高考英語閱讀分冊

目錄

第一部分篇章結構1~8

第二部分段落結構9~13

第三部分句子結構14-22

第四部分詞匯23-29

第五部分閱讀訓練題30-79

第六部分歷屆高考閱讀真題80-108

第七部分高級閱讀精選109-126

第八部分完型填空練習題127-138

第九部分歷屆高考完型填空139-145

附錄習題答案146-147

2

第一部分篇章結構

一、科普類文章

1.引出中心內容的方法

(1)AbutBo

這個時候B是文章的中心。為了不讓文章顯得太突兀，一般會先講A,即普通的內容(科普

類文章?般介紹的是我們不太熟悉的內容)。另外，A也有可能是一種欲揚先抑的寫作手法，與

B的意思正好相反。

Mostanimalshavelittleconnectionwithanimalsofadifferentkind,unlesstheyhuntthemfor

food.Sometimes,however,twokindsofanimalscometogetherinapartnership(伙伴關系)

whichdoesgoodtobothofthem.Youmayhavenoticedsomebirdssittingonthebacksof

sheep.Thisisnotbecausetheywantaride,butbecausetheyfindeasyfoodintheparasites

(寄生蟲)onsheep.Thesheepallowthebirdstodosobecausetheyremovethecauseof

discomfort.Soalthoughtheycanmanagewithouteachother,theydobettertogether.

Theideaoffightinganoisebymakingmorenoisesoundsstrange,butthafsexactlywhat

motorengineersaredoinginGermanyandsomeothercountries.

(2)用熟悉的事物作類比。

這是一種我們可以借鑒的寫作方法。

Decision-thinkingisnotunlikepoker-itoftenmattersnotonlywhatyouthink,butalsowhat

othersthinkyouthinkandwhatyouthinktheythinkyouthink.Thementalprocessissimilar.

Naturally,thiscardgamehasoftenbeenofconsiderableinteresttopeoplewhoare,byany

standards,goodthinkers.

2.說明中心內容的方法

(高考文章以說明為主，在高級閱讀考試中經常出現的議論文在高考中比較少見)

(1)舉例說明。這是最常見的方法，除了我們熟悉的forexample,forinstance,suchas以

外，更主要的是在內容上的抽象程度的不同。例子總是說得很具體，比如說有數字，具體的人

物、事件等。有的時候，在事實和例子中間，還有一個具體說明的中間層次。

(2)講原理

Car-makersresearchanddevelopmentlaboratorieshavealreadyprovedthatmixinginmore

noisewiththehelpofloudspeakerscanreducetheunwantednoise.

(3)講好處(advantage)

Anothergoodthingabouttheusesofnoise-killingsystemsisthatitsavestheneedfora

silencer,whichnotonlyreducestheweightofacar,butalsomakesthemotorburnlessoil

andworkbetter.

(4)講問題(disadvantage)

Someengineersbelievethatthenoise-killingsystemwillbeusedinmostcarsin1996.But

thecarmakershaven'tdecidediftheywillputitintoproductionbecauseitwouldaddseveral

hundreddollarstothecostoftheircars.

高考英語閱讀教材一第一部分篇章結構3

(5)講應用(application)

(6)分類說明：中心的兩個方面

Therearetwotypesoffat:externalfat(fatunderskin)andinternalfat(fatinsidethebodywall).

Doctors,whohavebeenexaminingtherelationshipbetweenhealthandfatness,havefound

thatthe“pears"havelessinternalfat,butthe“apples"havemoreinternalfatthanexternalfat.

Thisseemstobewhatcausesthehealthproblems.

(7)強對比說明

Onemistakenideaaboutbusinessisthatitcanbetreatedasagameofperfectinformation.

Quitethereverse.Business,politics,lifeitselfaregameswhichwemustnormallyplaywith

veryimperfectinformation.Businessdecisionsareoftenmadewithmanyunknownand

unknowablefactorswhichwouldevenpuzzlebestpokerplayers.Butfewbusinesspeoplefinit

comfortabletoadmitthattheyaretakingachance,andmanystillprefertobelievethatthey

areplayingchess,notpoker.

二、社會觀點類文章

這一類文章比較高級，所以在高考中出現得很少。

Computerpeopletalkalotabouttheneedforotherpeopletobecome“computer-literate.”

