Unit4WordsandExpressionsadversityn.困境，逆境adverseadj.不利的adversesituation不利處境dilemman.進(jìn)退兩難的境地wagen.工資（ine/salary/pay/bonus/allowance/payment）Wagepayment工資支付high/goodwages高薪low/smallwages低薪V.開(kāi)始；發(fā)動(dòng)wage/launch/start/initiateacampaign/war發(fā)起運(yùn)動(dòng)/發(fā)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)bitter(味道）苦的goodmedicineisbitterinmouth.良藥苦的辛酸的；痛苦的bittertears/abitterexperiencemiserable/sorrowful/painful/充滿仇恨的bebitterabout..對(duì)..憤憤不平hateful(天氣）嚴(yán)寒的，刺骨的bitter/freezingcoldbitterlyadv.痛苦地；憤恨地；及其expeditionn.探險(xiǎn)、遠(yuǎn)征；探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)Expeditev.加速、促進(jìn)（行為，過(guò)程）Accelerateboost/advance/promote/facilitate/enhance/stimulate/fuel/improveExplore/exploration/explorer探索/探索（n.)/探險(xiǎn)者Explode/explosion爆炸/爆炸(n.)endurancen持久力，忍耐力；耐久性Endurev.持續(xù)存在，忍受enduringadj持久的（lasting）endurableadj.能忍受的（tolerant）endurantadj.能耐勞的，能忍耐的endurancetraining耐力訓(xùn)練vigour(n.)精力，力量，活力energy/strength/vitalityFullofvigour/life=lifeful=redblooded=vital=aliveturndown拒絕（某人）Refuse/decline/reject/objecttoqualifyv.使具有資格；使能勝任bequalifiedfor能勝任becapableofsth/doing有能力...(un)qualified(adj.)（不）能勝任的；（不）合格的qualification(n.)資格；學(xué)歷enthusiasticadj熱情的，熱心的Beenthusiasticabout..對(duì)..熱情enthusiasm(n.)/enthusiast(n.)/enthusiasticallyadv.Lackof/befullofenthusiasm缺乏/充滿熱情Withenthusiasmadv.熱情地aboardv.adv/prep上（船、飛機(jī)、公共汽車）goaboard上船onboard在船上，飛機(jī)上abroadadv.在國(guó)外athomeandabroad在國(guó)內(nèi)外Broadadj.寬廣的，寬闊的broadenv.拓寬broadenone’shorizons拓寬視野assignv.（1）分派，布置，分配assignsbsth/assignsthtosb.分給某人..任務(wù)（2）指定，指派，委派Assignsbas/tobe分派，任命某人為..Assignsbtososth指定某人做某事（3）確定（時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、屬性等）assignadayfortheinterviewAssignedadj.Assignmentn.作業(yè)任務(wù)/分配/轉(zhuǎn)讓分配(distribute/allocate/assign/portion)stewardn.乘務(wù)員/服務(wù)員waiter/waitress/server/attendantservantn仆人Stewardessn.女服務(wù)員stewardshipn.管理工作/管事人的職位和職責(zé)envyv.羨慕、妒忌envysb(doing)sthenvyhimhisfortune羨慕他的好運(yùn)氣n.妒忌/羨慕/羨慕對(duì)象、目標(biāo)betheenvyof..是令..羨慕的對(duì)象Iamgreenwithenvy。我都有點(diǎn)嫉妒了（眼紅了）Enviousadj./withenvy/outofenvy/jealousyadj.嫉妒的，羨慕的jealousn.crushv.壓碎；壓壞；搗碎sthgetcrushedn.擁擠的人群crowdsinkv.沉沒(méi)，(使）下沉，（使）沉沒(méi)sanksunk/sunk（反）floatafloatTheshipsanktothebottomoftheriver.V.（高度）下降，倒下，坐下Thesunwasstartingtosink.V.消沉，陷入；降低，減弱whenseeing...,myheartsank.Besunkin...陷入..中betrapped/stuck/caughtin...abandonv.舍棄；拋棄；放棄desert/leave/portion/discard/giveupAbandonedadj.Abandonmentn.blanketn.毯子；覆蓋層；氛圍；障礙物；v.覆蓋carpetn.地毯cushionn.墊子Awetblanket掃興的人，潑冷水的人belongingsn.財(cái)產(chǎn)，動(dòng)產(chǎn)possessions/property/ownershipn.所有權(quán)/Belongtosb.屬于某人senseofbelonging歸屬感miserableadj.痛苦的，令人難受的sorrowful/painful/miseryn.痛苦，悲慘/sufferingmiserablyadv.悲慘地voyagev/n.航海；航行voyagern.航行者cruisen.航海，航行Navigationn.航行/航海導(dǎo)航Make/goon/takeavoyage航行cosyn.暖和舒適的；感覺(jué)舒服的cosinessn.selfishadj.自私的selfless/unselfishadj.無(wú)私的selfishnessn.無(wú)私goodtemperedadj.