2021-2022學(xué)年遼寧省葫蘆島市普通高中高二上學(xué)期期末學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題考生注意：1.試卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.本考試分設(shè)試卷和答題紙。試卷包括Ⅰ卷和Ⅱ卷兩部分。3.答題前，務(wù)必在答題紙上按要求填寫信息，并將核對(duì)后的條形碼貼在指定位置上。作答必須涂或?qū)懺诖痤}紙上，在試卷上作答一律不得分。Ⅰ卷部分的作答必須涂在答題紙上相應(yīng)的區(qū)域，Ⅱ卷部分的作答必須寫在答題紙上與試卷題號(hào)對(duì)應(yīng)的位置。第Ⅰ卷（三部分，共95分）第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atatailor’s.B.Atarestaurant.C.Ataclothesshop.2.Whydoesthewomanapologizetotheman?A.Shehasn’tbroughtthenovel.B.Shewasrudetotheman.C.Shearrivedlate.3.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A.Holdameeting.B.Seethemanager.C.Dosometranslation.4.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutherperformance?A.Satisfied.B.Disappointed.C.Worried.5.WhatdoweknowaboutMr.Butler?A.Healwaysspeaksloudly.B.Heisveryquiet.C.Healwayslookssleepy.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whenshouldthewomangettoherclass?A.At3:00.B.At3:15.C.At5:00.7.Whatwillthewomandoafterlunchtoday?A.Gotowork.B.Gotoclass.C.Gotothelibrary.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hesmokesalot.B.Hehasacold.C.Helosthisjob.9.Whatwillthemandotomorrow?A.Visitthewoman.B.Seeadoctor.C.Giveupsmoking.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Howdoesthefatherfeelonhearingabouttheperformance?AWorried.B.Pleased.C.Surprised.11.Whatcareerdoesthedaughterwanttostart?A.Acting.B.Teaching.C.Singing.12.Whatdoesthefatherthinkofthedaughter’sdecision?A.Heisagainstit.B.Hehasnoidea.C.Hestandsbyher.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthewoman’sproblem?A.HerMP4brokedown.B.Shehasapainintheneck.C.Sheisshortofmoney.14.WheredidthemangethisiPad?A.Fromacomputershop.B.FromanInternetshop.C.Fromasecond-handmarket.15.WhatdoesthemansuggestthewomandowithherMP4player?AThrowitaway.B.Repairit.C.Sellit.16.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Themanlikesreading.B.ThewomanmaybuyaniPad.C.ThemanhastwoiPads.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whichplacewillthetravelersvisitfirst?A.PigeonPoint.B.Aseasidecafe.C.Anice-creamfactory.18.Whatshouldthetravelersbring?A.Food.B.Medicine.C.Swimsuits.19.Wherecanthetouristsseetigersandmonkeys?A.Intheirhotel.B.Inthenaturepark.C.Onthebeach.20.Whatmaybringextracosts?A.Tipsfortheguide.B.Thelunch.C.Souvenirs(紀(jì)念品).第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ADrone（無(wú)人機(jī)）TrainingforRecreationalFlyersWhen:Saturday12December9a.m.to1p.mWebsite:www.drone-wise.com.AuWhere:HallACTCost:$285pp（perperson）Thisistheperfecttrainingcourseifyouplantobuyadronesoon.Bestofall,noexperienceisrequiredandthedroneswillbeprovided，soyoujustneedtobookonlineandcomealongontheday.ThetrainingcourseisheldatHallACT.The4-hourbeginnerscourseis$285.Thisincludeswrittenmaterial,useoftheDrone-wiseaircraftforflyingandmorningtea.Ifyouareunder18yearsofage,youwillneedtobeaccompaniedbyaparentorgrown-upfriendorrelative.Bookyourplacetodayatdrone-wise.com.au/our-training-courses.LedbyMartinBassandTimRobinson,commerciallyrateddronepilotswithconsiderableexperience,thistrainingcourseisachancetoget.BasicKnowledgeRecreationaldroneflyingandthelawRisksandhowtomanagethemFlyingenvironmentBasicFlyingSkillsPre-flightplanningandchecksAircrafthandlingskillsObstacleavoidanceYourInstructors:MartinBass.Martinisapilotwithover20-yearexperienceHeisalsoacommercialdronepilotandenjoysrecreationaldroneflyingaswell.Inhisotherroleasaconsultantandtrainertolocalgovernment,MartinisanexperiencededucatorandholdsanhonorarypositionwiththeUniversityofTimRobinson:Timisanexperiencedphotographeraswellasacommercialdronepilot.Hisphotosareaboutnatureandwildlife.TimisalsoanexperiencedadulteducatorandhaslecturedattheUniversityofTechnologySydneyandtheUniversityof1.Whatdoweknowaboutthistrainingcourse?A.itwilllastforanhour.B.Itrequiresexperienceofflyingdrones.C.Itaskspeopletopaymoreformorningtea.D.Adolescentsarenotallowedinwithnocompanion.2.Whatcanpeoplegetthroughthiscourse________.A.High-leveldroneflyingskills.B.Achancetobeacommercialdronepilot.C.Anunderstandingofdifferentaircrafttypes.D.Knowledgeofdealingwithrisksofdroneflying.3.WhatdoMartinBassandTimRobinsonnaveincommon?A.Theyworkatthesameuniversity.B.Theyareexperiencedinphotographing.C.Theyaregoodatcommercialdroneflying.D.Theypaymuchattentiontowildlifeprotection.【答案】1.D2.D3.C【解析】【分析】這是一則廣告。廣告中介紹了無(wú)人機(jī)的課程?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一部分中“Ifyouareunder18yearsofage,youwillneedtobeaccompaniedbyaparentorgrown-upfriendorrelative.”（如果你未滿18歲，你將需要父母或成年朋友或親戚的陪同。）可知，青少年若無(wú)人陪同將禁止參加，故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二部分中“BasicKnowledgeRecreationaldroneflyingandthelawRisksandhowtomanagethemFlyingenvironment”（基礎(chǔ)知識(shí):娛樂(lè)無(wú)人機(jī)飛行和法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和如何管理他們飛行環(huán)境）可知，通過(guò)這個(gè)課程，學(xué)生將學(xué)到處理無(wú)人機(jī)飛行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的知識(shí)，故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三部分“YourInstructors”中對(duì)兩位教練的描述：“Martinisapilotwithover20-yearexperienceHeisalsoacommercialdronepilotandenjoysrecreationaldroneflyingaswell.”（他是一名擁有超過(guò)20年經(jīng)驗(yàn)的飛行員，他也是一名商用無(wú)人機(jī)飛行員，也喜歡休閑無(wú)人機(jī)飛行。）“Timisanexperiencedphotographeraswellasacommercialdronepilot.”（蒂姆是一名經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的攝影師，也是一名商業(yè)無(wú)人機(jī)飛行員。）由此判斷，兩位都擅長(zhǎng)商用無(wú)人機(jī)飛行。故選C?！军c(diǎn)睛】BSittingstraightathisdesk,SamiSabeaallilturnsonthelights,placeshismobilephoneonaselfiestickandstartsgreetinghisviewers.“Hieveryone,thisisSami,”hesaysinChinese.“Iwillrecommendyousometoystonight…”Everyday,Samilivestreams(網(wǎng)絡(luò)直播)onDouyin(China’sdomesticversionofTikTok)foroneortwohours,promotinghistoystoChinesebuyers.BasedinYiwuCity,theworld’slargesttradingcenterfordailyconsumergoodsinEastChina’sZhejiangProvince,the22-year-oldsaidheislikelythefirstforeignertogetintolivestreamsellinginYiwuandtakeadvantageofChina’sskyrocketinge-commerceindustry.SamihasbeensellinghistoysonhisDouyinaccountsincelastJune.MostofhisvideosareabouthisproductsorshowhimhangingaroundYiwu’smarketsandcrackingjokes.ForavideohepublishedlastOctober,heinviteddozensofforeignersfromvariouscountriestoexpresstheirloveforChina,whichgotnearly30,000likes.AsayoungChinese-speakingforeigner,SamiattractsmuchattentiononChina’ssocialmedia.Henowhasonlyabout28,000followersonDouyinbuthisgoalistohave10millionfollowerswithintwoyears.TheCOVID-19pandemicisseverelyhittingtheeconomyofmanycountriesandhascausedgreatlossesamongYiwu’sproducersandsuppliers.SamidecidedtotrylivestreamingandlookformoreChinesedomesticbuyersviaDouyin.AsanownerofaYiwu-basedtoycompany,Samiusedtohavehalfofhisordersfromoverseas.However,overseasordershavenotbeensatisfactoryinthepastyear,soheisgraduallyshiftinghisbusinesstoChinesemarketastheepidemicsituationinChinahaslargelyimproved.AfewpotentialbuyershavereachedSamiandoneofthemboughtover100,000yuan($14,860)oftoysfromhim,whichSamidescribedas“agoodbeginning.”SamiisnottheonlyforeignerinYiwuinterestedinlivestreamingpromotion.AccordingtoYiwuIndustrialandCommercialThecollegeisofferingitsoverseasstudentscoursesonChina’slivestreamsellingmarket,whichincludehowtoattractmorefollowers,howtoselectsuitableproducts,howtointeractwithaudiencesandhowtoshootandeditshortvideos.4.WhydidSamistartlivestreaming?A.Toincreasethesalesofhistoys.B.Tobuildareputationinhisfield.C.TocatchupwiththeInternettrend.D.Tobethefirstforeignlivestreamer.5.WhatdoweknowaboutSami’svideosonDouyin?A.Theymadehimworldfamous.B.TheyshowedhisloveforChina.C.Theyattractedanumberoffollowers.D.Theyrecordedpeople’slivesinYiwu.6.WhatistheconsequenceofCOVID-19forSami?A.Hehascloseddownhistoycompany.B.Hisoverseasordersdecreasedbyhalf.CThenumberofhisfollowershasfallensharply.D.HemakeseffortstoattractmoreChinesebuyers.7.Whatisthefunctionofthelastparagraph?A.Toprovidebackgroundinformation.B.Tosummarizethepreviousparagraphs.C.Tointroduceanewtopicfordiscussion.D.Tocallonpeopletousemorelivestream.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章對(duì)一位外國(guó)抖音網(wǎng)紅進(jìn)行了報(bào)道?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Everyday,Samilivestreams(網(wǎng)絡(luò)直播)onDouyin(China’sdomesticversionofTikTok)foroneortwohours,promotinghistoystoChinesebuyers.”（薩米每天都會(huì)在抖音(中國(guó)版的TikTok)上直播一兩個(gè)小時(shí)，向中國(guó)買家推銷他的玩具。）可知，薩米開(kāi)始直播來(lái)增加他玩具的銷量。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Henowhasonlyabout28,000followersonDouyinbuthisgoalistohave10millionfollowerswithintwoyears.”（他現(xiàn)在在抖音上只有大約2.8萬(wàn)名粉絲，但他的目標(biāo)是在兩年內(nèi)擁有1000萬(wàn)名粉絲。）可知，薩米在抖音上的視頻吸引了大量粉絲。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第二句“SamidecidedtotrylivestreamingandlookformoreChinesedomesticbuyersviaDouyin.”（薩米決定嘗試直播，并通過(guò)抖音尋找更多的中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)買家。）可知，COVID-19對(duì)Sami的影響是他努力吸引更多的中國(guó)買家。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“ThecollegeisofferingitsoverseasstudentscoursesonChina’slivestreamsellingmarket,whichincludehowtoattractmorefollowers,howtoselectsuitableproducts,howtointeractwithaudiencesandhowtoshootandeditshortvideos.”（該學(xué)院正在中國(guó)的直播銷售市場(chǎng)上為海外學(xué)生提供課程，包括如何吸引更多的粉絲，如何選擇合適的產(chǎn)品，如何與觀眾互動(dòng)，以及如何拍攝和編輯短視頻。）可知，最后一段的內(nèi)容和Sami本身沒(méi)有太多關(guān)系，所以是為了提供背景信息。故選A。CMoreoftenthannot,wethinkthetasteoffoodislargelytodowiththeingredients(成分)andthewayit’scooked.However,accordingtoanewstudypublishedintheJournalofConsumerResearch,sittingandstandingalsoaffecthowweenjoyfood.Itturnsoutthatfoodtastesbetterwhenwe’resittingdown.LeadauthorDipayanBiswas,aprofessorfromtheUniversityofSouthFloridaintheUS,lookedspecificallyathowthevestibular(前庭的)sense,whichisresponsibleforbalance,postureandlocationawareness,workswithoursenseoftaste.Hefoundthatstandingforevenafewminutescausespeopletofeelphysicalstress.Thismakesourtastebuds(味蕾)lesssensitive.Gravitypushesbloodtothelowerpartsofthebody,causingthehearttoworkharder.Thisincreasestheheartrateandleadstoincreasedstresshormones(荷爾蒙).Allofthesereducesensorysensitivity,whichimpactstasteandflavor.Ourmouthscan’ttasteorfeeltemperatureaswellwhenthishappens.Whenpeopleexperiencediscomfort,foodsthatnormallytastegoodaren’taspleasing,saysScienceDaily.Biswasgave350participantseachapitachipandhadthemrateitstastiness.Thosewhostoodwhileeatinggaveitalowerratingthanthosewhosatincomfortablechairs.Next,Biswasandhisteamgaveparticipantsbite-sizedbrowniesfromawell-knownlocalrestaurant.Thesebrowniesarewidelyconsideredtobeverytasty.Thosewhosatdowntoeatratedthemhighly.However,whenthebakeraddedextrasalt,theresultswereopposite.Participantswhostooduptoeatthebrowniesdidn’tnoticethatthebrowniestastedsalter,whilethosewhowereseatedfoundthebrowniesweren’tsodelicious.Inaddition,theteamtestedposture’seffectsontemperatureperception(感知).Participantsweregivencupsofhotcoffee.Thosewhostoodupdidn’tthinkitwassohot.However,theydranklessthanthosesitting,suggestingonthatphysicalstressmayalsoimpactappetite(食欲).Soifyoureallywanttoenjoyyourmeal,trytofindyourselfacomfortableseat.Butifyou’retryingtoloseweight,eatingwhilestandingcouldbehelpfulbecausepeopletendtoeatlesswhilestanding.Plus,thephysicalstressofstandingmayburnmorecalories.8.Whatdidthenewstudyfindaboutourabilitytotastefood?A.Posturemayhaveaneffectonhowwetasteit.B.Thevestibularsenseislinkedwithourtongues.C.Stressmakesgoodfoodtastedisgusting.D.Hormonestellourtongueswhattastesgoodorbad.9.Whatcouldhappenwhenpeopleeatstandingup,accordingtothestudy?A.Itcouldleadtoalowerheartrate.B.Itcouldleadtoahigheramountofstresshormones.C.Theirmouthscouldbecomemoresensitivetotemperature.D.Theycouldbemoresatisfiedwiththefoodthanthosewhosittoeat.10.Whatdidtheresearchersintendtotestbyaddingextrasalttothebrownies?A.Whatflavorofbrownieswasbestreceived.B.Whystandingtoeatleadstoalowerratingoffood.C.Howpostureinfluencespeople’ssensorysensitivity.D.Howphysicalstressaffectspeople’sappetites.11.Whatistheauthorsattitudetowardthefindingofthestudy?A.Positive. B.Doubtful. C.Concerned. D.Uncaring.【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了根據(jù)發(fā)表在《消費(fèi)者研究雜志》上的一項(xiàng)新研究，坐和站也會(huì)影響我們享受食物的方式?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“accordingtoanewstudypublishedintheJournalofConsumerResearch,sittingandstandingalsoaffecthowweenjoyfood.”（根據(jù)發(fā)表在《消費(fèi)者研究雜志》上的一項(xiàng)新研究，坐和站也會(huì)影響我們享受食物的方式。）可知，姿勢(shì)可能會(huì)對(duì)我們品嘗食物產(chǎn)生影響。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Hefoundthatstandingforevenafewminutescausespeopletofeelphysicalstress.Thismakesourtastebudslesssensitive.Gravitypushesbloodtothelowerpartsofthebody,causingthehearttoworkharder.Thisincreasestheheartrateandleadstoincreasedstresshormones.”（他發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使站立幾分鐘，人們也會(huì)感到身體上的壓力。這使得我們的味蕾不那么敏感。重力將血液推向身體的下部，導(dǎo)致心臟工作更辛苦。這會(huì)增加心率，導(dǎo)致應(yīng)激激素增加。）可推知，當(dāng)人們站著吃的時(shí)候，導(dǎo)致應(yīng)激激素增加。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“However,whenthebakeraddedextrasalt,theresultswereopposite.Participantswhostooduptoeatthebrowniesdidn’tnoticethatthebrowniestastedsalter,whilethosewhowereseatedfoundthebrowniesweren’tsodelicious.”（然而，當(dāng)面包師添加額外的鹽時(shí)，結(jié)果正好相反。那些站起來(lái)吃布朗尼的參與者并沒(méi)有注意到布朗尼嘗起來(lái)很咸，而那些坐著吃布朗尼的參與者則發(fā)現(xiàn)布朗尼并不那么美味。）故可推知，姿勢(shì)會(huì)影響人們的感覺(jué)靈敏度。