathroom.Tackleyourtroublesbeforedinner20．Toughdiscussionsarelesslikelytodisturbyoursleepifyouinitiatethemearlierratherthanlater.Ifyoustartanargumentafterdinner,yourquarrelingcancontinueuntilbedtime.Someresearchevensuggeststhatgoingtobedangrymaymakeyouunhappythenextmorning.A.It'salreadyold.B.Cutbackonpeanutsandcrisps.C.Pickapillowbasedonyoursleepingposition.D.Ifyousleeponyourside,athickerpillowisbetter.E.Next,taketwo15-minuteoutdoorbreaksduringtheday.F.Ifyouneedtohandlesometroubles,don'twaituntilnighttime.G.Avoidheavyorlargemealswithinacoupleofhoursofbedtime.三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）完形填空AwomancalledCourtneyhasrecentlycaughttheattentionoftheInternet.Shesharedthe21．ofhowshebecamehomeless.Courtneyexplainedhowdisasterstruckwhenshe22．herjobintheexactsameweekthatherhusbanddidtoo.ThecoupleatfirstmovedinCourtney'ssister'sbut,23．,thelivingsituationdidn'tworkout.Thepairendeduplivingonthe24．.Theysleptinparkswhilecompletingthenecessaryprocessforshelteraccommodation.Afterfinallygetting25．,thecouplefacedfurtherchallenges.Itwasdifficulttofindworkthat26．theshelter'srequirements.Sinceherfirstvideo,Courtneyhasgatheredafollowingofalmost70,000peopleontheInternetwhereshe27．thenecessitiesofbeingahomelessperson.HervideoswererecentlyspottedbyChelsey,a28．womanwhohasgivenalovelygift.Chelseyrealizedshecouldbeofmore29．.Chelseysaid,"Istartedfollowingherstoryandthoughtit30．tohelp.Iknewpeopletendtosendmoneyorsupplies,butIwantedtosendheranopportunity.Cashis31．,butIknewifIsentheralaptop,shecouldfindvirtualjobopportunitiesontheInternetwhilesearchingfora32．job."JustafewweeksaftersendingCourtneythelaptop,Chelseyrealizedshewasinneedofsomeassistancewithherproject.She33．topayCourtneytoworkforher.CourtneyisnowhelpingChelseywriteblogpostsaboutthestoriesaboutherproject.Chelseycontinued,"Weshouldbe34．inanunkindworld,andgivepeopleopportunities,justbecausethatyou're35．doesn'tmeanyou'renothuman."21．A．story B．success C．feelings D．thoughts22．A．got B．lost C．quit D．did23．A．gradually B．surprisingly C．unfortunately D．immediately24．A．streets B．trains C．bridges D．roofs25．A．punished B．a(chǎn)pproved C．injured D．bored26．A．made B．a(chǎn)sked C．raised D．met27．A．shares B．writes C．remembers D．collects28．A．middle-aged B．well-behaved C．good-looking D．warm-hearted29．A．a(chǎn)wareness B．confidence C．value D．a(chǎn)ssistance30．A．simple B．peaceful C．necessary D．difficult31．A．common B．great C．rare D．dirty32．A．full-time B．labour-saving C．life-long D．past-time33．A．hesitated B．pretended C．decided D．hoped34．A．content B．happy C．kind D．calm35．A．quiet B．homeless C．old D．