備戰(zhàn)2022高考英語閱讀理解熱點話題+體裁分類訓(xùn)練(高考模擬+名校真題)專題15朋友Passage1（2014·重慶·高考真題）Iwasneververyneat,whilemyroommateKatewasextremelyorganized.Eachofherobjectshaditsplace,butminealwayshidsomewhere.Sheevenlabeled(貼標(biāo)簽)everything.Ialwayslookedforeverything.Overtime,KategotneaterandIgotmessier.Shewouldpushmydirtyclothingover,andIwouldlaymybooksonhertidydesk.Webothgottiredofeachother.Warbrokeoutoneevening.Katecameintotheroom.Soon,Iheardherscreaming,“Takeyourshoesaway!Whyundermybed!”Deafened,Isawmyshoesflyingatme.Ijumpedtomyfeetandstartedyelling.Sheyelledbacklouder.Theroomwasfilledwithanger.Wecouldnothavestayedtogetherforasingleminutebutforaphonecall.Kateansweredit.Fromherendoftheconversation,Icouldtellrightawayhergrandmawasseriouslyill.Whenshehungup,shequicklycrawledunderhercovers,sobbing.Obviously,thatwassomethingsheshouldnotgothroughphone.Allofasudden,awarmfeelingofsympathyroseupinmyheart.Slowly,Icollectedthepencils,tookbackthebooks,mademybed,cleanedthesocksandsweptthefloor,evenonherside.IgotsointomyworkthatIevendidn'tnoticeKatehadsatup.Shewaswatching,hertearsdriedandherexpressiononeofdisbelief.Then,shereachedoutherhandstograspmine.Ilookedupintohereyes.Shesmiledatme,“Thanks.”KateandIstayedroommatesfortherestoftheyear.Wedidn'talwaysagree,butwelearnedthekeytolivingtogether:givingin,cleaningupandholdingon.1．WhatmadeKateangryoneevening?A．Shecouldn’tfindherbooks.B．Sheheardtheauthorshoutingloud.C．Shegotthenewsthathergrandmawasill.D．Shesawtheauthor'sshoesbeneathherbed.2．Theauthortidieduptheroommostprobablybecause_______.A．shehatedherselfforbeingsomessyB．shewasaskedbyKatetodosoC．shewasscaredbyKate’sangerD．shewantedtoshowhercare3．HowisParagraph1mainlydeveloped?A．Byanalyzingcauses.B．Bydescribingaprocess.C．Byshowingdifferences.D．Byfollowingtimeorder.4．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthestory?A．MyFriendKateB．HardWorkPaysOffC．HowtoBeOrganizedD．LearningtoBeRoommatesPassage2lives.If·高考真題）Theyarethesortoffriendswhoaresoclosetheytrusteachotherwiththeirlives.Ifonefalls,theotheristheretocatchhim.TheyareWellman,whoselegswerepermanentlyinjurednineyearsagoinarockclimbingaccidentandCorbett,anexperiencedrockclimber.Together,theyclimbedupHalfDome.thefamous2,000footrockintheYosemiteNationalpark,throughoneofthemostdifficultroutes(路線).Duringtheclimb,Corbetttookthelead,hitinthemetalspikes(尖狀物)thatguidedtheropesandclimbedup.Then,afterWellmanpulledhimselfuptherope,Corbettwentdowntoremovethespikesandclimbedupagain.Thisprocesswasrepeatedtimeandagain,inchbyinch,for13daysWellman’sjobwasnoteasyeither.Hegothimselfuptheropethroughupperbodystrengthalone.Inall,Wellmanfigured(計算)thathehaddone5.000pullupsuptheropeontheclimb.However,whenthetwomenfirstmet,theynevertalkedaboutclimbing.“HeknewthatwashowIgotinjured.”Wellmansaid.UntilonedayWellmandecidedthatbewantedtoclimbagainandtheystartedtrainingTheirclimbofHalfDomewasnotallsmooth.Atonepoint,piecesofrockgaveway,andCorbettdroppeddownquickly.Wellmanlockedtheirropeinplace,stoppingthefallat20feet.Hisquickactionprobablysavedhisfriend’slife.