高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1黑龍江省黑河市龍西北名校聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期4月期中考試英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheFreeColorado-BasedEducationalProgramBriefintroductionParticipantsinGirlsonRockgettoexploreforests,hikemountainsandsleepunderthestars.ButthatisonlypartoftheexperiencesyoungwomenseekinthefreeColorado-basededucationalprogram.Theprogramalsoprovidesthemwiththechancetocarryoutfieldresearchwithactualscientists.ThegroupsupportssimilarprogramsintheAmericanstatesofAlaskaandWashington,andinthecountriesofCanadaandSwitzerland.EvelynCheng,anecologist,andMeganBlanchard,achemicalecologist,begandevelopingtheprogramin2014.TheywerebothstudyingattheUniversityofColoradoBoulderfrom2002to2006.ApplicationconditionsTheyoungwomenhaveseveralreasonsforwantingtoentertheprogram.Theywanttomeetnewpeople,beinvolvedinscienceduringthesummerbreakandfacefears.GirlsonRockdoesnotconsideracademicperformancewhenchoosingparticipants.Instead,interestedgirlsareaskedtoexplaininwritingwhytheywanttoparticipateintheprogram.SomeparticipantsInlateJuly,2018,ateamofninegirlsandfiveinstructorslaunchedthefirstGirlsonRocktrip.Thegroupspent12daysintheGoreMountainRangenearFrisco,Colorado.*16-year-oldMiauaxochitlHaskie,fromNewMexico,hopestostudyattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyinthefuture.*16-year-oldChloeCrockerisfromFredericksburg,Texas.*17-year-oldTaliyahEmory-MuhammadisfromSilverSpring,Maryland.*18-year-oldJessiFigardfromNorthCarolinasaidshehadneverhikedbefore.ShehasEhlersDanlossyndrome,which,inthepast,keptherfromsimilaroutdooractivities.*GuadalupeRamirezcamefromthecityofDenver,Colorado.1.WhendidthefirstGirlsonRocktripstart?A.In2002. B.In2006.C.In2014. D.In2018.2.Whatdoapplicantsneedtodowhenapplying?A.Theyneedtobewillingtomakemorefriends.B.Theyneedtogivereasonsfortheirparticipation.C.Theyneedtoexploreforestsandhikemountains.D.Theyneedtoofferexcellentacademicperformance.3.Whohassufferedfromadiseaseinthepastthatstoppedherdoingoutdooractivities?A.MiauaxochitlHaskie. B.JessiFigard.C.GuadalupeRamirez. D.ChloeCrocker.【答案】1.D2.B3.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了科羅拉多州一個免費教育項目“GirlsonRock”的相關(guān)情況?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Someparticipants部分中“InlateJuly,2018,ateamofninegirlsandfiveinstructorslaunchedthefirstGirlsonRocktrip.(2018年7月下旬，一支由9名女孩和5名教練組成的隊伍開啟了第一次“GirlsonRock”之旅)”可知，第一次“GirlsonRock”之旅開始于2018年。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Applicationconditions部分中“Instead,interestedgirlsareaskedtoexplaininwritingwhytheywanttoparticipateintheprogram.(相反，感興趣的女孩們需要書面解釋她們?yōu)槭裁聪雲(yún)⒓舆@個項目)”可知，申請者申請時需要給出她們參加的原因。故選B。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Someparticipants部分中“*18-year-oldJessiFigardfromNorthCarolinasaidshehadneverhikedbefore.ShehasEhlersDanlossyndrome,which,inthepast,keptherfromsimilaroutdooractivities.(來自北卡羅來納州的18歲女孩杰西·菲加德說，她以前從未徒步旅行過。她患有埃勒斯-當(dāng)洛斯綜合征，過去這種病讓她無法參加類似的戶外活動)”可知，JessiFigard過去患有疾病，這阻止了她進(jìn)行戶外活動。故選B。