脾氣好的moody情緒不好的Loseone'stemper發(fā)脾氣badtempered脾氣壞的/gloomyBeinagoodmood/beinhighspirits情緒好的liftone’sspirits使某人情緒高漲Beinlowspirits情緒低落genuinev.adj,真正的；真誠(chéng)的；可信賴的authentic/sincere/reliableperseverancen.毅力，任性persevere/persistv.堅(jiān)持，孜孜不倦Persistencen.毅力withpersistence/perseverance堅(jiān)韌地，帶有毅力的Endurancen.忍耐力，耐久力resolvev.決定；決心；解決n.決心，堅(jiān)定的信念（resolution）Resolve/solve/tackle/approach/address/dealwith/handle/settle解決Decide/decideon/makeadecision決定resolutionv.n.（1）解決solution（2）堅(jiān)決，堅(jiān)定；決心makearesolutiontodo下決心做某事（3）正式?jīng)Q定，決議pass/adopt/approvearesolution通過(guò)一項(xiàng)決議crew:n.(輪船上面的)全體工作人員;專業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì);一群人staff(全體職工/雇員)cruel:adj.殘酷的;殘忍的;冷酷的（inhumane,harsh,merciless）kind,gentle,mercifulcrueltyn.殘忍；不公becruelto…:對(duì)…殘酷/冷酷bemeanto…:對(duì)…刻薄thorough:adj.深入的;徹底的;細(xì)致的(plete,detailed)inplete,superficial,cursorythoroughly:adv.非常;極其;徹底;完全through：通過(guò);穿過(guò);因?yàn)閠hough/although：雖然;但是thought：n.思想;想法athoroughknowledgeof對(duì)…..的透徹了解inathoroughmess亂七八糟的furniture:n.家具(U.)(fitting,furnishing,fixtures)furnishvt.布置家具；提供furnishedadj.配備家具的apieceoffurniture:一件家具furnishwith用….布置furnishsbwithsth為某人提供某物befurnishedwith備有;安裝有;陳設(shè)有unfortunately:adv.不幸地;遺憾地（unluckily）fortunately:adv.幸運(yùn)地（luckily）fortunate:adj.幸運(yùn)的;僥幸的;吉利的（lucky）fortune：n.運(yùn)氣;機(jī)會(huì);幸運(yùn);財(cái)富（luck）bark:vi.&n.(狗)吠叫;吠叫聲r(shí)ugby:n.橄欖球運(yùn)動(dòng)playrugby:打橄欖球bat:n.球拍;蝙蝠(racket球拍flap拍打)vi.&vt.用球板擊球;揮打;拍打(batted–batting)damp:adj.潮濕的;濕氣重的(常含令人不舒服的之意)（wet，humid，moist）dry,arid,parchedrecreation:n.娛樂(lè);消遣;游戲(entertainment,amusement,pastime)recreational/?rekri?e???nl/adj.消遣的；娛樂(lè)的guidance:n.指導(dǎo);引導(dǎo);導(dǎo)航(direction,leadership,instruction)guide：n.向?qū)?導(dǎo)游;v.指導(dǎo);指引;帶路underone'sguidance:在…的指導(dǎo)下=undertheguidanceofsbwithone'shelp=withthehelpof…:在…的幫助下theguidanceon….方面的指導(dǎo)Weneedyourguidanceonourperformance。Thesecondgroupdidexerciseundertheguidanceofatrainerforfourormoredaysaweek.nephew:n.侄子;外甥niece:n.侄女cousin:n.堂兄/弟/姐/妹;表兄/弟/姐/妹advertising:n.廣告活動(dòng);廣告業(yè)advertisev.公布；宣傳；做廣告advertisement:n.廣告;宣傳;榜樣advertisern.廣告商；廣告人員advertiseforsbtodosth登廣告招聘某人做某事beadvertisedas被宣傳為anadvertisementforsth……的廣告jobadvertisement招聘廣告Alocalfarmerthemthedogsoundedlikeoneadvertisedaslostinthelocalpaper.corporate:adj.公司的;法人的;社團(tuán)的corporationn.公司；法人firm：n.公司;商行pany：n.公司;陪伴rough:adj.洶涌的;粗糙的;粗略的;困難的(coarse,uneven,harsh)roughly:adv.大約;粗暴地tough：adj.困難的;艱難的;棘手的toughly:adv.堅(jiān)強(qiáng)地;固執(zhí)地;能吃苦耐勞地navigator:n.領(lǐng)航員;(飛機(jī)、船舶等上的)航行者navi導(dǎo)航+gate大門+or人navigation:n.導(dǎo)航;領(lǐng)航;航行l(wèi)oyal:adj.忠誠(chéng)的;忠實(shí)的(faithful,devoted,steadfast)disloyal,unfaithful,traitorousroyaladj.皇室的loyaltyn.忠誠(chéng)；忠實(shí)beloyalto…:對(duì)…忠誠(chéng)aloyalfriend/supporter:忠實(shí)的朋友/支持者devoted:adj.忠誠(chéng)的motor:n.發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī);馬達(dá)(engine)adj.有引擎的;機(jī)動(dòng)車的engine：n.發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī);引擎amotoraccident:機(jī)動(dòng)車事故candidate:n.候選人;應(yīng)試者(applicant,nominee,conten