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Soifyoureallywanttoenjoyyourmeal,trytofindyourselfacomfortableseat.Butifyou’retryingtoloseweight,eatingwhilestandingcouldbehelpfulbecausepeopletendtoeatlesswhilestanding.Plus,thephysicalstressofstandingmayburnmorecalories.”（所以，如果你真的想享受你的晚餐，試著給自己找一個(gè)舒適的座位。但如果你想減肥，站著吃可能會(huì)有幫助，因?yàn)槿藗冋局缘母?。此外，站立帶?lái)的身體壓力可能會(huì)燃燒更多的卡路里。）中“站著吃可能會(huì)有幫助”以及“可能會(huì)燃燒更多的卡路里”可知，作者對(duì)于研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的態(tài)度是積極的，樂(lè)觀的。故選A項(xiàng)。DAlmosteveryonehasheardtheexpression,“theclambeforethestorm”.Itisusuallyusedtodescribeapeacefulperiodjustbeforeaverystressfulsituationoratenseargument.Britishsailorscreatedthephraseinthelate1600s;theynotedthatbeforecertainstormstheseaswouldseemtobecomestaticandthewindswoulddrop.Butwhyisitoftensocalmbeforeastorm?Sciencehasgivenustheanswer.AccordingtoUSinfotainment(資訊娛樂(lè))websiteHowStuffWorks,aclamperiodoccursbecausemanystorms,suchastornadoesandhurricanes,drawinallthewarmandhumid(濕的)airfromthesurroundingarea.Asthisairrisesintothestormclouds,itcoolsandactsas“fuelforthestorm,likepetrolinacar”.Oncethestormhastakenalltheenergyitcanfromtheair,itispushedoutfromthetopofthestormcloudsandfallsbackdowntogroundlevel.Astheairdescends(下降),itbecomeswarmanddry.Warm,dryairisstable,soonceitcoversanarea,itcausesacalmperiodbeforethestorm.Thissameprocessalsocausesthe“eyeofthestorm”inhurricanesandtornadoes.Intheseconditions,thecalmoccursinthecenterofthestormbecauseofthestrongrotating(旋轉(zhuǎn)的)winds.TheweatherNetworkhasatipforworkingouthowfarawayastormis.First,counthowmanysecondstherearebetweenaflashoflightningandaclapofthunder.Roughlythreesecondsequalonekilometer.So,forexample,ifyoucountnineseconds,thestormisabout3kilometersaway.Agoodgauge(評(píng)估)isthatifyourcountisbelow30seconds,youshouldseekshelterstraightaway.However,duetothecomplexityofstormsystem,notallstormsareprecededbycalm.Giventherightconditions,somestormsannouncethemselveswithheavyrainandchilling(寒冷的)winds.So,yourbestbetistokeepyourselfupdatedwithweatherreportsforanypredictionsregardingacomingstorminyourarea.That’sthemostreliableandsensible(合理的)awaytopredictthenextdisplayofnature’stemper(脾氣).12.Theunderlinedword“static”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.A.violent B.quiet C.fast-changing D.warm13.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph4and5?A.Toexplainhowastormcomeintobeing.B.Tosupportpreviousresearchonstormclouds.C.Toexplainwhyapeacefulperiodoccursbeforeastorm.D.Toshowhowdangerousastormcanbeincertainsituations.14.Ifthereare15secondsbetweenaflashoflightningandathunderclap,howfarawayisthestorm?A.Threekilometers. B.Fourkilometers.C.Fivekilometers. D.Sixkilometers.15.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Itisnotalwaysquietbeforeastorm.B.Stormshaveabiginfluenceonlife.C.Heavystormsdon’tusuallylastforalongtime.D.Weatherreportsmayfailtopredictastorm.【答案】12.B13.C14.C15.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了科學(xué)對(duì)于暴風(fēng)雨前的風(fēng)平浪靜給出了解釋，但最好的辦法是隨時(shí)更新天氣預(yù)報(bào)，這是最可靠的預(yù)測(cè)下一次大自然脾氣的方法。【12題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中“theclambeforethestorm””以及第三段中“Butwhyisitoftensocalmbeforeastorm?”可知，劃線中的單詞“static”對(duì)應(yīng)calm“平靜”意義的單詞。