BJameyTurneroftenperformstolargecrowdsinOldTown,Alexandria,Turnerplaysanunusualmusicalinstrument,theglassharp(豎琴).Itismadeupofdifferentdrinkingglasses,eachfilledwithwater.Hemakesmusicbyrunninghisfingersoverthetopsoftheglasses.Bydoingso,eachglassmakesadifferentmusicalsound.Turneris78yearsold,Hehasbeenplayingtheglassharpfor50years.Hebecameinterestedinitattheageofsix,whenheheardhisfatherplayingwithaglassofwateratthedinnertable.TodayTurnerputstogetherhisinstrumentbyplacing60differentglassesonawoodensoundboard.Heholdstheglassesinplacewithrubberbands(橡皮圖)whichkeepthemfrombreaking.Hethenaddsdifferentamountsofwatertoeachonetocreatedifferentmusicalnotes.Addingortakingawayjustalittlewaterwillchangethesound.Addingwatertoaglasswillmakealowersound.Thesmallerglassesofwaterproduceahighersound,whilethelargeronesproducealower,deepersound.Turneruseslow-pricedglassesbecausetheysoundbetterthancostlycrystal(水晶).Beforebuyingnewglasses,hewilltesttheminstoresbyrubbinghisfingeroverthetopsofthem.Theglassharpgainedpopularityabout300yearsago.ThecomposerslikeWolfgangAmadeusMozartwrotemusicfortheinstrument.Therehasbeenabout400musicalcompositionswrittenjustfortheglassharp.ButTurnerplaysallkindsofmusic,evenpopularmusicfromChina.Fewpeopleplaytheglassharpnow,butTurnersaysheseesvideosofpeopleexperimentingwiththeinstrumentonline.Hehopesthenextgenerationwillcontinuemakingitsmusic.4.HowdoesJameyTurnerplaymusicontheglassharp?A.Withhismouth. B.Byaddingwater.C.Withhisfingers. D.Bybreakingglasses.5.Whatmainlyaffectsthevolume(音量)oftheglassharp?A.Thecostlycrystal. B.Therubberband.C.Thelow-pricedglass. D.Theamountofwaterintheglasses.6.Whatdoweknowabouttheglassharpfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Ithasahistoryof300years. B.Peopleusedtoenjoyplayingit.C.ItisfittestforplayingChinesemusic, D.Itispopularamongyoungstersnow.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheLifeofJameyTurner.B.HowtoPlayanUnusualMusicalInstrument.C.JameyTurner’sPerformanceontheGlassHarp.D.AMusicianPleasesCrowdsUsingGlassesFilledwithWater.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了78歲的音樂家JameyTurner用水杯制作玻璃豎琴并演奏以取悅觀眾。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Hemakesmusicbyrunninghisfingersoverthetopsoftheglasses.(他通過用手指在玻璃杯頂部滑動來演奏音樂)”可知，JameyTurner用手指在玻璃豎琴上演奏音樂。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Hethenaddsdifferentamountsofwatertoeachonetocreatedifferentmusicalnotes.Addingortakingawayjustalittlewaterwillchangethesound.(然后，他給每個玻璃杯加入不同量的水，以產(chǎn)生不同的音符。加一點水或減一點水都會改變聲音)”可知，玻璃豎琴的音量主要受玻璃杯中水量影響。故選D。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Theglassharpgainedpopularityabout300yearsago.(玻璃豎琴大約在300年前開始流行起來)”以及“ButTurnerplaysallkindsofmusic,evenpopularmusicfromChina.(但Turner演奏各種音樂，甚至中國的流行音樂)”可推測，過去人們喜歡演奏玻璃豎琴。故選B。【7題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“JameyTurneroftenperformstolargecrowdsinOldTown,Alexandria,Turnerplaysanunusualmusicalinstrument,theglassharp(豎琴).Itismadeupofdifferentdrinkingglasses,eachfilledwithwater.(JameyTurner經(jīng)常在亞歷山大老城為一大群人表演，他演奏一種不同尋常的樂器——玻璃豎琴。它由不同的玻璃杯組成，每個玻璃杯都裝滿了水)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了78歲的音樂家JameyTurner用水杯制作玻璃豎琴并演奏以取悅觀眾，可知，D選項“一位音樂家用水杯演奏取悅觀眾”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。CLongbelievedtohavelittlesocialstructure,giraffesactuallyaresociallycomplex,UniversityofBristolscientistssuggest.Theirsocialorganizationiscomparabletothatofelephants,dolphinsandwhales.LeadauthorZoeMillerstartedresearchworkongiraffesin2005.