高二英語試卷

本試卷共10頁。滿分150分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，務(wù)必用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆將自己的姓名、座號、考生號填寫在答題卡上。

2.選擇題，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑：如需改動，用

橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。筆答題，用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆將答案寫在答題卡

±o不能答在本試卷上，否則無效。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅

讀一遍。

1.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotonight?

A.Enjoyashow.B.Makesomecoffee.C.Setofffireworks.

2.WhatisTheCatGod?

A.Asong.B.Amovie.C.Adrama.

3.WhydoesthewomansupportJim?

A.He'sresponsible.B.He'shard-working.C.He'sexperienced.

4.Wherewillthewomantakehersonthenextday?

A.Acampingsite.B.Awildlifepark.C.Adanceschool.

5.Whichperformancedoesthemanprefer?

A.Themagicshow.B.Thecrosstalk.C.Thefolkdance.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)

中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完

后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whyisthewomantakingacourseincomputerscience?

A.Forherinterest.B.Foragame.C.Forfurtherstudy.

7.Whatcoursewillthemanprobablychoose?

A.Ayogacourse.B.Achesscourse.C.Acomputercourse.

聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?

A.Tointroduceafestival.B.Toseeksomeadvice.C.Tosendaninvitation.

9Whatwillthespeakersdonext?

A.Gotothelibrary.B.Giveapresentation.C.Preparedifferentliquids.

聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.Whatisthewoman'smainproblem?

A.Toomuchstress.B.Poortimemanagement.C.Lackoffocus.

11.Whatistheman'sfirstadviceforthewoman?

A.Settingrealisticgoals.

B.Makingadailyschedule.

C.Focusingonthemostimportanttasks.

12.Whatdoesthe"A”in“SMARTgoals95standfor?

AAttractive.B.Adaptable.C.Achievable.

聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.WhatwasMr.Gehrymostlikelytobefiveyearsago?

A.Avolunteer.B.Ananimalexpert.C.Asoftwareengineer.

14.WhatwasthebiggestprobleminsettingupWarmNest?

A.Gettingapermit.B.Raisingenoughmoney.C.Formingasupportiveteam.

15.HowmanyvolunteerswerethereinWarmNestfiveyearsago?

A.Aroundten.B.Aroundfifty.C.Aroundonehundred.

16.WhatisthedailyfocusofWarmNest?

A.Buildinghomesforanimals.B.Givingtreatmenttoanimals.C.Offeringpetownerstraining.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.WhatmakestheLakeDistrictfamousaccordingtothesurvey?

A.Itssocialmediainfluence.B.Itsuniqueattractions.C.Itsplentyoflakes.

18.WhatisrecommendedtowintervisitorsintheLakeDistrict?

A.Enjoyingwatersportsactivities.

B.VisitingplacesforpostcardDIY.

C.Tryingpubswithdeliciousroasts.

19.HowcanavisitorsavemoneybyDecember2024?

A.Bygettingonlinediscounts.

B.Bytravellingasafamilyunit.

C.Bybuyingtwo-poundbustickets.

20.Whatisthepurposeofthetalk?

A.TolistpopularlakesintheUK.

B.ToattractvisitorstotheLakeDistrict.

C.TointroducewinteractivitiesintheLakeDistrict.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

RecentlyOxfordDictionariesreleasedthisyear'slistofnewwordsthatduetopopularusehadmadetheirway

intothedictionary;proofoftheirwidespreadexistence.

?Thinglish

Kidsin2025findwholesentencesdifficult,sohavedoneawaywithverbsandadjectivescompletelyto

communicateusingjustnouns-viasocialmediaplatforms.Mostparentsdopointoutthatteenagershaveinfact

beencommunicatinginsinglewordsfordecades,sothisdoesn'treallyfeeltoodifferent.

?Dronership

Theinformal“finderskeepers“l(fā)awthatmeansifadrone（無人機(jī)）crashlandsinyourbackyard,thenit's

yours.Intendedtobearesponsetowayward（任性的）andcarelessdroneoperators,governmentshaverefusedto

makethelawofficial,astheyareconcerneditwillencourageresidentstoactivelytryandbringdowndronesby

anymeanspossible.