different四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）語法填空LocatedintheNanwanPeninsula,14kmfromLingshuiTown,HainanProvince,NanwanMonkeyIslandistheonlytropicalislandnaturereserve36．macaques（獼猴）inChinaandtheworld,sopeoplecallit"MonkeyIsland".NanwanMonkeyIslandisbeautifuland37．（charm）.Therearecleanandentrancingbeaches,sotypicalofHainan,withcolorfulcoralreefs.MonkeyIslandis38．（surround）bytheseaonthreesidesandhasavastexpanseofbluewaves.The39．（rock）ontheislandarelikeananchorthrownintothevastSouthChinaSea,40．hasamildclimateandabundantrainfall,andcoconut,pineapple,andotherfruittreesareeverywhere.41．plantshereareevergreenandflowersandfruitscan42．（find）allyearround,43．（provide）atypicaltropicalscenery.Itisnotonlyforthe44．（grow）andreproductionofmacaques,45．canprovideaplentifulsupplyoffoodforthemonkeys.五、書面表達(dá)（本大題共2小題,共40.0分）46．假設(shè)你是李華校學(xué)生會將舉辦以"Let'sGoOutdoors"為主題的英語演講比賽。請你寫一則通知，內(nèi)容包括：

（1）演講主題；

（2）時間、地點；

（3）報名注意事項。

注意：

（1）寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Notice……TheStudentUnion47．書面表達(dá)OnlyeightdaysuntilThanksgivingandtherewasn'tgoingtobeenoughmoneytobuythenecessarythingsfortheholiday.Ipromisedmythreesonsthatwe'dloveanicefamilydinnerinournewhome,unlikelastyearwhenwecanceledThanksgivingtodealwiththelossoftheirfather.ItwashardtoputeverydayfoodonthetableforthreegrowingboyswiththelittlemoneyIearnedfromwork,butIpromisedagoodmeal.Welookedforwardtoadayofgoodeating!Buttherewasonlyenoughbreadinthehouse,twochickenbreastsandafewotherthings.Thenextday,Imetmyfriendandneighbor,Aleta,atherhome.Herfourboysandmykidsweregoodfriends.Herhusbandhadrecentlylosthisjobduetoillness,andtheysufferedfinancialdifficultiesaswell.WestoodtheretalkingaboutourcomingThanksgivingdinner,andagreedtomakeaThanksgivingfeasttogether.Thenchildrenofthetwofamiliesheadedoutandfoundafewneighborswhohelpedthemearnenoughtopurchasemostoftheitemstheysetoutfor,excepttheturkey.FourdaysbeforeThanksgiving,Imanagedtobuyaturkeyandfinishedbakingthecookies.Myfriendcalledwithnewsaboutafamilylivinginourcommunitywhoneededhelpwithfoodandbills.Thefatherhadbeeninanaccidentandunabletoworkforthelastfewmonths.Wedidn'tknowthefamilywell.butmyfriendandIwenttovisitthemwithourholidaycookies,hopingtohelpinsomeway.Innotime,herkidsatethecookies.Whileeveryonechatted,Iwentintotheirkitchen.Thecupboardswerealmostempty.Iwasshocked.AletaandIleftthehouse,desperatelywantingtohelp.Withoutaword,welookedateachother,askingourselvesthesamequestion：Couldwehelpalittlemoreandgivethefamilyourholidaymeal?注意：（1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Myeight-year-oldgavetheperfectreasonwhyweneededtoofferourhelp.Earlythenextmorning,wetooktwofullbagsofdailynecessitiestoourneighbors.