“Ihadnoticedthatgiraffepopulationnumbersweredecreasing,andIrealizedthatthetallestofalllandanimalshadhardlyhadanyscientificworkdoneonthem,whichIjustfoundunbelievable.Idecidedtodevotemycareertounderstandingthisspeciesbetter,”saidMuller.Mullerandherteamlookedatresearchworkdoneinthe1950s,1960sand1970s.Researchersthenconsideredgiraffesveryunsociableandthattheyformednolong-lastingrelationships.“However,thiswasnotwhatIsawinAfrica,andIstartedtoquestionwhytheyweredescribedashaving‘littleornosocialstructure’whenIcouldclearlyobservethemalwaystogether,”Mullersaid.MullerwasbasedinKenyaforfiveyears,conductingresearchongiraffesandtheirsocialorganization.Sheandherteamfoundthatgiraffesareactuallyahighlycomplexsocialspeciesthatmayliveinmatriarchal(母系的)socialsystemsandincludesharedcareoftheiryoung.“Giraffesmaytakepartinsharedparentingoftheyoung,andremainingroupsofrelatedfemales.Thesetypesofsocialorganizationarewell-knowninotherspecies,forexampleelephantsandwhales,butnobodyhaseverbeforesuggestedthatthesamecouldbetrueforgiraffes,”Mullersaid.Thegrandmothergiraffesstayintheirfamilygroups,passingonsurvivalbenefitsintoughtimestotheyoungermembersofthegroup.Forexample,theymayknowwherethereiswaterorwheretheycanfindfood.“Thisisimportantinformation,asthismeansweshouldfocusonprotectingtheolderadultfemales,sincetheyareimportantmemberstoaidthesurvivalofyoungergenerations,”explainedMuller.8.WhatdidZoeMullerthinkofresearchers’workdoneinthe1950s-1970s?A.Questionable. B.Inspiring. C.Reliable. D.Creative.9.Inwhatwayaregiraffessimilartoelephantsaccordingtothetext?A.Theirpopulationnumbersaredropping.B.Theyremainingroupsofrelatedmales.C.Theyhavebeenwellprotectedinthewild.D.Theytakepartinsharedraisingoftheyoung.10.Whyareolderfemalegiraffesparticularlyworthyofprotection?A.Theycanhelpkeepthebalanceofnature.B.Theycanhelpresearcherslearnaboutgiraffes.C.Theycanpassonlifeskillstotheyoungergenerations.D.Theycanhelpyoungergiraffesgetonwellwitheachother.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SecretsofGiraffes:TheOlder,TheSmarterB.SocialStructure:AGapinAnimalResearchC.Giraffes:MoreSociallyComplexthanImaginedD.SurvivalofGiraffes:TheRoleofOlderMembers【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.C【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。主要介紹了長頸鹿實際上有著復(fù)雜的社會結(jié)構(gòu)，這與人們之前普遍認(rèn)為的長頸鹿社交結(jié)構(gòu)簡單大相徑庭?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Mullerandherteamlookedatresearchworkdoneinthe1950s,1960sand1970s.Researchersthenconsideredgiraffesveryunsociableandthattheyformednolong-lastingrelationships.“However,thiswasnotwhatIsawinAfrica,andIstartedtoquestionwhytheyweredescribedashaving‘littleornosocialstructure’whenIcouldclearlyobservethemalwaystogether,”Mullersaid.(穆勒和她的團(tuán)隊研究了20世紀(jì)50年代、60年代和70年代的研究工作。研究人員認(rèn)為長頸鹿非常不愛交際，它們不會形成長期的關(guān)系?！叭欢?，這不是我在非洲看到的，我開始質(zhì)疑為什么他們被描述為‘很少或沒有社會結(jié)構(gòu)’，而我可以清楚地看到他們總是在一起，”穆勒說)”可知，佐伊·穆勒質(zhì)疑研究人員在20世紀(jì)50年代至70年代所做的工作。故選A項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““Giraffesmaytakepartinsharedparentingoftheyoung,andremainingroupsofrelatedfemales.Thesetypesofsocialorganizationarewell-knowninotherspecies,forexampleelephantsandwhales,butnobodyhaseverbeforesuggestedthatthesamecouldbetrueforgiraffes,”Mullersaid.(“長頸鹿可能會參與共同撫養(yǎng)幼崽，并留在有關(guān)系的雌性群體中。穆勒說：“這些類型的社會組織在其他物種中是眾所周知的，例如大象和鯨魚，但以前沒有人認(rèn)為長頸鹿也可能如此。”)”可知，長頸鹿和大象的相似處在于它們共同撫養(yǎng)孩子。故選D項?