?Spuddite

Apersonwhorefusestolearnhowtouseapotatoforlighting.Alsoknownas"starch-enemies”,these

individualsareoftenmanufacturers（制造商）oflightbulbs,whohaveseentheirmarketsharedecreasesharplyever

sinceitwasfoundthatpotatoescouldbeusedtolighthomes,officesandevenstreets.Withapotatousing733%

lessenergythananenergysavingbulb,ifsnothardtoseewhythey'dbethatfrustrated...

1.WhatmightbethemainreasonbehindtheappearanceofThinglish?

A.Theeaseoflanguageuse.B.Thelong-standinghabit.

C.Thedeclineinvocabulary.D.Theoveruseofsocialmedia.

2.Whomightbecalled“starchenemies^^?

A.Potatofarmers.B.Crasheddronekeepers.

C.Lightbulbproducers.D.Single-wordcommunicators.

3.Whyarethesewordsincludedindictionaries?

A.Becauseofculturalinfluence.B.Becauseoftheiruniqueness.

C.Becauseoflanguageevolution.D.Becauseoftheirwidespreadusage.

【答案】LA2.C3.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了三個(gè)被收入《牛津詞典》的新詞。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Kidsin2025findwholesentencesdifficult,sohavedoneawaywithverbsand

adjectivescompletelytocommunicateusingjustnouns-viasocialmediaplatforms.Mostparentsdopointout

thatteenagershaveinfactbeencommunicatinginsinglewordsfordecades,sothisdoesn'treallyfeeltoo

different.（2025年的孩子會發(fā)現(xiàn)完整的句子很困難，所以他們已經(jīng)完全放棄了動詞和形容詞，只使用名詞交

流一一通過社交媒體平臺。大多數(shù)父母確實(shí)指出，青少年實(shí)際上幾十年來一直在用單一的詞語交流，所以

這感覺上并沒有太大的不同）”可知，Thinglish出現(xiàn)的主要原因是語言的易用性。故選A。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"Alsoknownas"starch-enemies”,theseindividualsareoftenmanufacturers（制造

商）oflightbulbs,whohaveseentheirmarketsharedecreasesharplyeversinceitwasfoundthatpotatoescouldbe

usedtolighthomes,officesandevenstreets.（這些人也被稱為"淀粉敵人"，他們通常是燈泡的制造商，自從

人們發(fā)現(xiàn)土豆可以用來為家庭、辦公室甚至街道照明以來，他們的市場份額急劇下降）”可知，燈泡生產(chǎn)商

可能被稱為“淀粉敵人”。故選C。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段uRecentlyOxfordDictionariesreleasedthisyear'slistofnewwordsthatdueto

popularusehadmadetheirwayintothedictionary;proofoftheirwidespreadexistence4最近，《牛津詞典》公布

了今年因廣泛使用而被收入詞典的新詞名單；證明其廣泛存在）”可知，這些詞被收錄在字典里是因?yàn)樗鼈?/p>

的廣泛使用。故選D。

WhenIfirstjoinedFacebook,Isawitasacoolwaytokeepintouchwithmyfriendsandfamily.Intheearly

days,IhadlargelypositiveviewsandfeelingswhenIwentontheapp.Butovertime,thingschangedfortheworse.

Besidesgettingboredoftheapp,otherbigproblemscameup.

Firstly,Facebookweakenedmycreativity.BecauseIwasspendingsomuchtimeonFacebook,Iwasn'tdoing

anywherenearasmuchasIcouldhavebeenwithmybigcreativedreamsandideas.AndevenwhenIdid,itwasin

serviceofsocialmedia(forexample,ItookphotosthatwouldgetlikesfrommyFacebookfriendsinsteadofwhatI

actuallywantedtocapture).

FacebookalsomademefeelintenseFOMO(FearOfMissingOut),especiallywhenIsawhoweveryoneelse

wasdoing.Forexample,Iquitmyjobandstartedmyfirstbusinessatatimewhenmyfriendsweregettingjob

promotions.WhileIknewthatleavingmyjobwastherightlong-termdecision,Iwasalsobrokeatthetime.

