年級(jí)：高二學(xué)科：英語(yǔ)（人教版選擇性必修二）Unit4JourneyacrossaVastLand

Discoverusefulstructures(1)Wewerepleasedtoseethecitywassurroundedbymountains.(2)Seenfromthetrainwindow,themountainslookedmassive.(3)Thegirlnexttomewasamazedtoseesuchaview.(4)Attractedbythebeautifulscenery,shedecidedtostayforacoupleofdays.【語(yǔ)法感悟】1.句(1)和句(3)中的黑體詞都是過去分詞作

。

2.句(2)、句(4)中黑體詞是過去分詞作

。過去分詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成

關(guān)系。

表語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)被動(dòng)(1)Askedwhyhewasabsentfromclass,thelittleboyliedthathewasill.(2)Givenenoughwater,thenewly-plantedtreeswouldnothavedied.(3)Absorbedinpainting,Johndidn’tnoticeeveningapproaching.(4)Publishedmanytimes,thisbookstillsellswellinthemarket.(5)Theprofessorenteredthelecturehall,followedbyagroupofstudents.

時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)條件狀語(yǔ)原因狀語(yǔ)讓步狀語(yǔ)伴隨或結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)過去分詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)——用法由于過去分詞(短語(yǔ))具有副詞的某些特征，因此在句中可以作

狀語(yǔ)。Summary原因、時(shí)間、條件、讓步、伴隨或結(jié)果等Usedforalongtime,thebooklooksold.Usingthebook,Ifinditveryuseful.過去分詞(短語(yǔ))與動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別過去分詞與句子的主語(yǔ)之間存在邏輯上的

，即表示被動(dòng)，往往表示完成；動(dòng)詞-ing形式與句子的主語(yǔ)之間存在邏輯上的

，即表示主動(dòng)，一般表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。(動(dòng)賓關(guān)系)(主謂關(guān)系)動(dòng)賓關(guān)系主謂關(guān)系1.

Thegirlswere

toseesuchanopencountry.

Thefarmscoveredaverylargearea,whichwas

.2.

Goingintothewildernessalonecanbe

.

Doyoufeel

whengoingintothewildernessalone?3.

fromthetopofthemountain,thescenerywasreallyfascinating.

thesceneryfromthetopofthemountain,Iwas

fascinatedbytheautumncolours.4.

eastwards,youwillpasstheCanadianRockies.

Finally,thecompany-

byitsnewmanager-startedto

makeaprofit.Fillineachblankwiththecorrectformofaverbfromthebox,Findthe

differencebetweeneachpairofsentences,payingattentiontothe-edand

-ingforms.ThentranslatethesentencesintoChinesesee

frighten

head

amazeheaded

amazedamazingfrighteningfrightenedSeenSeeingHeading

1.Webecame

whenthinkingaboutthosebeautifullocationsinFinland.We

expectedtoexperiencealotof

thingsthere.2.Wewenttobedassoonaswearrivedatthehotelbecausewewereso

.

The

eight-hourtrainridewasquite

.3.Iwasnot

withthehotel.ItwasnotascleanasIhadexpected.Butwehada

mealatthehotel’srestaurant,soIfeltabitbetterlateron.4.Itwasraininghardthenextday,sowejuststayedinthehotelandwatchedTV.Sadly,theTVprogrammesthatdaywerereally

.

Aswehadnothingelsetodo,wefelt

pretty

.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.

ThentranslatethesentencesintoChinese,payingattentiontothedifferent

meaningsofthe-edand-ingforms.