“Yourpartnercansaveyourlife—youcansaneyourpartner’slife”Wellmansaidasthepairreceivedcongratulationsfromfriends“therearerealclosetic.”5．WhichofthefollowingwasachallengeforCorbettinclimbingHalfDome?A．Toclimbuptoremovethespikes. B．Toclimbittwice.C．Todo5,000pallupsuptherope. D．Tolocktheropeinplace.6．Whydidthetwomennevertalkaboutclimbingwhentheyfirstmet?A．climbedwaspoorlytrained.B．Wellmanhadlostinterestinclimbing.C．Corbettdidn’twanttohurtWellman.D．Wellmanhadn’tdecidedwhethertoclimbagain.7．WhatdoweknowaboutWellman?A．HeclimbedHalfDomebyhimself.B．Hewasdisabledinatrafficaccident.C．Hestoppedrockclimbingforsometime.D．HewassavedbyCorbettduringtheclimb.8．Themainideaofthetextisthat.A．twoheadsarebetterthanone.B．friendshipispreciousinlifeC．thedisabledshouldnevergiveup.D．a(chǎn)mancanbedestroyedbutcannotbedefeated.Passage3（2019·遼寧大連·一模）Whengoingthroughmajorlifechanges,likechangingcareers,IwouldchangethepeoplewithwhomIspentthemosttime.We’veallgonethroughperiodswhenthepeopleinourliveshavechanged—graduation,movingtoanewcity,gettinganewjob,joininganewclub,etc.Idon’tthinkIneedtoconvinceyoujusthowmuchinfluenceotherpeoplecanhaveoveryouridentity.Ifyou’veeverexperiencedamajorswitchinyourpeopleenvironment,thenyouknowthatyouchangeaswell.Mostpeopledon’tmakethesechoicesconsciouslythough.Youmightconsciouslydecidetospendmoretimewithacertainfriend,oryoumayasksomeoneoutonadatetobeginanewrelationship.Butfewpeoplechoosetheirexistingfriendshipsdeliberately.There’sno“gettingridofpeople”.Peoplearealwaysdroppingintoandoutofeachother’slives.Associationsgrowintofriendships,andfriendshipsfadeintoassociations.Youdon’tgetridofanyone.Thetruthisthatinordertomakeroomfornewpeopleandnewexperiences,youmayneedtoloosenupsomeofyourexistingconnections.Whataboutloyalty?Shouldn’tyoualwaysbeloyaltoyourfriends?Onceyouhaveaclosefriend,eveniftheirinfluenceonyouisslightlyharmful,shouldn’tyoustickbythem?Loyaltytoafriendsometimesmeanshavingtoletgo.Itmeansbeingloyaltotheirhighestandbestaswell.Ifsomeoneisdestroyinghishealthbysmoking,forexample,youaren’tshowingloyaltybysmokingrightalongwithhim.Trueloyallysometimesrequiresthatyoubreakdamagingconnections,getyourselfbackonsolidground,andthendecidewhatyoucanreallydotohelpyourfriend.Itcantakealotofcouragetotellsomeone,“I’msorry,butIcan’thaveyouinmylifeanymore."Buteventhoughthismightseemlikeaselfishactattimes,it’softenthebestthingfortheotherpersontoo.Ifarelationshipisholdingyoubackinsomeway,understandthatitisalsohurtingtheotherperson.Forexample,ifyouworkforaviolentboss,youracceptanceofthatsituationisconsideredtobesilentapproval,encouragingyourbosstocontinuetobehaveviolently.9．Whenexperiencingmajorlifechanges,peoplemay________.A．joinanewsocialmunity B．influencetheirfriendsaroundC．choosetheirfriendshipspurposely D．havetheirpeopleenvironmentchanged10．WhatcanbeconcludedfromParagraph3inthepassage?A．