Combinethatwithothersgettingpayrises,etc.,andyoucanseetheproblemhere.

IalsofeltlikeIhadtopostwheneverIdidanythinginteresting.Forexample,ifIwastraveling,Ihadtotell

myfriendswhereIwasgoing.SincedeletingFacebook,I'mmuchhappiernotfeelinglikeIneedtoshareallofmy

life.ThisisoneofthebiggestmistakesyoucouldmakeonFacebook.

DeletingmyFacebookaccountwasahugedecision,butIcansaywithcertaintythatitwasoneofmybest

long-termdecisions.Ihavebetterrelationshipswiththepeoplewhomatter,andI'mnolongerexposedtoanywhere

nearasmuchnegativityasIwas.Notoversharingmypersonallifeisalsoahugeadvantage.Isuggestdeletingyour

accountforthreemonthsandseeinghowyoufeelthereafter;ifyouenjoyyourlifeoffline,don'thesitateto

permanentlydeleteit.

4.WhydidtheauthorstarttouseFacebook?

A.Tostrengthenbonds.B.Toshareupdates.

C.Toinspirecreativity.D.Togetlatestnews.

5.WhatmadetheauthorfeelFOMO?

A.Startingthefirstbusiness.B.Noticingthegapwithfriends.

C.Strugglingtomakealiving.D.Losingtrackofformerfriends.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"This”refertoinparagraph4?

A.Sharingallthelife.B.Postingsomethinginteresting.

C.DeletingFacebook.D.Tellingfriendstraveldestinations.

7.Whafsthepurposeofthetext?

A.Todiscusssocialmedia'sadvance.B.TolistnegativeeffectsofFacebook.

C.Torecommendasocialmediadetox.D.TourgeimmediateremovalofFacebook.

【答案】4.A5.B6.A7.C?

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者使用臉書（Facebook）的經(jīng)歷、感受以及最終決定刪除臉書賬

戶的原因。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第——段“WhenIfirstjoinedFacebook,Isawitasacoolwaytokeepintouchwithmyfriends

andfamily.（當(dāng)我第一次加入Facebook時(shí)，我認(rèn)為這是一種與朋友和家人保持聯(lián)系的很酷的方式）”可知，

作者開始使用Facebook是為了加強(qiáng)聯(lián)系。故選A。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"FacebookalsomademefeelintenseFOMO（FearOfMissingOut）,especiallywhenI

sawhoweveryoneelsewasdoing.Forexample,Iquitmyjobandstartedmyfirstbusinessatatimewhenmy

friendsweregettingjobpromotions.WhileIknewthatleavingmyjobwastherightlong-termdecision,Iwasalso

brokeatthetime.Combinethatwithothersgettingpayrises,etc.,andyoucanseetheproblemhere.（Facebook也

讓我產(chǎn)生了強(qiáng)烈的FOMO（害怕錯(cuò)過），尤其是當(dāng)我看到其他人是怎么做的時(shí)候。例如，當(dāng)我的朋友們升

職的時(shí)候，我辭去了工作，開始了我的第一次創(chuàng)業(yè)。雖然我知道，從長遠(yuǎn)來看，辭職是正確的決定，但當(dāng)

時(shí)我也身無分文。把這一點(diǎn)與其他人加薪等結(jié)合起來，你就能看到問題所在了）”可知，注意到與朋友之間

的差距讓作者產(chǎn)生了FOMO。故選B。

【6題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“IalsofeltlikeIhadtopostwheneverIdidanythinginteresting.Forexample,if

