高級中學(xué)名校試題PAGEPAGE1黑龍江省牡丹江市名校協(xié)作體2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期3月月考英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)ATheChinese-builtStandardGaugeRailway(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)軌距鐵路)inKenyabasbeenwarmlywelcomedasafaster,saferalternativesinceitslaunch.The480-kilometerrailwayisthecountry’slargestbasicproject,connectingEastAfrica’slargestportcityofMombasaandthecapitalcityofNairobi.Hereisabriefintroduction.BoardingAnyliveanimals,batteriesandlightersaren’tallowedwhilefoodscanbetakenonboard.Foreignersareaskedtoproducepassportsbeforeentering.Carriageandseatnumbersareclearlymarkedontheticket,andthere’splentyofluggagestorageabovetheseats.Foods&DrinksAsmartlydressedattendantpassesbyoccasionallywithafoodanddrinkscart;onofferaresandwiches,snacks,softdrinks,tea,coffee,Kenyanbeerandasmallselectionofwine.Passengerscanalsoorderhotmealslikebeanorchickenstewwithchapati.PriceBright-colouredtrains,modernstationsanddeparturesontimeofferexcellentvalueformoney;onewayticketsareabout$25inFirstClassand$10inEconomyClass.Onthereturnjourneybookaleft-handseatsoyoucanwatchthesunsetoverMountKilimanjaro.WildlifepreservationMeasureshavebeenadoptedtohelppreservewildlife.Afristar,theoperatoroftheSGR,hastakenplentyofnoisereductionmeasuresontherailroad.ObedKirwa,atracktechnicalsupervisor,sayssoundbarriershavebeenfixedalongthewildlifepathwaystoreducedisturbancetotheanimalsandsoundabsorptionplates(吸音板)havebeenestablishedcloselowildlifehabitats.1.Whatareallowedwhileboarding?A.Pets. B.Foods. C.Batteries. D.Lighters.2.Howmuchdoyoupayforacheaperroundtrip?A.$20. B.$25. C.$35. D.$50.3.Wherehavesoundbarriersbeensetup?A.Atthemodernstations. B.Abovethecarriageseats.C.Onthestandardrailroad. D.Alongthewildlifepathways.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文介紹了中國在肯尼亞建造的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)軌距鐵路，重點突出了其作為更快、更安全的交通方式所受到的熱烈歡迎。文章從登車規(guī)定、餐飲服務(wù)、票價以及野生動物保護措施等方面，詳細描述了這條連接蒙巴薩和內(nèi)羅畢的480公里鐵路的特點和優(yōu)勢。【1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Boarding部分的句子“Anyliveanimals,batteriesandlightersaren’tallowedwhilefoodscanbetakenonboard.(任何活體動物、電池和打火機都不允許攜帶，而食物則可以帶上車。)”可知，上車時食物允許帶上車。故選B項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Price部分的句子“onewayticketsareabout$25inFirstClassand$10inEconomyClass.(單程票頭等艙約25美元，經(jīng)濟艙約10美元。)”可知，便宜一點的往返車票是10*2=20(美元)。故選A項。【3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Wildlifepreservation部分的句子“ObedKirwa,atracktechnicalsupervisor,sayssoundbarriershavebeenfixedalongthewildlifepathwaystoreducedisturbancetotheanimalsandsoundabsorptionplates(吸音板)havebeenestablishedcloselowildlifehabitats.(軌道技術(shù)主管ObedKirwa說，為了減少對動物的干擾，已經(jīng)在野生動物通道沿線安裝了隔音屏障，并在野生動物棲息地附近建立了吸聲板。)”可知，隔音屏障被設(shè)置在野生動物通道沿線。故選D項。BReportersrushedtofindRehanSujeewaStatonahandfulofyearsagowhennewsbrokethatasanitation(公共衛(wèi)生)workerhadbeenacceptedtoHarvardLawSchool.Theirvariousversionsofaself-madesuccessstorywentviral.Now,asStatonpreparestograduate,hewantstomakeonethingcrystalclear:Itwasn’tjusthim,butthepeoplearoundhimthatmadeitallpossibleinverydirectandsometimessurprisingways.