Everyonehasatleastonefriend.B．Friendshipstillexiststhoughthere’slessconnection.C．Itisunnecessarytomakenewfriends.D．Yououghttotreatyouroldandnewfriendequally.11．Whatistheauthor’sopinionontheloyaltytofriends?A．Neverbetrayyourclosefriendswhateverhappens.B．Correcttheirmistakeswhileyouguardtheirgoodness.C．Stickbyyourfriendseventhoughtheydoharmloyou.D．Breakupwithyourfriendsimmediatelyiftheysmoke.12．Howshouldwebehavewhenemployedbyaviolentboss?A．Weshouldacceptwhatwearetoldtodo.B．Weshouldstaysilentandbeinfavorofit.C．Weshouldbravelydisobeyhimifheiswrong.D．Weshouldgiveourbosscouragetocontinue.Passage4（2021·江蘇·南京外國語學(xué)校一模）AwhilebackIcaughtanewsreportonsomethingcalled―couchsurfingandthenetworkoftrustingsoulswhomakethisphenomenonpossible.Theyoffertoputuptravelersfreeofchargeandhelpthemontheirways.Atfirst,itsoundedunbelievable.Imean,invitingstrangersintoone’shomeforoneortwonights?Givemeabreak.However,Iwasintrigued.Idecidedtofinditout.Theonlywaytotrulylearnaboutthisphenomenonwastodivein.SoIplannedatriptoFinland,acountryI’vealwayswantedtoexplore.Iwouldcouchsurfateverystopthere.Ifeveranyanxietyexistedwhensteppingintotheunknown,itdisappearedwhenmyfirsthostmetmeatthetrainstation.ArilookedlikemyideaofatypicalFinn:tallandblueeyed.Finnswerealsosupposedtobefamouslyreserved(寡言少語的).Ariwasanythingbut.Hewasalivewire,givingmeawarmweleandwalkingwithmetohisapartment,whereheshowedmethesleepersofa,servedmetea,andengagedmeinwarmconversations.HealsohandedmeakeytoeandgoasIpleased.Ifthiswaswhatcouchsurfingwasallabout—trustandfriendship—thenIhadgottenofftoagoodstart.AsIboardedmynexttraintocontinuemyjourney,Ibegantothinkaboutthiscouchsurfingidea.Whatencouragedthesepeopletoopentheirhomestostrangers?Iconcludedthattherewasadesiretolendahandtolikemindedfolkswhomightenrichtheirownlives.Sevencitiesin14days.Sevenhosts.Sevennewfriends.Ifcouchsurfingtaughtmeanything,it’sthis:Mostpeoplearegoodandgenerous.Wherewillcouchsurfingtakemenext?Whoknows?ButIcan’twaittofindout.13．Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedwordinthesecondparagraph?A．relaxed. B．bored.C．interested. D．pleased.14．WhatcanweknowaboutAri?A．HewasreservedlikemostFinns.B．Hetalkedlessbuthewasfriendly.C．Hetreatedtheauthorasafriend.D．Hesawofftheauthoratthetrainstation.15．Whydidpeopleoffercouchsurfingtostrangers?A．Totakeanadventurewithstrangers.B．Toexchangehousesforashorttime.C．Tolearnmoreaboutothers’familylives.D．Toenrichtheirownlivesbyhelpingothers.16．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TravelonTrustandCouchesB．AFreeTravelinFinlandC．ExperiencesinStrangers’HousesD．