王青松、梅文昕、劉誌、郭團中國科學技術大學火災科學國家重點實驗室暨南大學2 I 電動汽車智能電網(wǎng)電動汽車智能電網(wǎng)電化學儲能電站便攜電子航空航天電化學儲能電站便攜電子航空航天亟需監(jiān)測并深入理解熱失控全過程，并實現(xiàn)早期3I質(zhì)量損失內(nèi)置熱電偶內(nèi)置壓力傳感器體積大電動汽車和儲能：多點監(jiān)測會增加系統(tǒng)復雜性和能量密度體積大難以植入電池內(nèi)部難以在熱失控高溫、高壓等極端環(huán)境中存活發(fā)展新型靈活、小巧的可植入電池內(nèi)部的傳感Energ.Convers.Manage.2022,252,11505I工作原理：以布拉格光柵FiberBraggGrating(FBG)為例λB工作原理：以布拉格光柵FiberBraggGrating(FBG)為例λBλB=2neffΛ溫度變化引起光柵周期和折射率的變化，進而引起中心波長變化λBneffΛ纖芯有效折射率光柵周期導致的λB結(jié)構及優(yōu)勢靈活，柔性好體積小，重量輕（纖芯直徑9μm）耐高溫高壓不導電耐電解液腐蝕電磁絕緣…I測量電池內(nèi)部的溫度和壓力，監(jiān)測測量電池內(nèi)部的溫度和壓力，監(jiān)測SEI膜生成飛秒激光制備FBG，實現(xiàn)電池內(nèi)部溫度監(jiān)測首次將FBG植入電池內(nèi)部，監(jiān)測電池內(nèi)部溫度一根光纖布置5個FBG測點，測試電池一根光纖布置5個FBG測點，測試電池多點表面溫度電池內(nèi)部植入FBG傳感器，監(jiān)測鋰硫電池內(nèi)部應力變化首次提出多功能光纖，實現(xiàn)電池溫度和應變的解耦 7812mm +OpticalfiberCellCrosssectionSideviewCrosssectionSideviewll------------i10mmii-------------0.8mmCladdingCore0.1mmCoreCladdingCladdingWavelength B=2neffWavelengthFP=4nml/(2k+*Wavelength折射率(nm)λFP=4nmLΤ(2k+1)9-10-15-20-25154015451550155515601565Wavelength(nm)0.2MPa1.4MPa154515501555Wavelength(nm)653210WavelengthresponseLinearfitting0.40.20.0-0.2-0.4Wavelengthresponse0100Wavelengthresponse0100200300400500600Temperature(°C)0.00.51.01.52.0Pressure(MPa)Peak1:0.5pm°CPeak1:0.5pm°C-1LinearfittingPeak2:0.5pm°C-1LinearfittingPeak3:0.5pm°C-1Lineafittring420Peak1Peak2Peak3Temperature(°C)Temperature(°C)0.00.20.40.60.80.00.20.40.60.82.0MPaMPaMPaMPaMPaMPaMPaMPaMPaMPaMPa152015401560158016001620Wavelength(nm)86420Peak1:4176.6pmMPa-1Peak2:4185.3pmMPa-1Peak3:4196.1pmMPa-1LinearfittingPressure(MPa) 循環(huán)性能評估循環(huán)性能評估0.5C140013001200SOH<80%Cellwithsensors020406080100Cyclenumber倍率性能評估倍率性能：不同倍率下的充放電循環(huán)0.5C-1C-1熱失控前，中，后的FBG光譜信號AfterTRsWavelength(nm)熱失控前，中，后的FPI光譜信號BeforeTRDuringTRAfterTRWavelength(nm)熱失控前后光譜一致性良好，確保了熱失控后光纖的回收 123412345+-熱電偶及光纖傳感器布置熱電偶及光纖傳感器布置152523344Temperature(oC)Temperature(oC)50040030020000-2-4-6-8416016023603801400340surface@TCsurface@TCTinternal@FBGPinternal@FPI32100.50.00100200300400500600Time(s)溫度-壓力-電壓-質(zhì)量損失變化曲線安全閥開啟安全閥開啟溫度階躍第一個壓力峰值第二個壓力峰值溫度峰值溫度階躍第一個壓力峰值熱失控行為及特征I4.熱失控原位監(jiān)測及預警特征符號(單位)溫度/℃TISC,avg(℃?安全閥開啟溫度Tvent,avg(℃?熱失控觸發(fā)溫度TTR,avg(℃?Tmax(℃?Tmax,sTmax,inan+ca+elean+binder289.4℃an+binder289.4℃decomposition84.4℃an+ca+eleTemperature(oC)Temperature(oC)電壓掉落溫度TISC,avg對應于隔膜Temperature(oC)Temperature(oC)5004003002000103210321033Tsurface@TCTinternal@FBGVoltageMassPinternal@FPI..Internalpressure(M32100.50.00100200300400500600700Temperature(oC)Temperature(oC)3002000-1-2-3-4-5StageStageI33Venting33Venting273.3℃0.3℃0.3℃1.651.65MPa020040060080010001200Internalpressure(MPa)2102.00.50.0InternalInternalpressure(MPa)temperature(oC)微分dT/dt&dP/dt組合溫度&壓力曲線WarningSmooth@TSmooth@P0.60.30.00100200300400Time(s)InternalInternalpressure(MPa)temperature(oC)微分dT/dt&dP/dt組合溫度&壓力曲線WarningSmooth@TSmooth@P0.60.30.00100200300400Time(s)溫度&壓力變化率轉(zhuǎn)折點30200.10.0-0.1-0.7 0100200300400500600700Time0100200300400500600700Time(s)I4.熱失控原位監(jiān)測及預警HeatGraphiteLiFePO4LiionLiHeatGraphiteLiFePO4LiionLisiteSeparatorSEIfilmElectrolytevaporPdominant戶戶Tdominant早期預警區(qū)間：始于電解液蒸發(fā)，止于SEI膜分解，并96TriseratePriserate96TriseratePriserateWarningWarning30TemperatureTemperatureriserate(oC/s)0.60.30.0-0.3PressurePressureriserate(kP950%SOCWarning6Warning300100200300400Time(s)TemperatureTemperatureriserate(oC/s)0.60.30.0PressurePressureriserate(kP6Warning4Warning200100200300400Time(s)Tturn(℃)Tturn,STturn,inTturn,avg Temperature(oC)Pressure(MPa)Temperature(