Unit2Improvingyourself單元語法詳解外研版新教材選擇性必修二

原創(chuàng)Cao

本單元重點(diǎn)語法→過去完成時的被動語態(tài)

a.Atthestartofthedetox,over100studentshadbeenpersuadedtostopusingsocialmedia,…..（教材

P14）b.Theyhadbeenpromisedmoneybyfamilyandfriendsforeachdayspentwithoutusingsocialmedia.(教材P14)c.Butonreflection,Icanseehowmuchofmytimehadbeenoccupiedwithcheckingmyphone.(教材

P14)d.Noneofthemhadbeenlostordamaged.(教材

P19)◆原句再現(xiàn)◆過去完成時被動語態(tài)的含義●

過去某一時刻或某一事件前完成的被動動作，請觀察以下句子Bytheendoflasttermtwelveunitshadbeenlearnedbyus.到上學(xué)期末，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)完了十二個單元b.Thejobhadbeenfinishedwhentheyarrived.他們到達(dá)的時候，這件工作已經(jīng)完成了●某一時刻或某一事件前已發(fā)生但未完成的動作，請觀察以下句子ByDecemberlastyear,thebridgehadbeenbuiltfortwoyears.到去年十二月為止，這座橋已經(jīng)修兩年了●

表示非真實(shí)的過去動作，請觀察以下句子a.IfIhadbeeninvited,

I

wouldhavegonewithyou.b.Ifthemeetinghadbeenheld,wewouldknowtheinformationnow.●主語+had+been+過去分詞，即:主語+had+been+done……..,請觀察以下句子◆過去完成時被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成a.Hehadbeenadmittedtoakeyuniversitybeforehegotthenews.b.

Myhomeworkhadbeenfinishedbythattime.◆過去完成時被動語態(tài)的用法●

用在told,said,knew,thought等動詞后的賓語從句中，表示賓語從句的動作已經(jīng)被完成，請觀察以下句子a.Hesaidthatthebookshadalreadybeensoldout.b.Shetoldmethatshehadbeenemployedbyabigcompany.c.Latertheyknewthattheyhadbeennotinvited.d.Thestudentsthoughtthatthebuildinghadbeenfinished,butinfact,itwasimpossible.※溫馨告知：

after,before等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，由于這類詞本身意義能明確表示時間先后關(guān)系，因此，謂語動詞常用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)代替過去完成時的被動語態(tài)，請觀察下面句子Afterhishomeworkwasfinished,hewenthome.●當(dāng)when,before,bythetime,until等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句謂語是一般過去時，以及by,before后接過去的時間，主句的動作發(fā)生在從句的動作或過去的時間之前且表示被動時，要用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)，請觀察以下句子Bytheendoflastyear,120bridgeshadbeenbuilt.b.Themanhadbeenbeatenwhenthepolicecame.c.Theclassroomhadbeendecoratedbeforetheteacherarrived.●在Itwasthefirst/second/….timethat…從句中，主語時動作的承受者時，用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)，請觀察以下句子a.Itwasthesecondtimethathisbikehadbeenstolen.

b.ItwasthefirsttimethattheboyhadbeentakentoBeijinginayear.

c.Itwasthelasttimethathehadbeenpunishedbyhisfather.●在虛擬語氣中，條件句表示與過去事實(shí)相反，且主語時動作的承受者時，用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)，請觀察以下句子Iftheworkhadbeenfinishedearlier,

wewouldhavehadtimetoseeafilm.b.Ifthebridgehadbeenfinished,wewouldhavegoneacrossit.c.Ifhehadbeentoldthenewsthen,hewouldhavebeenexcited.d.Iftheroadhadbeenbuiltearlierlastyear,thechildreninthevillagecouldhaveriddentheirbikesonit.e.Ifmyadvicehadbeentaken,theywouldn’thavefailed.f.Ifyouhadbeenwokenupyesterdaymorning,youcouldhavegottothefactoryontime.◆過去完成時被動語態(tài)的基本形式(以動詞do為例)●

肯定式：主語

+had+been+done…●否定式：主語

+hadn’t+been+done…●一般疑問式及回答：--Had+主語+beendone…?--Yes,主語+had.--No,主語+hadn’t.◆考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練1.WhenLiMinghurriedhome,hefoundthathismother____already_____tohospital.A.has;beensentB.had;sentC.has;sentD.had;beensent2.FiveEnglishsongs________byallofusbytheendoflastterm.A.hadbeenlearnedB.learnedC.havelearnedD.willhavelearned3.HanMeitoldmethebooks___lunch,soshewasverydisappointed.A.hassoldoutB.hasn'tsoldoutC.havesoldoutD.hadn'tbeensoldout4.Bytheendof1976,manybuildings_____builtinthecity.A.havebeenB.haveC.hadbeenD.willDADC5.Herkeys________intheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband_____home.A.hasleft;comesB.hadleft;wouldcomeC.hadbeenleft;cameD.left;hadcome6.Hesaidthatit_____whenIaskedhimforthetimeofthemeeting.A.hadbeenputoffB.havebeenputoffC.hasbeenputoffD.isputoff7.Theclassroom__________beforetheteachercame.A.havebeencleanedB.hadcleanedC.hadn'tbeencleanedD.hasbeencleaned8.Howmanybuildings__________whenthehurricaneended?A.havedestroyedB.haddestroyedC.havebeendestroyedD.hadbeendestroyedCACD9._______thenewplan______beforethemeeting?A.Had…beendiscussedB.Has…..beendiscussedC.HaddiscussedD.Has…..discussed10.Thesaidtheproductioncosts__________.A.hadreducedB.hadbeenreducedC.havereducedD.havebeenreduced11.Theboywasremindedthathishomework_________in.A.hadnotbeenhandedB.hadnothandedC.hasnothandedD.hasnotbeenhanded12.Themediareportedmorethan1,000people__________intheearthquake.A.hadkilledB.havekilledC.havebeenkilledD.hadbeenkilled