APlanforCouchSurfingPassage5（2020·湖南·長沙市明德中學(xué)一模）Iwasanewerinaclass.SowasAlice.That'swherethesimilaritiesended.Iwastallandshewassmall.Mythick,blackhairhadbeenrecentlycutshort.Hernaturalblondehairflowedtoherwaistandlookedgreat.Iwasawkwardandshy.Shewasn't.Icouldn'tstandher.Iconsideredhermyenemy.Shelikedme.Shewantedtobefriends.Oneday,sheinvitedmeoverandIsaidyes—Iwastooshockedtoansweranyotherway.Noonehadinvitedmeovertoplay.Butthisgirlwhoworethelatestfashionswantedmetogohomewithherafterschool.Igotverysurprisedwhensheledmeintoanapartmentbuilding.Shelivedonthefourthfloorinatworoomplacewithhermother,herstepfather,hertwobrothersandhersister.Whenwegottotheroomshesharedwithhersister,shetookoutabigcaseofBarbies—whichwasmynextsurprise.Iwouldhavethoughtshe'doutgrownthem.Ihadneverplayedwiththem.Butwesatonthefloorofawalkincloset,laughingaswemadeupcrazystoriesabouttheBarbies.That'swhenwefoundoutthatwebothwantedtobewriterswhenwewereolderandwebothhadwildimaginations.Wehadagreatdaythatafternoon.Ourjawsachedfromsmilingsomuch.Sheshowedmeherwardrobe,whichhadmostlyefromadesignerclothingstoredowntheblock.Thewomanwhoowneditusedherasamodelsometimesforhernewspaperadsandgaveherclothesinexchange.Alicehadthewholeneighborhoodcharmed.Thebookstoreownerslentherfashionmagazines,themovietheatergaveherfreepassesandthepizzaplaceletherhavefreeslices.SoonIwasincludedinhermagicworld.Wesleptoverateachother'shouses,andspenteveryfreemomenttogether.MydarkhairgrewoutandIlearnedtolovebeingtall.Alice,myfirstrealfriendsincechildhood,taughtmeanamazingandverysurprisingthingaboutmakingfriends:thatyourworstenemycanturnouttobeyourbestfriend.17．Whatmadethesimilaritiesend?A．Leavingtheauthor'soldschool.B．Beingadmittedtotheirnewclasses.C．Theirdifferencesinappearanceandpersonalities.D．Theirdifferentdemandsoffriendshipandfashion.18．WhatdidtheauthorthinkoftheBarbies?A．Alicewastoomatureforthem.B．Alicemusthavemadethembyherself.C．Theyshouldhavebeenkeptwell.D．Theybroughtherbacktoherchildhood.19．WecaninferfromthepassagethatAlice________.A．helpedtheauthorseeherownstrengthsB．wasgoodwiththepeoplearoundherC．helpedtobringoutthebestintheauthorD．inspiredtheauthorsloveforfashion20．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesAliceasafriend?A．Humorous. B．Ambitious.C．Caring. D．Friendly.Passage6（2021·江蘇·海安高級中學(xué)二模）Lifeisfilledwithchallenges.Aswegetolder,weetorealizethatthosechallengesaretheverythingsthatshapeusandmakeuswhoweare.Itisthesamewiththechallengesthatewithfriendship.Whenwearefacedwithachallenge,weusuallyhavetwochoices.Wecantrytochallengeit,orwecandecidethatthethingisn’tworththetroubleandcallitquits.Althoughtherearecertainlytimeswhencallingitquitsistherightthingtodo,inmostcasewhatweneededismitment(投入)andmunication.Whenwearemittedtosomething,itmeansthatnomatterhowpainfulorhowunfortablesomethingis,wewillalwayschoosetofaceitinsteadofrunningawayfromit.municationismakingspacefordiscussionandtalkingabouthowyoufeelinsteadofjustsayingwhattheotherpersondidwrong.Ifyoucansaytoafriend,“Igotmyfeelingshurt.”ratherthan“Youhurtmyfeelings.”youaregoingtobeabletosolvetheproblemmuchfaster.Indealingwithmanychallengesthatfriendshipwillbringtoyou,trytoseethemforwhattheyare:smallhurdles(欄桿)youneedtojumporgetthroughonyourwaythroughlife.Nothingissobigthatitisimpossibletogetover,andhurtonlyservestomakeusstronger.It’sallpartofgrowingup.Ithappenstoeveryone,andsomedayyouwilllookbackonallofthisandsay,“Hardasitwas,itmademewhoIamtoday.Andthatisagoodthing,”21．