“Iworkedforatrashcompany,wheremyco-workerstoldmethatIshouldgotocollegeinstead.Ihadabosswholetmeleaveworkandgotoschool.IhadacousinwhohelpedmestudyfortheLawSchoolAdmissionTest.Mybrotherdroppedoutofcollegetohelpwiththefamilyfinances.Mydadsacrificedalotforme.Icouldkeepgoingdownthislist.Igotlucky,butImadethemostofmyluck,”hesaid.FromearlyonStatonunderstoodtheinstabilityoflife.Heandhisbrotherwereraisedbytheirdad.Thefamilyofthreestruggledtomakeendsmeet.Afterhighschool,Statongotajobatatrashandrecyclingcompany.ItmotivatedhimtofindhiswaytotheUniversityofMarylandwhilecontinuingtowork.Statoncleanedgarbagecontainersandcollectedtrashfrom4a.m.until7a.m.,andafterthat,hewouldgotoclasses.ThedesireforabetterlifeforhimandhisfamilywasthemainreasonStatonappliedtolawschool.AtHarvardLawSchool,Statonfoundacommunityofprofessors,classmates,administratorsandstaffwhohelpedhimtogetthrough.Toshowhisgratitudetotheservicestaff,heraisedmoneytogive$100giftcertificatestoeachserviceworkerofHarvardLawSchoolandfounded“TheReciprocity(互助)Effect”tohonorothersuchworkersatuniversitiesandcorporateinstitutions.“Ididn’twanttochangeaftergoingtoLawSchool,”hesaid.“Theallure(誘惑)ishuge.Iwenttoworkinfancyplace.Imadecoolconnectionsandfriendships.ButIdon’twanttoforgetwhoIam.”4.WhatmadeStatonthefocusofreporters’attention?A.Hispopularityonsocialmedia. B.Hisjobasacleaner.C.HisadmissiontoHarvard. D.Hisdonationtoserviceworkers.5.Statonbelieveshissuccessisdueto__________.A.luck B.personaltalent C.others’help D.academicenvironment6.Statonrefusedtochangeafterlawschoolto__________.A.staytruetohimself B.avoidchallenges C.pleasehisfamily D.focusonwealth7.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Arisingtideliftsallboats. B.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.C.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm. D.Agratefulheartisabeginningofgreatness.【答案】4.C5.C6.A7.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，文章通過講述RehanSujeewaStaton從環(huán)衛(wèi)工人到被哈佛大學(xué)法學(xué)院錄取并即將畢業(yè)的勵志故事，展現(xiàn)了他的個人經(jīng)歷、周圍人的幫助以及他對生活的態(tài)度和感恩之心?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ReportersrushedtofindRehanSujeewaStatonahandfulofyearsagowhennewsbrokethatasanitation(公共衛(wèi)生)workerhadbeenacceptedtoHarvardLawSchool.(幾年前，當(dāng)一名環(huán)衛(wèi)工人被哈佛法學(xué)院錄取的消息傳出時，記者們爭先恐后地去找RehanSujeewaStaton。)”可知，RehanSujeewaStaton被哈佛大學(xué)錄取這一事件讓他成為了記者們關(guān)注的焦點。故選C。【5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Now,asStatonpreparestograduate,hewantstomakeonethingcrystalclear:Itwasn’tjusthim,butthepeoplearoundhimthatmadeitallpossibleinverydirectandsometimessurprisingways.(現(xiàn)在，在Staton即將畢業(yè)之際，他想澄清一件事：不僅僅是他自己，還有他周圍的人，他們以非常直接、有時甚至令人驚訝的方式，讓這一切成為可能。)”可知，Staton認為他的成功要歸功于別人的幫助。故選C?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Ididn’twanttochangeaftergoingtoLawSchool,”hesaid.“Theallure(誘惑)ishuge.Iwenttoworkinfancyplace.Imadecoolconnectionsandfriendships.ButIdon’twanttoforgetwhoIam.”(“上了法學(xué)院后，我不想改變，”他說?！罢T惑是巨大的。我去了一個高檔的地方工作。我建立了很酷的關(guān)系和友誼。但我不想忘記我是誰。”)”可知，RehanSujeewaStaton不想改變是因為他想忠于自己的出身和價值觀，即他想保持自己的本色。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Itwasn’tjusthim,butthepeoplearoundhimthatmadeitallpossibleinverydirectandsometimessurprisingways.(不僅僅是他，還有他周圍的人以非常直接、有時甚至令人驚訝的方式使這一切成為可能。)”以及文章第四段“Toshowhisgratitudetotheservicestaff,heraisedmoneytogive$100giftcertificatestoeachserviceworkerofHarvardLawSchoolandfounded“TheReciprocity(互助)Effect”tohonorothersuchworkersatuniversitiesandcorporateinstitutions.(為了表達他對服務(wù)人員的感激之情，他籌集資金，向哈佛法學(xué)院的每位服務(wù)人員發(fā)放了價值100美元的禮券，并創(chuàng)立了“互惠效應(yīng)”，以表彰大學(xué)和企業(yè)機構(gòu)的其他服務(wù)人員。)”可知，RehanSujeewaStaton的成功離不開他周圍人的幫助，并且他對這些幫助心懷感激，這體現(xiàn)了感恩的重要性，所以選項D“Agratefulheartisabeginningofgreatness.