X3U1Art高二下學(xué)期英語(yǔ)期末語(yǔ)用復(fù)習(xí)及題型針對(duì)性練習(xí)一、閱讀詞匯1.Christianityn._____________2.realistn._____________3.breakthroughn._____________4.mythologyn._____________5.sunrisen._____________6.waterlilyn._____________7.rchedadj._____________8.animationn._____________9.framen._____________10.bronzen._____________11.ceramicn._____________12.Buddhistadj._____________n._____________13.Buddhismn._____________二、寫作詞匯1._____________n．名譽(yù)；名聲2._____________n．貴族成員；出身高貴的人adj.崇高的；宏偉的；高貴的3._____________n．地位；級(jí)別；行列vt.&vi.把……分等級(jí)；使排成行4._____________vt.購(gòu)買；采購(gòu)n．購(gòu)買；購(gòu)買的東西5._____________n．委托人；當(dāng)事人；客戶6._____________vi.&vt.出現(xiàn)；浮現(xiàn)；暴露7._____________vt.表達(dá)；傳遞(思想、感情等)；傳送8._____________adj.隨后的；后來(lái)的；之后的9._____________n．池塘；水池10._____________adj.永久的；永恒的；長(zhǎng)久的11._____________adj.謙遜的；虛心的；卑微的12._____________n．(數(shù)量、價(jià)格、質(zhì)量等的)減少；下降；衰落vi.&vt.減少；下降；衰落；謝絕13._____________n．花瓶；裝飾瓶14._____________n．加入；進(jìn)入；參與15._____________vt.保證；確保；肯定……必然發(fā)生n.保證；保修單；擔(dān)保物16._____________adj.當(dāng)代的；現(xiàn)代的；屬同時(shí)期的n.同代人；同輩人17._____________adj.值得……的；有價(jià)值的三、短語(yǔ)1．_____________尤其；特別2．_____________使與眾不同；使突出；使優(yōu)于……3．_____________向某人尋求幫助4．_____________取得突破性進(jìn)展5．_____________把某物傳遞給某人6．_____________喜愛(ài)；喜歡7．_____________美術(shù)(尤其繪畫和雕塑)8．_____________賦予……生命；使……鮮活起來(lái)9．_____________值得10_____________把注意力集中于四、詞形轉(zhuǎn)換1．_____________adj.準(zhǔn)確的；精確的_____________adv.準(zhǔn)確地；精確地；的確如此2．_____________adj.現(xiàn)實(shí)的；逼真的_____________n．逼真；現(xiàn)實(shí)主義；務(wù)實(shí)作風(fēng)_____________n．現(xiàn)實(shí)；實(shí)際情況；事實(shí)_____________adj.不切實(shí)際的；不實(shí)事求是的4．_____________adj.人文主義的_____________n.人性；人道；(統(tǒng)稱)人類_____________adj.人的；人類的；人本性的；有人情味的n.人5．_____________adj.有很大影響力的；有支配力的_____________n．影響；作用；影響力vt.影響；對(duì)……起作用6．_____________adj.主觀的_____________n．主題；話題；題材；學(xué)科；實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象；主語(yǔ)_____________n．目標(biāo)；目的adj.客觀的_____________n．物品；目標(biāo)，目的；對(duì)象7．_____________adj.喜愛(ài)_____________n．喜愛(ài)8．_____________n．雕像；雕刻品；雕刻術(shù)_____________n.雕刻家；雕塑家9．_____________n．投資額；投資；(時(shí)間、精力的)投入_____________v．投資；投入10．_____________vi.&vt.批評(píng)；指責(zé)；評(píng)價(jià)_____________n．批評(píng)；指責(zé)；評(píng)論_____________adj.嚴(yán)重的；關(guān)鍵性的；批判性的_____________n．批評(píng)家；評(píng)論家；評(píng)論員；批評(píng)者；挑剔的人11．_____________adj.典型的；有代表性的n．代表_____________vt.象征；代表；相當(dāng)于12．_____________n．展覽；(技能、感情或行為的)表演_____________n．展覽品；陳列品；物證v．展覽；展出；顯出(感情、品質(zhì)或能力)13．_____________adj.藝術(shù)的；藝術(shù)家的_____________n．藝術(shù)家_____________n．藝術(shù)14．_____________adj.國(guó)民的；民用的；民事的_____________vt.教化；開(kāi)化；使文明；使有教養(yǎng)_____________adj.文明的；開(kāi)化的；有禮貌的；有教養(yǎng)的_____________n．文明；文明世界15．_____________n．承認(rèn)；認(rèn)出；贊譽(yù)_____________vt.辨別出；承認(rèn)；認(rèn)可16．_____________n．?dāng)U張；擴(kuò)展；擴(kuò)大_____________vt.&vi.(使)擴(kuò)大；增加；擴(kuò)展；發(fā)展(業(yè)務(wù))五、應(yīng)用文寫作句型模仿：背景+目的非謂語(yǔ)——現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)：知道/聽(tīng)到/了解到/得知你對(duì)……有強(qiáng)烈的喜愛(ài)/偏好/熱情/非常感興趣。