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Friendshipneedschallenges.B．Challengesshapeourchallenges.C．Smallhurdlesaren’tworththetrouble.D．mitmentcanformfriendship.22．Whatdidthewritersuggestwhenfacedwithachallenge?A．Oneshouldcallitquits.B．Oneshouldtemporarilyrunawayfromit.C．Oneshouldbemittedandmunicable.D．Oneshouldlayjtasideforawhileandaskforothers’help.23．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“callitquits”inParagraph1mean?A．Letgoofit. B．Getoverit,C．Forgetaboutit. D．Putitaside.24．Thewholepassageiscenteredontherelationshipbetween________.A．friendshipandchallenges B．municationandfriendshipC．mitmentandmunication D．challengesandthewaystogetthroughPassage7（2020·廣東廣州·一模）WhenAlleninvitedmeonacampingtriptothemountains,Iimaginedawoodencabinoverlookingalake,withawarmfireplace,hotcocoa,andsoftbeds.ButmyhappyimagebecameanightmarewhenAllenandhisolderbrother,Leo,showedupwithatruckfilledwithcampingequipment—tents,sleepingbags,andwaterbottles,Weweregoingonsurvivaltraining!TheeverefficientLeowaskeentoleavethecitybehindusandurgedustohurry.Severalhourslater,aswedrovethroughtheforest,themountainsseemedbiggerthanIremembered;thetreeswerelarger,andtheenvironmentfeltmorethreatening.Atthetrailhead,LeotiedasleepingbagontomyalreadyheavypackandlecturedAllenandmeabouthikingrules.Then,withLeointhelead,wesetoffalongthenarrowandsteepdirttrackthatwoundupthemountain.After6hoursofclimbing,wefinallyreachedthetop.Mylegsaching,Idroppedmypackandgroanedbuttherewasnotimetorest."Weneedtosetupcampquickly,"saidLeo."Therearedarkcloudsingin.Astorm’sonitsway."Ithoughthewaskidding,butLeowasquiteserious.HeandAllenworkedexpertly,whileIstoodaroundandpretendedtohelp,thunderrumblinginthedistance.Wejustfinishedputtingupthetentswhenithit.Thewind,thunder,andlightningwererelentless.Leo,sensingthatIwasscared,startedtellingussomestoriesabouthiscampingadventures.Buteachtimelightninglitupthetentandthethunderechoed,Ijumped."Don'tworry.Summerstormspassquickly,"Leosaidtryingtofortme."Andatleasttherainwillkeepthebearsaway,"hesaidwithateasingsmile,whichwaslessforting.Andjustasquicklyasthestormcamerushingin,itpassed,andweexitedthetent.Theviewwasincredible—Icouldseeformiles.Asdarknesssetin,Istaredinwonderatthemillionsofglowingstarsinthenightsky.Iwon'tlie—Iwasstillwishingforahotshowerandasoftbed,butasIgazedupwardattheMilkyWay,IknewthiswasanadventureIwouldneverforget.25．WhywastheauthorsurprisedwhenAllencametogethimatthebeginningofthestory?A．Allenhadarrivedearlierthanarranged.B．HesawthatAllenwasnotwellprepared.C．Herealizedtheirtripwouldbechallenging.D．Allen'sbrotherwasunexpectedlywithhim.26．Whywasitnecessarytosetupcampimmediatelyafterreachingthemountaintop?A．Itwasalmostnighttime. B．Theweatherwaschanging.C．