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thegrandmothergiraffesstayintheirfamilygroups,passingonsurvivalbenefitsintoughtimestotheyoungermembersofthegroup.Forexample,theymayknowwherethereiswaterorwheretheycanfindfood.“Thisisimportantinformation,asthismeansweshouldfocusonprotectingtheolderadultfemales,sincetheyareimportantmemberstoaidthesurvivalofyoungergenerations,”explainedMuller.(雌性長頸鹿會留在自己的家庭中，在艱難時期將生存利益?zhèn)鬟f給群體中的年輕成員。例如，她們可能知道哪里有水或哪里可以找到食物。穆勒解釋說：“這是重要的信息，因為這意味著我們應(yīng)該把重點放在保護(hù)年長的成年雌性上，因為她們是幫助年輕一代生存的重要成員?！?”可知，年長的雌性長頸鹿可以把生活技能傳授給年輕一代，所以特別值得保護(hù)。故選C項?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Longbelievedtohavelittlesocialstructure,giraffesactuallyaresociallycomplex,UniversityofBristolscientistssuggest.Theirsocialorganizationiscomparabletothatofelephants,dolphinsandwhales.(布里斯托爾大學(xué)的科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為，長頸鹿長期以來被認(rèn)為沒有什么社會結(jié)構(gòu)，實際上它們的社會結(jié)構(gòu)很復(fù)雜。它們的社會組織與大象、海豚和鯨魚相當(dāng))”以及縱觀全文可知，本文主要講述了長頸鹿實際上有著復(fù)雜的社會結(jié)構(gòu)，所以C項“Giraffes:MoreSociallyComplexthanImagined(長頸鹿：比想象中更復(fù)雜的社會)”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選C項。DUrbangreenspaces,suchasparks,gardens,andtree-linedstreets,havelongbeenrecognizedfortheiraesthetic(審美的)andenvironmentalbenefits.However,recentresearchhighlightstheirsignificantimpactonmentalhealth,particularlyindensely(密集地)populatedcities.AstudyconductedbyresearchersattheUniversityofCambridgeanalyzeddatafromover10,000urbanresidentsacross15citiesworldwide,revealingastrongcorrelationbetweenaccesstogreenspacesandimprovedmentalwell-being.Thestudyfoundthatindividualslivingwithin500metersofagreenspacereportedlowerlevelsofstress,anxiety,anddepressioncomparedtothosewithoutsuchaccess.Researchersattribute(歸因于)thistoseveralfactors.First,greenspacesprovideopportunitiesforphysicalactivity,suchaswalking,jogging,orcycling,whichareknowntoreducestresshormonesandboostmood.Second,exposuretonaturehasacalmingeffectonthebrain,reducingmentalfatigue(精神疲勞)andimprovingconcentration.Third,greenspacesfostersocialinteractions,creatingasenseofcommunityandbelongingthatcanalleviatefeelingsofloneliness.Interestingly,thestudyalsorevealedthatthequalityofgreenspacesmattersmorethantheirsize.Well-maintainedparkswithdiversevegetation,seatingareas,andrecreationalfacilitieshadagreaterpositiveimpactthanlargerbutpoorlymaintainedareas.Thissuggeststhaturbanplannersshouldprioritizethedesignandupkeepofgreenspacestomaximizetheirmentalhealthbenefits.Despitethesefindings,thestudyalsoidentifiedchallenges.Inmanycities,greenspacesareunevenlydistributed,withwealthierneighborhoodshavingbetteraccessthanlow-incomeareas.Thisinequalityhighlightstheneedforpoliciesthatensureequitable(公平合理的)accesstogreenspacesforallresidents.Theresearchersrecommendseveralstrategiestoaddresstheseissues.Theseincludeincreasinginvestmentinurbangreeninfrastructure,integratinggreenspacesintourbanplanning,andpromotingcommunityinvolvementinmaintaininglocalparks.Byprioritizinggreenspaces,citiescannotonlyenhancementalhealthbutalsoaddressbroaderenvironmentalchallenges,suchasairpollutionandclimatechange.12.Whatdidthestudyfindaboutindividualslivingneargreenspaces?A.Theyhadhigherlevelsofstress. B.Theypreferredindooractivities.C.Theywerelessphysicallyactive. D.Theyenhancedmentalhealth.