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．B3．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了三家書店?！军c評】考查閱讀理解，包含推理判斷題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進(jìn)行理解。1．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)ShakespeareandCompany部分中的“Whenitopened，itprimarilysoldEnglish-languagebooks，anditattractedvariousiconicEnglish-speakingclients，includingGertrudeSteinandErnestHemingway.”開業(yè)時，它主要銷售英語書籍，吸引了包括格特魯?shù)?斯坦因和歐內(nèi)斯特?海明威在內(nèi)的各種標(biāo)志性英語客戶；以及AbbeyBookshop部分中的“OneofParis'smostfamousEnglish-languagebookstores，theAbbeyBookshopwasestablishedin1989byCanadianBrianSpence.”AbbeyBookshop是巴黎最著名的英語書店之一，由加拿大人BrianSpence于1989年成立?？芍@兩家書店的共同點是：主要銷售英語書籍。故選C。2．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)ShakespeareandCompany部分中的“ThisParisbookshopwasopenedin1919byAmericanSylviaBeach，ontheencouragementofherFrenchpartner，AdrienneMonnier.”這家巴黎書店于1919年由美國人西爾維婭?比奇在法國合伙人阿德里安?蒙尼爾的鼓勵下開設(shè)；AbbeyBookshop部分中的“OneofParis'smostfamousEnglish-languagebookstores，theAbbeyBookshopwasestablishedin1989byCanadianBrianSpence.”AbbeyBookshop是巴黎最著名的英語書店之一，由加拿大人BrianSpence于1989年成立；以及LeProcope部分中的“LeProcopewasopenedin1686bySicilianchefFrancescoProcopiodeiColtelli.”LeProcope由西西里廚師FrancescoProcopiodeiColtelli于1686年開設(shè)?？芍狶eProcope歷史最悠久。故選B。3．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段“Parismaybebest-knownasthecityoflove，butit'salsothecityofbooklovers!Herearethreeliterarylandmarksyoushouldaddtoyourtravelbucketlist.”巴黎可能是最著名的愛情之城，但它也是愛書人的城市！以下是你應(yīng)該添加到旅行遺愿清單中的三個文學(xué)地標(biāo)?？芍疚氖菍懡o圖書愛好者的。故選A。【答案】4．C5．D6．A7．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，評論了《內(nèi)在動機》一書以及帶給作者的感受?！军c評】考查閱讀理解，包含推理判斷題、詞義猜測題和段落大意，是一篇書評，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進(jìn)行理解。4．考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第一段中的“thewordsandcontentsofthebooks,whichcansharpenmymind.”書中的文字和內(nèi)容，可以磨礪我的思維?？赏浦髡呦矚g分析和思考書中的文字和內(nèi)容，這可以使他的頭腦變得清晰。ponderover是“考慮，琢磨”之意，故選C。5．考查段落大意。根據(jù)第二段“WhenIreadthebookIntrinsicMotivation（《內(nèi)在動機》）,Iaskmyself,‘Whatkindofbookisit?'Well,firstofall,IhavetosayDanPinkwriteswell,whichisprobablynotsurprisingasheisaspeechwriterforanAmericanleader.Thetextisneitheracademicallydifficultnorverycasual.Itstatesinformationclearlywithouteffort.Thesubjectmatterofthebookismotivation,anditstartswithadiscussionofhowexternalmotivationislesseffectiveformodernknowledgework,wherewideintelligentdecision-makingandinnovationareimportant.”當(dāng)我讀《內(nèi)在動機》這本書時，我問自己:“這是一本什么樣的書?”首先，我不得不說丹·平克文筆很好，這可能并不奇怪，因為他是一位美國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的演講撰稿人。這本書在學(xué)術(shù)上既不困難，也不過于隨意。它毫不費力就能清楚地陳述信息。這本書的主題是激勵，它首先討論了外部激勵在現(xiàn)代知識工作中是如何不那么有效的，而在現(xiàn)代知識工作中，廣泛的智能決策和創(chuàng)新是必不可少的?？