現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)定義：

1.表示發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)對(duì)有影響。

例：Ihavelostmykey.(Ican'tfindmykeynow.)

2.表示發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到,而且還可能

持續(xù)下去。

例：IhavelearntEnglishsinceIwassix.(IbegantolearnEnglishwhenIwas

six,nowIstilllearnEnglish.)

二、運(yùn)用條件：

1.標(biāo)志詞：

(1)already和yet的區(qū)別：

①already：已經(jīng)，用于

例：Ihavealreadywatchedthemovie.

②yet：已經(jīng)，尚未，用于

例：Haveyouwatchedthemovieyet?

Ihaven91watchedthemovieyet.

(2)for和since的區(qū)另U：

?for：長(zhǎng)達(dá)…，后面力口

例：Ihaveworkedherefor3years.

②since：自從，后面加I

例：Ihaveworkedheresince2yearsago.

(3)其他標(biāo)志詞(見附表)

?sofar:________________Sofar,Ihavemadelotsoffriends.

②just:________________Ihavejustmovedtoanewplace.

(3)before:_______________Ihaveseenthemoviebefore.

④recently:______________Theyhavehadanexamrecently.

⑤ever/never:______________HassheeverbeentoBeijing?

ShehasneverbeentoBeijing.

⑥once/twice等：ShehasbeentoBeijingtwice.

⑦inthepastfewdays/years:—

Thecityhaschangedalotinthepastfewyears.

2.句意理解：

例：Whyareyoustillhere?Becauselhavenfinishedschoolwrok.

你為什么還在這？因?yàn)槲疫€沒有完成學(xué)校工作。

例：WhereisMissLi?Shehasgonetothelibrary.

李老師在哪里？她去圖書館了。

三、結(jié)構(gòu)：

1.肯定句：

①非三單主語+have+過去分詞+其他.

例：IhavelearntEnglishfor12years.

They(translate)Luxun'snovelsbefore.

②三單主語+has+過去分詞+其他.

例：TomhaslearntEnglishfor12years.

She(translate)Luxun'snovelsbefore.

2.否定句：

①非三單主語+haven,t+過去分詞+其他.

例：Ihaven'tlearntEnglishfor12years.

They(nottranslate)Luxun'snovelsbefore.

②三單主語+hasift+過去分詞+其他.

例：Tomhasn'tlearntEnglishfor12years.

She(nottranslate)Luxun5snovelsbefore.

3.疑問句：

①Have+非三單主語+過去分詞+其他？

例：youlearntEnglishfor12years?

Yes,I.

No,I.

②Has+三單主語+過去分詞+其他？

例：TomlearntEnglishfor12years?

Yes,he.

No,he.

四、動(dòng)詞過去分詞變化：

(1)規(guī)則變化：

直：直接+,play-

去：一個(gè)不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去___________,+,dance-

雙：輔元輔結(jié)構(gòu)，,+ed,shop-,

改：輔音+y結(jié)尾，,+ed,study-

(2)不規(guī)則變化(5種類型，并舉出例子)

?A-A-A：--

②A-A-B：--

③A-B-A：--

④A-B-B：--

⑤A-B_C：--

五、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)短語結(jié)構(gòu)：

(1)haveto:去過.…(地方)

例：IhavebeentotheGreatWalltwice.

(常與ever,never,次數(shù)連用)

(2)haveto：去了…(地方)，(還未回)

例：Whereisyourfather?HehasgonetoBeijing.

(常用于對(duì)話問答中)

(3)havebeen：待在...(某地)

例：HowlonghaveyoubeeninShenzhen?

(常搭配since,for,howlong表示持續(xù)時(shí)間段的時(shí)間詞)

六、瞬間和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞：

1.連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞：表示能夠的動(dòng)作。

例：Ijoinedtheclubin2022.Ihavebeenintheclubfor2years.