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“alleviate”meaninparagraph2?A.Reduce. B.Increase. C.Ignore. D.Create.14.Howisthetextmainlydeveloped?A.Bynarratingpersonalexperiences. B.Bycriticizingurbanplanningpolicies.C.Bycomparingdifferenttypesofgreenspaces. D.Bypresentingresearchfindingsandtheireffects.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.DesigningEffectiveUrbanGreenSpacesB.TheMultifacetedBenefitsofUrbanGreenSpacesC.GreenSpaces:AKeytoEnhancingMentalHealthD.StrategiesforEquitableAccesstoUrbanNature【答案】12.D13.A14.D15.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是城市綠色空間對居民心理健康的影響及提升策略。研究表明，靠近綠色空間可顯著降低壓力、焦慮和抑郁水平。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thestudyfoundthatindividualslivingwithin500metersofagreenspacereportedlowerlevelsofstress,anxiety,anddepressioncomparedtothosewithoutsuchaccess.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，居住在距離綠色空間500米范圍內(nèi)的個體報告的壓力、焦慮和抑郁水平低于那些沒有這種條件的人。)”可知，靠近綠色空間居住的人們感受到的壓力、焦慮和抑郁水平較低，暗示了心理健康的提升。故選D項?！?3題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞所在的主句“Third,greenspacesfostersocialinteractions,creatingasenseofcommunityandbelonging(第三，綠色空間促進(jìn)社交互動，營造一種社區(qū)感和歸屬感)”可知，綠色空間能營造一種社區(qū)和歸屬感，結(jié)合下文中的“feelingsofloneliness(孤獨感)”可知，此處指的是這種社區(qū)和歸屬感能夠“緩解”孤獨感，符合語境，所以劃線單詞的意思與“緩解”意義相近。故選A項。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“However,recentresearchhighlightstheirsignificantimpactonmentalhealth,particularlyindensely(密集地)populatedcities.AstudyconductedbyresearchersattheUniversityofCambridgeanalyzeddatafromover10,000urbanresidentsacross15citiesworldwide,revealingastrongcorrelationbetweenaccesstogreenspacesandimprovedmentalwell-being.(然而，最近的研究強調(diào)了它們對心理健康的重要影響，特別是在人口密集的城市中。劍橋大學(xué)研究人員進(jìn)行的一項研究分析了來自全球15個城市的超過10,000名城市居民的數(shù)據(jù)，揭示了接近綠色空間與改善心理健康之間的強烈關(guān)聯(lián)。)”以及第二段中的“Thestudyfoundthatindividualslivingwithin500metersofagreenspacereportedlowerlevelsofstress,anxiety,anddepressioncomparedtothosewithoutsuchaccess.Researchersattribute(歸因于)thistoseveralfactors.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，居住在距離綠色空間500米范圍內(nèi)的個體報告的壓力、焦慮和抑郁水平低于那些沒有這種條件的人。)”可知，此處圍繞著劍橋大學(xué)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)展開，討論了綠色空間對心理健康的影響，結(jié)合下文介紹的這些研究發(fā)現(xiàn)對于政策制定和個人健康的潛在影響可知，本文是通過展示研究成果及其影響展開論述的。故選D項?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“However,recentresearchhighlightstheirsignificantimpactonmentalhealth,particularlyindensely(密集地)populatedcities.AstudyconductedbyresearchersattheUniversityofCambridgeanalyzeddatafromover10,000urbanresidentsacross15citiesworldwide,revealingastrongcorrelationbetweenaccesstogreenspacesandimprovedmentalwell-being.(然而，最近的研究強調(diào)了它們對心理健康的重要影響，特別是在人口密集的城市中。劍橋大學(xué)研究人員進(jìn)行的一項研究分析了來自全球15個城市的超過10,000名城市居民的數(shù)據(jù)，揭示了接近綠色空間與改善心理健康之間的強烈關(guān)聯(lián)。)”以及下文介紹的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)及其對于政策制定和個人健康的潛在影響和尾段中的“Byprioritizinggreenspaces,citiescannotonlyenhancementalhealthbutalsoaddressbroaderenvironmentalchallenges,suchasairpollutionandclimatechange.(通過重視綠色空間，城市不僅可以提升心理健康，還可以應(yīng)對更廣泛的環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)，如空氣污染和氣候變化。)”可知，本文探討綠色空間與心理健康之間的關(guān)系，并強調(diào)了綠色空間對于提升心理健康的重要性，所以題目“綠色空間：提升心理健康的關(guān)鍵”概括了本文的主題，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Thereisnosingledefinition(定義)ofwhat“backpacking”is.Forsome,itmaybeadecisiontotravellighttolearnaboutthelocalcultureofotherplaces.Forothers,itmaysimplybeawaytosavemoneyontravelcostsbycarryingalltheirbelongingswiththem.