芍?，第二段介紹了作者對《內(nèi)在動機》從文筆到內(nèi)容的理解。故選D。6．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thebookshowsthatthetrickynatureofhowwearetrulymotivatedisfilledwithplentyofexamplesanddescriptionsofresearch.Forexample,itisshownhowpaymentcansignalthatataskisundesirableandsoreduceintrinsicmotivation.”這本書通過大量的例子和對合理研究的描述，揭示了我們?nèi)绾握嬲患畹募直举|(zhì)。例如，研究表明，報酬可以表明一項任務(wù)不受歡迎，從而降低內(nèi)在動機。可知，《內(nèi)在動機》主要通過舉例來闡述內(nèi)在動機的實質(zhì)。故選A。7．考查推理判斷?？v觀全文可知，本文評論了《內(nèi)在動機》一書以及帶給作者的感受?？赏浦?，本文是一篇書評。故選D?！敬鸢浮?．B9．C10．A11．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，研究人員正研究用圖像來取代標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的、容易被遺忘的字母和數(shù)字串來作為密碼，也具體闡明了其原因和其所帶來的益處?！军c評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Nowadaysnearlyeveryonehassufferedfromabadattackofforgetfulnesswhenapasswordisneeded.”如今，當(dāng)需要密碼時，幾乎每個人都患有嚴(yán)重的健忘癥。可知，現(xiàn)代人們有太多的密碼要記住。故選B。9．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“Picturesaremucheasiertoremember.Researchersarealsoworkingonpicturepasswordsthatwillmakeitmoredifficultfortheaveragehacker.”圖片更容易記住。研究人員也在研究圖片密碼，這將使普通黑客更難記住?？芍藗兪褂脠D畫作為密碼，因為人們的懶惰。故選C。10．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“It'smoreofaproblemthanhacking,infact,particularlyforbigcompaniesthatmustseekhelpfortheircomputer-usingemployees—oftenroundtheclock.Howmuchdoesitcostacompanyeachtimeanemployeeforgetsapassword?Nooneknows,butpeoplewhoarepushingthepicturepasswordsbelievetheywillsavecompaniesalotofmoneybecauserecallingimagesissomucheasier.”事實上，這比黑客攻擊更像是一個問題，尤其是對于那些必須為使用電腦的員工尋求幫助的大公司來說，他們經(jīng)常全天候使用電腦。每次員工忘記密碼，公司要花多少錢沒有人知道，但推送圖片密碼的人相信，它們會為公司節(jié)省很多錢，因為回憶圖片要容易得多。可知，忘記密碼成了一個大問題，這將花費一大筆錢。故選A。11．考查段落大意。縱觀全文可知，本文講述了研究人員正研究用圖像來取代標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的、容易被遺忘的字母和數(shù)字串來作為密碼，也具體闡明了原因，即圖片更容易被記住，同時闡述了使用圖片作為密碼所能帶來的益處，本文就是在描述密碼難題的解決方案?！皥D片，密碼難題的解決方案”適合作為本文標(biāo)題。故選B?！敬鸢浮?2．B13．A14．D15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了孤獨已經(jīng)成為一個世界性的問題，但這并不意味著只有英國人深受這個問題的影響，事實上，盡管現(xiàn)在世界上大多數(shù)人都能上網(wǎng)，這使我們比以往任何時候聯(lián)系更加緊密，但人人都在遭受前所未有的孤獨。【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇社會現(xiàn)象類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。12．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“IntheeyesofUKeconomistRachelReeves，however，lonelinessisfarfromromantic.Instead，it's‘a(chǎn)giantevil'thatbecomesaseriousprobleminthecountry.”然而，在英國經(jīng)濟學(xué)家雷切爾?里維斯看來，孤獨遠(yuǎn)非浪漫。相反，它是一種"巨大的邪惡"，成為了這個國家的一個嚴(yán)重問題?？芍?，RachelReeves出現(xiàn)在第一段中是為了引出主題。故選B。13．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段“Butthisdoesn'tmeanthattheproblemonlyaffectstheBritish.Infact，we'reallsufferingfromlonelinessnowmorethanever，inspiteofmostoftheworldnowhavingaccesstotheinternet，whichhasenabledustobemoreconnectedthanever.”