SectionⅡReadingandThinkingUNIT4NATURALDISASTERSSectionⅡReadingandThinking自主式預(yù)習Ⅰ.根據(jù)語境寫出黑體單詞的漢語意思1.

The

boy

had

the

presence

of

mind

to

turn

off

the

gas.

?2.

A

large

number

of

bridges

fell

into

ruin

after

the

big

flood.

?3.

They

achieved

their

goal

of

increasing

sales

by

five

percent.

?燃氣毀壞百分之……4.

The

house

was

a

handsome

four－story

brick

structure.

?5.

This

was

a

time

when

the

first

metal

was

brought

to

Britain.

?6.

We

are

making

great

effort

to

prevent

the

flu

virus

spreading.

?7.

You

should

be

able

to

guess

the

meaning

of

the

word

from

the

context.

?磚金屬努力上下文Ⅱ.拓展詞匯知變形教材詞匯拓展詞匯

n.震驚；

令人震驚的事；休克

vt.

(使)震驚shocking

adj.令人震驚的；極壞的shocked

adj.震驚的；生氣的shock教材詞匯拓展詞匯

n.

電；電能electrical

adj.電的；與電有關(guān)的electric

adj.電的；電動的；用電的；令人激

動的

vt.使落入

險境；使陷入圈套

n.險境；陷阱trapped

adj.陷入困境的；受到限制的electricitytrap教材詞匯拓展詞匯

vi.

&

vt.

呼吸breath

n.呼吸；氣息

vt.

&

vi.

復活；(使)蘇醒

n.振興；復蘇

vi.

&

vt.

統(tǒng)一；(使)成一體unified

adj.統(tǒng)一的breathereviverevivalunify教材詞匯拓展詞匯

n.智

慧；才智wise

adj.聰明的；有智慧的

vt.遭

受；蒙受vi.

(因疾病、痛苦、

悲傷等)受苦suffering

n.痛苦；受難wisdomsufferⅢ.根據(jù)提示用適當?shù)亩陶Z填空1.

How

does

she

keep

smiling

after

all

she

has

(經(jīng)

歷)？2.

Her

life

has

not

(結(jié)束)，and

she

also

doesn’t

know

what

is

waiting

for

her

ahead.3.

We

breathe

polluted

air，making

us

(遭受)

lung

and

liver

diseases.4.

The

city

lay

(破敗不堪)

after

the

big

earthquake.gone

throughcome

to

an

endsuffer

fromin

ruins5.

When

I

told

them

the

news，they

were

all

(震驚)；they

couldn’t

believe

it.6.

He

had

no

choice

but

to

sit

there

(像往常一樣).7.

It

was

(在……的時候)

crisis

(危機)

that

I

finally

found

out

what

he

was

really

like.8.

The

buffalo

(野牛)

then

tried

to

lift

itself

up，with

great

difficulty，

and

after

some

time

managed

to

(重新站起

來).9.

She

talked

(好像)

she

knew

all

about

our

plans.in

shockas

usualin

times

ofget

back

up

on

its

feetas

ifⅣ.補全句子1.句型公式：too

...

to

...Chickens

and

even

pigs

were

，and

dogs

refused

to

go

inside

buildings.雞甚至豬緊張得不吃食了，狗拒絕進屋。2.句型公式：as

if引導表語從句It

seemed

?！仿佛世界末日即將來臨！too

nervous

to

eatas

if

the

world

were

coming

to

an

end3.句型公式：主語＋be＋adj.＋to

doWater，food，and

electricity

?.水、食物和電都很難獲得。were

hard

to

get4.句型公式：though引導讓步狀語從句Some

were

found

alive，

?

，but

others

had

already

stopped

breathing

when

they

were

discovered.一些人被發(fā)現(xiàn)時還活著，盡管傷勢嚴重，而其他人在被發(fā)現(xiàn)時已經(jīng)停

止了呼吸。though

they

were

suffering

from

terrible

injuries5.句型公式：疑問詞＋插入語

helped

in

the

revival

of

Tangshan

city？你認為是什么幫助了唐山市的復興？What

do

you

think多維化析文

Activity

1：Finish

the

structure

according

to

the

textSectionⅡReadingandThinkingbeforestrangeshaking/toshakeruinsdestroyedrescueeffortsafter

Activity

2：Choose

the

best

answer

for

each

question

according

to

the

text1.

What

does

the

first

paragraph

mainly

talk

about？A.

Animals’

activities

before

the

earthquake.B.

Warning

signs

before

the

earthquake.C.

Detailed

descriptions

of

the

earthquake.D.

Natural

phenomena

during

the

earthquake.√2.

Which

of

the

following

statements

is

right？A.

Half

of

the

nation

felt

the

Tangshan

earthquake.B.

One

third

of

the

people

in

Tangshan

were

dead

or

injured.C.

The

Tangshan

earthquake

took

place

when

people

were

sleeping.D.