___16___Therearemanyreasonswhybackpackingispopular.Forone,itoffersachancetoseetheworld.Itallowsyoutovisitplacesyou’veneverbeentoonabudget.___17___Moreover,manypeoplefindtheindependenceandfreedomaspectofbackpackingtobeveryappealing.Ifyou’replanningabackpackingtrip,thereareafewthingsyoushouldkeepinmindtomakesureyouhaveasafeandenjoyableexperience.___18___Next,youshouldpacklight,asyou’llbecarryingallyourbelongingsonyourback.Thenbesuretopacknecessaryitemslikeamapandacompass.Apartfromphysicalpreparations,youneedtodosomementalpreparations.Youshouldplanyourrouteaheadoftimeafterchoosingyourdestination.___19___Besides,familiarizeyourselfwiththelocalweatherconditionsandbeawareoftherisksofwildanimalsandplantsinthearea.___20___Italldependsonyourbudget,yourtravelstyle,andyourliking.Youthhostels(青年旅舍)aretypicallycheapandofferasocialatmosphere,makingthemapopularchoiceforbackpackers.Campingisanotherpopularoption,asitallowsbackpackerstoexperiencenature.Couchsurfing(沙發(fā)漫游)andhomestaysareothergreatwaystosavemoneyandmeetnewpeople.A.However,backpackingisnotforeveryone.B.First,youneedtochooseabackpackthatiscomfortable.C.Therearevariousaccommodationoptionsforbackpackers.D.Abackpackingjourneyusuallytakesmonthsofpreparation.E.It’salsoagoodwaytomakefriendsandknownewcultures.F.Thisway,youcanbetterunderstandtheareayou’llbeexploring.G.Ingeneral,backpackingisaformoflow-cost,independenttravel.【答案】16.G17.E18.B19.F20.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要圍繞“背包旅行”展開，首先介紹了背包旅行的不同定義，接著闡述了背包旅行受歡迎的原因，然后給出了進(jìn)行背包旅行前的一些準(zhǔn)備建議，包括物質(zhì)和精神上的準(zhǔn)備，最后提到了背包旅行者的住宿選擇?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Thereisnosingledefinition(定義)ofwhat“backpacking”is.Forsome,itmaybeadecisiontotravellighttolearnaboutthelocalcultureofotherplaces.Forothers,itmaysimplybeawaytosavemoneyontravelcostsbycarryingalltheirbelongingswiththem.(對于“背包旅行”并沒有一個單一的定義。對一些人來說，它可能是一種輕裝上陣去了解其他地方當(dāng)?shù)匚幕臎Q定。對另一些人來說，它可能僅僅是一種通過隨身攜帶所有物品來節(jié)省旅行費用的方式。)”可知，上文提到了背包旅行的不同定義。選項G“Ingeneral,backpackingisaformoflow-cost,independenttravel.(一般來說，背包旅行是一種低成本、獨立的旅行方式。)”符合語境，既總結(jié)了前文對背包旅行定義的描述，又引出了下文對背包旅行受歡迎原因的介紹。故選G?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Therearemanyreasonswhybackpackingispopular.Forone,itoffersachancetoseetheworld.Itallowsyoutovisitplacesyou’veneverbeentoonabudget.(背包旅行受歡迎有很多原因。一方面，它提供了一個看世界的機(jī)會。它讓你能夠在預(yù)算范圍內(nèi)游覽你從未去過的地方。)”可知，上文指出了背包旅行受歡迎的原因，背包旅行能讓人有機(jī)會看世界、在預(yù)算內(nèi)游覽從未去過的地方。選項E“It’salsoagoodwaytomakefriendsandknownewcultures.(這也是交朋友和了解新文化的好方法。)”與前文構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，繼續(xù)闡述背包旅行的優(yōu)點，符合邏輯。故選E?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Ifyou’replanningabackpackingtrip,thereareafewthingsyoushouldkeepinmindtomakesureyouhaveasafeandenjoyableexperience.(如果你正計劃一次背包旅行，有幾件事你應(yīng)該牢記在心，以確保你有一次安全又愉快的旅行體驗。)”可知，上文提到計劃背包旅行時有一些事情要記住。而下文“Next,youshouldpacklight,asyou’llbecarryingallyourbelongingsonyourback.Thenbesuretopacknecessaryitemslikeamapandacompass.(接下來，你應(yīng)該輕裝上陣，因為你要背著所有的物品。然后一定要帶上像地圖和指南針這樣的必備物品。)”中的“next、then”則暗示空處應(yīng)該是第一個步驟。選項B“First,youneedtochooseabackpackthatiscomfortable.(首先，你需要選擇一個舒適的背包。)”符合行文邏輯，是準(zhǔn)備背包旅行的第一步。故選B?