Butnotallexperts(專家)agreethatthisisagoodidea.

Onepioneer,inparticular,whodisagreesisDavidTebbutt,thefounderofComputertownUK.

Althoughmanypeopleseethisasasuccessfulattempttobringpeopleclosertothecomputer,

Daviddoesnotseeitthatway.HesaysthatComputertownUKwasformedforjustthe

oppositereason,tobringcomputerstopeopleandmakethem^people-literate."

DavidTebbuttthinksComputertownsaremostsuccessfulwhentiedtoacomputerclubbut

heinsiststhereisanimportantdifferencebetweenthetwo.Theclubsareforpeoplewhohave

somecomputerknowledgealready.Thisfrightensawaynon-experts,whoarehappiergoingto

Computertownswheretherearecomputersforthemtoexperimenton,withexpertsto

encouragethemandansweranyquestionstheyhave.Theyarenottoldwhattodo,theyfind

out.Thecomputerexpertshavetolearnnottotellpeopleaboutcomputers,buthavetobe

abletoanswerallquestionspeopleask.Peopledon*thavetolearncomputerterms(術語),

buttheexpertshavetoexplaininplainlanguage.Thecomputersarebecoming^^people-

literate.n

三、社會問題類文章

1.引出問題：某一部作品中的觀點

OlafStapledonwroteabookcalledFirstandLastMen,inwhichhelookedmillionsof

yearsahead.Hetoldofdifferentmenandofstrangecivilizations,brokenupbylong'dark

ages5inbetween.Inhisview,whatiscalledthepresenttimeisnomorethanamomentin

4

humanhistoryandwearejustheFirstMen.In2,000millionyearsnowtherewillbethe

EighteenthorLastMen.

However,mostofourideasaboutthefuturearereallyveryshort-sighted.Perhapswecansee

somepossibilitiesforthenextfiftyyears.Butthenexthundred?Thenextthousand?Thenext

million?Thafsmuchmoredifficult.

2.解決問題的重要性

Sowhybothereventotryimagininglifefarinthefuture?Herearetworeasons.First,

unlesswerememberhowshortourownlivesarecomparedwiththewholehumanhistory,we

arelikelytothinkourowninterestsaremuchmoreimportantthantheyreallyare.Ifwemake

theearthapoorplacetoliveonbecausewearecarelessorgreedyorquarrelsome,our

grandchildrenwillnotbothertothinkofexcusesforus.

Second,bytryingtoescapefrompresentinterestsandimaginelifefarinthefuture,we

mayarriveatquitefreshideasthatwecanuseourselves.Forexample,ifweimaginethatin

thefuturemenmaygiveupfarming,wecanthinkoftryingitnow.Sosetyourimaginationfree

whenyouthinkaboutthefuture.

3.解決問題

Manycitiesaroundtheworldtodayareheavilypolluted.Carelessmethodsofproduction

andlackofconsumerdemandforenvironment（環(huán)境）friendlyproductshavecontributedtothe

pollutionproblem.Oneresultisthatmillionsoftonsofglass,paper,plastic,andmetal

containersareproduced,andthesearedifficulttogetridof.

However,today,moreandmoreconsumersarechoosing“green"anddemandingthatthe

productstheybuyshouldbesafefortheenvironment.Beforetheybuyaproduct,theyask

questionslikethese:"Willthisshampoodamagetheenvironment?”“Canthismetalcontainer

bereusedorcanitonlybeusedonce?”

Arecentstudyshowedthattwooutoffiveadultsnowconsidertheenvironmentalsafetyof

aproductbeforetheybuyit.Thismeansthatcompaniesmustnowchangethewaytheymake

andselltheirproductstomakesurethattheyare"green,"thatis,friendlytotheenvironment.

Onlyafewyearsago,itwasimpossibletofindgreenproductsinSupermarkets,butnow

therearehundreds.Somesupermarketproductcoplabels（標簽）toshowthattheproductis

green.Somecompanieshavemadethemanufacturing（生產）ofcleanandsafeproductstheir

mainsellingpointandemphasizeitintheiradvertising.

