動詞ing形式的歸納概述

動詞的-ving形式具有名詞(動名詞)的功能,可以在句字中作主語,賓語和表語.它具有形容詞(分詞)的功能,可在句子中作定語,表語,和賓語補足語.2I.動名詞動詞的ing形式具有名詞的功能,

可以在句子中作主語,賓語和表語.31.做主語ReadingisimportantinlearningEnglish.Lookingafterthepatientisanurse’sjob.注意:在某些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中,特別是Itisnouse\useless\nogood\shame\dangerous\awasteoftime/worth/worthwhiledoingsth.It是形式主語,真正的主語即動名詞放在句末42做賓語.ving跟在某些特定的動詞后面作賓語.避免錯過少延期建議完成多練習喜歡想象禁不住承認否定與嫉妒逃避冒險莫原諒允許感激和考慮明白鼓勵要禁止Avoid,miss,putoffAdvise,finish,practiceEnjoy,imagine,can’thelpAdmit,deny,envy,Escape,risk,excuseAllow/permitappreciateconsiderUnderstand,encourage,forbid53做表語Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.Mygreatesthappinessisservingthepeople.注意；動名詞作主語,可以和表語換用.反之也一樣.64.動名詞的復合結(jié)構(gòu)

動名詞的前面可以帶上自己的邏輯主語構(gòu)成動名詞的復合結(jié)構(gòu).物主代詞,如his,my；人稱代詞如him,me名詞所有格，如Tom’s;名詞普通格如TomDoyoumindmy/mesmokinghere?Iinsistedonmyhusband/husband’spayingthebill.Thesoundofdesksbeingopenedandclosedcouldbeheardoutinthestreet.Hesuggestedsomebodytakingoverthejob.7

注意：動名詞的復合結(jié)構(gòu)作句子主語時，則通常使用名詞的所有格或物主代詞．Mary’scominglatemadeherteacherangry.Hisnotbeingabletocomeisdisappointing.8大家學習辛苦了，還是要堅持繼續(xù)保持安靜9II.現(xiàn)在分詞動詞的ing具有形容詞的功能,可在句中做定語,表語,和賓語補足語101定語Doesheworkinthereadingroom?Ourteacherusesaverygoodteachingmethod.Doyouknowthemanstandingbythedoor?Thisvillageismadeupof500familiesbelongingtofivenations.112.表語:表主語所具有的特征.Thefoodsmellsinviting.Thestoryisverytouching.常這樣用的分詞有:amusing,charming,encouraging,confusing,disappointing,discouraging,exciting,puzzling,astonishing,refreshing,shocking,striking,surprising,etc.123.賓語補足語感官動詞:see,hear,feel,smell,watch,notice,observe,lookat,listento和使役動詞:set,keep,have,get,leave,make,find,send等都可以用分詞作賓語補足語．

wesawhimclimbingatree.

Thepolicecaughttheboystealing.拓展:在被動句中,即成為主語補足語:Theboywascaughtstealing.Thechildrenwerelastseenplayingattheriverbank.134.動詞的ing形式具有副詞的功能,可在句中做狀語141.)做時間狀語Hearingthenoise,Iturnedround.=whenIheardthenoise,Lookingoutofthewindow,Isawsomestudentsplayingthere.=whenIlookedoutofthewindow,注意:分詞短語前面可以用while,when等連詞,152.)作方式狀語或伴隨狀語Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews.Allnightlonghelayawake,thinkingaboutproblems.Hesatinanarmchair,readingthenewspaper.163).做結(jié)果狀語

Herhusbanddiedtenyearsago,leavingherwiththreechildrentolookafter.Theheavysnowlastedaweak,causingalotofaccidents.174).原因狀語Beingsick,Istayedathome.=As\BecauseIwassick,Notknowingheraddress,Icannotwritetoher.=AsIdon’tknowheraddress,185).條件狀語Turningtotherightatthecrossing,youwillseethepostofficerightbeforeyou.=Ifyouturnrightatthecrossing,you’ll…=Turntotherightatthecrossingandyouwillseethepostoffice.196).做補充說明Theplaneleavesatsix,arrivinginChicagoatten.=…..,andwillarriveinChicagoatten.Thechildrenwerewalkingtothepark,talkingandlaughingalltheway.=…,andweretalkingandlaughingalltheway.20III.獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)本身就是一種復合結(jié)構(gòu),由名詞或代詞加分詞等構(gòu)成,表時間,原因,條件,方式,伴隨和補充說明等.常見結(jié)構(gòu)如下：1.名詞+-ving分詞

Theyallwenttotheplayground,healoneremaininginthedormitory.2.名詞+-ved分詞

Thequestionsettled,theywentbackbyplane.

213.名詞+動詞不定式

Somuchhomeworktodo,wehavenotimetoplay.4.名詞+形容詞

Helookedatmeupanddown,hiseyeswideopen.5.名詞+介詞短語/副詞

Hundredsofpeoplewentoutofthecinema,someinpairs,othersalone.6.名詞+名詞

Hissonnowacollegestudent,heisnolongerworriedabouthisjob.7.Therebe句型的獨立結(jié)構(gòu)

Therebeingnobus,wehadtowalkhome.22IV.做獨立成分動詞ing形式在句中沒有邏輯主語,可以獨立存在,這些短語已經(jīng)成為習慣用語,用來修飾整個句子Generallyspeaking(一般說來)StrictlyspeakingRoughlyspeakingFranklyspeakingJudgingfrom23TakingallintoconsiderationConsideringeverythingEg:Judgingfromherface,shemustbeill.Consideringeverything,itisworthtrying.24IV.動詞ing形式的各種變化形式時態(tài)語態(tài)主動被動一般式完成式doinghavingdonebeingdonehavingbeendone25１動詞的-ving形式的一般式表示動作和謂語動詞同時（或幾乎同時）發(fā)生．Hearingthenews,sheburstoutcrying.