Iwastraveling,IhadtotellmyfriendswhereIwasgoing.SincedeletingFacebook,Tmmuchhappiernotfeeling

likeIneedtoshareallofmylife.（我也覺得只要我做了什么有趣的事情，我就必須發(fā)布。例如，如果我要去

旅行，我必須告訴我的朋友我要去哪里。自從刪除了Facebook后，我更開心了，因?yàn)槲也恍枰窒砦宜?/p>

的生活）”可知，作者曾經(jīng)喜歡在Facebook上分享自己的生活，自從刪除了Facebook后，不需要分享所有

的生活了，所以作者認(rèn)為在Facebook上可能犯的最大錯(cuò)誤之一是分享生活。故劃線詞指的是“分享生

活”。故選A。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段uDeletingmyFacebookaccountwasahugedecision,butIcansaywithcertainty

thatitwasoneofmybestlong-termdecisions.Ihavebetterrelationshipswiththepeoplewhomatter,andI'mno

longerexposedtoanywherenearasmuchnegativityasIwas.Notoversharingmypersonallifeisalsoahuge

advantage.Isuggestdeletingyouraccountforthreemonthsandseeinghowyoufeelthereafter;ifyouenjoyyour

lifeoffline,don'thesitatetopermanentlydeleteit.（刪除我的Facebook賬戶是一個(gè)重大的決定，但我可以肯定

地說，這是我最好的長期決定之一。我和重要的人有了更好的關(guān)系，我也不再像以前那樣暴露在任何地方

的消極情緒中。不過度分享我的個(gè)人生活也是一個(gè)巨大的優(yōu)勢。我建議刪除你的賬戶三個(gè)月，然后看看你

感覺如何；如果你喜歡離線生活，不要猶豫，把它永久刪除吧）”以及文章主要講述了作者使用臉書

（Facebook）的經(jīng)歷、感受以及最終決定刪除臉書賬戶的原因?？芍?，文章的目的是建議戒掉社交媒體。

故選Co

C

Lastyear,thewordtodescribemuchoftheriseinfoodpriceswouldhavebeen"heatflation”,asdroughtand

hightemperaturesaffectedcropyields（生產(chǎn)量）aroundtheworld,fromoliveoilinSpaintocabbageinSouth

Korea.

Thisyear,we'refacingadifferentconcept.Lefscallit<6sogflation.^^Ifheatflationreferstopriceincreasesasa

resultofextremelyhightemperatures,sogflationisbornoutofextremeprecipitation.

AreportpublishedinAprilshowedthatwhileEuropeexperiencedthehighestnumberofdayswithextreme

heatstress,itwasalsooneofthewettestperiodsonrecordformanyplaces.

Potatoesareattheforefrontofsogflation.Withjustoneplantingandoneharvestperyear,theconditionshave

tobejustright.ButlastautumnpoorweatherconditionsforcedharvestingtostopinEuropeafterjustthreeweeks,

aswetsoilmeantfarmerscouldn'tgetcropsoutoftheground.

Europeanseatamongthehighestquantityofpotatoesperpersonofanyregionintheworld-about90

kilogramsonaverageayear.Englishwhitepotatopricesareup81%year-over-year,anall-timehigh.InEurope,

theNetherlandsandBelgium-twokeyregionsthatgrowprocessingpotatoesforfries-weretheworstaffected,

withDutchprocessingpotatopricesattheirhighestlevelrecordedforUS$397permetricton.

Ifsnotjustvegetablesandgrainsaffectedbythewetweather.Livestock（家畜）farmershaveseenhighdeath

ratesinlambs,whiledairycowsinaffectedareasareunabletobeturnedoutongrassreducingmilkyieldsand

raisingproductioncosts.Foodproductionhasalwaysbeenatthemercyoftheelements.ButHarryCampbell,a

marketanalyst,saidthat,asconsecutive（連續(xù)的）yearsofbadweatherpileup,ifsincreasinglyhardtorecover

fromapoorseason.

Supplychainswillneedtobemoreflexible,andultimatelymorecomplex,tokeepfoodsuppliessecureata

timewhenonesuppliercouldbefacingfloodsandanotheraseriousdrought.

8.Whatledto“sogflation”?

A.Intenseheat.B.Seriousdrought.C.Heavyrainfall.D.Severeinsectdamage.

9.WhatwastheimpactofbadweatheronpotatoesinEurope?

A.Increaseddeathrate.B.Delayednewplanting.

C.Shortergrowthcycle.D.Shorterharvestingperiod.

10.Howwillconsecutivebadweatherinfluencethefoodsupply?

A.Itwillleadtoanincreaseinthevarietyofcrops.

BItwillforceEuropetorelymoreonfoodimports.