四、社會現象類文章

1.社會現象的引出：具體的例子，話語，奇特之處，A影響B(tài)。

AllangoeseverywherewithBirgittaAnderson,a54-year-oldsecretary.Hemovesaround

herofficeatworkandgoesshoppingwithher."Mostpeopledon*tseentomindAllan,"says

Birgitta,whothinksheiswonderful."He'smyfourthchild,"shesays.Shemaythinkofhimand

高考英語閱讀教材一第一部分篇章結構5

treathimthatway,buyinghisfood,payinghishealthbillsandhistaxes,butinfactAllanisa

dog.

BirgittaandAllanliveinSwede,acountywhereeveryoneisexpectedtoleadanorderly

lifeaccordingtoruleslaiddownbythegovernment,whichalsoprovides（提供）ahighlevelof

careforitspeople.Thislevelofcarecostsmoney./

BettyandHaroldhavebeenmarriedforMrs.Butonethingstillpuzzles（困擾）oldHarold.

HowisitthathecanleaveBettyandherfriendJoansittingonthesofa,talking,goouttoa

ballgame,comebackthreeandahalfhourslater,andthey*restillsittingonthesofa?Talking?

Whatintheworld,Haroldwonders,dotheyhavetotalkabout?

Bettyshrugs.Talk?We'refriends.

Researchingthismattercalledfriendship,psychologistLillianRubinspenttwoyears,

interviewingmorethantwohundredwomenandmen.Nomatterwhattheirage,theirjob,their

sex,theresultswerecompletelyclear:womenhavemorefriendshipsthanmen,andthe

differenceinthecon-tentandthequalityofthosefriendshipsis"markedandunmistakable.7

Maybeten-year-oldElizabethputitbestwhenshesaidtoherfather,"But,Dad,youcan't

behealthyifyouYedead.'*

Dad,inahurrytogethomebeforedarksohecouldgoforarun,hadforgottentowearhis

safetybelt-amistake75%oftheUSpopulationmakeeveryday.Thebigquestioniswhy./

Whenagroupofchildrenpolitelystopaconversationwithyou,saying:"Wehavetogoto

worknow,'*you'releftfeelingsurprisedandcertainlyuneasy.Afterall,thisisthe1990sandthe

ideaofchildrenworkingisjustunthinkable.Thatis,untilyouaretoldthattheyareallpupilsof

stageschools,andthatthenworkntheygoofftoistogoonthestageinatheatre./

Americaisgrowingolder.Fiftyyearsago,only4outofevery100peopleintheUnited

Stateswere65orolder.Today,10outofevery100Americansareover65.Theagingofthe

populationwillaffect（影響）Americansocietyinmanyways-education,medicine,and

business.Quietly,thegrayingofAmericahasmadeusaverydifferentsociety-oneinwhich

peoplehaveaquitedifferentideaofwhatkindofbehavior（行二為）issuitable（合適）atvarious

ages.

2.說明的方法

⑴舉例

Aspricesandbuildingcostskeeprising,the"do-it-yourself*（DIY）trend（趨勢）intheU.S.

continuestogrow.

“Weneededfurniture（家具）forourlivingroom,*'saysJohnRoss,"andwejustdidn'thave

enoughmoneytobuyit.Sowedecidedtotrymakingafewtablesandchairs.'*Johngot

marriedsixmonthsago,andlikemanyyoungpeoplethesedays,theyarestrugglingtomake

ahomeatatimewhenthecostoflivingisveryhigh.TheRossestooka2-weekcoursefor$

280atanightschool.Nowtheybuildalltheirfurnitureandmakerepairsaroundthehouse.

JimHatfield...

6

(2)中心的一個側面

...Thatis,untilyouaretoldthattheyareallpupilsofstageschools,andthatthe"work"

theygoofftoistogoonthestageinatheatre.

Stageschoolsoftenactasagencies(代理機構)tosupplychildrenforstageandtelevision

work...

Avisittosuchschoolswillleaveyouinnodoubtthatthechildrenenjoythemselves.../

Researchingthismattercalledfriendship,psychologistLillianRubin...thedifferenceinthe

contentandthequalityofthosefriendshipsis"markedandunmistakable.n

Morethantwo-thirdsofthesinglemenRubininterviewedcouldnotnameabestfriend...