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Oncethestormhastakenalltheenergyitcanfromtheair,itispushedoutfromthetopofthestormcloudsandfallsbackdowntogroundlevel.Astheairdescends,itbecomeswarmanddry.Warm,dryairisstable,soonceitcoversanarea,itcausesacalmperiodbeforethestorm.”（一旦風(fēng)暴從空氣中吸收了它所能吸收的所有能量，它就會(huì)從風(fēng)暴云的頂部被推出來(lái)，并回落到地面水平。隨著空氣下降，空氣變得溫暖干燥。溫暖干燥的空氣是穩(wěn)定的，所以一旦它覆蓋了一個(gè)地區(qū)，它就會(huì)在暴風(fēng)雨前造成一段平靜期。）以及第五段“Thissameprocessalsocausesthe“eyeofthestorm”inhurricanesandtornadoes.Intheseconditions,thecalmoccursinthecenterofthestormbecauseofthestrongrotatingwinds.”（同樣的過(guò)程也會(huì)導(dǎo)致颶風(fēng)和龍卷風(fēng)中的“風(fēng)暴眼”。在這種情況下，由于強(qiáng)勁的旋轉(zhuǎn)風(fēng)，風(fēng)暴中心會(huì)出現(xiàn)平靜。）可知第四，五段，主要介紹了為什么在暴風(fēng)雨之前會(huì)有一段風(fēng)平浪靜時(shí)刻的科學(xué)解釋。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Roughlythreesecondsequalonekilometer.So,forexample,ifyoucountnineseconds,thestormisabout3kilometersaway.”（大約三秒等于一公里。例如，如果你計(jì)算9秒，風(fēng)暴大約在3公里之外。）故可推知，三秒一公里，十五秒即為五公里。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“So,yourbestbetistokeepyourselfupdatedwithweatherreportsforanypredictionsregardingacomingstorminyourarea.That’sthemostreliableandsensibleawaytopredictthenextdisplayofnature’stemper.”（所以，你最好的辦法是隨時(shí)更新天氣預(yù)報(bào)，了解你所在地區(qū)即將到來(lái)的暴風(fēng)雨的預(yù)測(cè)。這是最可靠和明智的方法來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)下一次大自然的脾氣。）以及倒數(shù)第二段“However,duetothecomplexityofstormsystem,notallstormsareprecededbycalm.Giventherightconditions,somestormsannouncethemselveswithheavyrainandchilling(寒冷的)winds.”（然而，由于風(fēng)暴系統(tǒng)的復(fù)雜性，并不是所有的風(fēng)暴之前都是平靜的。在合適的條件下，一些風(fēng)暴會(huì)帶來(lái)暴雨和刺骨的寒風(fēng)。）可知，在暴風(fēng)雨之前并不總是風(fēng)平浪靜的。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Inthisdayandage,digitalgadgets（電子設(shè)備）havebecomeasignificantpartofourdailylives.___16___.Butwhilegadgetsdomakepeople’sliveseasier,therearethingstolookoutforinusingthesetechnologies.Oneishowgadgetsseemtobetakingoverpeople’ssocialrelationships.Youmighthavenoticedhoweveryoneisengagedintheirgadgetsduringfamilygatheringsorget-togetherswithfriends.Whiletheyareconstantlyclickingontheirportabledevices,realconversationsarebecomingrare.___17___.Soifyouwanttospendqualitytimewitheachother,youandyourfriendsandfamilyneedtosacrificescreentime.___18___.Whenyou’rehangingoutwithyourfriends,makeitapolicythatalldevicesshouldbeturnedoff.Ofcourse,everyoneshouldagreeonthisbeforehandtoavoidanymisunderstanding.___19___.Thiscouldalsobeahouserulewhenyouhavedinnerwithyourfamilyorduringanyothereventwithrelatives.Anotheroptioncouldbetoturndevicesonsilentmode,justincasesomeoneisexpectinganurgentcallorimportanttext.Itsoundssimple,butturningoureyesawayfromthescreenmaybemoredifficultthanyouthink.___20___.Andwhilewemaybeabletocanyonaconversationwhileplayingagame,thismulti-taskingisdefinitelygoingtocausealosstothequalityofthetimewespendwithothers.Byremovinggadgetsinthebackground,youandyourfriendscanfocusonwhat’sreallyimportant-spendingtimewitheachother.A.Turningoffyourgadgetsisagoodfirststep.B.They’realsodrivingusawayfrompeoplearoundus.C.Peoplecanthereforeconcentrateonwhattheyaredoing.D.Itseemssonaturaltoreachforyourphoneordevicebeforedoinganything.E.Theyareusedforavarietyoftasks,whetherit’sorderingfoodorbookingaflight.F.Andeveryonemustbewillingtocooperateorelsethepurposewouldbedefeated.G.Thus,theopportunitytostrengthenconnectionsmightbedisappearing.【答案】16.E17.G18.A19.F20.