高考英語閱讀理解?？己诵脑~匯歸納考前必背（心理類）單詞詳解1.Aggressive[??ɡres?v]

形容詞中文釋義:

侵略性的，好斗的；有進取心的例句:Aggressivebehaviorisoftenasignofunderlyingfrustrationoranger.(攻擊性行為通常是潛在挫折感或憤怒的跡象。)Shehasanaggressivepersonalityandisalwaysdeterminedtowin.(她性格好強，總是決心要贏。)同義詞:assertive,hostile,combative反義詞:passive,docile,submissive搭配:aggressivebehavior,aggressivepersonality拓展詞組:beaggressivetowardssb.

對某人有攻擊性anaggressivesalesstrategy

有進取心的銷售策略易錯點撥:aggressive

和

assertive

都是積極主動的，但

aggressive

更傾向于負面含義，包含敵意和攻擊性，而

assertive

則更強調(diào)自信和堅定。2.Amuse[??mju?z]

動詞中文釋義:

逗樂，使發(fā)笑；使娛樂例句:Theclown'santicsamusedthechildren.(小丑的滑稽動作逗樂了孩子們。)Sheamusedherselfbyreadingabook.(她通過讀書來消遣。)同義詞:entertain,delight,divert反義詞:bore,tire,weary搭配:amuseoneself,beamusedby拓展詞組:findsth.amusing

覺得某事有趣beeasilyamused

容易被逗樂易錯點撥:amuse

是及物動詞，后面要接賓語，例如

amusesb.(使某人開心)

或

amuseoneself(自娛自樂)。3.Anxious['??k??s]

形容詞中文釋義:

焦慮的，不安的；渴望的例句:Shefeltanxiousabouttheupcomingexam.(她對即將到來的考試感到焦慮。)Hewasanxioustohearthenews.(他渴望聽到這個消息。)同義詞:worried,apprehensive,eager反義詞:calm,relaxed,unconcerned搭配:beanxiousabout,beanxioustodosth.拓展詞組:ananxiouswait

焦急的等待sufferfromanxiety

患有焦慮癥易錯點撥:anxious

和

eager

都有“渴望”的意思，但

anxious

更強調(diào)擔憂和不安，而

eager

更強調(diào)熱情和期待。4.Attitude['?t?tju?d]

名詞中文釋義:

態(tài)度，看法，意見例句:Hehasapositiveattitudetowardslife.(他對生活持積極的態(tài)度。)Herattitudetowardstheprojectwasunclear.(她對這個項目的態(tài)度不明確。)同義詞:viewpoint,perspective,opinion反義詞:apathy,indifference搭配:haveanattitudetowards,changeone'sattitude拓展詞組:apositive/negativeattitude

積極/消極的態(tài)度attitudechange

態(tài)度轉(zhuǎn)變易錯點撥:attitude

比

opinion

更持久和穩(wěn)定，opinion

可以是暫時的，而

attitude

則更能反映個體的價值觀和信念。5.Background['b?kɡra?nd]

名詞中文釋義:

背景，出身，經(jīng)歷例句:Thestudent'sfamilybackgroundinfluencedhereducationalopportunities.(學生的家庭背景影響了她的受教育機會。)Histroubledbackgroundcontributedtohiscriminalbehavior.(他坎坷的經(jīng)歷導致了他的犯罪行為。)同義詞:experience,history,upbringing反義詞:foreground搭配:familybackground,educationalbackground拓展詞組:comefromawealthybackground

出身富裕家庭haveabackgroundinpsychology

有心理學背景易錯點撥:background

不僅指出身背景，也指影響個體心理狀態(tài)的過往經(jīng)歷和環(huán)境因素。辨析例句:Hisfamilybackgroundiswealthy.(他的家庭背景富裕。)Hehasabackgroundincomputerscience.(他有計算機科學背景。)6.Belief[b??li?f]

名詞中文釋義:

信念，信仰，相信例句:Shehasastrongbeliefinthepowerofeducation.(她堅信教育的力量。)Hisreligiousbeliefswereveryimportanttohim.(他的宗教信仰對他來說很重要。)同義詞:faith,conviction,trust反義詞:disbelief,skepticism搭配:holdabelief,changeone'sbeliefs拓展詞組:beliefsystem

信仰體系corebeliefs

核心信念易錯點撥:belief

比

faith

的范圍更廣，faith

通常指宗教信仰，而

belief

可以指任何方面的信念，包括對科學、政治或個人的信念。辨析例句:HehasfaithinGod.(他信仰上帝。)Shehasabeliefthathardworkleadstosuccess.(她相信努力工作會帶來成功。)7.Blind[bla?nd]

形容詞中文釋義:

瞎的，失明的；盲目的，看不清真相的例句:Theaccidentlefthimblindinoneeye.(事故導致他一只眼睛失明。)Hewasblindtoherfaults.(他對她的缺點視而不見。)同義詞:sightless,visionless,unaware反義詞:sighted,aware,perceptive搭配:beblindto,turnablindeyeto拓展詞組:blindspot

盲點blindfaith

盲目信仰易錯點撥:blind

除了指生理上的失明，也可比喻心理上的“盲目”，例如對事實視而不見或?qū)栴}缺乏認識。辨析例句:Heisblindandcannotsee.(他失明了，什么也看不見。)Sheisblindtotheconsequencesofheractions.(她對自己的行為后果視而不見。)8.Challenge['t??l?n?]