“Ingeneral,nwritesRubininhernewbook,“women'sfriendshipswitheachotherreston

sharedemotionsandsupport,butmen'srelationshipsaremarkedbysharedactivities."

“Evenwhenamanissaidtobeabestfriend,**Rubinwrites,"thetwosharelittleabout

theirinnermostfeelings...

(3)解釋原因

...Thebigquestioniswhy.

Therehavebeenmanymythsaboutsafetybeltseversincetheirfirstappearanceincars

somefortyyearsago.Thefollowingarethreeofthemostcommon.

MythNumberOne...

(4)評價

Whilemostpeopleuselittlewhiteliestomakelifeeasier,themajorityofAmericanscare

abouthonestyinbothpublicandpersonallife.Theysaythatpeopletodayarelesshonest

thantheyweretenyearsago.Althoughitisbelievedthatthingsaregettingworse,lyingseems

tobeanage-oldhumanproblem.Frenchphilosopher(哲學家)Vauvenarges,writinginthe

eighteenthcentury,touchedonthetruthwhenhewrote,"Allmenareborntruthfulanddieliars

(說謊者)

(5)存在的問題

Theschoolsthemselvesadmitthatnotallchildrenwillbesuccessfulintheprofessionfor

whichtheyarebeingtrained.Sowhathappenstothosewhodon*tmakeit?Whileallthe

leadingschoolssaytheyplacegreatimportanceonchildrengettinggoodstudyresults,the

factsseemtosuggestthisisnotalwaysthecase.

(6)排比說明

Aperson'sagenolongertellsyouanythingabouthis/hersocialposition,marriageor

health.There*snolongeraparticularyearinwhichonegoestoschoolorgoestoworkorgets

marriedorstartsafamily.Thesocialclockthatkeptusontimeandtolduswhentogoto

school.Itdoesn*tsurpriseustohearofa29-year-olduniversitypresidentora35-year-old

grandmother,ora70-year-oldmanwhohasbecomeafatherforthefirsttime.Publicideasare

changing.

高考英語閱讀教材一第一部分篇章結構7

五、事件類文章

（包括歷史事件，日常事件，災禍，軼事）。關鍵是找時間點。沒有時間點的找最特殊的地方。

ThereportcametotheBritishonMay21,1941.GermanbattleshipBismarck,themost

powerfulwarshipintheworld,wasmovingoutintotheAtlanticOcean.Hertask:todestroythe

shipscarryingsuppliesfromtheUnitedStatestowar-tornEngland.

TheBritishhadfearedsuchatask.NowarshiptheyhadcouldmatchtheBismarckin

speedorinfirepower.TheBismarckhadeight15-inchgunsand81smallerguns.Shecould

moveat30nauticalmiles（海里）anhour.Shewasbelievedtobeunsinkable.

However,theBritishhadtosinkher.Theysentoutataskforceheadedbytheirbest

battleshipHoodtohuntdowntheBismarck.OnMay24,theHoodfoundtheBismarck.

ItwasameetingthattheGermancommanderLuetjensdidnotwanttosee.Hisorders

weretodestroytheBritishshipsthatwerecarryingsupplies,buttostayawayfromafightwith

Britishwarships.

Thebattledidn'tlastlong.TheBismarck'sfirsttorpedo（魚雷）hittheHood,whichwent

downtakingallbutthreeofher1,419menwithher.

Butinthefight,theBismarckwasslightlydamaged（損壞）.Hercommanderdecidedtorun

forrepairstoFrance,whichhadatthattimebeentakenbytheGermans.TheBritishforce

followedher.However,becauseoftheBismarck'sspeedandtheheavyfog,theylostsightof

her.

Fortwodays,everyBritishshipintheAtlantictriedtofindtheBismarck,butwithno

success.Finally,shewassightedbyaplanefromIreland.TryingtoslowtheBismarckdown

sothattheirshipscouldcatchupwithher,theBritishfiredatherfromtheair.TheBismarck

washit.

OnthemorningofMay27,thelastbattlewasfought.FourBritishshipsfiredonthe

Bismarck,andshewasfinallysunk./

Wewalkedinsoquietlythatthenurseatthedeskdidn'tevenlifthereyesfromthebook.