Theyweretiredandneededtorest. D．Theyneededprotectionsfromanimals.27．WhatcanweguessaboutLeo?A．Hewasanexperiencedandcapablehiker.B．Hewasinconsiderateofother'sfeelings.C．Hehadknownthewriterforalongtime.D．Hehadnotbeentothismountainbefore.28．Howdidtheauthorfeelattheendofthestory?A．Satisfied. B．Optimistic. C．Scared. D．Disappointed.Passage8（2021·山東泰安·一模）AmandaKofoedshadfoundastrangelumpinherarmonedayandvisitedadoctoratafriend'surging.Duringthistime,shewasenrolledinschoolforeducationandwascurrentlyuninsuredduetotheexpense.Sheplannedtosavemoneysoshecouldgetonherhusband'sinsuranceandthenseekmedicaltreatmentforthecancer.Herfriendsandfamilydidn'twanthertopostponehertreatmentduetotheexpense.TheytookmattersintotheirownhandsandstartedaGoFundMecampaign.Thefriendcameupwiththecreativeideatospreadthewordandinvitefamily,friends,andstrangerswhowantedtohelptoparticipateinadonationflashmob(快閃行動).Theeventstartedanoutpouringofenormousgenerosityfromthelocalmunity.AmandaandherhusbandClinttearedupasthecrowdpassedbyandthedonationspouredin.Thegenerousactofkindnessgavethefamilyaforting,andoptimisticfeelingduringatimewhenallhopeseemedlost.ClintsaidthatAmandastruggledwiththeideaofaskingforhelp.Shefeltguiltyandundeservingparedtootherswhoarealsostruggling.Inthetimesince,Amandahasenrolledinaninsuranceplanandhasfinishedchemotherapy.Lifeforthefamilyhasstartedgettingbacktotheirnormalroutine.OnceAmandagotherstrengthback,shereturnedtoschoolandpletedherbachelor'sdegreeineducation.Sheisnowateacher.Shesaidtheexperiencemotivatedhertoinstill(灌輸)thevalueofcharityinherchildren.Thefamilyisnowinspiredtovolunteerintheirlocalneighborhoodandcontributetocrowdfunding(眾籌)efforts.Theyaregratefulfortheopportunitytogivebackandhelpothersasmanyhavehelpedthem.Thecouplesaidtheyfeelblessedbythestrongsupport.PassItOnwantstocelebratethoseheroesduringthefamily'sdarkesttime.Theseindividualsperfectlydemonstratethevalueofmunity.Itiswiththehelpoftheirgenerositythatthefamilyisnowhappy,healthyandwhole.29．WhydidAmandaKofoedspostponehertreatment?A．Shewasadmittedtoaschool.B．Herfamilycouldn'taffordthemedicalcost.C．Nogooddoctorscouldtreathercancer.D．Herfriendsandfamilyrefusedtoassisther.30．WhatdidherfriendsdotohelpAmandaKofoeds?A．Theystartedadonationflashmob.B．Theyfoundedamunityschool.C．Theysupportedherthroughlocalhospitals.D．Theyfoughtforassistancefromthewholecountry.31．Whichwordbestdescribesthecouple'sfeelingwhenstronglysupported?A．Guilty. B．Satisfied. C．Anxious. D．Grateful.32．WhatcanwelearnfromAmandaKofoeds'story?A．Hardworkpaysoff.B．Thevalueofcharityisgreat.C．Educationisthekeytosuccess.D．Afriendisneverknowntillamanhasneed.參考答案1．D2．D3．C4．D【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者與室友生活習(xí)慣迥異，沖突在所難免。在室友遭遇悲痛之時，作者以實際行動表達自己的同情，從而達成和好。作者從中懂得一個道理：讓步、整理房間和堅持是處理室友關(guān)系的關(guān)鍵。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Iheardherscreaming.“Takeyourshoesaway!Whyundermybed!”Deafened,Isawmyshoesflyingatme.