名詞中文釋義:

挑戰(zhàn)，難題；質(zhì)疑，懷疑例句:Raisingachildwithspecialneedsisachallenge.(撫養(yǎng)有特殊需求的孩子是一個挑戰(zhàn)。)Hechallengedthevalidityoftheexperiment.(他對實驗的有效性提出質(zhì)疑。)同義詞:difficulty,problem,task反義詞:ease,simplicity搭配:faceachallenge,overcomeachallenge,拓展詞組:challengeoneself

挑戰(zhàn)自我meetthechallenge

迎接挑戰(zhàn)易錯點撥:challenge

可以指外在的困難，例如工作或?qū)W習上的難題，也可以指內(nèi)心的自我挑戰(zhàn)，例如突破自我設(shè)限。9.Character['k?r?kt?(r)]

名詞中文釋義:

性格，品質(zhì)；特點，特性例句:Hehasastrongcharacterandisnoteasilyinfluencedbyothers.(他性格堅強，不容易受他人影響。)Themaincharacterinthenovelisacomplexandfascinatingindividual.(小說中的主角是一個復雜而迷人的人物。)同義詞:personality,nature,disposition反義詞:搭配:apersonofcharacter,astrong/weakcharacter拓展詞組:characterdevelopment

性格發(fā)展characterflaws

性格缺陷易錯點撥:character

比

personality

更強調(diào)道德品質(zhì)和價值觀，personality

更偏向于個體獨特的行為模式和心理特征。10.Choice[t???s]

名詞中文釋義:

選擇，抉擇；選擇權(quán)，選擇范圍例句:Shehadadifficultchoicetomake.(她要做一個艱難的選擇。)Wehaveawidechoiceofrestaurantsinthisarea.(這個地區(qū)有很多餐廳可供選擇。)同義詞:option,alternative,selection反義詞:搭配:makeachoice,havenochoice,awide/limitedchoice拓展詞組:choicebehavior

選擇行為freedomofchoice

選擇自由易錯點撥:choice

涉及心理決策過程，個體需要權(quán)衡利弊，并根據(jù)自身價值觀和目標做出選擇。11.Conceited[k?n'si?t?d]

形容詞中文釋義:

自負的，自大的，驕傲自滿的例句:Hewassoconceitedthathethoughthewasbetterthaneveryoneelse.(他太自負了，以為自己比所有人都強。)同義詞:arrogant,egotistical,vain反義詞:humble,modest,unassuming搭配:aconceitedperson,aconceitedattitude拓展詞組:haveaconceitedopinionofoneself

自視甚高易錯點撥:conceited

指過分自信或自大的心理狀態(tài)，通常帶有負面含義。12.Considerate[k?n?s?d?r?t]

形容詞中文釋義:

體貼的，考慮周到的例句:Itwasconsiderateofyoutooffertohelp.(你主動提出幫忙，真是體貼。)同義詞:thoughtful,kind,caring反義詞:inconsiderate,thoughtless,selfish搭配:beconsiderateof/towardssb.,aconsiderateperson拓展詞組:showconsiderationforothers

體諒他人易錯點撥:considerate

指能夠體諒他人感受和需求的心理品質(zhì)，是一種積極的品質(zhì)。13.Desire[d??za??(r)]

名詞中文釋義:

欲望，愿望；渴望例句:Hehasastrongdesiretosucceed.(他有著強烈的成功欲望。)Herdesiresweresimple:ahappyfamilyandacomfortablelife.(她的愿望很簡單：一個幸福的家庭和舒適的生活。)同義詞:wish,want,longing反義詞:aversion,dislike搭配:haveadesirefor,fulfilladesire拓展詞組:desireforknowledge

求知欲易錯點撥:desire

比

wish

的程度更強，wish

指一般的愿望，而

desire

則更強調(diào)強烈的渴望和追求。14.Determination[d??t??m??ne??n]

名詞中文釋義:

決心，毅力；決定，確定例句:Withdeterminationandhardwork,heachievedhisgoals.(憑借決心和努力，他實現(xiàn)了目標。)Thejuryreachedadeterminationofguilt.(陪審團做出了有罪的裁決。)同義詞:resolve,willpower,decision反義詞:indecision,hesitation搭配:showdetermination,makeadetermination拓展詞組:determinationtosucceed

成功的決心易錯點撥:determination

比

decision

更強調(diào)毅力和堅持，decision

指做出的選擇，而

determination

則更強調(diào)實現(xiàn)目標的決心和毅力。15.Discrimination[d?s?kr?m??ne??n]

名詞中文釋義:

歧視，區(qū)別對待例句:Racialdiscriminationisaseriousprobleminmanycountries.(種族歧視是許多國家面臨的嚴重問題。)Sheexperiencedgenderdiscriminationintheworkplace.(她在工作場所經(jīng)歷了性別歧視。)同義詞:prejudice,bias,bigotry反義詞:equality,fairness,justice搭配:discriminationagainst,racial/genderdiscrimination拓展詞組:fightagainstdiscrimination

反對歧視discriminationlaws

反歧視法易錯點撥:discrimination

指基于偏見而對某一群體不公平地對待，是一種負面的社會現(xiàn)象。16.Disturb[d??st??b]

動詞中文釋義:

打擾，使不安；弄亂例句:I'msorrytodisturbyou,butIhaveaquestion.(很抱歉打擾你，但我有一個問題。)Thenewsoftheaccidentdisturbedhergreatly.(事故的消息讓她非常不安。)同義詞:bother,interrupt,upset,disrupt反義詞:calm,soothe,comfort,reassure搭配:bedisturbedby,disturbsb.'speace拓展詞組:adisturbingthought

令人不安的想法feeldisturbed

感到不安易錯點撥:disturb

不僅指外在的干擾，例如噪音或打斷談話，也指內(nèi)心的不安和焦慮。17.Emergency[??m??d??nsi]

名詞中文釋義:

緊急情況，突發(fā)事件例句:Incaseofemergency,pleasecall911.(如果發(fā)生緊急情況，請撥打911。)Thehospitalhasaspecialunitforemergencies.(醫(yī)院有一個專門處理急診的部門。)同義詞:crisis,urgency,disaster反義詞:搭配:incaseofemergency,astateofemergency拓展詞組:emergencyservices

緊急服務(wù)emergencyresponse

應急響應易錯點撥:emergency

指需要立即采取行動的突發(fā)事件，通常會對個體心理狀態(tài)造成影響，例如產(chǎn)生焦慮、恐懼等情緒。18.Envy['envi]

動詞/名詞中文釋義:

嫉妒，羨慕例句:Sheenviedhersister'ssuccess.(她嫉妒姐姐的成功。)Hefeltapangofenvywhenhesawhisfriend'snewcar.(看到朋友的新車，他感到一陣嫉妒。)同義詞:jealousy,covetousness反義詞:admiration,contentment搭配:envysb.forsth.,befilledwithenvy拓展詞組:greenwithenvy

嫉妒得發(fā)狂易錯點撥:envy

和

jealousy

都有“嫉妒”的意思，但

envy

更強調(diào)對他人的優(yōu)勢或成就感到不滿，而

jealousy

則更強調(diào)對失去所愛之人的占有欲。辨析例句:Heenviedherwealth.(他嫉妒她的財富。)Shewasjealousofherboyfriend'sex-girlfriend.(她嫉妒男朋友的前女友。)19.Faith[fe?θ]

名詞中文釋義:

信仰，信念，信任例句:HehasfaithinGod.(他信仰上帝。)Shekeptthefaithdespiteallthechallenges.(盡管面臨種種挑戰(zhàn)，她仍然堅持信念。)同義詞:belief,trust,confidence反義詞:disbelief,doubt,skepticism搭配:havefaithin,keepthefaith拓展詞組:faithinhumanity

對人類的信任religiousfaith

宗教信仰易錯點撥:faith

通常指宗教信仰，也指對某事或某種觀點的堅信和執(zhí)著，強調(diào)不懷疑和不動搖。20.Fear[f??(r)]

名詞中文釋義:

害怕，恐懼；擔憂，擔心例句:Shehasafearofheights.(她有恐高癥。)Heexpressedhisfearsaboutthefuture.(他表達了對未來的擔憂。)同義詞:fright,terror,dread,anxiety反義詞:courage,bravery,fearlessness搭配:beafraidof,befilledwithfear,afearof拓展詞組:faceone'sfears

面對恐懼fearoffailure

害怕失敗易錯點撥:fear

比

afraid

的程度更強，指對危險或威脅的強烈情緒反應，可以是理性的，也可以是非理性的。21.Frustrate[fr??stre?t]

動詞中文釋義:

使沮喪，使灰心；使受挫例句:Theconstanttrafficjamsfrustratedher.(持續(xù)的交通堵塞讓她感到沮喪。)Hisattemptstofindajobwerefrustratedbyhislackofexperience.(由于缺乏經(jīng)驗，他找工作的努力受挫了。)同義詞:disappoint,discourage,thwart,hinder反義詞:satisfy,fulfill,please,gratify搭配:befrustratedby/with,feelfrustrated拓展詞組:frustrationtolerance

挫折承受力易錯點撥:frustrate

指個體在追求目標受阻時產(chǎn)生的消極情緒，例如失望、灰心或憤怒。22.Judgement['???m?nt]

名詞中文釋義:

判斷（力），評價；意見，看法；判決例句:Hehasgoodjudgementandisabletomakesounddecisions.(他判斷力強，能夠做出明智的決定。)Inmyjudgement,thisisthebestcourseofaction.(依我看來，這是最好的行動方案。)同義詞:discernment,wisdom,opinion,verdict反義詞:搭配:makeajudgement,havegood/poorjudgement拓展詞組:errorofjudgement