The

Tangshan

earthquake

also

caused

serious

damage

to

Beijing.√3.

Which

of

the

following

was

not

mentioned

in

Paragraph

3？A.

Buildings

were

destroyed

badly.B.

Transports

were

cut

off.C.

Rivers

were

filled

with

dirt

and

sands.D.

Water，food

and

electricity

were

difficult

to

get.√4.

What

should

we

do

in

times

of

disaster

according

to

the

last

paragraph？A.

Get

back

up

on

our

own

feet

only.B.

Unify

and

be

positive.C.

Wait

for

outside

rescue.D.

Move

to

other

places

to

rebuild

homes.√

Activity

3：Fill

in

the

blanks

according

to

the

text

Strange

things

were

happening

in

the

countryside

of

northeastern

Hebei.

At

about

3：00

a.m.

on

28

July

1976，bright

lights

1.

?

(see)

in

the

sky

outside

the

city

of

Tangshan

and

loud

noises

were

heard.

But

the

city’s

one

million

people

were

2.

?

(sleep)

as

usual

that

night.

At

3：42

a.m.，everything

began

to

shake.

were

seenasleep/sleepingIt

seemed

as

if

the

world

were

coming

to

3.

end！In

less

than

one

minute，a

large

city

4.

(lie)

in

ruins.

Two

thirds

of

the

people

who

lived

there

were

dead

or

5.

(injure).

Everywhere

survivors

looked，there

was

nothing

6.

ruins.

Nearly

everything

in

the

city

was

destroyed.

But

soon

after

the

quakes，many

7.

(soldier)

and

doctors

were

sent

to

Tangshan

to

help

those

who

were

trapped

and

lost

homes.

8.

(slow)

the

city

began

9.

(breathe)

again.

The

city

began

to

revive

itself

and

get

back

up

10.

its

feet.anlayinjuredbutsoldiersSlowlyto

breatheonActivity

4：Analyse

the

difficult

sentences

and

translate

them1.

Eleven

kilometres

directly

below

the

city，one

of

the

most

deadly

earthquakes

of

the

20th

century

had

begun，a

quake

that

even

caused

damage

more

than

150

kilometres

away

in

Beijing.[句子分析]名詞短語Eleven

kilometres

directly

below

the

city作

?

狀語，a

quake作主語one

of

the

most

deadly

earthquakes

of

the

20th

century的

，that引導

從句，修飾a

quake。[嘗試翻譯]

?

?

?地點

同位語定語在城市正下方的11千米處，20世紀傷亡最嚴重的地

震之一爆發(fā)了，這場地震甚至對遠在150多千米以外的北京造成了

破壞。2.

Soon

after

the

quakes，the

army

sent

150，000

soldiers

to

Tangshan

to

dig

out

those

who

were

trapped

and

to

bury

the

dead.[句子分析]Soon

after

the

quakes作

狀語，不定式短語to

dig

out

those

who

were

trapped

and

to

bury

the

dead作

?狀語，其中

who

were

trapped是

從句，修飾those。[嘗試翻譯]

?

?時間目的定語地震發(fā)生后不久，部隊派出了15萬名士兵奔赴唐山，將

受困群眾從廢墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。3.

Tangshan

city

has

proved

to

China

and

the

rest

of

the

world

that

in

times

of

disaster，people

must

unify

and

show

the

wisdom

to

stay

positive

and

rebuild

for

a

brighter

future.[句子分析]此句是

句。主句是Tangshan

city

has

proved

to

China

and

the

rest

of

the

world，從句是that引導的

?從句。從句

中in

times

of

disaster作

?狀語。[嘗試翻譯]

?

?復合賓語時間唐山向中國、向世界證明，在自然災(zāi)害中，人類必須勠

力同心，保持積極樂觀的心態(tài)和重建家園的決心。

Activity

5：Think

and

answer

the

following

questions1.

What

else

can

we

do

to

help

those

survivors

who

lost

families，

especially

those

kids

who

lost

parents？2.

Can

you

think

of

some

other

serious

earthquakes

in

history？答案：略。任務(wù)型課堂1.

shock

n.震驚；令人震驚的事；休克vt.

(使)震驚[教材原文]People

were

in

shock－and

then，later

that

afternoon，

another

big

quake

shook

Tangshan

again.人們還處在驚愕之中時，接著那天下午，另一場大的地震再次襲擊了

唐山。SectionⅡReadingandThinking[歸納拓展](1)in

shock震驚；吃驚with

shock驚訝地to

one’s

shock使某人感到吃驚的是(2)shocked

adj.震驚的；生氣的be

shocked

at/by對……感到震驚(3)shocking

adj.令人震驚的；極壞的[即學即練](1)單句語法填空①His

mother

was

shocked

the

news

of

his

winning

first

prize.②All

of

the

people

present

felt

at

the

news.

