第Golang開發(fā)Go依賴管理工具dep安裝驗(yàn)證實(shí)現(xiàn)過程goget-u/golang/dep/cmd/dep

若$GOPATH/bin不在PATH下，則需要將生成的dep文件從$GOPATH/bin移動(dòng)至$GOBIAN下

$dep

DepisatoolformanagingdependenciesforGoprojects

Usage:dep[command]

Commands:

initSetupanewGoproject,ormigrateanexistingone

statusReportthestatusoftheprojectsdependencies

ensureEnsureadependencyissafelyvendoredintheproject

prunePruningisnowperformedautomaticallybydepensure.

versionShowthedepversioninformation

Examples:

depinitsetupanewproject

depensureinstalltheprojectsdependencies

depensure-updateupdatethelockedversionsofalldependencies

depensure-add/pkg/errorsaddadependencytotheproject

Usedephelp[command]formoreinformationaboutacommand.

在項(xiàng)目根目錄執(zhí)行初始化命令，dep在初始化時(shí)會(huì)分析應(yīng)用程序所需要的所有依賴包，得出依賴包清單

并生成vendor目錄，Gopkg.toml、Gopkg.lock文件

默認(rèn)初始化

$depinit-v

直接從對應(yīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源處下載

優(yōu)先從$GOPATH初始化

$depinit-gopath-v

該命令會(huì)先從$GOPATH查找既有的依賴包，若不存在則從對應(yīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源處下載

Gopkg.toml

該文件由depinit生成，包含管理dep行為的規(guī)則聲明

required=[/user/thing/cmd/thing]

ignored=[

/user/project/pkgX,

/user/project/pkgA/pkgY

[metadata]

key1=valuethatconveydatatoothersystems

system1-data=valuethatisusedbyasystem

system2-data=valuethatisusedbyanothersystem

[[constraint]]

#Required:therootimportpathoftheprojectbeingconstrained.

name=/user/project

#Recommended:theversionconstrainttoenforcefortheproject.

#Notethatonlyoneofbranch,versionorrevisioncanbespecified.

version=1.0.0

branch=master

revision=abc123

#Optional:analternatelocation(URLorimportpath)fortheprojectssource.

source=/myfork/package.git

#Optional:metadataabouttheconstraintoroverridethatcouldbeusedbyotherindependentsystems

[metadata]

key1=valuethatconveydatatoothersystems

system1-data=valuethatisusedbyasystem

system2-data=valuethatisusedbyanothersystem

Gopkg.lock

該文件由depensure和depinit生成，包含一個(gè)項(xiàng)目依賴關(guān)系圖的傳遞完整快照，表示為一系列[[project]]節(jié)

#Thisfileisautogenerated,donotedit;changesmaybeundonebythenextdepensure.

[[projects]]

branch=master

name=/golang/protobuf

packages=[

jsonpb,

proto,

protoc-gen-go/descriptor,

ptypes,

ptypes/any,

ptypes/duration,

ptypes/struct,

ptypes/timestamp

revision=bbd03ef6da3a115852eaf24c8a1c46aeb39aa175

depensure

從項(xiàng)目中的Gopkg.toml和Gopkg.lock中分析關(guān)系圖，并獲取所需的依賴包

用于確保本地的關(guān)系圖、鎖、依賴包清單完全一致

depensure-add

#引入該依賴包的最新版本

depensure-add/pkg/foo

#引入具有特定約束（指定版本）的依賴包

depensure-add/pkg/foo@^1.0.1