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________非謂語(yǔ)——現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作目的狀語(yǔ)：為了培養(yǎng)我們的毅力和團(tuán)隊(duì)合作精神（aimat）____________________________________________________________________________________________用介詞短語(yǔ)作目的狀語(yǔ)：為了激發(fā)我們學(xué)英語(yǔ)的熱情（用attempt/effort介詞短語(yǔ)）____________________________________________________________________________________________拜讀貴公司在……上的廣告，本人擬應(yīng)征……職位。____________________________________________________________________________________________with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)——作目的狀語(yǔ)為了開(kāi)闊我們的視野____________________________________________________________________________________________為了提高我的英語(yǔ)寫作能力____________________________________________________________________________________________用同位語(yǔ)從句交代背景有消息稱，“中國(guó)農(nóng)村”圖片展定于本周末在學(xué)生中心舉行。____________________________________________________________________________________________用定語(yǔ)從句合并句子1.Hereissomeadvice.Ihopetheywillbebeneficialtoyou.____________________________________________________________________________________________2.Iamwritingthislettertoinviteyoutoaninterviewheldby“TalktoTalk”.ItisanEnglishprogrammeinourschoolbroadcaststation.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)介紹活動(dòng)展覽將于周六下午在我們學(xué)校的美術(shù)館舉行。____________________________________________________________________________________________續(xù)寫場(chǎng)景填空及模仿She____________（絕望地adv.）wantedDarlatoloveherthewayMarlinhadandforhertoloveDarlajustthesame;butwhatwasJennifersupposedtodonow?Thecutonherarmwasallshehadtoshowforhereffort.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(她坐在地板上，把臉埋在手里，她的身體因她開(kāi)始輕聲的哭泣而顫抖著.)TodaywasCommunityServiceDayatschool.Maya’sclasswasgoingtomakecardsfortheseniorslivinginanursinghome.ItwasalsothefirstdayMayawouldbewearingherlegbrace(腿支架)toschool,whichwasdesignedtohelpherwalkmoresteadilyandsmoothly.Itwasacoldautumnmorning,_____________________(看起來(lái)很低落）,_______________________(感到很尷尬).Tomakeitlovelier,shehaddelicatelydecoratedthebracewithprettybutterflypatterns.Still,shewasunsureaboutothers’reaction.Allmorningatschool,kidskeptglancingatherbrace._______________________(令她欣慰的是),theydidn’tsayanything.___________________________________________(汗水從他們的額頭上流下來(lái))whiletheybentdownandpickeduptheplasticbags._______________________(令他們失望的是),afteraday'shardwork,therewerestillmanyplasticbagslyingonthebeachorfloatinginthewater.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(帶著酸痛的胳膊和腿回到家,MariaandPeter幾乎被一種失敗感所打倒了.)題型限時(shí)練習(xí)完形填空TikTok,asocialmediaappdedicatedtoshort-formvideos,hasemergedasamajorfireroffoodtrends—frommushroomcoffeeandpancakecerealtocloudbreadandfetapasta.Butanothertrend,the#whatieatinadaytrend,isdominatingTikTok,whichisnearing9billion____1____.Eventhough#whatieatinadaypostsmaybe____2____toserveashealthyinspirationforothers,there’sagrowingfeelingthatthesevideodiariesofdailyeatswilllikelydomoreharmthangood—especiallyamongyounggirlsorpeoplewithahistoryofdisorderedeating.The____3____messagethesepostssendisthatifyoueatlikethem,thenyoucaneventuallylooklikethem.Yetwhatsomeoneelseeatsinadaydoesn’tmeanit’srightforyou,sincethese“____4____”