判斷失誤cloudone'sjudgement

影響判斷易錯點撥:judgement

指個體對事物進行分析和評估的能力，也指對某事的看法和評價，強調(diào)理性和客觀。23.Lonely['l??nli]

形容詞中文釋義:

孤獨的，寂寞的；荒涼的例句:Shefeltlonelyafterherhusbanddied.(丈夫去世后，她感到很孤獨。)Thehousestoodonalonelyhilltop.(房子坐落在一個荒涼的山頂上。)同義詞:solitary,isolated,alone,deserted反義詞:accompanied,sociable,lively搭配:feellonely,alonelyplace拓展詞組:sufferfromloneliness

遭受孤獨之苦易錯點撥:lonely

指個體缺乏社會聯(lián)系或感到被孤立的心理狀態(tài)，強調(diào)情感上的空虛和渴望陪伴。24.Nervous['n??v?s]

形容詞中文釋義:

緊張的，不安的；神經(jīng)的例句:Shewasnervousaboutthejobinterview.(她對工作面試感到緊張。)Hehadanervousbreakdownafterlosinghisjob.(失業(yè)后，他精神崩潰了。)同義詞:anxious,apprehensive,tense,stressed反義詞:calm,relaxed,composed,confident搭配:be/feelnervous,anervousperson拓展詞組:nervousenergy

緊張的精力nervoussystem

神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)易錯點撥:nervous

指個體感到焦慮和不安的狀態(tài)，程度比一般的

uneasy

更強烈，常伴隨著生理上的反應，例如心跳加速、出汗等。25.Occupation[??kju?pe??n]

名詞中文釋義:

職業(yè)，工作；占據(jù)，占領(lǐng)例句:Heroccupationisateacher.(她的職業(yè)是教師。)Thearmy'soccupationofthecitylastedforseveralmonths.(軍隊對這座城市的占領(lǐng)持續(xù)了幾個月。)同義詞:profession,job,career,work,employment反義詞:搭配:byoccupation,aperson'soccupation拓展詞組:occupationalhazards

職業(yè)危害occupationaltherapy

職業(yè)治療易錯點撥:occupation

指個人所從事的職業(yè)或工作，對個體心理狀態(tài)和身份認同有重要影響。26.Opinion[??p?nj?n]

名詞中文釋義:

意見，看法；評價，評估例句:Everyoneisentitledtotheirownopinion.(每個人都有權(quán)發(fā)表自己的意見。)Inmyopinion,thisisthebestsolution.(在我看來，這是最好的解決方案。)同義詞:view,belief,thought,idea反義詞:搭配:have/expressanopinion,changeone'sopinion拓展詞組:publicopinion

公眾輿論adifferenceofopinion

意見分歧易錯點撥:opinion

指個體對某事的看法和評價，可以是暫時的或不確定的，也可能受到他人的影響。27.Possess[p??zes]

動詞中文釋義:

擁有，持有；支配，控制例句:Hepossessesavastfortune.(他擁有巨額財富。)Shewaspossessedbyasuddenfear.(她突然被恐懼所控制。)同義詞:own,have,control,dominate反義詞:lack,lose搭配:possesssth.,bepossessedby/of拓展詞組:possessgreatcourage

擁有巨大的勇氣易錯點撥:possess

除了指擁有物質(zhì)或抽象的事物，也可指被某種思想或情緒所控制的心理狀態(tài)。28.Shame[?e?m]

名詞中文釋義:

羞恥，羞愧；恥辱，丟臉的事例句:Shefeltashamedofherbehavior.(她為自己的行為感到羞愧。)Hisactionsbroughtshameonhisfamily.(他的行為給他的家庭帶來了恥辱。)同義詞:guilt,disgrace,humiliation反義詞:pride,honor搭配:feelashamed,beashamedof拓展詞組:asenseofshame

羞恥感易錯點撥:shame

指個體因自身行為或經(jīng)歷而產(chǎn)生的負面情緒，例如做錯事后的愧疚感或經(jīng)歷失敗后的恥辱感。29.Stress[stres]

名詞中文釋義:

壓力，緊張；重音，強調(diào)例句:Heisunderalotofstressatwork.(他在工作中承受著很大的壓力。)Thespeakerputstressontheimportanceofeducation.(演講者強調(diào)了教育的重要性。)同義詞:pressure,tension,strain,emphasis反義詞:relaxation,calmness搭配:beunderstress,causestress,stressmanagement拓展詞組:stressfulsituation

壓力大的情況copewithstress

應對壓力易錯點撥:stress

指個體對外部環(huán)境或內(nèi)部需求產(chǎn)生的緊張反應，可以是生理上的，例如心跳加速、血壓升高，也可以是心理上的，例如焦慮、擔憂等。30.Suffer['s?f?]