MumpointedatabigchairbythedoorandIknewshewantedmetositdown.WhileIwatched

mouthopeninsurprise,Mumtookoffherhatandcoatandgavethemtometohold.She

walkedquietlytothesmallroombytheliftandtookoutawetmop.Shepushedthemoppast

thedeskandasthenurselookedup,Mumnoddedandsaid,'Verydirtyfloors.**

“Yes,I'mgladthey'vefinallydecidedtocleanthem,"thenurseanswered.Shelookedat

Mumstrangelyandsaid,nButaren'tyouworkinglate?"

Mumjustpushedharder,eachswipe（拖——下）ofthemoptakingherfartherandfarther

downthehall.Iwatcheduntilshewasoutofsightandthenursehadturnedbacktowritingin

thebigbook.

AfteralongtimeMumcameback.Hereyeswereshining.Shequicklyputthemopback

andtookmyhand.Asweturnedtogooutofthedoor,Mumbowedpolitelytothenurseand

said,"Thankyou."

8

Outside,Mumtoldme:"Dagmarisfine.Nofever."

"Yousawher,Mum?"

“Ofcourse.Itoldheraboutthehospitalrules,andshewillnotexpectusuntiltomorrow.

Dadwillstopworryingaswell.It*safinehospital.Butsuchfloors!Amopisnogood.Youneed

abrush.*'

六、事物類文章

1.舊事物：注意與現在事物的不同之處

In19thcenturyEnglandpeoplelikedtogototheseaside.Inthosedays,ladiesworelong

bathingdresses,andmenworebathingsuits...

2.新事物

(1)引出新事物

Excusedfromrecyclingbecauseyouliveinahighrisewitharubbishchute?Youwon'tbe

forlong.Miami'sMarkShantzishasmadeitsimpleforthoselivingintallbuildingstousethe

chuteandrecycletoo./

Holidaymakerswhoareboredwithbakingbeachesandoverheatedhotelroomsheadfora

bigigloo.SwedishbusinessmanNileBergqvistisdelightedwithhisnewhotel,theworld'sfirst

igloohotel.

(2)結構或原理(怎么造的)

Sixworkmenspentmorethaneightweekspiling1,000tonsofsnowontoawoodenbase;

whenthesnowfroze,thebasewasremoved.

(3)優(yōu)勢(advantage)

Thepopularityoftheiglooisbeyonddoubt:itisnowattractingtouristsfromalloverthe

world.

3,事物的起源：找時間點，注意轉折之處。

Today,rollerskatingiseasyandfun.Butalongtimeago,itwasn'teasyatall.Before1750,

theideaofskatingdidn'texist.ThatchangedbecauseofamannamedJosephMerlin.Merlin's

workwasmakingmusicalinstruments.Inhissparetimebelikedtoplaytheviolin.Joseph

Merlinwasamanofideasanddreams.Peoplecalledhimadreamer.

OnedayMerlinreceivedaninvitationtoattendafancydressball(化裝舞會).Hewasvery

pleasedandalittleexcited.Asthedayofthepartycamenear,Merlinbegantothinkhowto

makeagrandentranceattheparty.Hehadanidea.Hethoughthewouldgetalotofattention

ifhecouldskateintotheroom.

Merlintrieddifferentwaystomakehimselfroll.Finally,hedecidedtoputtwowheelsunder

eachshoe.Thesewerethefirstrollerskates.Merlinwasveryproudofhisinventionand

dreamedofarrivingatthepartyonwheelswhileplayingtheviolin.

OnthenightofthepartyMerlinrolledintotheroomplayinghisviolin.Everyonewas

astonishedtoseehim.Therewasjustoneproblem.Merlinhadnowaytostophisrollerskates.

高考英語閱讀教材一第一部分篇章結構9

Herolledonandon.Suddenly,heranintoahugemirrorthatwashangingonthewall.Down

fellthemirror,breakingtopiece.NobodyforgotMerlin'sgrandentranceforalongtime.

七、新聞報道類文章：抓住報道主體。

JINTAN,JIANGSU:The20students-18boysand2girls-hadathousandreasonstobe

proudofthemselves.Theyhadjustclimbedtheirwaytothetoprung（階梯）outof4million

studentstakingpartintheFifthNationalHuaLuogengGoldGupMathematicsContest（競賽）

onTuesdayevening.