C.Itwillrequiresimplerandmoreflexiblesupplychains.

D.Itwillbeharderforcropsandrelatedindustriestorecover.

11.Whatmightbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?

A.FromDroughttoFloodB.FoodShortageontheWay

C.SayingGoodbyetoCheapChipsD.ExtremeWeatherandRisingPrices

【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要講述了極端天氣對農(nóng)作物價(jià)格及供應(yīng)鏈的影響。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thisyear,we'refacingadifferentconcept.Lefscallittlsogflation.^^Ifheatflation

referstopriceincreasesasaresultofextremelyhightemperatures,sogflationisbornoutofextreme

precipitation^今年，我們面對的是一個(gè)不同的概念。我們稱之為“水通脹”。如果熱通脹指的是極端高溫

導(dǎo)致的價(jià)格上漲，那么極端降水就會導(dǎo)致水通脹）”可知，“sogflation”是由于強(qiáng)降雨造成的。故選C。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“ButlastautumnpoorweatherconditionsforcedharvestingtostopinEuropeafterjust

threeweeks,aswetsoilmeantfarmerscouldn'tgetcropsoutoftheground.（但去年秋天，惡劣的天氣條件迫使

歐洲的收獲僅僅進(jìn)行了三周就停止了，因?yàn)槌睗竦耐寥酪馕吨r(nóng)民無法從地里收獲莊稼）”可知，糟糕的天

氣縮短了歐洲土豆的收獲期。故選D。

【10題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"ButHarryCampbell,amarketanalyst,saidthat,asconsecutive（連續(xù)的）years

ofbadweatherpileup,ifsincreasinglyhardtorecoverfromapoorseason.（但市場分析師哈里?坎貝爾表示，隨

著連續(xù)數(shù)年惡劣天氣的累積，從一個(gè)糟糕的季節(jié)中恢復(fù)越來越困難）”可知，連續(xù)惡劣天氣對食品供應(yīng)的影

響在于使農(nóng)作物和相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)恢復(fù)困難。故選D。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Thisyear,we'refacingadifferentconcept.Lefscallit"sogflation."Ifheatflation

referstopriceincreasesasaresultofextremelyhightemperatures,sogflationisbornoutofextreme

precipitation^今年，我們面對的是一個(gè)不同的概念。我們稱之為“水通脹”。如果熱通脹指的是極端高溫

導(dǎo)致的價(jià)格上漲，那么極端降水就會導(dǎo)致水通脹）”以及文章主要講述了極端天氣對農(nóng)作物價(jià)格及供應(yīng)鏈的

影響?？芍珼選項(xiàng)“極端天氣和價(jià)格上漲”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。

D

Onacoldeveningin2016,GreatBasinslippedoutoftheshadowsandapproachedwhatlookedlikeametal

cabinetlyingonitsside.Theraccooncouldsmellcatfoodwithin.but12latched（閂?。﹏arrowdoorsblockedhis

entry.

SoGreatBasinjumpedonthetopandbegantofiddle（不停擺弄）withthelatchesupsidedown.Hequickly

openedoneofthedoorsandfilledhisbelly.

Raccoons-renownedfortheirabilitytojimmytheirwayintolockedgarbagecans-havelongbeenknown

fortheircleverness.Butresearchershavelittlesenseofhowclevertheyreallyare.Astudypublishedrecentlymay

changethat.

From2016to2017,LaurenStanton,anecologistwhowasdrawnbyraccoons5quickabilitytoadaptto

environments,andhercolleaguesplacedsixpuzzleboxesinaresidentialbackyard.Puzzleboxesarestandardin

cognitionandbehaviorstudies,whereananimalclaws,grabs,orfiddleswithasinglelatcheddoorhidingsomefood.

Butthescientistsdesignedanewtypeofboxwith24food-filledcompartments（分B鬲層）ratherthanthetypical

singlecompartment,givingthemmoredatapointstoseehowraccoonsmightsolvenewproblems.