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Apartfromphysicalpreparations,youneedtodosomementalpreparations.Youshouldplanyourrouteaheadoftimeafterchoosingyourdestination.(除了身體上的準(zhǔn)備，你還需要做一些心理上的準(zhǔn)備。在選擇好目的地之后，你應(yīng)該提前規(guī)劃好路線。)”可知，上文提到要提前規(guī)劃路線。選項F“Thisway,youcanbetterunderstandtheareayou’llbeexploring.(這樣，你就能更好地了解你要探索的區(qū)域)”延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，指出這樣做的好處，同時與上文“planyourrouteaheadoftimeafterchoosingyourdestination”相呼應(yīng)，解釋了提前規(guī)劃路線的目的，邏輯合理。故選F?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Italldependsonyourbudget,yourtravelstyle,andyourliking.Youthhostels(青年旅舍)aretypicallycheapandofferasocialatmosphere,makingthemapopularchoiceforbackpackers.Campingisanotherpopularoption,asitallowsbackpackerstoexperiencenature.Couchsurfing(沙發(fā)漫游)andhomestaysareothergreatwaystosavemoneyandmeetnewpeople.(這完全取決于你的預(yù)算、旅行風(fēng)格以及個人喜好。青年旅舍通常價格便宜，還能提供一種社交氛圍，這使它們成為背包客的熱門選擇。露營是另一個受歡迎的選擇，因為它能讓背包客體驗大自然。沙發(fā)漫游和寄宿家庭是另外很好的省錢方式，還能結(jié)識新朋友。)”可知，下文介紹了青年旅舍、露營、沙發(fā)漫游和寄宿家庭等不同的住宿選擇。選項C“Therearevariousaccommodationoptionsforbackpackers.(背包客有各種各樣的住宿選擇。)”作為總起句，引出下文對不同住宿方式的介紹，符合語境。故選C。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。Thisisastorythathappened15yearsago,butithasalwaysstayedwithmesincethen.Everyeveningonmywayhomefromwork,therewouldbea(n)____21____manstandingattheexitofthefreeway.Heoften____22____ateverycar,smiling.EverytimeIgotclosetohim,Iwouldhandhimsomesparecoins.Healwayssaidtome,“Thankyou.I’mblessed!”AndIalwaysleftwith____23____andsatisfaction.His____24____intheunsettledlifestylereally____25____me.Andhisreplywouldremindmeofhow____26____Iwasamotherwithalovelychild,withaplacetocallhomeandwithajobto____27____mykid.Oneday,IwasinformedbymybossthatIwas____28____duetotheterribleeconomy.Afeelingof____29____surroundedme.Iwasinnomoodtodoanything.Onmywayhome,Ididn’tdo____30____IhadalwaysdonewhenIsawtheman,whowasstill____31____otherswithasmile.Ijustdrovestraightahead.Tomy____32____,whileIwasinlineataredlighttoleavetheramp(坡道),themanstoppedatmycarwithadollarbill,saying____33____,“Youlookunhappy,butyouknowallwillturnoutfine.Giveyouadollartodayand____34____!”Thenheleft.Thatdayhetaughtmealesson.Nomatterwhatmaterialthingsaretakenfromyou,noonecantakeawayyour____35____tobehappy.21.A.annoying B.homeless C.honest D.funny22.A.shouted B.laughed C.waved D.worked23.A.certainty B.patience C.joy D.concern24.A.responsibility B.optimism C.humor D.achievement25.A.discouraged B.troubled C.confused D.impressed26.A.lucky B.mean C.friendly D.ordinary27.A.meet B.arrange C.show D.support28.A.defeated B.challenged C.fired D.charged29.A.worry B.freedom C.relaxation D.doubt30.A.although B.since C.but D.as31.A.stopping B.greeting C.helping D.praising32.A.satisfaction B.regret C.amazement D.disappointment33.A.thoughtfully B.strictly C.aimlessly D.excitedly34.A.watchout B.calmdown C.comealong D.cheerup35.A.choice B.experience C.method D.advantage【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.B25.D26.A27.D28.C29.A30.D31.B32.C33.A34.D35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述作者遇到樂觀的無家可歸者后受其鼓舞，即便生活困頓也能選擇快樂、積極面對的故事?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：每天晚上下班回家的路上，都會有一個無家可歸的人站在高速公路的出口處。A.annoying令人惱怒的；B.homeless無家可歸的；C.honest誠實的；D.funny有趣的。根據(jù)后文“Iwouldhandhimsomesparecoins.