The20goldmedalwinnersareallprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentsundertheageof14.

“Maryoftheproblemsareofcollegelevelandthesepupilscanfigurethemout.Itisjust

unbelievable!”saidateacherfromGuangdongprovince.

NamedafterChina'smostfamousmathematician,HuaLuogeng,theconteststartedin

1986,oneyearafterhisdeath.Inlessthan10years,ithasbeenrecognisedbytheState

EducationCommission（國家教委）asthecountry'sbiggestandbestcontestofitskind.

八、應用文和說明文：安排，廣告，介紹，產品說明。

九、其他可能出現的文章類型：

1.人物（抓住人物生平發(fā)生的幾件大事）

2.地理

3.節(jié)日

4.風俗和社會文化

第二部分段落結構

一、引子-主題型

1.AalsoB結構，重點一般在B上。

10高考英語閱讀教材——第二部分段落結構

MostofthediaryisarecordofbigeventsinPhiladelphia.Italsoincludesadescriptionof

BritishsoldiersburningWashington,D.C.inthewarof1812.ShedescribesPresidentJames

Madisononhorsebackas“perfectlyshakingwithfear"duringthetroubleddays.George

Washington,shewrites,mistookherforthewifeofaFrenchman,andpraisedherexcellent

English.

2.AbutB結構，這種結構數量甚多，?般來說B是本段的重點。

AllangoeseverywherewithBirgittaAnderson,a54-year-oldsecretary.Hemovesaroundher

officeatworkandgoesshoppingwithher."Mostpeopledon'tseentomindAllan/'says

Birgitta,whothinksheiswonderful.*'He'smyfourthchild,*'shesays.Shemaythinkofhimand

treathimthatway,buyinghisfood,payinghishealthbillsandhistaxes,butinfactAllanisa

dog./

Theideaoffightinganoisebymakingmorenoisesoundsstrange,butthafsexactlywhat

motorengineersaredoinginGermanyandsomeothercountries./

Computerpeopletalkalotabouttheneedforotherpeopletobecome“computer-literate."But

notallexperts（專家）agreethatthisisagoodidea./

IfyouaskpeopletonametheonepersonwhohadthegreatesteffectontheEnglishlanguage,

youwillgetanswerslike“Shakespeare,”“SamuelJohnson/1and“Webster,"butnoneofthese

menhadanyeffectatallcomparedtoamanwhodidn'tevenspeakEnglish-Williamthe

Conqueror./

Thebesttreatmentforfatnessistoreducetheinternalfat.Butunfortunatelyitseemsthat

dietingsimplymakes.../

Someengineersbelievethatthenoise-killingsystemw川beusedinmostcarsin1996.But

thecarmakershaven*tdecidediftheywillputitintoproductionbecauseitwouldaddseveral

hundreddollarstothecostoftheircars./

DavidTebbuttthinksComputertownsaremostsuccessfulwhentiedtoacomputerclubbuthe

insiststhereisanimportantdifferencebetweenthetwo./

Holidaymakerswhoareboredwithbakingbeachesandoverheatedhotelroomsheadforabig

igloo.SwedishbusinessmanNileBergqvistisdelightedwithhisnewhotel,theworld'sfirst

igloohotel.BuiltinasmalltowninLapland,ithasbeenattractinglotsofvisitors,butsoonthe

funwillbeover.*/

Whenmenandwomenlivedbyhunting50,000yearsago,howcouldtheyevenbeginto

picturemodernlife?Yettomenof50,000yearsfromnow,wemayseemasprimitiveinour

ideasastheStone-Agehuntersdotous.Perhapstheywillspendtheirdaysgollockingto

makenewspundels,orstrugglingwiththeirballalatorsthroughthecribe.Thesewords,whichI

havejustmadeup,havetostandforthingsandideasthatwesimplycan*tthinkof./

Today,rollerskatingiseasyandfun.Butalongtimeago,itwasn'teasyatall.Before1750,

theideaofskatingdidn'texist.ThatchangedbecauseofamannamedJosephMerlin.Merlin's

高考英語閱讀教材——第二部分段落結構11

workwasmakingmusicalinstruments.Inhissparetimebelikedtoplaytheviolin.Joseph

Merlinwasamanofideasanddreams.Peoplecalledhimadreamer./

Mostanimalshavelittleconnectionwithanimalsofadifferentkind,unlesstheyhuntthemfor

food.Sometimes,however,twokindsofanimalscometogetherinapartnership（伙伴關系）

whichdoesgoodtobothofthem./

4.A意味著B,重點在B上。

Arecentstudyshowedthattwooutoffiveadultsnowconsidertheenvironmentalsafetyofa

productbeforetheybuyit.Thismeansthatcompaniesmustnowchangethewaytheymake

andselltheirproductstomakesurethattheyareugreen,^^thatis,friendlytotheenvironment.