可知，室友生氣是因為作者亂丟亂放的鞋子，故選D。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Allofasudden,awarmfeelingofsympathyroseupinmyheart.可知，作者整理房間是出于對室友悲傷的同情而表達自己的關(guān)切，故選D。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Eachofherobjectshaditsplace,butminealwayshidsomewhere.Sheevenlabeled(貼標(biāo)簽)everything.Ialwayslookedforeverything.Overtime，KategotneaterandIgotmessier.Shewouldpushmydirtyclothingover,andIwouldlaymybooksonhertidydesk.Sowebothgottiredofeachother.等內(nèi)容可知，作者列舉了與室友在日常習(xí)慣上的種種差異，故選C。4．主旨大意題。文章最后一段welearnedthekeytolivingtogether:givingin,cleaningupandholdingon.可知，作者表達了自己敘述這個故事的意圖：就是懂得了與室友相處的關(guān)鍵，故選D。5．B6．C7．C8．B【分析】這是一篇記敘文。本文通過講述Wellman和Corbett之間友誼的故事告訴我們在生活中友誼的珍貴。5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段前三行“Duringtheclimb,Corbetttookthelead,hitinthemetalspikes(尖狀物)thatguidedtheropesandclimbedup.Then,afterWellmanpulledhimselfuptherope,Corbettwentdowntoremovethespikesandclimbedupagain.”可知，在攀爬過程中，科貝特帶頭，撞上了引導(dǎo)繩索的金屬釘，爬了上去。后來，威爾曼把繩子拉上來后，科比特下去取下釘子，又爬上去。因此爬兩次是科貝特攀登半圓頂?shù)奶魬?zhàn)。故選B項。6．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“HeknewthatwashowIgotinjured.”Wellmansaid可知,他知道我是怎么受傷的。Wellman說。他們沒有談?wù)撆蕩r是因為Corbett不想傷害Wellman。故選C項。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“UntilonedayWellmandecidedthatbewantedtoclimbagainandtheystartedtraining.”直到有一天，威爾曼決定要再爬一次，他們開始訓(xùn)練。由此判斷出說明因為受傷他曾經(jīng)停止訓(xùn)練一段時間，后來又重新恢復(fù)訓(xùn)練，故選C項。lives.If通讀全文可知,根據(jù)本文主題段第一段內(nèi)容“Theyarethesortoffriendswhoaresoclosetheytrusteachotherwiththeirlives.Ifonefalls,theotheristheretocatchhim.”可知，他們是那種親密到可以用生命來信任對方的朋友。如果一個人摔倒了，另一個人會在那里接住他。所以Wellman和Corbett通過在攀巖活動中互相幫助,戰(zhàn)勝困難,甚至挽救生命的事跡,歌頌了友誼之珍貴。故選B項。9．D10．B11．B12．C【分析】本文是一篇議論文，人們經(jīng)歷生活中的重大變化時，也會改變他/她周圍的人，其中就包括我們的朋友關(guān)系。文章介紹了在這種情況下，對待朋友我們應(yīng)該有的正確態(tài)度和方法。9．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一句“Whengoingthroughmajorlifechanges,likechangingcareers,IwouldchangethepeoplewithwhomIspentthemosttime.”可知當(dāng)人們經(jīng)歷生活中的重大變化時，也會改變他/她周圍的人。故D項正確。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段前三句“There’sno“gettingridofpeople”.Peoplearealwaysdroppingintoandoutofeachother’slives.Associationsgrowintofriendships,andfriendshipsfadeintoassociations.”可知當(dāng)我們做出改變的時候，和別人的聯(lián)系變成了友誼，這時雙方的關(guān)系得到了升華；然后友誼變成了聯(lián)系。但是雖然關(guān)系不如之前緊密，但友誼仍然是存在的。故B項正確。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第二句“Itmeansbeingloyaltotheirhighestandbestaswell.”和最后一句“Trueloyallysometimesrequiresthatyoubreakdamagingconnections,getyourselfbackonsolidground,andthendecidewhatyoucanreallydotohelpyourfriend.”可知對朋友的忠誠意味著要認可他們的優(yōu)點同時幫助他們改正缺點。故B項正確。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段前兩句“Itcantakealotofcouragetotellsomeone,“I’msorry,butIcan’thaveyouinmylifeanymore."Buteventhoughthismightseemlikeaselfishactattimes,it’softenthebestthingfortheotherpersontoo.”可知告訴別人不再做朋友是需要勇氣的，但是即使這似乎是自私的行為，但對別人來說卻常常是最好的事情。如果你被一個粗魯?shù)睦习骞蛡颍绻谒稿e的時候，我們要勇敢地反對他的意見。故C項正確。13．