但這并不意味著這個問題只影響英國人。事實上，我們現(xiàn)在比以往任何時候都更孤獨，盡管世界上大多數(shù)地方現(xiàn)在都有了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，這使我們比以往任何時候都更緊密地聯(lián)系在一起?？芍陋氁呀?jīng)成為全世界的一個問題。故選A。14．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Ourlivesnowadaysaresobusy.Wespendthevastmajorityofourtimeonourphones,onourlaptops.Weneedtopresspauseonthatandactuallysitdownandspeaktohumanbeings”我們現(xiàn)在的生活太繁忙了。我們大部分時間都花在手機和筆記本電腦上。我們需要暫停一下，坐下來與人類交談。可知，Leadbetter建議我們與周圍的人更經(jīng)常地面對面交流來應(yīng)對孤獨。故選D。15．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Afterall，withoutloneliness，manybeautifulpaintings，songs，andliteraryworkswouldn'tevenexist.And"evil"ornot，beinglonelyissimplypartoftheexperienceofbeingahuman.”畢竟，如果沒有孤獨，許多美麗的繪畫、歌曲和文學(xué)作品都不會存在。不管"邪惡"與否，孤獨只是人類經(jīng)歷的一部分?？芍髡哒J(rèn)為孤獨只是我們生活中正常的一部分。故選D?！敬鸢浮?6．A；17．D；18．E；19．G；20．F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了有助于良好睡眠的幾個方法?！军c評】考查七選五，本文是一篇健康類閱讀，要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據(jù)空前"Ifyouboughtyourpillowin2020，guesswhat？"如果你的枕頭是在2020年買的，你猜怎么著？；以及空后"TheNationalSleepFoundationrecommendsreplacingthemeveryonetotwoyears."美國國家睡眠基金會建議每一到兩年更換一次。A.It'salreadyold."它已經(jīng)很舊了"，符合前后的語境，說明枕頭需要更換，故選A。17．根據(jù)空前"Ifyousleeponyourback，lookforathinnerpillow."如果你仰臥，請找一個更薄的枕頭。D.Ifyousleeponyourside,athickerpillowisbetter."如果你側(cè)睡，枕頭越厚越好"承接上文，說明根據(jù)睡覺的姿勢選擇合適的枕頭，符合語境，故選D。18．根據(jù)空前"Morningsunlightisimportantforgoodsleep.Togetmorerays，aimfor15to30minutesofdirectlightinthemorning."早上的陽光對良好的睡眠很重要。為了獲得更多的光線，早上要有15到30分鐘的直射光。E.Next,taketwo15-minuteoutdoorbreaksduringtheday."接下來，在白天進(jìn)行兩次15分鐘的戶外休息"承接上文，說明需要獲得足夠光照，符合語境，故選E。19．根據(jù)空后"Whenpeoplecutdownonsalt，theiraveragebathroomtripsdecreasedfromtwiceanighttoonce"當(dāng)人們減少鹽的攝入時，他們的平均上廁所次數(shù)從每晚兩次減少到一次，G.Avoidheavyorlargemealswithinacoupleofhoursofbedtime."避免在睡前幾個小時內(nèi)吃大餐或吃很多"引出下文，介紹飲食對于睡眠的影響，符合語境，故選G。20．根據(jù)空后"Toughdiscussionsarelesslikelytodisturbyoursleepifyouinitiatethemearlierratherthanlater.Ifyoustartanargumentafterdinner，yourquarrelingcancontinueuntilbedtime"如果你早一點而不是晚一點開始討論，激烈的討論就不太可能干擾你的睡眠。如果你在晚飯后開始爭吵，你的爭吵可以一直持續(xù)到睡覺。F.Ifyouneedtohandlesometroubles,don'twaituntilnighttime."如果你需要處理一些麻煩，不要等到晚上"引出下文，介紹應(yīng)該早一點處理問題的作用，符合語境，故選F?！敬鸢浮?1．A；22．B；23．C；24．A；25．B；26．D；27．A；28．D；29．D；30．C；31．B；32．A；33．C；34．C；35．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了Courtney在網(wǎng)上分享自己是如何成為無家可歸的人，并獲得了好心人的幫助。【點評】考查完形填空，本題考點涉及動詞，名詞，形容詞，副詞，固定短語等多個知識點的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而選出正確答案。21．句意：她講述了自己如何無家可歸的故事。