(感恩的心是偉大事業(yè)的開端。)”是我們從這個故事能學(xué)到的。故選D。CMyspacelaunchedinSeptember2003.FriendstergaveinspirationtothefoundersofMyspace,andthesocialnetworkofficiallywentliveonthewebinJanuary2004.Afteritsfirstmonthonline,overonemillionpeoplesignedup.ByNovember2004,thatnumbergrewto5million.By2006,MyspacewasvisitedmoretimesthanGoogleSearchandYahoo,becomingthemostvisitedwebsiteintheUnitedStates.InJuneofthatyear,Myspacewasreportedlyresponsiblefornearly80percentofallsocialmediatraffic.AsexplosiveasMyspacewas,itpaledincomparisontohowquicklyFacebookgrewintotheinternetgiantitistoday.InApril2008,bothFacebookandMyspaceattracted115millionuniqueglobalvisitorspermonth,withMyspacestillwinningintheU.S.alone.InDecember2008,Myspaceexperiencedpeak(頂峰)U.S.trafficwith75.9millionuniquevisitors.AsFacebookgrew,Myspacesustainaseriesofdownsizingandredesignsasittriedtoredefineitselfasasocialentertainmentnetwork.Itwasestimated(估價)inMarch2011thatthesitehaddroppedfromattracting95millionto63millionuniquevisitorswithinthepastyear.AlthoughseveralfactorstriggeredMyspace’sfall,oneargumentheldthatthecompanyneverfiguredouthowtoinnovatewellenoughtokeepupwiththecompetition.Officially,however,Myspaceisfarfromdead.Ifyougoto,you’llseethatitisverymuchstillalive,thoughithasmostlytransitionedawayfromsocialnetworkingtobecomeasiteforplanningmusicandentertainment.Asof2019,thesiteboastedover7millionmonthlyvisits.OnMyspace’sfrontpage,you’llfindavarietyofentertainmentnewsstoriesnotjustaboutmusic,butalsomovies,sports,food,andotherculturaltopics.Profilesarestillacentralfeatureofthesocialnetwork,butusersareencouragedtosharetheirownmusic,videos,photos,andevenconcertevents.8.HowlonghasittakenMyspacetobecomethemostvisitedwebsiteinAmericasinceitsestablishment?A.About2years. B.About3years.C.About5years. D.About8years.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sustain”meaninthesecondparagraph?A.adapted B.acquired C.challenged D.experienced10.WhatisoneofthemainreasonsforMyspace’failure?A.Lackofimprovement. B.Toomuchcompetition.C.Unclearbusinesspositioning. D.Cuttingdowntoomanyworkers.11.WhatdoesMyspacemainlyfeaturerightnow?A.Profiles. B.Socialnetworking.C.Entertainmentnews. D.Musicandentertainment.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.D【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了Myspace的興衰史，曾經(jīng)是美國訪問量最大的網(wǎng)站，Myspace由于缺乏創(chuàng)新，它的人氣輸給了Facebook，如今已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)型為一個以音樂和娛樂為主的網(wǎng)站。【8題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“MyspacelaunchedinSeptember2003.(Myspace成立于2003年9月。)”，“By2006,MyspacewasvisitedmoretimesthanGoogleSearchandYahoo,becomingthemostvisitedwebsiteintheUnitedStates.(到2006年，Myspace的訪問量超過了谷歌搜索和雅虎，成為美國訪問量最大的網(wǎng)站。)”可知，Myspace自2003年成立以來，花了約3年的時間才成為美國訪問量最大的網(wǎng)站。故選B項。【9題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“InDecember2008,Myspaceexperiencedpeak(頂峰)U.S.trafficwith75.9millionuniquevisitors.AsFacebookgrew,Myspacesustainaseriesofdownsizingandredesignsasittriedtoredefineitselfasasocialentertainmentnetwork.Itwasestimated(估價)inMarch2011thatthesitehaddroppedfromattracting95millionto63millionuniquevisitorswithinthepastyear.(2008年12月，Myspace在美國的訪問量達到峰值，達到75%。900萬獨立訪客。隨著Facebook的發(fā)展，Myspacesustain了一系列的精簡和重新設(shè)計，試圖將自己重新定義為一個社交娛樂網(wǎng)絡(luò)。據(jù)2011年3月的估計，在過去的一年里，該網(wǎng)站的獨立訪問量從9500萬下降到6300萬。)”