2.瞬間性動(dòng)詞：表示不能延續(xù)，的動(dòng)作，不與表示持續(xù)時(shí)間段的時(shí)間

詞連用(since,for,howlong)o

例：Ijoinedtheclubin2022.Ihavejoinedtheclubbefore.

3.瞬間和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換

(1)buy—(4)start—

(2)borrow—(5)die—

(3)join—(6)leave—

(7)finish-es)arrive—

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

一、語法問答。

1.請(qǐng)寫出現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)。

(1)肯定句：___________________________________________

(2)否定句：____________________________________________

(3)疑問句：____________________________________________

2.請(qǐng)寫出現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞，最少4個(gè)。

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

3.請(qǐng)寫出過去分詞不規(guī)則變化的類型，每個(gè)類型舉出一個(gè)例子。

(1)

(2)_____________________

(3)

(4)

(5)

4.請(qǐng)寫出for和since的區(qū)別。

(1)for_____________________

(2)since_____________________

5.請(qǐng)寫出havebeento,havegoneto,havebeenin的區(qū)別。

(1)havebeento_____________________

(2)havegoneto_____________________

(3)havebeenin______________________

二、練習(xí)■時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞：

1.請(qǐng)用already和yet完成下列句子。

(1)HavetheybegunUnit11?

(2)Hehaslefttheoffice.

(3)Ihavefinishedmyhomework.

(4)Theirparentshaven'tcomeback

2.請(qǐng)用ever和never完成句子。

(1)HaveyoubeentoBeijing?

(2)Shehasseenapanda.

3.請(qǐng)用for和since完成下列句子。

1.HismotherhastaughtJapaneseovertenyears.

2.Ihaven'tseenhimlastFebruary.

3.Thefootballmatchhasbeenonhalfanhour.

4.Wehavelearnedalotwecametotheschool.

5.Wehaven'tseeneachotheralongtime.

6.HisfatherhasbeenintheParty10yearsago.

7.Thefilmhasbeenon20minutes.

8.MrGreenhasworkedherehecametoChina.

9.Hisgrandparentshavebeendeadseveralyears.

10.It'sfiveyearswemetlasttime.

三、練習(xí)?現(xiàn)完短語：

請(qǐng)用have/hasgoneto;have/hasbeento或have/hasbeenin完成下歹?。菥渥?。

1.—youEngland?

—No,never.

2.HecametoShenzhenin1994.HeShenzhensince1994.

3.—HowlongtheyBeijing?

—Foronemonth./Sincelastmonth.

4.—Wherehaveyoubeen?

—Ithelibrary.

5.Sheisn'there.Shetheshop.Andshetheshop

fortwohours.

四、練習(xí)-單項(xiàng)選擇。

1.—Mum,mayIgooutandplaybasketball?

—youyourhomeworkyet?

A.Do;finishB.Are;finishingC.Did;finishD.Have;finished

2.Tomherelastweek.Ialreadyfriendswithhim.

A.comes;have;madeB.came;have;made

C.hascome;have;madeD.came;havebeen;made

3.—Hasthebusleft________?

—Yes,ithas_____________left.

A.yet;alreadyB.ever;neverC.just;sinceD.yet;since

4.—Willtheconcertbeoversoon?

—No.It_____________just_________

A.has;startedB.is;startingC.will;startD.was;starting

5.—myglasses?

—Yes,Ithemonyourbedaminuteago.

A.Doyousee;haveseenB.Hadyousee;haveseen

C.Wouldyousee;sawD.Haveyouseen;saw

6.Youdon'tneedtodescribeher.I____herseveraltimes.

A.hadmetB.havemetC.metD.meet

7.Thebottleisempty.Who___________—thejuice?

A.hasdrankB.havedrunkC.hasdrunkD.drunk

8.—Nicetomeetyou.Iyouforalongtime.

—IinBeijing.Tvejustcomeback.