Camerasrevealedsomesurprises.Inoneinstance,araccoonpushesaskunk（臭鼬）outofthewaytofiddlewith

adifficultlatch,theneasilyopensit.Inanother,someraccoonswaitnearthepuzzleboxuntilanotherraccoonsolves

it,pushingitasideandgettingtherewardwithoutanywork.Inall,about25%oftheraccoonswereabletoopenat

leastthreedoors,althoughthatwasnotasgoodasthe65%observedinthelab.

In2017,Stanton'steamincreasedthedifficultylevel,introducinganewpuzzlewithfourdifferenttypesoflocks.

Again,25%oftheraccoonsweresuccessful,demonstratingflexibilityinproblem-solving.

Thefindingscouldhelpexplainhowraccoonsthriveinurbansettings,solvingthemany“puzzles“ofanurban

environment,saysBlakeMorton,ananimalbehaviorist."Thisiswonderfulwhenstudiescomeoutlikethis,because

itshowsthatwecandothesestudiesinthewild,andweshouldbedoingthem.^^

12.WhydidGreatBasinmakegreateffortstofiddlewiththelatches?

A.Tohavefun.B.Toaccessthefoodinside.

C.Toescapefromdanger.D.Toattractotherraccoons.

13.WhatdidLaurenStanton?sresearchfocusonaboutraccoons?

A.Theirinteractionpatterns.B.Theirproblem-solvingabilities.

C.Theirfoodpreferences.D.Theiradaptabilityinthewild.

14.HowdidLaurenStantonandher-colleaguestestraccoons5abilitytoadapt?

A.Bycomparinglabandfieldfindings.B.Byobservingbehaviorsviacameras.

C.Byemployingstandardpuzzleboxes.D.Bypresentingincreasinglychallengingtasks.

15.WhatdoesBlakeMortonthinkofStanton'sstudies?

A.Theyholdscientificvalueandshouldcontinue.

B.Theyneedtoinvolvemoreanimalspeciesinthewild.

C.Theyinspirenewwaystodealwithraccoonsincities.

D.Theyoffernewinsightsintohuman-wildlifecoexistence.

【答案】12.B13.B14.D15.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了浣熊的聰明才智，特別是它們解決問題的能力，并通過勞倫?斯

坦頓的研究來展示這一點(diǎn)。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的"Theraccooncouldsmellcatfoodwithin,but12latched（閂住）narrowdoors

blockedhisentry.（浣熊能聞到里面有貓糧的味道，但12扇閂著的窄門擋住了它的去路）”和第二段中的“So

GreatBasinjumpedonthetopandbegantofiddle（不停擺弄）withthelatchesupsidedown.Hequicklyopenedone

ofthedoorsandfilledhisbelly.（于是GreatBasin跳到上面，開始把門閂倒過來撥弄。它很快打開了一扇門，

填飽了肚子）”可知，GreatBasin努力擺弄閂鎖是為了吃到里面的食物。故選B項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“From2016to2017,LaurenStanton,anecologistwhowasdrawnbyraccoons9

quickabilitytoadapttoenvironments,andhercolleaguesplacedsixpuzzleboxesinaresidentialbackyard.（2016

年至2017年，生態(tài)學(xué)家勞倫?斯坦頓和她的同事在住宅后院放置了六個(gè)益智盒子，她被浣熊快速適應(yīng)環(huán)境

的能力所吸引）”和“Butthescientistsdesignedanewtypeofboxwith24food-filledcompartments（分隔層）

ratherthanthetypicalsinglecompartment,givingthemmoredatapointstoseehowraccoonsmightsolvenew

problems.（但科學(xué)家們設(shè)計(jì)了一種新型盒子，里面有24個(gè)裝滿食物的隔層，而不是典型的單個(gè)隔層，這為它

們提供了更多的數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)，來觀察浣熊如何解決新問題）”可知，勞倫?斯坦頓的研究重點(diǎn)是浣熊解決問題的

能力。故選B項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Butthescientistsdesignedanewtypeofboxwith24food-filledcompartments