動詞中文釋義:

遭受，經(jīng)歷；忍受，容忍；患病例句:Manypeoplesufferedduringthewar.(戰(zhàn)爭期間，許多人遭受了苦難。)Hesuffersfromchronicpain.(他患有慢性疼痛。)同義詞:experience,endure,tolerate,undergo反義詞:enjoy,thrive搭配:sufferfrom,sufferaloss,sufferpain拓展詞組:sufferinsilence

默默忍受易錯點撥:suffer

指經(jīng)歷痛苦或不幸，會對個體心理狀態(tài)造成負面影響，例如導致悲傷、焦慮或創(chuàng)傷等。31.Suspect[s??spekt]

動詞/名詞中文釋義:(動詞)懷疑，猜疑；(名詞)嫌疑犯例句:Thepolicesuspectthatheisinvolvedinthecrime.(警方懷疑他參與了犯罪。)Thesuspectwasarrestedandquestioned.(嫌疑人被逮捕并接受訊問。)同義詞:(動詞)doubt,mistrust,question;(名詞)accused,suspect反義詞:(動詞)trust,believe搭配:(動詞)suspectsb.ofsth.,suspectthat...拓展詞組:undersuspicion

受到懷疑aprimesuspect

主要嫌疑人易錯點撥:suspect

指對某事或某人產(chǎn)生不信任或不確定的心理狀態(tài)，通?；谝恍┳C據(jù)或線索，但尚未得到證實。辨析例句:Idoubtwhetherheistellingthetruth.(我懷疑他是否在說實話。)-

表示不確定Isuspectthatheisthethief.(我懷疑他是小偷。)-

表示懷疑某人有罪練習：一、選擇填空

(10題)Thechildwas_________(frighten)bytheloudnoiseandstartedtocry.Afteryearsofhardwork,

shefinally_________(achieve)herdreamofbecomingadoctor.I_________(apologize)forbeinglate,butthetrafficwasterrible._________(accord)totheresearch,meditationcanhelpreducestressandanxiety.Sheisavery_________(ambition)personandalwayssetshighgoalsforherself.Hewas_________(anger)bytheunfairtreatmenthereceived.I_________(admire)hercourageanddetermination.The_________(arrive)oftheguestscreatedalivelyatmosphere.She_________(attempt)tosolvethepuzzle,butitwastoodifficult.He_________(admit)thathehadmadeamistake.二、用所給詞的適當形式填空

(10題)Theteacherwasvery_________(patience)withtheslowlearners.The_________(destroy)oftherainforestisaseriousenvironmentalproblem.He_________(eventual)foundajobthatheenjoyed.Sheis_________(anxiety)aboutherupcomingpresentation.Themoviewas_________(enjoy)andthought-provoking.Heisa_________(skill)carpenterandcanbuildanything.Thechildrenwere_________(excite)aboutgoingtothezoo.He_________(decision)toquithisjobandstarthisownbusiness.She_________(application)forascholarshiptostudyabroad.Thescientistmadeseveralimportant_________(discover).三、完成句子

(10題)我對她的慷慨感到驚訝。Iwas__________________hergenerosity.他因粗心而受到懲罰。Hewas__________________hiscarelessness.我盡力讓她改變主意。Imadeevery_________to_________hermind.他們對這個問題意見一致。Theyarein__________________thisissue.他渴望得到父母的認可。Heis__________________hisparents'approval.這消息使我們大家都很震驚。Thenews_________usall.她把一生都奉獻給了教育事業(yè)。She_________herlife_________education.他因勇敢而受到嘉獎。Hewas_________forhis_________.這個項目需要巨大的努力。Thisproject__________________effort.她為遲到找了個借口。Shemadean_________forbeinglate.四、翻譯句子

(5題)他對她的美貌著迷了。他們正在努力建設(shè)一個和諧社會。這次會議旨在加強兩國關(guān)系。他沒有時間和金錢進行長途旅行。如果你遵照醫(yī)生的建議，很快就會康復。五、閱讀理解（一）Bullyingisapervasiveprobleminschoolsworldwide,withdevastatingconsequencesforvictims.Itcantakevariousforms,includingphysicalaggression,verbalabuse,socialexclusion,andcyberbullying.Theeffectsofbullyingcanbelong-lasting,leadingtoanxiety,depression,lowself-esteem,andevensuicidalthoughts.Researchsuggeststhatbulliesoftencomefromtroubledbackgroundsandmayhaveexperiencedabuseorneglectthemselves.Theymayalsostrugglewithlowself-esteemandusebullyingasawaytogainpowerandcontrol.Victimsofbullying,ontheotherhand,tendtobeperceivedasdifferentorweakerthantheirpeers.Schoolsplayacrucialroleinpreventingandaddressingbullying.Implementinganti-bullyingprograms,creatingapositiveschoolclimate,andfosteringempathyandrespectamongstudentsareallessentialsteps.Itisalsoimportantforschoolstohaveclearpoliciesandproceduresforreportingandrespondingtobullyingincidents.Parentsandcaregiversalsohavearesponsibilitytotalktotheirchildrenaboutbullying.Opencommunicationandsupportiverelationshipscanhelpchildrenfeelcomfortableconfidinginadultsiftheyarebeingbullied.Teachingchildrenassertivenessskillsandencouragingthemtostandupforthemselvesandotherscanalsobehelpful.Addressingtheproblemofbullyingrequiresacomprehensiveapproachthatinvolvesschools,families,andcommunities.Byworkingtogether,wecancreateasafeandsupportiveenvironmentforallchildren.1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?(A)Bullyingisacomplexissuewithmultiplecauses.(B)Schoolsareprimarilyresponsibleforaddressingbullying.(C)Victimsofbullyingoftensufferfromlong-termpsychologicalproblems.(D)Parentsshouldteachtheirchildrentofightbackagainstbullies.2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacommonformofbullyingmentionedinthepassage?(A)Physicalaggression(B)Verbalabuse(C)Academicpressure(D)Socialexclusion3.Accordingtothepassage,bulliesoften:(A)comefromwealthyfamilies.(B)havehighself-esteem.(C)arepopularamongtheirpeers.(D)mayhaveexperiencedabusethemselves.4.Schoolscanhelppreventbullyingby:(A)expellingbullies.(B)ignoringbullyingincidents.(C)creatingapositiveschoolclimate.(D)encouragingcompetitionamongstudents.5.Thepassagesuggeststhatparentsshould:(A)teachtheirchildrentoavoidbullies.(B)punishtheirchildreniftheyarebullied.(C)talktotheirchildrenaboutbullying.(D)blameschoolsforbullyingproblems.（二）Thetransitionfromcollegetotheworkforcecanbeachallengingandstressfultimeforyoungadults.Withincreasingcompetitioninthejobmarket,manygraduatesfaceuncertaintyandanxietyabouttheirfuturecareers.Thepressuretofindagoodjob,payoffstudentloans,andmeetsocietalexpectationscantakeatollontheirmentalhealthandwell-being.Oneofthemainsourcesofstressforcollegegraduatesistheuncertaintyofthejobsearchprocess.Thecompetitionforentry-levelpositionsisfierce,andmanygraduatessendoutcountlessresumesandcoverletterswithlittlesuccess.Thefeelingofrejectionandthefearoffailurecanbeoverwhelming.Financialconcernsalsocontributetothestressofjobhunting.Manygraduateshaveaccumulatedsignificantstudentloandebt,andthepressuretostartearningalivingcanbeimmense.Therisingcostoflivingandthedifficultyoffindingaffordablehousingaddtotheirfinancialburdens.Despitethechallenges,therearealsoreasonsforhope.Manycollegesanduniversitiesoffercareerservicestohelpstudentswiththeirjobsearch.Theseservicesmayincluderesumeandcoverletterwritingworkshops,interviewpreparation,andnetworkingopportunities.Additionally,governmentprogramsandnon-profitorganizationsprovidesupportandresourcesforjobseekers.Itisimportantforcollegegraduatestostaypositiveandfocusedduringtheirjobsearch.Buildingastrongnetwork,developingvaluableskills,andseekingsupportfromfamily,friends,andcareercounselorscanincreasetheirchancesofsuccess.Remember,thetransitionfromcollegetotheworkforceisajourney,notadestination.1.Whatisthemainfocusofthepassage?(A)Thechallengesfacedbycollegegraduatesinthejobmarket.(B)Thebenefitsofattendingcollege.(C)Theroleofgovernmentinjobcreation.(D)Thefutureofthejobmarket.2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisamajorsourceofstressforcollegegraduates?(A)Thecostofcollegetuition.(B)Theuncertaintyofthejobsearchprocess.(C)Thepressuretogetmarried.(D)Thedifficultyoffindingroommates.3.Thepassagementionsthatfinancialconcerns:(A)arenotasignificantsourceofstressforgraduates.(B)canbeeasilyresolvedwithapart-timejob.(C)contributetothestressofjobhunting.(D)areprimarilycausedbycreditcarddebt.4.Thepassagesuggeststhatcollegesanduniversitiescanhelpgraduatesby:(A)offeringthemhigh-payingjobs.(B)providingcareerservices.(C)payingofftheirstudentloans.(D)findingthemroommates.5.Whatadvicedoesthepassageoffertocollegegraduates?(A)Giveupontheirjobsearch.(B)Movebackinwiththeirparents.(C)Staypositiveandfocused.(D)Avoidnetworkingevents.（三）Thepressuretosucceedacademicallyisasignificantsourceofstressformanyhighschoolstudents.Withcollegeadmissionsbecomingincreasinglycompetitive,studentsfeeltheneedtoexcelintheircoursework,standardizedtests,andextracurricularactivities.Theconstantpressuretoachievehighgrades,coupledwiththefearoffailure,canleadtoanxiety,sleepdeprivation,andburnout.Oneofthemainfactorscontributingtoacademicstressisthehigh-stakesnatureofcollegeadmissions.Studentsbelievethattheirfuturesuccessdependsongettingintoatopuniversity,andtheyfeelimmensepressuretoimpressadmissionscommittees.Thispressurecanleadtounhealthycompetitionamongpeersandafocusongradesratherthanlearning.Anothersourceofstressisthesheervolumeofacademicwork.Highschoolstudentsoftenhaveaheavyworkload,withmultipleclasses,homeworkassignments,andextracurricularactivities.Balancingthesedemandscanbechallenging,andmanystudentsfeeloverwhelmedandexhausted.Thepressuretosucceedacademicallycanalsocomefromparentsandteachers.Whiletheirintentionsmaybegood,highexpectationsandconstantcomparisonswithpeerscancreateadditionalstressforstudents.Itisimportantforparentsandteacherstobesupportiveandunderstanding,andtofocusoneffortandprogressratherthanjustoutcomes.Highschoolstudentsneedtodevelophealthycopingmechanismsfordealingwithacademicstress.Timemanagementskills,relaxationtechniques,andasupportivesocialnetworkcanallbehelpful.Itisalsoimportantforstudentstoprioritizetheirphysicalandmentalhealthbygettingenoughsleep,eatingahealthydiet,andengaginginregularexercise.Remember,academicsuccessisimportant,butitshouldnotcomeattheexpenseofyourwell-being.1.Whatisthecentralthemeofthepassage?(A)Thebenefitsofattendingatopuniversity.(B)Thecausesandconsequencesofacademicstressamonghighschoolstudents.(C)Theimportanceofextracurricularactivities.(D)Theroleoftechnologyineducation.2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisamajorcontributortoacademicstress?(A)Thelackofextracurricularactivities.(B)Thehigh-stakesnatureofcollegeadmissions.(C)Theeasyavailabilityofonlinegames.(D)Thelackofsupportfromteachers.3.Thepassagesuggeststhatparentsandteachersshould:(A)comparestudentswiththeirpeers.(B)focusongradesratherthaneffort.(C)besupportiveandunderstanding.(D)increasestudents'workload.4.Highschoolstudentscancopewithacademicstressby:(A)droppingoutofschool.(B)avoidingextracurricularactivities.(C)developinghealthycopingmechanisms.(D)ignoringtheirmentalhealth.5.Thepassageemphasizesthat:(A)academicsuccessisthemostimportantthinginlife.(B)studentsshouldnotworryaboutcollegeadmissions.(C)academicsuccessshouldnotcomeattheexpenseofwell-being.(D)extracurricularactivitiesareawasteoftime.參考答案：一、選擇填空frightened:

過去分詞作表語，表示“感到害怕的”。achieved:

過去式動詞，表示“實現(xiàn)了”。apologize:

現(xiàn)在時動詞，表示“道歉”。According:

固定搭配

"accordingto"

表示“根據(jù)”。ambitious:

形容詞作表語，表示“有雄心壯志的”。angered:

過去分詞作表語，表示“感到憤怒的”。admire:

現(xiàn)在時動詞，表示“欽佩”。arrival:

名詞作主語，表示“到來”。attempted:

過去式動詞，表示“嘗試”。admitted:

過去式動詞，表示“承認”。二、用所給詞的適當形式填空patient:

形容詞作表語，表示“有耐心的”。destruction:

名詞作主語，表示“破壞”。eventually:

副詞修飾動詞

found，表示“最終”。anxious:

形容詞作表語，表示“焦慮的”。enjoyable:

形容詞作表語，表示“令人愉快的”。skilled:

形容詞作定語，表示“熟練的”。excited:

過去分詞作表語，表示“感到興奮的”。decided:

過去式動詞，表示“決定”。applied:

過去式動詞，表示“申請”。discoveries:

名詞作賓語，表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)”。三、完成句子amazedat:

固定搭配，表示“對…感到驚訝”。punishedfor:

固定搭配，表示“因…受到懲罰”。effort,change:

固定搭配

"makeaneffort"

表示“努力”，動詞不定式作賓語補足語。agreementon:

固定搭配，表示“對…意見一致”。eagerfor:

固定搭配，表示“渴望”。shocked:

過去式動詞，表示“使震驚”。devoted,to:

固定搭配

"devote...to"

表示“奉獻…給…”。rewarded,bravery:

固定搭配，表示“因…而受到獎勵”。requires,enormous:

動詞

require

后接名詞作賓語，表示“需要”。excuse:

名詞作賓語，表示“借口”。四、翻譯句子Hewascaptivatedbyherbeauty.Theyarestrivingtobuildaharmonioussociety.Themeetingwasaimedatstrengtheningthebondbetweenthetwocountries.Hecannotaffordthetimeandmoneyforalongjourney.Ifyoufollowthedoctor'sadvice,youwillsoonrecover.五、閱讀理解（一）關(guān)于校園霸凌(A)Bullyingisacomplexissuewithmultiplecauses.原文定位:

文章開頭第一句話就指出“Bullyingisapervasiveprobleminschoolsworldwide,withdevastatingconsequencesforvictims.”

(霸凌是一個普遍存在且對受害者造成毀滅性后果的問題)

隨后文章分別闡述了霸凌的不同形式、受害者遭受的影響，以及霸凌者和受害者的心理狀態(tài)，進一步說明霸凌問題的復雜性。(C)Academicpressure原文定位:

第二段第一句列舉了常見的霸凌形式“Itcantakevariousforms,includingphysicalaggression,verbalabuse,socialexclusion,andcyberbullying.”