bore

excite

tire

satisfyboringexcitedexcitingtiredtiringsatisfiedsatisfyingboredGivenachance,wecansurprisetheworld.Therebeingnobus,wehadtowalkhome.(2)過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與句子的主語(yǔ)保持一致(動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)同樣如此)，否則需加上自己的主語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。溫馨提示(1)過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，前面可帶有連詞，如:when,while,if,though,asif,unless,until等，以使句意表達(dá)得更清楚。Unlessconstantlyrepeated,theEnglishwordsareeasilyforgotten.邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子主語(yǔ)一致邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子主語(yǔ)不一致二、過去分詞(短語(yǔ))作表語(yǔ)1.用法過去分詞(短語(yǔ))作表語(yǔ)表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)或主觀心理感受，相當(dāng)于形容詞的作用。Helookedworriedafterreadingtheletter.看完信后，他看上去很憂慮。Whenweheardofit,weweredeeplymoved.當(dāng)聽到它時(shí)，我們被深深地感動(dòng)了。(1)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者；過去分詞(短語(yǔ))作表語(yǔ)說明主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)或特征。2.過去分詞(短語(yǔ))作表語(yǔ)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的區(qū)別Thenovelwaswrittentenyearsago.這本小說是10年前寫的。Thenoveliswellwritten.這本小說寫得很好。(2)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后常接by短語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者；而過去分詞作表語(yǔ)后不接by短語(yǔ)，但可以接其他的介詞，表示特征。Thevillageissurroundedwithhillsonfoursides.那個(gè)村莊四面環(huán)山。Hewasfrightenedbecausehewassurroundedbyalotofdogs.他很害怕，因?yàn)樗灰蝗汗穱?.過去分詞(短語(yǔ))作表語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別過去分詞(短語(yǔ))作表語(yǔ)時(shí)表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)或心理感受，具有被動(dòng)含義。而動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語(yǔ)則表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)和特征，具有主動(dòng)含義。Weweresurprisedatwhathesaidatthemeeting.我們對(duì)他在會(huì)上講的話感到驚訝。Hiswordswerediscouraging,whichmademanypeoplediscouraged.他的話令人泄氣，使得很多人灰心喪氣。分詞的做題步驟：一、分析考察的內(nèi)容二、分析分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)三、確定邏輯主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞之間存在的關(guān)系（主動(dòng)doing，被動(dòng)done)分詞作狀語(yǔ)還要考慮，分詞發(fā)生的動(dòng)作和句子動(dòng)作，看是同時(shí)進(jìn)行(doing;

done)還是先后進(jìn)行（havingdone;

havingbeendone)單句填空1.Whenheheardthe

story,hewasdeeply

.(move)

2.Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,andsomeofthemlookedveryanxiousand

(disappoint).

3.

(give)another10days,wearesuretocompleterepairingthemachine.

4.Weallfelt

atthe

news.(encourage)

5.

(impress)bythebeautifulscenery,Iforgottogobackhomeintime.

movingmoved

disappointed

Givenencouragedencouraging

Impressed

6.

(design)verycleverlytofitintocorners,theshelfdoesn’ttakeupmuchroom.

7.Thenewswas

andtheywereall

atit.(excite)

8.Ifyouget

(lose)inastrangeplace,you’dbetternotmoveandwaitforhelpthere.

9.Whenfirst

(introduce)tothemarket,thesenewproductsintheircompanyenjoyedagreatsuccess.

10.Mostoftheenterpriseswerehighly

(satisfy)withthebusinessenvironmentimprovement.

Designedexcitingexcited

lost

introduced

satisfied

11.Nearly10percentoftheirpopulationis

(enrol)intheelementaryschools.

12.Don’treadthereport

(literal)now;justskimthroughit.

13.Hewastalkingwithher

(pleasant)whentheteachercamein.

14.The

(thunder)soundcanbeheardhalforonekilometeraway.

enrolled

literally

pleasantly

thundering完成句子1.沐浴在陽(yáng)光中，我們高興得歡呼雀躍。_____________________________,wejumpedandcheeredwithjoy.2.一旦失去，這樣的機(jī)會(huì)可能永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)再來(lái)了。________________,suchachancemightnevercomeagain.

3.盡管被警告過有暴風(fēng)雨，農(nóng)民們?nèi)匀辉谔锏乩飫谧?。_____________________________,thefarmerswerestillworkinginthefields.

Bathed in the sunshine

Once lost

Warned of the stormEXAMPLEWhenpeopleaskedthemanwhatthetripmeanttohim,hesaiditwas“anexperienceofalifetime”.Whenaskedwhatthetripmeanttohim.themansaiditwas“anexperienceofalifetime”.1ButchartGardenswastransformedfromaquarry.Ithasnowbecomeafamousdestinationfortravellers.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Rewritethesentences.Addinformationasnecessary.Transformedfromaquarry,ButchartGardenshasnowbecomeafamousdestinationfortravellers.2IfyoucompareOuebecCitywithothercitiesinCanada.itseemsmorelikeacharmingEuropeanvillage.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3TheydidnotknowwheretostarttheirsightseeinginLuoyang.sotheywenttotheTouristInformationCentre.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4WhentheyheardthattheSea-to-SkyHighwaywasCanada’smostscenicdrive,theymadeWestVancouvertheirfirstdestination.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ComparedwithothercitiesinCanadaQuebeCityseemsmorelikeacharmingEuropeanvillage.NotknowingwheretostarttheirsightseeinginLuoyangtheywenttotheTouristInformationCentre.HearingthattheSea-to-SkyHighwaywasCanada’smostscenicdrive,theymadeWestVancouvertheirfirstdestination.用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空1.

(build)tohonourtheChinesepoetXuZhimo,thememorialstoneinwhitemarbleatthebackofKing’sCollegeisnowanattraction.2.

(move)totheUKin1921,ZhimospentayearstudyingatKing’sCollege,3.

(attract)bytheromanticpoetryofEnglishpoetslikeJohnKeatsaswellasCambridgeitself.His