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了電子產(chǎn)品影響了我們?nèi)粘＝涣鞑⒔榻B了解決辦法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Inthisdayandage,digitalgadgets（電子設(shè)備）havebecomeasignificantpartofourdailylives.（在這個(gè)時(shí)代，數(shù)碼產(chǎn)品已經(jīng)成為我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪兄匾囊徊糠?。）”可知，劃線處描寫的是數(shù)碼產(chǎn)品給我們?nèi)粘Ｉ顜?lái)的便利。E選項(xiàng)“Theyareusedforavarietyoftasks,whetherit’sorderingfoodorbookingaflight.”（它們被用來(lái)完成各種各樣的任務(wù)，無(wú)論是訂食物還是訂機(jī)票。）符合題意，故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whiletheyareconstantlyclickingontheirportabledevices,realconversationsarebecomingrare.（當(dāng)他們不停地點(diǎn)擊他們的便攜設(shè)備時(shí)，真正的對(duì)話變得越來(lái)越少。）”可知，電子設(shè)備使得人們溝通越來(lái)越少。G選項(xiàng)“Thus,theopportunitytostrengthenconnectionsmightbedisappearing.”（因此，加強(qiáng)聯(lián)系的機(jī)會(huì)可能正在消失。）符合題意，故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Whenyou’rehangingoutwithyourfriends,makeitapolicythatalldevicesshouldbeturnedoff.（當(dāng)你和朋友出去玩的時(shí)候，制定一個(gè)政策，所有的設(shè)備都應(yīng)該關(guān)閉。）”可知，本段講述的解決措施是關(guān)掉電子設(shè)備。A選項(xiàng)“Turningoffyourgadgetsisagoodfirststep.”（關(guān)掉電子設(shè)備是很好的第一步。）符合題意，故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ofcourse,everyoneshouldagreeonthisbeforehandtoavoidanymisunderstanding.（當(dāng)然，每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該事先達(dá)成一致，以避免任何誤解。）”可知，這一方法需要大家共同的努力。F選項(xiàng)“Andeveryonemustbewillingtocooperateorelsethepurposewouldbedefeated.”（每個(gè)人都必須愿意合作，否則目標(biāo)就會(huì)落空。）符合題意，故選F?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Andwhilewemaybeabletocanyonaconversationwhileplayingagame,thismulti-taskingisdefinitelygoingtocausealosstothequalityofthetimewespendwithothers.（雖然我們可以在玩游戲時(shí)進(jìn)行對(duì)話，但這種多任務(wù)處理肯定會(huì)導(dǎo)致我們與他人相處時(shí)間的質(zhì)量下降。）”可知，劃線句與本句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折。D選項(xiàng)“Itseemssonaturaltoreachforyourphoneordevicebeforedoinganything.”（在做任何事情之前拿手機(jī)或設(shè)備似乎是很自然的。）符合題意，故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；各小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Threeyearsago,agroupofresearchersatCornellUniversity’sFoodandBrandLabhadaguess.Theyknewthatmanyapplesbeing___21___tokidsaspartoftheNationalSchoolLunchProgramwereendingupinthetrash,almostuntouched.Butunlikeothers,theywonderedifthereasonwasmorecomplicatedthansimplythatthekidsdidn’twantthe___22___.Theythoughtthefactthattheappleswerebeingserved___23___,ratherthansliced(切成片的),wasdoingthefruitnofavor.Andtheywantedto___24___thisidea.Theycarriedoutapilotstudy(初步研究)ateight___25___andfoundthatfruitconsumption___26___bymorethan60percentwhenappleswereservedsliced.They___27___madeafollow-upstudyatsixotherschools,whichnotonlyshowedthesameresult,butfurther___28___it.Boththeoverallappleconsumptionandthepercentageofstudentswhoatemorethanhalfoftheappleservedtothemweremorethan70percenthigheratschoolsthatserved___29___apples.Basedonthese____30____,itseemsthateventhesimplestformsof____31____caninfluenceus.Slicedapplesjustmakemoresenseforkids.Thehardestpartisgettingkidstostarteatingfruit,andthat’sexactlywhyslicedapplesarethewaytogo.Achildholdingawholeapplehastobreaktheskin,eataroundthecore(果核),and____32____theinconvenienceofholdingalargefruit.These____33____mightseemsillyorunimportant,butthey’reimportantwhenyou’re____34____teethorhavebraces(牙箍),assomanykidsdo.It’soneofthosesituationswherewhatseemslikeareally____35____inconvenienceactuallymakesahugedifference.21.A.sold