（分隔層）ratherthanthetypicalsinglecompartment,givingthemmoredatapointstoseehowraccoonsmightsolve

newproblems.（但科學(xué)家們設(shè)計(jì)了一種新型的盒子，它有24個(gè)裝滿食物的隔間，而不是典型的單個(gè)隔間，這

給了它們更多的數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)來觀察浣熊如何解決新問題）”和第六段中的“In2017,Stanton飛teamincreasedthe

difficultylevel,introducinganewpuzzlewithfourdifferenttypesoflocks.Again,25%oftheraccoonswere

successful,demonstratingflexibilityinproblem-solving.（2017年，斯坦頓的團(tuán)隊(duì)提高了難度級別，引入了一個(gè)

帶有四種不同類型鎖的新謎題。同樣，25%的浣熊成功了，表現(xiàn)出解決問題的靈活性）”可知，勞倫?斯坦

頓和她的同事們通過提出越來越具有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務(wù)來測試浣熊的適應(yīng)能力。故選D項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中布萊克?莫頓的話“Thisiswonderfulwhenstudiescomeoutlikethis,becauseit

showsthatwecandothesestudiesinthewild,andweshouldbedoingthem.（這樣的研究結(jié)果真是太棒了，因?yàn)?/p>

它表明我們可以在野外進(jìn)行這些研究，而且我們應(yīng)該這樣做）”可知，布萊克?莫頓認(rèn)為斯坦頓的研究具有

科學(xué)價(jià)值，應(yīng)該繼續(xù)進(jìn)行。故選A項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

Duringyourteenageyears,yourbodygoesthroughmanychanges,andyoumayormaynotlikehowyour

bodydevelops.Youstartforminganimageofyourbody.16

Youcandevelopeitherapositiveornegativebodyimage,dependingonyourmindset.

Oneofthemajorcontributorsofanegativebodyimageispeerpressure.Evenifyoudonotthinkyouare

beingbulliedbyyourgroupoffriendsyoumaybelaughedatcasuallyaboutyourappearanceoryoumaysimply

noticethattheyseemmore"perfect“thanyou.Thiscanhaveanegativeimpactonyourbodyimage.17

Often,anidealbodytypeispromotedheavilyonsocialnetworks.Culturemayalsohaveanegativeimpacton

one'sbodyimage.Ifyourculturevaluesaparticularbodyimage,thenthatwouldmakeyouunhappyifyoudon't

matchit.

Anegativebodyimageincreasestheriskofunhealthybehaviorslikeextremedieting,overeating,over

exercising,isolation,andriskysurgeries.Italsolowerslifesatisfactionandcanleadtounhappiness.18

Tohaveamorepositivebodyimage,firstacceptthatwearealluniqueindividuals.Imagineifeveryone

lookedthesame,theworldwouldbeaboringplace.19Beautystandardskeepchangingallthetime.Whafs

more,modelsandcelebritiesyouseeinthemediamaylook“perfect“fortheera,but,infact,muchofitisdueto

makeup,anglesandlightingandPhotoshop!

20Avoidcommentingonothers9looks,andyouwillstopcriticizingyourselftoo.Ifyouhavepeers

whoconstantlycommentaboutyourappearance,itmightbetimetore-evaluatethecompanyyoukeep.

Remember,yourbodyimageissimplyYOURperception（感知）ofyourbody.ThismeansYOUhavethe

powertochangethis,evenifyoudonothavetheabilitytochangetheperceptionofothers.

A.Yourbodyimageisinfluencedbymanyfactors.

B.Anothermajorfactoriswhatisshowninthemedia.

C.Itissimplyhowyousee,thinkandfeelaboutyourself.

D.Moreimportantly,thereisnosuchthingasaperfectbody.

E.Ingeneral,thekeytoapositivebodyimageisself-acceptance.

F.Also,insteadoffocusingonappearances,learntovaluepeopleforwhotheyreallyare.

G.Overfocusingonappearancecanstopyoufromappreciatingyourotherpositivequalities.

