《PrecisionMeasurementTechnology》主講人：趙慧、楊國星TianjinLightIndustryVocationalTechnicalCollegeI

IIIIIIVVVIFundamentalsofCoordinateMeasurementApplication

DimensionalErrorDetectionShapeErrorDetection

DirectionalErrorDetection

PositionalErrorDetection

RunoutErrorDetectionVII

CurveandSurfaceDetectionVIII

ExtendedContentTaskIII:OperationofCALYPSOSoftwareProjectI:FundamentalsofCoordinateMeasurementApplicationsTaskII:UsageRequirementsoftheCoordinateMeasuringMachineTaskI:UnderstandingtheCoordinateMeasuringMachine(CMM)TaskIV:CommonMeasurementModesoftheCoordinateMeasuringMachineTaskI:UnderstandingtheCoordinateMeasuringMachine(CMM)12MeasurementPrinciplesoftheCoordinateMeasuringMachineBasicComponentsoftheCoordinateMeasuringMachine01MeasurementPrinciplesoftheCoordinateMeasuringMachine(CMM)TaskI:MeasurementPrinciplesoftheCoordinateMeasuringMachine(CMM)AcademicianTanJiubinoftheChineseAcademyofEngineeringandDirectorofthePrecisionInstrumentEngineeringResearchInstituteatHarbinInstituteofTechnologystated:"Withoutultra-precisionmeasurement,therecanbenohigh-endequipmentmanufacturing."Asarepresentativeprecisionmeasurementdevice,theCoordinateMeasuringMachine(CMM)iswidelyappliedinhigh-endmanufacturingindustriessuchasaerospace,aviation,andautomotive.Thepurposeofmeasurementisnotonlytodeterminewhetheraproductmeetstherequiredstandardsbutalsotoanalyzetheproductionprocessbasedonmeasurementresults,ensuringproductaccuracy.Insomecases,precisionmeasurementdirectlyparticipatesinproductmanufacturingandassembly.Throughdedicatedlearningandin-depthresearchinprecisionmeasurementtechnology,westrivetocontributetoenhancingtheoveralllevelofprecisionmanufacturinginourcountry.1.1MeasurementPrinciplesoftheCoordinateMeasuringMachineTaskI:MeasurementPrinciplesoftheCoordinateMeasuringMachine(CMM)Theworld'sfirstcoordinatemeasuringmachineinthemodernsensewasdevelopedbytheBritishcompanyFerrantiin1956.HighPrecisionHighSpeedFlexibility(Generalization)Theworld'sfirstcoordinatemeasuringmachineincorporatingcomputernumericalcontrol(CNC)technologywasdevelopedbytheGermancompanyCarlZeissin1973.Thismodel,namedUMM500,asshowninFigure1-1-2,revolutionarilyintegratedelectronictechnologywithmeasurementtechnology,achievingameasurementaccuracyofupto0.5μm.1.1MeasurementPrinciplesoftheCoordinateMeasuringMachineTaskI:MeasurementPrinciplesoftheCoordinateMeasuringMachine(CMM)ClassificationToleranceTypesFeaturesDimensionalTolerancesLinearDimensionsDistance,Radius,DiameterAngularDimensionsAngleGeometricTolerancesFormTolerancesStraightness,Flatness,Roundness,Cylindricity,LineProfile,SurfaceProfileOrientationTolerancesParallelism,Perpendicularity,Inclination,LineProfile,SurfaceProfilePositionTolerancesPositionTolerance,Coaxiality,Concentricity,Symmetry,LineProfile,SurfaceProfileRunoutTolerancesCircularRunout,TotalRunout1.1MeasurementPrinciplesoftheCoordinateMeasuringMachineTaskI:MeasurementPrinciplesoftheCoordinateMeasuringMachine(CMM)GeometricFeatureNamesExplanationofGeometricFeaturesNominalGeometricFeatureDefinedbythedesigneraccordingtospecificationsanddepictedindrawingsorCADmodelsastheidealgeometricshapeoftheworkpiece.ActualGeometricFeatureDuetomanufacturingprocesses,variationsinexternaltemperature,materialdefects,andotherfactors,dimensionaldeviationsanddeformationsmayoccur.Thegeometricfeaturesontheactualproductarereferredtoasactualgeometricfeatures.ExtractedGeometricFeatureDatapointscollectedfromthesurfaceoftheworkpiecearereferredtoasextractedgeometricfeatures.FittedGeometricFeatureDeterminedusingmeasurementsoftwarebasedonthemeasuredpoints,consideringthenominalgeometricfeature.1.1MeasurementPrinciplesoftheCoordinateMeasuringMachineTaskI:MeasurementPrinciplesoftheCoordinateMeasuringMachine(CMM)Thefundamentalprincipleofacoordinatemeasuringmachineistoplacethemeasuredpartwithinitsallowablemeasurementspaceandaccuratelydeterminethethree-coordinatepositionsofpointsonthesurfaceofthepart.Thesecoordinatevaluesarethenprocessedusingcomputationalmethodstofitandgeneratemeasurementelementssuchascircles,spheres,cylinders,cones,andcurvedsurfaces.Throughmathematicalcalculations,theshape,positionaltolerances,andothergeometricdataareobtained.Bycomparingtheseresultswiththenominalgeometricfeatures,theconsistencyofthespecifieddimensions,shapes,andpositionaltolerancesonthedrawingcanbeverified.1.1MeasurementPrinciplesoftheCoordinateMeasuringMachine02BasicComponentsoftheCoordinateMeasuringMachine1.2BasicComponentsoftheCoordinateMeasuringMachineTaskI:UnderstandingtheCoordinateMeasuringMachine(CMM)CoordinateMeasuringMachineHardwareSoftwareMainMeasuringUnitControlSystemProbeSystem1.2BasicComponentsoftheCoordinateMeasuringMachineTaskI:UnderstandingtheCoordinateMeasuringMachine(CMM)（1）MainMeasuringUnitFunctions:XYZAxes:Eachaxisisequippedwithaguiderailandanassociatedopticalscale.Asanintegratedcomponent,theopticalscaledefinesthecoordinatesystemofthemeasuringmachine,formingahigh-precisionmeasurementspace.TheXYZaxesoperateunderthecontrolofadigitalsystemtoachievemulti-axishigh-precisioncoordinatedmovement.DriveMechanism:Leadscrewandpneumaticsystem.Worktable:Supportsandsecuresthemeasuredworkpiece.Base:Providesastableandreliablefoundationfortheentiremeasurementsystem.1.2BasicComponentsoftheCoordinateMeasuringMachineTaskI:UnderstandingtheCoordinateMeasuringMachine(CMM)StructuralClassification:1.2BasicComponentsoftheCoordinateMeasuringMachineTaskI:UnderstandingtheCoordinateMeasuringMachine(CMM)（2）ControlSystemIncludes:operationhandle,controlcabinet,computerhardwarecomponents,etc.FunctionsoftheControlSystem:a)Controlsthemovementofthecoordinatemeasuringmachine;b)Collectsdataandprocessestheopticalscalereadings;c)Performserrorcompensati