videosarenotacompletelyaccuraterepresentationofwhatsomeonetypicallyeats.Oftentheoverlystylized(程式化)mealsdonot____5____anutritionallyadequatediet.Thepostsare____6____theillusion(幻想)ofanidealdayofeating,alongwithanidealbodysize.Youngeraudiences,especiallygirlsandyoungwomen,internalizethemessagethattheymusteatlikethesecreatorstoachieveandmaintainnotonlyhealth,butalsosocial____7____.Thebiggestharmwiththistrendisthatitnormalizesdisorderedor____8____eatingbehaviors.Thiscouldpreventsomeonestrugglingwithaneatingdisorderfrom____9____supportortreatment.Evenifthe#whatieatinadaypostsaredisplayinga______10______dayofeating,thesubtextmessageof“eatlikeme,andyouwilllooklikeme”isharmfulbecausepeoplewillnotnecessarilyachievethesamebodysizeasthe______11______eveniftheycopiedtheirdayofeatingbiteforbite.______12______,whatmightbeahealthy,adequatedayofsatisfyingmealsforonepersonmaybeinadequateandunsatisfyingtoanother.Evenworse,someonelookingatthesepostsmayconcludethattheyneedtobeeatinghalfasmuchto______13______.Peoplemakingthesevideosareoverwhelminglythin,young,able-bodiedandwhite.Thereisacompletelackofbody______14______.Andthisencouragesharmfulcomparisonstounrealisticbodystandardsthatare______15______tothevastmajorityofpeople.Therefore,thoseofusfrommarginalizedcommunitiesareonceagainunabletoseepositiverepresentationsofourvaryingbodies,foodsandculturalrepresentationintheseharmfulposts.”1．A．views B．statements C．a(chǎn)nalyses D．identities2．A．emphasized B．simplified C．requested D．intended3．A．moral B．scientific C．potential D．instant4．A．modern B．staged C．educational D．labelled5．A．prioritize B．commercialize C．recognize D．exchange6．A．promoting B．representing C．spoiling D．perfecting7．A．welfare B．equality C．desirability D．justice8．A．individual B．instinctive C．restrictive D．changeable9．A．a(chǎn)ttracting B．seeking C．losing D．offering10．A．fixed B．balanced C．relaxing D．demanding11．A．reader B．a(chǎn)dvertiser C．browser D．poster12．A．Therefore B．Finally C．Additionally D．Meanwhile13．A．loseweight B．shareinterests C．a(chǎn)ssumeburden D．makecontributions14．A．language B．diversity C．warmth D．response15．A．a(chǎn)vailable B．predictable C．inadequate D．unachievable閱讀理解--ACanasmallgroupofdrones(無(wú)人機(jī))guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?Thatistheverylikelyfutureofapplyingtoday’s“eyesinthesky”technologytomakesurethatthemillionsofkilometresofrailtracksandinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)worldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7basis.Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tensionelectricallines.Theycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.Themoreregularlytheycanbeinspected,themorerailwaysafety,reliabilityandon-timeperformancewillbeimproved.Costswouldbecutandoperationswouldbemoreefficient(高效)acrosstheboard.Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrews’efforts.Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-valueservicesforrailways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.Toperformthesetasks,dronesforraildon’tneedtobeflyingoverhead.Engineersarenowworkingonanewconcept:theraildronesofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,andprogrammedtorunautonomously.VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.16．