可知，在Facebook崛起之后，Myspace的訪問量受到影響，所以Mysapce縮小規(guī)模，重新打造為社交娛樂網(wǎng)絡(luò)，sustain意為“遭受，經(jīng)受”，與experienced意思相近，故選D項。【10題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“AlthoughseveralfactorstriggeredMyspace’sfall,oneargumentheldthatthecompanyneverfiguredouthowtoinnovatewellenoughtokeepupwiththecompetition.(雖然有幾個因素導(dǎo)致了Myspace的衰落，但有一種觀點認為，該公司從未弄清楚如何進行足夠好的創(chuàng)新，以跟上競爭對手。)”可知，Myspace的衰落，其中一個原因是該公司從來沒有認識到如何使自身改善到足夠好，即創(chuàng)新不夠，其平臺缺乏改進。故選A項?！?1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句“OnMyspace’sfrontpage,you’llfindavarietyofentertainmentnewsstoriesnotjustaboutmusic,butalsomovies,sports,food,andotherculturaltopics.Profilesarestillacentralfeatureofthesocialnetwork,butusersareencouragedtosharetheirownmusic,videos,photos,andevenconcertevents.(在Myspace的首頁，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)各種各樣的娛樂新聞故事，不僅僅是音樂，還有電影、體育、美食和其他文化話題。個人資料仍然是社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的核心功能，但用戶被鼓勵分享他們自己的音樂、視頻、照片，甚至是音樂會活動。)”可知，如今的Myspace主要以音樂、娛樂為特色。故選D項。DTheorganicfoodshavegainedalotofpopularityastheyarebeingconsideredashealthierandtastier.Afairnumberofpeopleadvocatealarge-scaleshifttoorganicfarmingfromconventionalagriculture.Butthismightnotseemwell-founded.Sincethemid-19thcentury,conventionalindustrialagriculturehasbecomeincrediblyefficientonasimplelandtofoodbasis.Conventionalfarminggetsmoreandmorecroppersquarefootofland,whichcanmeanlesswildernessneedstobetransformedtofarmland.Tomakefarmingmoreefficient,conventionalagricultureusesasignificantamountofsyntheticfertilizereachyear,andallthatnitrogen(氮)enablesmuchfasterplantgrowth.However,thecostispaidinvastpolluteddeadzonesatthemonthsofmanyoftheworld’srivers,becausemuchofthenitrogenendsuprunningoffthesoilandintotheoceans.Thisalsomakesconventionalfarmingoneofthemajorthreatstotheenvironment.Toweakentheenvironmentalimpactofagriculture,improvesoilqualityaswellasproducehealthierfoods,somefarmershaveturnedtoorganicfarming.Environmentalistshavealsowelcomedorganicfoodasbetterfortheplanetthanthefoodproducedbyagriculturalcorporations.Organicpractices—refusingartificialfertilizersandchemicalpesticides—areconsideredfarmoresustainable.Salesoforganicfoodrose7.7%in2010,upto$26.7billion—andpeoplearemakingthosepurchasesfortheirmoralsensesasmuchastheirtongues.Yetanewmeta-analysisinNaturedoesthemathandcomestoahardconclusion:organicfarmingproduces25%fewercropsonaveragethanconventionalagriculture.Thisisdefinitelyadownsideoforganicfarming,especiallywhenglobalpopulationisstillgrowingrapidly.IntheNatureanalysis,scientistsperformedananalysisof66studiescomparingconventionalandorganicmethodsacross34differentcropspecies,fromfruitstograins.Theyfoundthatorganicfarmingdeliveredaloweroutputforeverycroptype,thoughthedifferencevariedwidely.Forcropslikefruittrees,organictrailed(落后于)conventionalagriculturebyjust5%.Yetformajorgraincropsandvegetables—allofwhichprovidetheworld’smaincalories—conventionalagricultureoutperformedorganicsbymorethan25%.Whatthatmeansisthatwhileorganicfarmingmaybemoresustainablethanconventionalagriculture,therearetrade-offs(此消彼長)witheach.Soanidealglobalagriculturesystemmayborrowthebestfrombothsystemsratherthanupholdingmerelyorganicorconventionalpractices.12.Whatdoweknowaboutconventionalfarming?A.Itproducesmorecropswithfewerfertilizers.B.Itachievesefficiencyatahugecosttotheenvironment.C.Ifoffersalong-termsolutiontoglobaldemandforfood.D.Itperformsfarbetterforeachcroptypethanorganicfarming.13.Whatdoestheauthormostprobablyagreewith?A.Employingorganicfarmingtoplantrice.B.Adoptingorganicpracticestogrowpotato.C.Usingconventionalmethodstoplantcabbage.D.Applyingconventionalfarmingtogrowapple.14.Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthispassage?CP:CentralPointP:PointSp:Sub-point(次要點)C:ConclusionA. B.C. D.15.What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Tocomparetwotypesoffarming.B.Tocriticizeconventionalagriculture.C.Todiscussthedevelopmentoffarming.D.Toargueforarealisticagriculturesystem.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述有機農(nóng)業(yè)越來越受歡迎，并比較了傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)和有機農(nóng)業(yè)各自的優(yōu)缺點，從而得出要取二者各自的優(yōu)點從而建立一個理想的全球農(nóng)業(yè)體系?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Tomakefarmingmoreefficient,conventionalagricultureusesasignificantamountofsyntheticfertilizereachyear,andallthatnitrogen(氮)enablesmuchfasterplantgrowth.However,thecostispaidinvastpolluteddeadzonesatthemonthsofmanyoftheworld’srivers,becausemuchofthenitrogenendsuprunningoffthesoilandintotheoceans.Thisalsomakesconventionalfarmingoneofthemajorthreatstotheenvironment.”(為了使農(nóng)耕更加高效，傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)每年使用大量的合成肥料，其中的氮能使植物更加快速的生長。然而，付出的代價就是數(shù)月里世界上的許多河流成為大面積的污染死區(qū)，因為大量的氮最終從土壤中流失，最終流進海洋。這就使得傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)成為對環(huán)境的主要威脅之一。)可知，傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)是以環(huán)境為代價來提高農(nóng)業(yè)效率的。故選B項?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Yetformajorgraincropsandvegetables—allofwhichprovidetheworld’smaincalories—conventionalagricultureoutperformedorganicsbymorethan25%.”(然而，對于提供世界主要熱量的主要糧食作物和蔬菜而言，傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)的表現(xiàn)比有機農(nóng)業(yè)高出25%以上。)可知，要種植谷物和蔬菜類的要選擇傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)。故選C項。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Theorganicfoodshavegainedalotofpopularityastheyarebeingconsideredashealthierandtastier.”(有機農(nóng)業(yè)受到了很多人的歡迎，被認為是更健康更美味。)可知，第一段提出中心論點。根據(jù)第二段“Sincethemid-19thcentury,conventionalindustrialagriculturehasbecomeincrediblyefficientonasimplelandtofoodbasis.(自19世紀(jì)中期以來，傳統(tǒng)的工業(yè)化農(nóng)業(yè)在簡單的土地到糧食的基礎(chǔ)上變得非常高效。)”和第三段“However,thecostispaidinvastpolluteddeadzonesatthemonthsofmanyoftheworld’srivers,becausemuchofthenitrogenendsuprunningoffthesoilandintotheoceans.Thisalsomakesconventionalfarmingoneofthemajorthreatstotheenvironment.(然而，在世界上許多河流的幾個月里，巨大的污染死區(qū)付出了代價，因為大部分氮最終會從土壤中流失到海洋中。這也使得傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)成為對環(huán)境的主要威脅之一。)”可知，第二段和第三段主要闡述傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)的利弊，為第二部分。根據(jù)第四段“Toweakentheenvironmentalimpactofagriculture,improvesoilqualityaswellasproducehealthierfoods,somefarmershaveturnedtoorganicfarming.(為了削弱農(nóng)業(yè)對環(huán)境的影響，改善土壤質(zhì)量，生產(chǎn)更健康的食品，一些農(nóng)民轉(zhuǎn)向了有機農(nóng)業(yè)。)”，第五段“Yetanewmeta-analysisinNaturedoesthemathandcomestoahardconclusion:organicfarmingproduces25%fewercropsonaveragethanconventionalagriculture.(然而，《自然》雜志上的一項新的薈萃分析計算得出了一個艱難的結(jié)論：有機農(nóng)業(yè)的作物產(chǎn)量平均比傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)少25%。)”可知，第四，五段主要是介紹有機農(nóng)業(yè)的利弊，為第三部分。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Soanidealglobalagriculturesystemmayborrowthebestfrombothsystemsratherthanupholdingmerelyorganicorconventionalpractices.”