5.背景和主題。

Inthe1930s,alotofpeopleintheUSAwereoutofwork.Amongthesepeoplewasaman

namedAlfredButts.He...

6.具體例子和抽象現象。

Threeliesinoneday!YetDickSpivakisjustanordinaryman.Eachtime,hetoldhimselfthat

sometimesthetruthcausestoomanyproblems.Mostofustellmuchthesamewhitelies,

harmlessuntruthsthathelptosavetrouble.Howoftendowetellwhitelies?

二、總-分型

1.評價（現實）和解釋

Physicistshaveknownaboutthetechniqueforalongtime.Soundismadeupofpressure

wavesintheair.Iftwosoundwaves.../

PeopleinSwedenpaytaxesoneverything,soaren'tsurprisedtofindthatowningadog

meansyetmoretaxes.Somepeoplearepayingasmuchas500Swedishkronorintaxesa

yearfortherighttokeeptheirdog,moneythatisspentbythegovernmentondoghospitals

andsometimesmedicaltreatmentforadogthatfallsill.

2.整體和側面

Mostofustellmuchthesamewhitelies,harmlessuntruthsthathelptosavetrouble.How

oftendowetellwhitelies?Itdependsinpartonourage,education,andevenwherewelive./

ThegreatmathematicianJohnwonNeumannwasoneofthefoundersofgametheory.In

particular,heshowedthatallgamesfallintotwoclasses:

3.總述和分述

Onlyafewyearsago,itwasimpossibletofindgreenproductsinSupermarkets,butnowthere

arehundreds.Somesupermarketproductscoplabels（標簽）toshowthattheproductisgreen.

Somecompanieshavemadethemanufacturing（生產）ofcleanandsafeproductstheirmain

sellingpointandemphasizeitintheiradvertising./

Thepopularityoftheiglooisbeyonddoubt:itisnowattractingtouristsfromallovertheworld.

Atleast800peoplehavestayedattheigloothisseasoneventhoughthereareonly10rooms.

12高考英語閱讀教材——第二部分段落結構

"Youcangetalotofpeoplein,"explainsBergqvist.MThebedsarethreemeterswidebytwo

meterslong,andcanfitatleastfouratonetime.7

Fatonhumanbeingsisdistributedindifferentways.Somefatpeoplehavealargestomach

andonwaistline-whichmakesthemlookround,ratherlikeapples.Othersarefatterbelow

thewaist,whichmakesthemappearpear-shaped./

However,today,moreandmoreconsumersarechoosing“green"anddemandingthatthe

productstheybuyshouldbesafefortheenvironment.Beforetheybuyaproduct,theyask

questionslikethese:"Willthisshampoodamagetheenvironment?”“Canthismetalcontainer

bereusedorcanitonlybeusedonce?7

ultwasthebestnightwe'veeverhad,“saidAngelaCarraro,whorunsanItalianrestauranton

42ndstreet.uWehadlotsofcandlesonthetablesandthewaiterswerecarryingcandleson

theirtrays.Theplacewasfull--andallnight,infact,forafterwehadclosed,weletthepeople

stayonandspendthenightthere.n

三、分-總型

（這類結構是中國人的習慣，因此在英語文章中很少。）

1.敘述與點評（以上分?總）

OnthenightofthepartyMerlinrolledintotheroomplayinghisviolin.Everyonewas

astonishedtoseehim.Therewasjustoneproblem.Merlinhadnowaytostophisrollerskates.

Herolledonandon.Suddenly,heranintoahugemirrorthatwashangingonthewall.Down

fellthemirror,breakingtopiece.NobodyforgotMerlin'sgrandentranceforalon