Whatmakestheapplicationofdronestoraillinespossible?A．Theuseofdronesincheckingonpowerlines. B．Drones’abilitytoworkathighaltitudes.C．Thereductionofcostindesigningdrones. D．Drones’reliableperformanceinremoteareas.17．Whatdoes“maintenance”underlinedinparagraph3referto?A．Personnelsafety. B．Assistancefromdrones.C．Inspectionandrepair. D．Constructionofinfrastructure.18．Whatfunctionisexpectedoftheraildrones?A．Toprovideearlywarning. B．Tomaketrainsrunautomatically.C．Toearnprofitsforthecrews. D．Toacceleratetransportation.19．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．WhatFaultsCanBeDetectedwithDronesB．HowProductionofDronesCanBeExpandedC．WhatDifficultyDroneDevelopmentWillFaceD．HowDronesWillChangetheFutureofRailways閱讀理解--BDuringaninterviewforoneofmybooks,myinterviewersaidsomethingIstillthinkaboutoften.Annoyedbythelevelofdistraction(干擾)inhisopenoffice,hesaid,“That’swhyIhaveamembershipatthecoworkingspaceacrossthestreet—soIcanfocus”.Hiscommentstruckmeasstrange.Afterall,coworkingspacesalsotypicallyuseanopenofficelayout(布局).ButIrecentlycameacrossastudythatshowswhyhisapproachworks.Theresearchersexaminedvariouslevelsofnoiseonparticipantsastheycompletedtestsofcreativethinking.Theywererandomlydividedintofourgroupsandexposedtovariousnoiselevelsinthebackground,fromtotalsilenceto50decibels(分貝),70decibels,and85decibels.Thedifferencesbetweenmostofthegroupswerestatisticallyinsignificant;however,theparticipantsinthe70decibelsgroup—thoseexposedtoalevelofnoisesimilartobackgroundchatterinacoffeeshop—significantlyoutperformedtheothergroups.Sincetheeffectsweresmall,thismaysuggestthatourcreativethinkingdoesnotdifferthatmuchinresponsetototalsilenceand85decibelsofbackgroundnoise.Butsincetheresultsat70decibelsweresignificant,thestudyalsosuggeststhattherightlevelofbackgroundnoise—nottooloudandnottotalsilence—mayactuallyimproveone’screativethinkingability.Therightlevelofbackgroundnoisemayinterruptournormalpatternsofthinkingjustenoughtoallowourimaginationstowander,withoutmakingitimpossibletofocus.Thiskindof“distractedfocus”appearstobethebeststateforworkingoncreativetasks.Sowhydosomanyofushateouropenoffices?Theproblemmaybethat,inouroffices,wecan’tstopourselvesfromgettingdrawnintoothers’conversationswhilewe’retryingtofocus.Indeed,theresearchersfoundthatface-to-faceinteractionsandconversationsaffectthecreativeprocess,andyetacoworkingspaceoracoffeeshopprovidesacertainlevelofnoisewhilealsoprovidingfreedomfrominterruptions.20．Whydoestheinterviewerpreferacoworkingspace?A．Ithelpshimconcentrate. B．Itblocksoutbackgroundnoise.C．Ithasapleasantatmosphere. D．Itencouragesface-to-faceinteractions.21．Whichlevelofbackgroundnoisemaypromotecreativethinkingability?A．Totalsilence. B．50decibels C．70decibels. D．85decibels.22．Whatmakesanopenofficeunwelcometomanypeople?A．Personalprivacyunprotected. B．Limitedworkingspace.C．Restrictionsongroupdiscussion. D．Constantinterruptions.23．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?A．He’sanewsreporter.B．He’sanofficemanager.C．He’sa