(所以一個理想的全球農(nóng)業(yè)系統(tǒng)可以借鑒這兩種系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)點而不是只是支持有機農(nóng)業(yè)或者只支持傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)。)可知，要吸收兩種農(nóng)業(yè)的優(yōu)點來建立一個理想的農(nóng)業(yè)系統(tǒng)。作者對全文做出總結(jié)，為最后一部分。故選A項?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Soanidealglobalagriculturesystemmayborrowthebestfrombothsystemsratherthanupholdingmerelyorganicorconventionalpractices.”(所以一個理想的全球農(nóng)業(yè)系統(tǒng)可以借鑒這兩種系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)點而不是只是支持有機農(nóng)業(yè)或者只支持傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)。)可知，作者為了提出一個更加理想的農(nóng)業(yè)系統(tǒng)。故選D項。第二節(jié)七選五(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)SignalforhelpinthewildHavingmultipleeffectivewaystosignalforhelpcanmakeallthedifferenceinasurvivalsituationwhereoutsidehelpisguaranteed.Signalingisoneofthemostunder-practicedandunder-emphasizedskillsetsinoursurvival,andit’sabouttimewetookitmoreseriously.____16____Cellphoneusedforsignaling.Inareaswhereserviceisavailable,yourcallforhelpcanbemadetotheexactrightpeopleandvastamountsofinformationcanbeconveyed.____17____Ifyou’llbespendingtimeinanareawithoutcellservice,considerbuying(orrenting)asatellitephone,whichwillallowyoutomakeacallfromanywhereonearth.Signalwhistle.Thehumblewhistleisafinepieceofsignalgearforshort-rangeaudiblesignaling.Threeblastsofawhistlearegenerallyinterpretedasauniversalsignalfordistress.____18____Also,selectwhistlesthatareattachedtoringstopreventloss.Blowthewhistleinblastsofthreeandtostayinonespotuntilhelparrives.Signalmirror.Asignalmirrorisoneofthefurthestreaching,non-electronicsignalmethods.Properlyaimed,asignalmirrorcanshineabeamofdaylightupto10miles,creatingaflashoflightthatcancatchtheattentionofdistantaircraft,watercraft,vehicles,orpersonsonfoot.PurchaseamirrorwithasightinglensandsweepthemirrorVERYslowlyrighttoleftandupanddown.____19____Signalflag.Flagshavebeenusedforsignalingforthousandsofyears.Andwhiletherearecommerciallyavailablesignalflags,youalsocancreateyourown.Abrightlycoloredorcontrastingcoloredgarmenttiedtoastickservesasaquickflag.____20____Yourhomemadeflagcouldbevirtuallyanyshape,solongasitisalargepanelofmaterialthatdoesn’tblendintothesurroundings.Flagscanalsobelaidoutonthegroundforground-to-airsignaling.A.Butinmostcases,signalingwithawhistlemakeslittledifference.B.Selectbrightlycoloredwhistles,whichareeasytospotifdropped.C.Whileinareaswithaweakersignal,trysendingoutatextmessage.D.Aspaceblanketandotherreflectivematerialmakesanexcellentflagaswell.E.Thisshouldsweepthebeamacrossyourtargetandhopefullygetsomeone’sattention.F.Followmyleadandlearnhowtoassistinyourownrescuewithoursignalingmethods.G.Here’ssomepracticaladviceforyoutofollowifyouarereallyatalossaboutvarioussignals.【答案】16.F17.C18.B19.E20.D【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章介紹了在野外如何發(fā)出求救信號的幾種有效方法。【16題詳析】分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，第一段是全文的開篇，結(jié)合空前“Havingmultipleeffectivewaystosignalforhelpcanmakeallthedifferenceinasurvivalsituationwhereoutsidehelpisguaranteed.Signalingisoneofthemostunder-practicedandunder-emphasizedskillsetsinoursurvival,andit’sabouttimewetookitmoreseriously.(在保證外界幫助的生存情況下，擁有多種有效的求救信號會讓情況大不相同。信號是我們生存中最缺乏實踐和強調(diào)的技能之一，現(xiàn)在是我們更認真對待它的時候了。)可知，第一段介紹到野外如何發(fā)出求救信號的話題；由此可知，下文應(yīng)該講述種種方法，空處需用一個過渡句；結(jié)合選項可知，選項F.Followmyleadandlearnhowtoassistinyourownrescuewithoursignalingmethods.