2025全國英語等級考試（PETS）二級試卷：物聯(lián)網網絡英語應用考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、單項選擇（每題2分，共20分）1.TheInternetofThings(IoT)isanetworkof__________thatenablestheconnectionandcommunicationofvariousdevicesandobjects.A.sensorsB.devicesC.computersD.alloftheabove2.IntheIoT,dataiscollectedandanalyzedthrough__________,whichareusedtomonitorandcontroldevices.A.gatewaysB.serversC.databasesD.applications3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacharacteristicofIoTdevices?A.Theyareinterconnected.B.Theyareself-sustaining.C.Theyrequirehumaninterventionforoperation.D.Theycancommunicatewitheachother.4.Theprocessofconnectingdevicestotheinternetiscalled__________.A.networkingB.interfacingC.interlinkingD.integrating5.InanIoTsystem,__________isusedtotransmitdatafromonedevicetoanother.A.arouterB.agatewayC.aswitchD.abridge6.TheIoThasthepotentialtorevolutionize__________byprovidingreal-timedataandimprovedautomation.A.transportationB.healthcareC.agricultureD.alloftheabove7.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanapplicationofIoTinthesmarthome?A.SmartlightingB.SmartheatingandcoolingC.SmartsecuritysystemsD.Smartcooking8.InthecontextofIoT,a__________isadevicethatconnectstotheinternetandhastheabilitytosendandreceivedata.A.sensorB.gatewayC.applicationD.server9.The__________layerintheIoTisresponsiblefortheactualcommunicationbetweendevices.A.networkB.transportC.applicationD.physical10.WhichofthefollowingisNOTachallengefacedbyIoTsystems?A.SecurityissuesB.ScalabilityissuesC.InteroperabilityissuesD.Energyconsumption二、閱讀理解（每題3分，共30分）Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestionsthatfollow.TheInternetofThings(IoT)hasbecomeanintegralpartofourdailylives,connectingvariousdevicesandobjectstotheinternet.Thishasledtoawiderangeofapplications,fromsmarthomestoindustrialautomation.OneofthekeycomponentsofIoTisthesensor.Sensorsaredevicesthatcollectdatafromtheenvironmentandtransmitittootherdevices.Theyplayacrucialroleinenablingdevicestocommunicateandmakeinformeddecisionsbasedonreal-timedata.Therearevarioustypesofsensors,eachdesignedtodetectandmeasuredifferenttypesofdata.Forexample,temperaturesensorscanmeasurethetemperatureofaroomorabuilding,whilemotionsensorscandetectmovementinaparticulararea.ThesesensorsareoftenintegratedintoIoTdevices,allowingthemtocollectandtransmitdataforanalysisandcontrol.Inthesmarthome,sensorsareusedtoautomatevarioustasks.Forinstance,motionsensorscanturnonlightswhensomeoneentersaroom,whiletemperaturesensorscanadjusttheheatingorcoolingsystembasedontheambienttemperature.Thisnotonlyprovidesconveniencebutalsohelpsinenergyconservation.IndustrialautomationisanotherareawhereIoTsensorsareextensivelyused.Inmanufacturing,sensorscanmonitortheperformanceofmachineryandequipment,detectanyabnormalities,andprovidereal-timedataforpredictivemaintenance.Thishelpsinreducingdowntimeandimprovingproductivity.However,alongwiththebenefits,therearealsochallengesassociatedwithIoT.Securityisamajorconcern,asconnecteddevicescanbevulnerabletocyber-attacks.Additionally,interoperabilityissuescanariseduetothediverserangeofdevicesandplatformsusedinIoT.11.WhatisthemainpurposeofsensorsinthecontextofIoT?A.Tocollectandtransmitdata.B.Toprovideentertainment.C.Tocontroldevicesremotely.D.Tocommunicatewithotherdevices.12.WhichofthefollowingisNOTatypeofsensormentionedinthepassage?A.TemperaturesensorB.SoundsensorC.MotionsensorD.Lightsensor13.Howdosensorscontributetoenergyconservationinsmarthomes?A.Byautomaticallyadjustingtheheatingandcoolingsystems.B.Byprovidingreal-timedataforenergyusage.C.Byreducingtheneedformanualintervention.D.Alloftheabove.14.WhatisoneofthechallengesfacedbyIoTsystems?A.SecurityissuesB.InteroperabilityissuesC.EnergyconsumptionD.Alloftheabove15.Howcansensorsbeusedinindustrialautomation?A.Tomonitortheperformanceofmachineryandequipment.B.Todetectabnormalitiesinreal-time.C.Toprovidedataforpredictivemaintenance.D.Alloftheabove三、完形填空（每題2分，共20分）IntheeraoftheInternetofThings(IoT),theworldisbecomingincreasinglyinterconnected.TheIoTreferstothenetworkof__________,whichcancommunicateandexchangedatawitheachother.Thisnetworkencompassesawiderangeofdevices,from__________to__________.OneofthekeytechnologiesbehindtheIoTisthe__________.Sensorsareusedtocollect__________fromtheenvironmentandtransmitittootherdevices.Thesesensorscanbefoundinvariousforms,suchas__________,__________,and__________.Thedatacollectedbysensorsistransmittedthrough__________,whichconnectthedevicestotheinternet.Thisenablesdevicesto__________andreceivedatafromotherdevices.Thedatacollectedcanthenbeanalyzedandusedto__________andimprovetheperformanceofvariousapplications.However,theIoTalsopresents__________.Oneofthemajorconcernsis__________,whichcanbeathreattothesecurityofconnecteddevices.Anotherchallengeis__________,whicharisesduetothediverserangeofdevicesandplatformsusedintheIoT.Inordertoaddressthesechallenges,__________arebeingdeveloped.Theseinclude__________,__________,and__________.Byimplementingthesemeasures,wecanensurethe__________andreliableoperationofIoTsystems.16.devices17.smarthomedevices18.industrialequipment19.sensors20.environmentalinformation21.temperaturesensors22.motionsensors23.lightsensors24.gateways25.communicate26.analyze27.improve28.challenges29.security30.interoperability31.solutions32.encryption33.authentication34.standardization35.secure四、翻譯（每題3分，共30分）36.TheInternetofThings(IoT)istransformingthewaywelive,work,andinteractwithourenvironment.Itisexpectedtocreateamassiveimpactonvariousindustries,includinghealthcare,transportation,andagriculture.37.TheprimarypurposeofIoTdevicesistocollectandanalyzedatainreal-time,enablingbetterdecision-makingandautomation.Thisdata-drivenapproachhasthepotentialtooptimizeprocesses,reducecosts,andenhanceefficiency.38.Inasmarthome,variousdevicessuchaslighting,heating,andsecuritysystemsareconnectedtotheinternet.Thisallowsuserstocontrolandmonitortheirhomesremotely,providingconvenienceandenergysavings.39.ThedevelopmentofIoThasopenedupnewopportunitiesforinnovationinthehealthcaresector.Wearabledevices,forexample,canmonitorpatients'healthconditionsandtransmitdatatohealthcareprofessionals,leadingtobetterpreventivecareandtimelyinterventions.40.IndustrialIoT(IIoT)playsacrucialroleinmanufacturingandproductionprocesses.Byintegratingsensorsandsmartdevices,factoriescanimproveoperationalefficiency,reducedowntime,andenhanceoverallproductivity.