A.story"故事"；B.success"成功"；C.feelings"感受"；D.thoughts"思想"。根據(jù)下文"Istartedfollowingherstory"我開始關(guān)注她的故事，故選A。22．句意：Courtney解釋了當(dāng)她和丈夫在同一周失業(yè)時，災(zāi)難是如何發(fā)生的。A.got"獲得"；B.lost"丟失"；C.quit"退出"；D.did"做"。根據(jù)空前"Courtneyexplainedhowdisasterstruck"可知此處指是失去工作。故選B。23．句意：這對夫婦起初搬到了Courtney姐姐家，但不幸的是，生活狀況并不理想。A.gradually"逐漸地"；B.surprisingly"令人驚訝地"；C.unfortunately"不幸地"；D.immediately"立即"。根據(jù)空后"thelivingsituationdidn'tworkout"可知非常不幸。故選C。24．句意：兩人最終流落街頭。A.streets"街道"；B.trains"列車"；C.bridges"橋梁"；D.roofs"屋頂"。根據(jù)下文"Theysleptinparkswhilecompletingthenecessaryprocessforshelteraccommodation."他們在公園里睡覺，同時完成必要的避難程序。可知他們流浪街頭。故選A。25．句意：在最終獲得批準(zhǔn)后，這對夫婦面臨著進(jìn)一步的挑戰(zhàn)。A.punished"懲罰"；B.approved"批準(zhǔn)"；C.injured"受傷"；D.bored"使無聊"。根據(jù)上文"whilecompletingthenecessaryprocessforshelteraccommodation"可知此處指獲得批準(zhǔn)。故選B。26．句意：很難找到符合收容所要求的工作。A.made"制造"；B.asked"問"；C.raised"提出"；D.met"遇到"。根據(jù)語境，此處指滿足收容所要求，故選D。27．句意：自從她的第一個視頻以來，Courtney已經(jīng)在網(wǎng)上聚集了近7萬人，她在網(wǎng)上分享了作為一個無家可歸者的必需品。A.shares"分享"；B.writes"書寫"；C.remembers"記住"；D.collects"收集"。根據(jù)上文"Shesharedthe1ofhowshebecamehomeless"她講述了自己如何無家可歸的故事。可知此處指分享視頻。故選A。28．句意：Chelsey，一位熱心的女士，最近發(fā)現(xiàn)了她的視頻，送了一份可愛的禮物。A.middle-aged"中年的"；B.well-behaved"行為良好的"；C.good-looking"好看的"；D.warm-hearted"熱心的"。根據(jù)空后"whohasgivenalovelygift"可推知是一名熱心的女士。故選D。29．句意：Chelsey意識到她可以提供更多的幫助。A.awareness"意識"；B.confidence"信心"；C.value"價值"；D.assistance"協(xié)助"。根據(jù)下文"butIwantedtosendheranopportunity"但我想給她一個機會，可知是提供幫助。故選D。30．句意：我開始關(guān)注她的故事，認(rèn)為有必要提供幫助。A.simple"簡單的"；B.peaceful"和平的"；C.necessary"必要的"；D.difficult"困難的"。根據(jù)語境可知。此處指有必要提供幫助。故選C。31．句意：現(xiàn)金很好，但我知道如果我給她寄一臺筆記本電腦，她可以在網(wǎng)上找到虛擬工作機會，同時尋找全職工作。A.common"普通的"；B.great"極好的，偉大的"；C.rare"稀有的"；D.dirty"臟的"。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指給現(xiàn)金很好，故選B。32．句意：現(xiàn)金很好，但我知道如果我給她寄一臺筆記本電腦，她可以在網(wǎng)上找到虛擬工作機會，同時尋找全職工作。"A.full-time"全職的"；B.labour-saving"節(jié)省勞動力的"；C.life-long"終身的"；D.past-time"過去的"。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指尋找全職工作。故選A。33．句意：她決定付錢給Courtney為她工作。A.hesitated"猶豫"；B.pretended"假裝"；C.decided"決定"；D.hoped"希望"。根據(jù)下文"CourtneyisnowhelpingChelseywriteblogpostsaboutthestoriesaboutherproject."Courtney現(xiàn)在正在幫助Chelsey寫博客文章，講述她的項目。可知此處指決定雇傭Courtney。故選C。34．句意：Chelsey繼續(xù)說道："在一個不友善的世界里，我們應(yīng)該友善，給人們機會，僅僅因為你無家可歸并不意味著你不是人。"A.content"滿足的"；B.happy"快樂的"；C.kind"善良的"；D.calm"平靜的"。根據(jù)空后"givepeopleopportunities"給人們機會。可知她希望人們善良。故選C。35．句意：Chelsey繼續(xù)說道："在一個不友善的世界里，我們應(yīng)該友善，給人們機會，僅僅因為你無家可歸并不意味著你不是人。"A.quiet"安靜的"；B.homeless"無家可歸的"；C.old"舊的"；D.different"不同的"。根據(jù)上文"howshebecamehomeless"可知此處指無家可歸。故選B?！敬鸢浮?6．for；37．charming；38．surrounded；39．rocks；40．which；41．The；42．befound；43．providing；44．growth；45．bu