(按照我說的做，學(xué)習(xí)如何用我們的信號方法來幫助你自己的救援。)承上啟下，符合題意。故選F?！?7題詳析】由空前“Inareaswhereserviceisavailable,yourcallforhelpcanbemadetotheexactrightpeopleandvastamountsofinformationcanbeconveyed.(在有服務(wù)的地區(qū)，你的求助電話可以打給正確的人，大量的信息可以被傳達。)”可知，本段講述手機在服務(wù)區(qū)的求救情況；再結(jié)合下文“Ifyou’llbespendingtimeinanareawithoutcellservice,considerbuying(orrenting)asatellitephone,whichwillallowyoutomakeacallfromanywhereonearth.(如果你要在一個沒有手機服務(wù)的地區(qū)呆上一段時間，考慮購買(或租用)一部衛(wèi)星電話，它可以讓你從地球上的任何地方打電話。)可知，下文講述手機沒有信號的情況，上下文之間有轉(zhuǎn)折對比關(guān)系；結(jié)合選項可知，選項C.Whileinareaswithaweakersignal,trysendingoutatextmessage.(在信號較弱的地區(qū)，試著發(fā)短信。)承接前后句，過渡自然，符合題意。故選C?！?8題詳析】下文“Also,selectwhistlesthatareattachedtoringstopreventloss.(此外，選擇與戒指相連的哨子，以防止丟失。)”中指出了挑選口哨的注意事項；由此可知，空處談?wù)摰氖沁x擇哨子的事情；結(jié)合選項可知，選項B.Selectbrightlycoloredwhistles,whichareeasytospotifdropped.(選擇顏色鮮艷的哨子，如果掉在地上很容易被發(fā)現(xiàn)。)”與下文構(gòu)成邏輯上的順承關(guān)系，符合題意。故選B。【19題詳析】根據(jù)段首中心句“Signalmirror”可知，本段主要介紹用鏡子發(fā)射求救信號，空格前句子“PurchaseamirrorwithasightinglensandsweepthemirrorVERYslowlyrighttoleftandupanddown.(買一面帶有瞄準(zhǔn)鏡的鏡子，慢慢地從右到左上下掃視鏡子。)”可知，此處講的是鏡子的使用方法；結(jié)合選項可知，選項E.Thisshouldsweepthebeamacrossyourtargetandhopefullygetsomeone’sattention.(這應(yīng)該能把光束掃過你的目標(biāo)，希望能引起別人的注意。)，講述這么做的結(jié)果,符合文意。故選E?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)前文Abrightlycoloredorcontrastingcoloredgarmenttiedtoastickservesasaquickflag.(一件顏色鮮艷或顏色對比鮮明的衣服系在一根棍子上，用作旗子。)”可知，此處講述如何自制旗子；結(jié)合選項可知，選項D.Aspaceblanketandotherreflectivematerialmakesanexcellentflagaswell.(太空毯和其他反光材料也可以制成很好的旗幟。)在講述制作旗子的材料，前后文描述一致，符合題意。故選D。第三部分語言知識運用(共45分)第一節(jié)完型填空(共15小題，每題1分，滿分15分)IbelieveIhaveapersonaldutytomakeapositiveimpactonsociety.I’vetriedto____21____thisgoalbychoosingacareerinpublicservice.Asaphysiciandealingwiththechallengeofinfectiousdiseases,Iconsidermyjoba____22____,whichallowsmetohelpeasethesufferingofhumankind.Ihavethreeprinciplesto____23____mylife,whichIalwaysthinkabout.Firstly,Ihaveastrongthirstfor____24____,IthinkIwillneverknowasmuchasI____25____.Thisiswhatkeepsthe____26____ofknowledgehot.AnditiswhyIwoulddomyjobeverydayevenifIcannotgethighincome.Secondly,Ibelieveinfightingfor____27____,Isweatoverallthestuff,withoutfeeling____28____forit.Oneofthebyproductsofbeingaperfectionistisanxiety.Butthisanxietycreatesa____29____tensionthatdrivesmetofulfillmylimitedpotential.Thirdly,Ibelievethatmygoaltobeaphysicianisto_____30_____humankind.Ihavespentmy_____31_____onpublicservice.Mostofitinvolvedresearch,thecareof_____32_____andthepublichealthpolicyonAIDS.Ithink,tocontrolthisterribledisease_____33_____,Imustbeguidedbytheseprinciples:continuallythirstingforknowledge,acceptingnothing_____34_____ofexcellenceandknowingthatthe_____35_____ofsocietyismoreimportantthanmygains.21.A.accomplish B.ignore C.change D.find22.A.solution B.game C.program D.gift23.A.form B.check C.guide D.prove24.A.power B.knowledge C.adventure D.evidence25.A.want B.promise C.admit D.refuse26.A.necessity B.excuse C.recovery D.pursuit27.A.agreement B.balance C.excellence D.fairness28.A.embarrassed B.curious C.amused D.regretful29.A.common B.healthy C.serious D.harmful30.A.employ B.introduce C.unite D.serve31.A.reputation B.career C.doubt D.luck32.A.children B.elders C.patients D.students33.A.randomly B.occasionally C.successfully D.immediately34.A.full B.short C.worthy D.typical35.A.good B.standard C.variety D.arrival【答案】21.A22.D23.C24.B25.A26.D27.C28.D29.B30.D31.B32.C33.C34.B35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。