五、閱讀理解（每題3分，共30分）Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestionsthatfollow.TheInternetofThings(IoT)isrevolutionizingthewaybusinessesoperate.OneofthekeybenefitsofIoTisitsabilitytoenablepredictivemaintenance.Predictivemaintenanceisaproactiveapproachtomaintenancethatusesdataandanalyticstopredictwhenequipmentwillfail,allowingfortimelyrepairsandreplacements.ByimplementingIoTsolutions,companiescanmonitortheperformanceoftheirequipmentinreal-time.Sensorsinstalledonmachinerycancollectdataonvariousparameters,suchastemperature,vibration,andpressure.Thisdataisthentransmittedtoacentralsystemforanalysis.Theanalysisofthisdatahelpsidentifypotentialissuesbeforetheycausesignificantdowntimeordamage.Forexample,ifasensordetectsthatapieceofequipmentisoperatingatanunusualtemperature,itcantriggeranalerttomaintenancepersonnel,whocanthentakeappropriateaction.Predictivemaintenanceoffersseveraladvantagestobusinesses.Firstly,ithelpsreducedowntimebyaddressingissuesbeforetheybecomemajorproblems.Secondly,itcanleadtocostsavingsbypreventingcostlyrepairsandreplacements.Lastly,itimprovestheoverallefficiencyandreliabilityofoperations.However,therearechallengesassociatedwithimplementingpredictivemaintenanceinIoTsystems.Oneofthemainchallengesisthecollectionandstorageoflargevolumesofdata.Companiesneedtoensurethattheyhavetheinfrastructureandexpertisetomanageandanalyzethisdataeffectively.41.WhatisthemainpurposeofpredictivemaintenanceinIoT?A.Toreducedowntime.B.Toincreaseproduction.C.Toimproveemployeeperformance.D.Alloftheabove.42.Whatroledosensorsplayinpredictivemaintenance?A.Tocollectdataonequipmentperformance.B.Tocontroltheoperationofmachinery.C.Toprovideentertainment.D.Tomonitorenergyconsumption.43.Howdoespredictivemaintenanceleadtocostsavingsforbusinesses?A.Bypreventingcostlyrepairsandreplacements.B.Byincreasingthelifespanofequipment.C.Byreducingtheneedforskilledlabor.D.Alloftheabove.44.WhatisoneofthemainchallengesinimplementingpredictivemaintenanceinIoTsystems?A.Lackofdata.B.Inadequateinfrastructure.C.Limitedexpertise.D.Alloftheabove.45.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanadvantageofpredictivemaintenance?A.Reduceddowntime.B.Increasedrevenue.C.Improvedefficiency.D.Costsavings.六、簡答題（每題5分，共30分）46.ExplainthedifferencebetweentheInternetofThings(IoT)andtheInternet.47.WhatarethemainbenefitsofusingIoTinhealthcare?48.DescribetheroleofsensorsintheInternetofThings.49.HowcanIoThelpimproveenergyefficiencyinsmarthomes?50.WhataresomeofthechallengesfacedbyIoTsystemsintermsofsecurityandinteroperability?本次試卷答案如下：一、單項選擇1.D解析：物聯(lián)網（IoT）是一個由傳感器、設備和計算機組成的網絡，它們可以相互連接并通信。2.A解析：在物聯(lián)網中，網關用于收集傳感器數據并將其傳輸到其他設備。3.C解析：物聯(lián)網設備不需要人類干預即可操作，因此這不是它們的特征。4.D解析：將設備連接到互聯(lián)網的過程稱為集成。5.B解析：網關用于在設備之間傳輸數據。6.D解析：物聯(lián)網有潛力改變所有這些領域，因為它提供了實時數據和改進的自動化。7.D解析：智能烹飪不是物聯(lián)網在智能家居中的應用。8.A解析：傳感器是連接到互聯(lián)網并具有發(fā)送和接收數據能力的設備。9.D解析：物理層負責設備之間的實際通信。10.D解析：物聯(lián)網系統(tǒng)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)包括安全問題、可擴展性問題、互操作性問題和能源消耗。二、閱讀理解11.A解析：傳感器的主要目的是收集和傳輸數據。12.B解析：聲音傳感器在文中沒有提到。13.D解析：傳感器通過自動調整加熱和冷卻系統(tǒng)來幫助節(jié)能。14.D解析：物聯(lián)網系統(tǒng)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)包括安全問題、互操作性問題和能源消耗。15.D解析：傳感器可以用于監(jiān)控機械和設備的性能、檢測異常，并提供數據以進行預測性維護。三、完形填空16.devices解析：物聯(lián)網是指設備網絡。17.smarthomedevices解析：物聯(lián)網包括智能家居設備。18.industrialequipment解析：物聯(lián)網包括工業(yè)設備。19.sensors解析：傳感器是物聯(lián)網背后的關鍵技術。20.environmentalinformation解析：傳感器收集環(huán)境信息。21.temperaturesensors解析：溫度傳感器是傳感器的一種形式。22.motionsensors解