B.served C.delivered D.shown22.A.attention B.lunch C.fruit D.program23.A.whole B.ready C.alone D.unwashed24.A.present B.share C.prove D.try25.A.restaurants B.colleges C.cities D.schools26.A.decreased B.jumped C.reached D.slowed27.A.even B.instead C.already D.then28.A.denied B.supported C.impressed D.described29.A.sliced B.delicious C.juicy D.fresh30.A.plans B.guesses C.methods D.results31.A.reward B.advice C.inconvenience D.decision32.A.dealwith B.thinkabout C.lookinto D.pointout33.A.studies B.problems C.ideas D.worries34.A.brushing B.cleaning C.missing D.counting35.A.small B.serious C.obvious D.public【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.C25.D26.B27.D28.B29.A30.D31.C32.A33.B34.C35.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者通過(guò)講述三年前一個(gè)研究小組對(duì)全國(guó)學(xué)校午餐計(jì)劃中提供給孩子的蘋果許多都被浪費(fèi)這一事實(shí)背后的原因進(jìn)行研究和探索的事，表明有時(shí)候看似很小的不便卻能產(chǎn)生巨大的影響?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們知道，作為國(guó)家學(xué)校午餐計(jì)劃的一部分，許多被提供給孩子們的蘋果最終被扔進(jìn)了垃圾桶，幾乎沒(méi)動(dòng)。A.sold賣；B.served提供；端上C.delivered遞送；發(fā)表；D.shown展示。根據(jù)下文“aspartoftheNationalSchoolLunchProgram”可知，這些蘋果是國(guó)家學(xué)校午餐項(xiàng)目提供給孩子們的。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但與其他人不同的是，他們想知道原因是否比簡(jiǎn)單的孩子們不想要這些水果要復(fù)雜得多。A.attention注意；B.lunch午飯；C.fruit水果；D.program程序。根據(jù)上文“manyapplesbeing___1___tokidsaspartoftheNationalSchoolLunchProgramwereendingupinthetrash,almostuntouched”可知，這些蘋果最后被扔進(jìn)垃圾箱，幾乎沒(méi)有動(dòng)，因此推斷這里說(shuō)的是孩子們不想要這些水果。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們認(rèn)為提供的蘋果是完整的，而不是切片的，對(duì)水果不利。A.whole全部的；B.ready準(zhǔn)備好的；C.alone單獨(dú)的；D.unwashed未清洗的。根據(jù)下文“ratherthansliced(切成片的)”可知，提供的蘋果沒(méi)有切片，是整個(gè)的。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們想要證明這個(gè)想法。A.present呈現(xiàn)；贈(zèng)送；B.share分享；C.prove證明；D.try嘗試。根據(jù)下文“Theycarriedoutapilotstudy(初步研究)”可知，他們想要證明他們的想法，進(jìn)行了初步研究。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們?cè)?所學(xué)校進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)初步研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)蘋果切片時(shí)，水果消費(fèi)量增加了60%以上A.restaurants餐館；B.colleges大學(xué)；學(xué)院；C.cities城市；D.schools學(xué)校。根據(jù)下文的“atsixotherschools”可知，研究在學(xué)校里進(jìn)行的。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.decreased降低；B.jumped猛增；激增；C.reached到達(dá)；D.slowed減慢。根據(jù)下文“Boththeoverallappleconsumptionandthepercentageofstudentswhoatemorethanhalfoftheappleservedtothemweremorethan70percenthigheratschoolsthatserved___9___apples”可知，蘋果的消費(fèi)量激增了60%以上。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，他們?cè)谄渌鶎W(xué)校進(jìn)行了后續(xù)研究，不僅顯示了相同的結(jié)果，而且得到了進(jìn)一步的支持。A.even甚至；B.instead代替；C.already已經(jīng)；D.then然后；后來(lái)。根據(jù)下文“madeafollow-upstudyatsixotherschools”可知，后來(lái)他們又進(jìn)行后續(xù)研究。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，他們?cè)谄渌鶎W(xué)校進(jìn)行了后續(xù)研究，不僅顯示了相同的結(jié)果，而且得到了進(jìn)一步的支持。A.denied否定；B.supported支持；C.impressed使印象深刻；D.described描述。根據(jù)上文“notonlyshowedthesameresult”可知，后續(xù)研究得出了相同的結(jié)果，得到了進(jìn)一步的支持。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在提供切片蘋果的學(xué)校里，學(xué)生們的整個(gè)蘋果的消費(fèi)量和吃了一半以上的蘋果的比例都要高出70%以上。A.sliced切片的；B.delicious美味的；C.juicy多汁的；D.fres