本文作者是美國流行病專家福奇，是一位傳奇式人物：他淡泊名利、追求真知與卓越，一生致力于該病的防治。【21題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我通過選擇公共服務(wù)的職業(yè)努力達到這個目標(biāo)。A.accomplish達成；B.ignore忽視；C.change改變；D.find發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文“IbelieveIhaveapersonaldutytomakeapositiveimpactonsociety.(我相信我有責(zé)任對社會產(chǎn)生積極的影響。)”可推斷，作者想要對社會做出積極的影響，因此選擇公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)方面的職業(yè)來達成這個目標(biāo)。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名應(yīng)對傳染病挑戰(zhàn)的醫(yī)生，我認為我的工作是一份禮物，它使我能夠幫助減輕人類的痛苦。A.solution解決辦法；B.game游戲；C.program程序；節(jié)目；D.gift恩賜；禮物。根據(jù)下文“whichallowsmetohelpeasethesufferingofhumankind(能讓我?guī)椭鷾p輕人類的痛苦)”可知，作者的職業(yè)能夠減輕人類的痛苦，因此作者認為工作是禮物。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我有三個原則來指導(dǎo)我的生活，這是我總是考慮的。A.form形成；B.check檢查；C.guide指導(dǎo)；D.prove證明。根據(jù)下文“Imustbeguidedbytheseprinciples:”可知，作者一生堅持渴求真知、追求卓越及救死扶傷三大原則來指導(dǎo)自己的生活。故選C。【24題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：首先，我有強烈的求知欲，我想我永遠不會知道我想要的那么多。A.power權(quán)力；B.knowledge知識；C.adventure冒險；D.evidence證據(jù)。從后文的“Thisiswhatkeepsthe________ofknowledgehot.”可知，作者總是有很強的求知欲。故選B。【25題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.want想要；B.promise許諾；C.admit承認；D.refuse拒絕。根據(jù)上文“Ihaveastrongthirstfor________,IthinkIwillneverknowasmuchas”和下文“AnditiswhyIwoulddomyjobeverydayevenifIcannotgethighincome.”可知，作者有很強的求知欲，認為自己絕沒有知道想要的那么多的知識，需要不斷學(xué)習(xí)。故選A。【26題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是保持對知識追求熱情的原因。A.necessity必需品；B.excuse借口；C.recovery恢復(fù)；D.pursuit追求。結(jié)合上文和下文“AnditiswhyIwoulddomyjobeverydayevenifIcannotgethighincome.(這就是為什么即使我不能得到高收入，我也要每天做我的工作。)”可知作者每天學(xué)習(xí)，追求知識。故選D?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：其次，我相信追求卓越。A.agreement協(xié)議；B.balance平衡；C.excellence卓越；D.fairness公平。根據(jù)后文“Oneofthebyproductsofbeingaperfectionistisanxiety.”可知作者精益求精，追求卓越。故選C?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我為所有的事情流汗，但并不為此感到遺憾。A.embarrassed尷尬的；B.curious好奇的；C.amused覺得好笑的；D.regretful遺憾的；后悔的。根據(jù)上文“Isweatoverallthestuff”可知，作者為所有的事情流汗出力，但并不為此感到遺憾。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但這種焦慮產(chǎn)生了一種健康的緊張，驅(qū)使我發(fā)揮自己有限的潛能。A.common通常的；B.healthy健康的；C.serious嚴(yán)肅的；D.harmful有害的。根據(jù)后文“drivesmetofulfillmylimitedpotential”可知這種緊張感是健康的，故選B?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：第三，我認為我成為一名醫(yī)生的目標(biāo)是為人類服務(wù)。A.employ雇傭；B.introduce介紹；C.unite團結(jié)；D.serve服務(wù)。對應(yīng)上文“helpeasethesufferingofhumankind”可知，作者認為自己的職責(zé)是為人類服務(wù)，減輕痛苦。故選D?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的職業(yè)生涯都在為公眾服務(wù)。A.reputation名譽；B.career事業(yè)；C.doubt懷疑；D.luck運氣。根據(jù)上文“bychoosingacareerinpublicservice”和后文“onpublicservice”可知，作者的職業(yè)生涯是為公眾服務(wù)。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：其中大部分涉及關(guān)于艾滋病的研究、病人的護理和公共衛(wèi)生政策。A.children孩子；B.elders老人；C.patients病人；D.students學(xué)生。根據(jù)后文“andthepublichealthpolicyonAIDS”可知這里指對艾滋病病人的護理，故選C。【33題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我認為要成功地控制這種可怕的疾病，我必須以這些原則為指導(dǎo)：不斷渴求知識，不接受任何不卓越的東西，并知道社會的利益比我的收獲更重要。A.randomly隨機地；B.occasionally偶然；C.successfully成功地；D.immediately立即。根據(jù)上文“controlthisterribledisease”和下文“Imustbeguidedbytheseprinciples:continuallythirstingforknowledge…”可知，此處說的是成功控制艾滋病這種疾病。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查