(shock)at/byshockedshocking(2)一句多譯這個消息令會議上的人很震驚。①The

news

?.②The

people

at

the

meeting

?.made

the

people

at

the

meeting

very

shockedwere

shocked

at/by

the

news2.

trap

vt.使落入險境；使陷入圈套n.險境；陷阱[教材原文]Soon

after

the

quakes，the

army

sent

150，000

soldiers

to

Tangshan

to

dig

out

those

who

were

trapped

and

to

bury

the

dead.地震發(fā)生后不久，部隊派出了15萬名士兵奔赴唐山，將受困群眾從廢

墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。[歸納拓展](1)trap

sb.

into

(doing)

sth.使某人陷入(做)某事的圈套；誘騙某人(做)

某事be/become/get

trapped

in被困在……中(2)fall

into

a

trap落入陷阱/圈套set/lay

a

trap

for為……設(shè)圈套[即學即練](1)單句語法填空①The

man

trapped

the

little

boy

into

(enter)

the

building.②Unfortunately，we

(trap)

in

the

burning

building

last

night.③After

a

while，the

people

(trap)

in

the

house

got

very

upset.enteringwere

trappedtrapped(2)完成句子When

travelling，they

，waiting

to

be

rescued.旅行時，他們被困在山上，等待救援。were

trapped

in

the

mountain3.

bury

vt.埋葬；安葬[教材原文]Soon

after

the

quakes，the

army

sent

150，000

soldiers

to

Tangshan

to

dig

out

those

who

were

trapped

and

to

bury

the

dead.地震發(fā)生后不久，部隊派出了15萬名士兵奔赴唐山，將受困群眾從廢

墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。[歸納拓展]bury

one’s

face

in

one’s

hands雙手掩面bury

oneself

in

＝be

buried

in埋頭于；專心于……be

buried

in

thought沉思[即學即練](1)單句語法填空①He

was

sitting

with

his

head

(bury)

in

a

book.②The

children

were

too

buried

their

game

to

feel

hungry.buriedin(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換Because

he

was

buried

in

his

study，he

wasn’t

aware

that

all

the

others

had

left.→

，he

wasn’t

aware

that

all

the

others

had

left.

(動詞－ing形式短語作狀語)→

，he

wasn’t

aware

that

all

the

others

had

left.

(過去分詞短語作狀語)Burying

himself

in

his

studyBuried

in

his

study4.

breathe

vi.

&

vt.呼吸[教材原文]Slowly，the

city

began

to

breathe

again.慢慢地，這個城市又開始了呼吸。[歸納拓展](1)breathe

in/out吸氣/呼氣breathe

deeply深呼吸(2)breath

n.呼吸；氣息take

a

deep

breath做深呼吸hold

one’s

breath屏住氣；屏息

lose

one’s

breath喘不過氣來out

of

breath喘不過氣地(3)breathless

adj.氣喘吁吁的；喘不過氣來的[即學即練](1)單句語法填空①He

became

ill

after

breathing

a

lot

of

coal

dust

(煤粉)

for

many

years.②The

long

climb

made

me

feel

(breath).inbreathless(2)完成句子①She

from

climbing

the

stairs.爬樓梯使她上氣不接下氣。②The

swimmer

couldn’t

any

longer.那個游泳的人再也不能屏住呼吸了。was

out

of

breathhold

her/his

breath5.

suffer

vt.遭受；蒙受vi.

(因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等)受苦[教材原文]Some

were

found

alive，though

they

were

suffering

from

terrible

injuries，but

others

had

already

stopped

breathing

when

they

were

discovered.一些人被發(fā)現(xiàn)時還活著，盡管傷勢嚴重，而其他人在被發(fā)現(xiàn)時已經(jīng)停

止了呼吸。[歸納拓展](1)suffer

a

loss/pain/defeat/poverty遭受損失/疼痛/失敗/貧窮suffer

from遭受；患……病(2)suffering

n.痛苦；苦難[即學即練](1)單句語法填空①It

is

likely

that

you

will

suffer

bad

health

if

you

keep

smoking.②I

have

not

understood

enough

of

your

difficulties

and

?

(suffer).fromsufferings(2)句式升級John

has

suffered

from

lung

cancer

for

many

years.

He

has

decided

to

give

up

smoking.→

，John

has

decided

to

give

up

smoking.

(非謂語動詞作狀語)Having

suffered

from

lung

cancer

for

many

years6.

主語＋be＋adj.＋to

do[教材原文]Water，food，and

electricity

were

hard

to

get.水、食物和電都很難獲得。[句式分析]該句屬于“主語＋be＋adj.＋to

do”結(jié)構(gòu)。[歸納拓展](1)常用于“主語＋be＋adj.＋to

do”結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞有：difficult，

hard，easy，comfortable，pleasant，interesting，exciting等。(2)“主語＋be＋adj.＋to

do”結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式和句子主語是動賓關(guān)

系，但用主動形式表示被動含義。(3)“主語＋be＋adj.＋to

do”結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式有時會帶上自己的邏輯

主語(for

sb.)。(4)“主語＋be＋adj.＋to