C14．C15．D16．A【分析】本文為一篇記敘文。記敘了我在探索“沙發(fā)沖浪”時獲得了友情和信任。13．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“However,Iwasintrigued.Idecidedtofinditout.”，推斷此處我應(yīng)該對沙發(fā)沖浪很感興趣，故推斷“intrigued”與“interested”具有相同含義。故選C項。14．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Ifthiswaswhatcouchsurfingwasallabout—trustandfriendship—thenIhadgottenofftoagoodstart.”，作者認為作者和Ari已經(jīng)有了信任與友誼，Ari把作者當(dāng)作朋友。故選C項。15．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Iconcludedthattherewasadesiretolendahandtolikemindedfolkswhomightenrichtheirownlives.”作者得出結(jié)論向陌生人提供沙發(fā)沖浪是為了通過幫助別人來豐富自己的生活。故選D項。16．主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文，文章記敘了我因為對沙發(fā)沖浪感興趣，在探索中收獲了信任與友誼。A項“靠信任與沙發(fā)進行旅行”符合文章主旨。故選A項。17．C18．A19．B20．D【分析】這是一篇記敘文。本文主要講述了作者和剛來的同學(xué)Alice，一開始作者把她看成敵人，但是有一次Alice邀請作者去她家做客，才徹底認清了好朋友，然后Alice幫助作者度過青春期的艱難時光，并教會了作者如何交朋友。17．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的That'swherethesimilaritiesended.Iwastallandshewassmall.Mythick,blackhairhadbeenrecentlycutshort.Hernaturalblondehairflowedtoherwaistandlookedgreat.Iwasawkwardandshy.Shewasn't.(我們的相似之處止于此。我很高，她個子小。我濃密的黑發(fā)剛剪短，她自然的卷發(fā)齊腰，看起來很漂亮。我膽小害羞，她不是。)可知，讓作者和Alice相似之處終結(jié)的是她們外貌和性格的不同之處。C.Theirdifferencesinappearanceandpersonalities.(她們外貌和性格的不同之處)符合以上說法，故選C項。18．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的Whenwegottotheroomshesharedwithhersister,shetookoutabigcaseofBarbies—whichwasmynextsurprise.Iwouldhavethoughtshe'doutgrownthem.Ihadneverplayedwiththem.(當(dāng)我們來到她和姐姐合住的房間時，她拿出了一個大箱子，里面全是芭比娃娃——這是我的第二個驚訝。我還以為她已經(jīng)長大了。我從來沒有玩過芭比娃娃)可推測，作者認為Alice這么大的孩子已經(jīng)不適合完芭比娃娃了。A.Alicewastoomatureforthem.(對于它們來說Alice太成熟了)符合以上說法，故選A項。19．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的Alicehadthewholeneighborhoodcharmed.Thebookstoreownerslentherfashionmagazines,themovietheatergaveherfreepassesandthepizzaplaceletherhavefreeslices.(Alice在小區(qū)很有魅力。書店老板借給她時尚雜志，電影院老板讓她免費通行，披薩店給她免費切片)可推測，Alice和周圍的人相處得很好。B.wasgoodwiththepeoplearoundher(她與周圍的人相處很好)符合以上說法，故選B項。20．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的Alice,myfirstrealfriendsincechildhood,taughtmeanamazingandverysurprisingthingaboutmakingfriends:thatyourworstenemycanturnouttobeyourbestfriend.(我自童年時代的第一個真正的朋友Alice教會了我一件關(guān)于交朋友的驚人的事情：你最大的敵人可能成為你最好的朋友)可推測，Alice是一個非常友好的人，因為她不僅成為了作者朋友，還教會了她一些道理。D.Friendly.(友好的)符合以上說法，故選D項。21．A22．C23．A24．A【分析】本文是一篇議論文，告訴我們友誼中的挑戰(zhàn)有助于我們成長，我們應(yīng)該正確對待友誼中的挑戰(zhàn)。21．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Aswegetolder,weetorealizethatthosechallengesaretheverythingsthatshapeusandmakeuswhoweare.Itisthesamewiththechallengesthatewithfriendship.”（隨著年齡的增長，我們逐漸意識到，正是這些挑戰(zhàn)塑造了我們，讓我們成為了現(xiàn)在的自己。友誼帶來的挑戰(zhàn)也是如此）可知，友誼帶來的挑戰(zhàn)有助于我們的成長，因此友誼中也需要挑戰(zhàn)，故選A。22．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Althoughtherearecertainlytimeswhencallingitquitsistherightthingtodo,inmostcasewhatweneededismitmentandmunication.”（雖然有時放棄是正確的，但在大多數(shù)情況下，我們需要的是投入