(它可以采取多種形式，包括肢體攻擊、言語虐待、社交排斥和網(wǎng)絡(luò)霸凌)

學業(yè)壓力并非文中提到的霸凌形式。(D)mayhaveexperiencedabusethemselves.原文定位:

第三段第二句提到“Researchsuggeststhatbulliesoftencomefromtroubledbackgroundsandmayhaveexperiencedabuseorneglectthemselves.”

(研究表明霸凌者自身可能經(jīng)歷過虐待或忽視)(C)creatingapositiveschoolclimate.原文定位:

第四段第二句指出“Implementinganti-bullyingprograms,creatingapositiveschoolclimate,andfosteringempathyandrespectamongstudentsareallessentialsteps.”

(實施反霸凌計劃、營造積極的學校氛圍以及培養(yǎng)學生之間的同理心和尊重都是必不可少的步驟)(C)talktotheirchildrenaboutbullying.原文定位:

第五段第二句提到“Opencommunicationandsupportiverelationshipscanhelpchildrenfeelcomfortableconfidinginadultsiftheyarebeingbullied.”

(開放的溝通和支持性的關(guān)系可以幫助孩子在受到霸凌時更愿意向成人傾訴)（二）關(guān)于大學畢業(yè)生就業(yè)(A)Thechallengesfacedbycollegegraduatesinthejobmarket.原文定位:

文章第一段指出“Thetransitionfromcollegetotheworkforcecanbeachallengingandstressfultimeforyoungadults.”

(從大學到職場的過渡對年輕人來說可能是充滿挑戰(zhàn)和壓力的時期)

隨后文章詳細描述了大學畢業(yè)生在就業(yè)市場上面臨的各種挑戰(zhàn)，包括求職過程的不確定性、經(jīng)濟壓力以及心理健康問題。(B)Theuncertaintyofthejobsearchprocess.原文定位:

第二段指出“Oneofthemainsourcesofstressforcollegegraduatesistheuncertaintyofthejobsearchprocess.”

(大學畢業(yè)生壓力的主要來源之一是求職過程的不確定性)

隨后進一步描述了激烈的競爭和不斷的拒絕帶來的壓力。(C)contributetothestressofjobhunting.原文定位:

第三段提到“Financialconcernsalsocontributetothestressofjobhunting.”

(經(jīng)濟壓力也增加了求職的壓力)

并解釋了學生貸款債務(wù)、生活成本和住房負擔帶來的壓力。(B)providingcareerservices.原文定位:

第四段提到“Manycollegesanduniversitiesoffercareerservicestohelpstudentswiththeirjobsearch.”

(許多高校提供職業(yè)服務(wù)來幫助學生求職)

并列舉了簡歷和求職信寫作工作坊、面試準備和社交機會等服務(wù)。(C)Staypositiveandfocused.原文定位:

第五段建議“Itisimportantforcollegegraduatestostaypositiveandfocusedduringtheirjobsearch.”

(大學畢業(yè)生在求職過程中保持積極和專注是很重要的)

并提供了其他建議，例如建立人際網(wǎng)絡(luò)、發(fā)展技能和尋求支持。（三）關(guān)于學業(yè)壓力(B)Thecausesandconsequencesofacademicstressamonghighschoolstudents.原文定位:

文章第一段指出“Thepressuretosucceedacademicallyisasignificantsourceofstressformanyhighschoolstudents.”

(學業(yè)成功的壓力是許多高中生壓力的重要來源)

隨后文章分析了學業(yè)壓力的原因和后果，包括大學錄取的競爭壓力、繁重的學業(yè)負擔、家長和老師的期望等。(B)Thehigh-stakesnatureofcollegeadmissions.原文定位:

第二段指出“Oneofthemainfactorscontributingtoacademicstressisthehigh-stakesnatureofcollegeadmissions.”

(導致學業(yè)壓力的主要因素之一是大學錄取競爭激烈)

并解釋了學生對進入頂尖大學的渴望和對招生委員會的壓力。(C)besupportiveandunderstanding.原文定位:

第四段最后一句提到“Itisimportantforparentsandteacherstobesupportiveandunderstanding,andtofocusoneffortandprogressratherthanjustoutcomes.”

(家長和老師應該給予學生支持和理解，關(guān)注學生的努力和進步，而不是只看重結(jié)果)(C)developinghealthycopingmechanisms.原文定位:

第五段建議“Highschoolstudentsneedtodevelophealthycopingmechanismsfordealingwithacademicstress.”

(高中生需要發(fā)展健康的應對機制來應對學業(yè)壓力)

并列舉了時間管理技巧、放松技巧和支持性的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)等方法。(C)academicsuccessshouldnotcomeattheexpenseofwell-being.原文定位:

文章最后一句強調(diào)“Remember,academicsuccessisimportant,butitshouldnotcomeattheexpenseofyourwell-being.”

(記住，學業(yè)成功固然重要，但不應以犧牲身心健康為代價)（交通安全類）單詞解析1.Traffic拼寫和音標：

traffic/?tr?f?k/詞性：

n.不可數(shù)名詞中文釋義：

交通例句：

Heavytrafficduringrushhourcancausedelaysandfrustrati