A.hadn'tseen;amB.haven'tseen;was

C.didn'tsee;willbeD.hasn'tseen;was

9.1___________JQUsincelastSaturday.

A.haven'tseenB.haven9ttsawC.hasn'tseenD.hasn'tsaw

10.1won'tgototheconcertbecauseI____________myticket.

A.loseB.don'tloseC.havelostD.iscoming

11.Haveyouever_____totheGreatWall?It'sverybeautiful.

A.goneB.beenC.wentD.go

12.Herbrother—__thePartysince1978.

A.joinedB.hasjoinedC.hasbeeninD.wasin

13.--Where'syourfather?

-He________Shanghai.Hewillbebacknextweek.

A.hasgonetoB.hasbeentoC,havegonetoD.havebeen

to

14.Heinourschoolfor20yearsandheherein1977.

A.hastaught;cameB.hastaught;hascome

C.taught;cameD.hastaught;hascame

15.—Whereareyougoingforyourholiday?

—Well,weyet.

A.haven'tdecidedB.hadn'tdecidedC.don'tdecideD.didn'tdecide

16.ThelittletownalotsinceImovedout.

A.havechangedB.haschangedC.changedD.changes

17.--Where'sMissZhang?Ican'tfindheranywhere.

—Shethelibrary.Youcanfindherthere.

A.hasgonetoB.hasbeentoC.havegonetoD.havebeen

to

18.MyfatherarmysincehetoGuangzhou.

A.hasjoinedin;movedB.hasjoinedin;hasmoved

C.joinedin;movedD.hasbeenin;moved

19.—Whenyoubegintoplaythepiano?

—In1990.1thepianoforabout30years.

A.did;playedB.have;playC.did;playD.did;haveplayed

20.WehavelearnedEnglishthreeyears.Thatmeanswe've

learnedEnglishthreeyears.

A.for;ago;forB.since;ago;for

C.for;ago;sinceD.since;ago;since

21.—Whatanicewatchyouhave!

-Yes,IlikeitverymuchandIitfortenyears.

A.boughtB.havehadC.borrowedD.havebought

22.—didthe2022BeijingWinterOlympicGamesfinish?

—Itfornearlytwomonths.

A.When;hasfinishedB.Howlong;hasbeenover

C.When;hasbeenoverD.Howlong;hasfinished

23.—Isthisyournewbook?

—Yes,Iitforonly2days.

A.haveboughtB.buyC.boughtD.havehad

24.—Howlongyouthisschool?

—Fortwoyears.

A.have;arrivedatB.did;cometoC.have;cometoD.have;beenin

25.1Nanjingforhalfayear,butIhaven'ttravelledtomanyplacesof

interestaroundit.

A.arrivedinB.gottoC.havearrivedinD.havebeenin

五、練習(xí)?用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.1(study)historyfortwoyears.

2.1(have)ahistorylessonyesterday.

3.1(learn)alotaboutGreekhistory.Whatdoyouwanttoknow?

4.1(read)thestoryoftheTrojanWarlastweek.

5.1(meet)myfirstteacherintheparkjustnow.

6.Manypeople(lose)theirhomesinthewar.

7.He(finish)hishomework,sohecanwatchTVnow.

8.1(keep)thisdictionaryfortwoweeks.Ishouldgiveitbacktothelibrary.

9.1(begin)tolearnEnglishwhenIwasyoung.

10.Thewarlasted10years,andfinally,theGreeks(capture)thecity.

11.youever(see)themovie?

12.She(join)aclubinherschooltwoweeksago.

13.1not(read)thebookyet.

14.Mybrother(live)heresincehewasbom.

15.Wecan*tfindhimanywhere.Perhapshe(go)home.

16.He(read)thebookbefore.

17.Mr.Green(teach)usalotaboutsocialstudiessinceSeptember.

18.1never(meet)hersisterbefore.

19.He(work)inourschoolforfiveyears.

20.He(come)