(我會給他一些多余的硬幣)”可知，此處是指一個無家可歸的人。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他經(jīng)常向每輛車揮手，微笑著。A.shouted喊叫；B.laughed大笑；C.waved揮手；D.worked工作。根據(jù)后文“ateverycar,smiling”可知，此處是指他經(jīng)常向每輛車揮手。故選C。【23題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我總是帶著喜悅和滿足離開。A.certainty確定性；B.patience耐心；C.joy喜悅；D.concern關(guān)心。根據(jù)后文“andsatisfaction”可知，此處是指帶著喜悅和滿足離開。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他對動蕩生活的樂觀態(tài)度真的給我留下了深刻的印象。A.responsibility責(zé)任；B.optimism樂觀；C.humor幽默；D.achievement成就。根據(jù)前文“Heoftenateverycar,smiling.”可知，此處是指他對動蕩生活的樂觀態(tài)度。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.discouraged使氣餒；B.troubled使煩惱；C.confused使困惑；D.impressed使……印象深刻。根據(jù)前文“Hisintheunsettledlifestyle”可知，此處是指他對動蕩生活的樂觀態(tài)度真的給作者留下了深刻的印象。故選D。【26題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他的回答讓我想起自己作為一個母親是多么幸運，有一個可愛的孩子，有一個可以稱之為家的地方，有一份可以養(yǎng)活孩子的工作。A.lucky幸運的；B.mean吝嗇的；C.friendly友好的；D.ordinary普通的。根據(jù)后文“withalovelychild,withaplacetocallhomeandwithajobtomykid”可知，此處是指作為一個母親是多么幸運。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他的回答讓我想起自己作為一個母親是多么幸運，有一個可愛的孩子，有一個可以稱之為家的地方，有一份可以養(yǎng)活孩子的工作。A.meet遇見；B.arrange安排；C.show展示；D.support養(yǎng)活。根據(jù)前文“withajob”可知，此處是指有一份可以養(yǎng)活孩子的工作。故選D?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天，我的老板告訴我，由于經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣，我被解雇了。A.defeated打?。籅.challenged挑戰(zhàn)；C.fired解雇；D.charged指控。根據(jù)后文“duetotheterribleeconomy”可知，此處是指作者被解雇了。故選C?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一種擔(dān)憂的感覺包圍了我。A.worry擔(dān)憂；B.freedom自由；C.relaxation放松；D.doubt懷疑。根據(jù)前文“IwasinformedbymybossthatIwasduetotheterribleeconomy.”可知，此處是指被解雇后，一種擔(dān)憂的感覺包圍了作者。故選A。【30題詳析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：在回家的路上，我沒有像往常一樣看到那個人就做些什么，那個人仍然微笑著向別人打招呼。A.although雖然；B.since自從，因為；C.but但是；D.as像……一樣。根據(jù)空格前“Ididn’tdo”和空格后“Ihadalwaysdone”可知，此處是指作者沒有像往常一樣看到那個人就做些什么。故選D?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.stopping停止；B.greeting打招呼；C.helping幫助；D.praising表揚。根據(jù)前文“Heoftenateverycar,smiling.”可知，此處是指那個人仍然微笑著向別人打招呼。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令我驚訝的是，當(dāng)我在坡道上排隊等紅燈時，那人拿著一張一美元的鈔票停在我的車旁，體貼地說：“你看起來不開心，但你知道一切都會好起來的。今天給你一美元，振作起來！”A.satisfaction滿意；B.regret后悔；C.amazement驚訝；D.disappointment失望。根據(jù)后文“themanstoppedatmycarwithadollarbill”可知，此處是指令作者驚訝的是。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.thoughtfully體貼地；B.strictly嚴(yán)格地；C.aimlessly漫無目的地；D.excitedly激動地。根據(jù)后文“Youlookunhappy,butyouknowallwillturnoutfine.”可知，此處是指那個人體貼地說。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意同上。A.watchout小心；B.calmdown冷靜；C.comealong出現(xiàn)；D.cheerup振作起來。根據(jù)前文“Youlookunhappy,butyouknowallwillturnoutfine.”可知，此處是指那個人讓作者振作起來。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：無論你失去了什么物質(zhì)上的東西，沒有人能奪走你選擇快樂的能力。A.choice選擇；B.experience經(jīng)歷；C.method方法；D.advantage優(yōu)勢。根據(jù)前文“Nomatterwhatmaterialthingsaretakenfromyou”可知，此處是指沒有人能奪走你選擇快樂的能力。故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ZhaoWenruiisayoungartteacherfromChina,Hewaspraised____36____spendingthreemonthsworkingonAlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestivalontheblackboard.WhenZhaodrewthechalkversion,hejustwantedtodosomethinginteresting____37____(surprise)hisstudentswhentheycamebackfromtheirvacation.After____38____(finish)his