【答案】16.C17.B18.E19.D20.F

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了什么是身體形象以及應(yīng)該如何正確看待身體形象。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Duringyourteenageyears,yourbodygoesthroughmanychanges,andyoumayormaynotlikehow

yourbodydevelops.Youstartforminganimageofyourbody.（在青少年時(shí)期，你的身體會經(jīng)歷很多變化，你可

能喜歡也可能不喜歡你身體的發(fā)育方式。你開始形成自己身體的形象）”可知，本句承接上文，解釋什么是

身體形象。故C選項(xiàng)“簡單地說，就是你如何看待、思考和感受自己”符合語境，故選C。

【17題詳解】

本艮據(jù)上文“Oneofthemajorcontributorsofanegativebodyimageispeerpressure.Evenifyoudonotthinkyou

arebeingbulliedbyyourgroupoffriends,youmaybelaughedatcasuallyaboutyourappearanceoryoumaysimply

noticethattheyseemmore46perfecf,thanyou.Thiscanhaveanegativeimpactonyourbodyimage.（負(fù)面身體形象

的主要原因之一是同伴壓力。即使你認(rèn)為你沒有被你的一群朋友欺負(fù)，你可能會隨意被嘲笑你的外表，或者

你可能只是注意到他們看起來比你更“完美”。這會對你的身體形象產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響）”以及后文“Often,an

idealbodytypeispromotedheavilyonsocialnetworks.（通常，理想的體型在社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)上被大力宣傳）”可知，

后文主要說明了社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)導(dǎo)致了負(fù)面身體形象，B選項(xiàng)中media對應(yīng)后文socialnetworks。故B選項(xiàng)“另一

個(gè)主要因素是媒體所展示的內(nèi)容”符合語境，故選B。

【18題詳解】

木艮據(jù)上文“Anegativebodyimageincreasestheriskofunhealthybehaviorslikeextremedieting,overeating,over

exercising,isolation,andriskysurgeries.Italsolowerslifesatisfactionandcanleadtounhappiness.（負(fù)面的身體形

象會增加不健康行為的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，比如極端節(jié)食、暴飲暴食、過度鍛煉、孤立和危險(xiǎn)的手術(shù)。它還會降低生活滿

意度，導(dǎo)致不快樂）”以及下一段“Tohaveamorepositivebodyimage,firstacceptthatweareallunique

individuals.（要有一個(gè)更積極的身體形象，首先要接受我們都是獨(dú)特的個(gè)體）”可知，上文主要說明了負(fù)面身

體形象導(dǎo)致的負(fù)面影響，下一段提出了如何擁有積極的身體形象，故E選項(xiàng)“總的來說，積極的身體形象

的關(guān)鍵是自我接納”符合語境，故選E。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Tohaveamorepositivebodyimage,firstacceptthatwearealluniqueindividuals.Imagineifeveryone

lookedthesame,theworldwouldbeaboringplace.（要有一個(gè)更積極的身體形象，首先要接受我們都是獨(dú)特的

個(gè)體。想象一下，如果每個(gè)人看起來都一樣，這個(gè)世界將是一個(gè)無聊的地方）”以及后文"Beautystandards

keepchangingallthetime.Whafsmore,modelsandcelebritiesyouseeinthemediamaylook“perfect“fortheera,

but,infact,muchofitisduetomakeup,anglesandlightingandPhotoshop!（審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一直在變化。更重要的是，

你在媒體上看到的模特和名人可能看起來“完美”，但事實(shí)上，這很大程度上是由于化妝、角度、燈光和

PS!）”可知，上文指出每個(gè)人看起來一樣世界將會變得無聊，后文指出審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一直在變化，說明沒有完

全完美的身體，因?yàn)閷徝罉?biāo)準(zhǔn)一直在變化。故D選項(xiàng)“更重要的是，沒有完美的身材”符合語境，故選D。

[20題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Avoidcommentingonothers'looks,andyouwillstopcriticizingyourselftoo.Ifyouhavepeerswho

constantlycommentaboutyourappearance,itmightbetimetore-evaluatethecompanyyoukeep.（避免評論另ij人

的長相，你也會停止批評自己。如果你的同齡人經(jīng)常評論你的外表，也許是時(shí)候重新評估一下你的伙伴了）”

可知，本段主要說明了不應(yīng)該評論別人的長相，即不要只關(guān)注外表，故F選項(xiàng)“另外，不要只關(guān)注外表，要

學(xué)會珍視人們的內(nèi)在”符合語境