2025年全國高考一卷英語真題

一、聽力選擇題

1．Whatwillthemandonext?

A．Unpackhissuitcase.

B．Boardaflight.

C．Filloutaform.

【答案】C

【解析】M:Excuseme,IjustarrivedontheflightfromMelbourne,andmysuitcaseismissing.

W:We’reverysorry,sir.Couldyouputdownyourinformationinthisform?We’lldoeverythingwecantofindyour

suitcase.

M:Okay.

2．WhatdoesSarahplantodoaftergraduation?

A．Dovolunteerwork.

B．Pursueahigherdegree.

C．Runthefamilybusiness.

【答案】A

【解析】M:Haveyoutalkedoveryourfutureplanwithyourparents,Sarah?

W:Well,myparentswouldlikemetodomymaster’saftergraduation.ButI’mthinkingofvolunteeringasasocialworker

forayear.

M:Goodforyou.

3．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A．Buyingacar.

B．Movinghouse.

C．Fixingthewindow.

【答案】B

【解析】W:Wereallyneedtomove,Steve.Somanycarsgobyeverydayandnosuncomesthroughthewindows.

M:Yeah,thishouseiskindofold.Whatdoyouhaveinmind?

W:Maybeweshouldhavealookinthesuburbs.

4．Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheskiarea?

A．It’sabitcrowded.

B．Ithaspoorsnow.

C．It’stoofaraway.

【答案】A

【解析】M:Doyouoftenskihere?

W:No,thisismyfirsttime.

M:Sohowdoyoulikeitsofar?

W:Thesnowisbrilliant.Itwouldbebetteriftherewerefewerpeople.

5．Wherearethespeakersheading?

A．TheArtCentre.

B．TheGrandTheatre.

C．TheStoneBridge.

【答案】B

【解析】W:Nowwe’vecrossedtheStoneBridge,turnrightagain.Look!Here’stheArtCenter.TheGrandTheatreistwo

blocksaway.

M:Nearlythere.Wewon’tbelatethen.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。

6．Whatdidthewomando?

A．Shewentoverthespeedlimit.

B．Sheparkedinaschoolzone.

C．Shedrovethrougharedlight.

7．WhattimedoesschoolfinishonWednesdays?

A．At2:00pm.B．At2:30pm.C．At3:30pm.

【答案】6．A7．A

【解析】M:Miss,I’llneedtoseeyourdriver’slicense.

W:WasIdoingsomethingwrong?

M:You’redrivinginaschoolzonearoundthetimeschoolletsout.Thespeedlimitis15milesanhour,andyouweregoing

35.

W:Butit’sonly2:10pm.Thestudentsaren’tdismisseduntil3:30.

M:TodayisWednesday.StudentsaredismissedanhourandahalfearlieronWednesdays.

W:Oh,no,you’reright.Ijustforgotthat.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。

8．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A．Fellowworkers.

B．Formerschoolmates.

C．Familyrelatives.

9．WhowillGracehavedinnerwith?

A．Fiona.B．Jennifer.C．David.

10．WhatisKevingoingtodonext?

A．Buyadrink.B．Playbasketball.C．Greetafriend.

【答案】8．B9．C10．C

【解析】M:Hi,Grace.Haven’tseenyouforsometime!

W:Oh,Kevin.Nicetoseeyou.Areyoualsoherefordinner?

M:Yes.MycousinFionaisintown,andthisisherfavoritesteakhouse.Youmetherlastyear,right?

W:Yes,atJennifer’swedding.

M:Right.Look,areyouherealone?Wouldyouliketojoinus?

W:That’sveryniceofyou,butI’mmeetingDavidandsomeotherfriendsfordinner.YourememberDavidfromClass

Two?

M:Ofcourse.Hewasthecaptainofourschool’sbasketballteam.Ihaven’tseenhimsincegraduation.

W:Heworkedabroadfor3yearsandhasjustcomeback.

M:Well,I’llgoandsayaquickhello.Wedefinitelyshouldgettogethersometimeandhaveadrink.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。

11．Whatdoesthewomansayaboutnewsprograms?

A．Theyarereplacedbydocumentaries.

B．Theyhavebeenreducedinnumber.

C．Theyfocusonthelifeofcelebrities.

12．Whatistheman’sattitudetowardrealityshows?

A．Favorable.B．Critical.C．Uncertain.

13．WhatdoesthewomanexpectTVprogramstobe?

A．Educational.B．Diverse.C．Entertaining.

【答案】11．B12．A13．A

【解析】W:There’snothingdecenttowatchthesedaysonTV.

M:Nothingdecent?There’stonsofstuff.

W:They’vecutdownonthenumberofnewsprograms,andthenumberofdocumentaries.Allhavebeenreplacedbythese

stupidrealityshowsandgameshows,youknow.

M:Well,theyoftenmakemelaugh.Peoplewanttowatchthatkindofthing.It’sgood,youknow,aslongasthere’sa

balance,there’sabitofthis,abitofthat.

W:Shouldwebegivingpeoplewhattheywanttowatch?Orshouldwebe,youknow,tryingtoeducatethem?

M:Well,TVisthereforentertainment.Ifyouwantaneducation,yougotouniversityorcollegeorsomething,don’tyou?

W:No.Ireallydon’tthinkso.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。

14．WhoisCathy?

A．Aschoolteacher.B．Aradiohost.C．Agovernmentofficial.

15．Whatcanthevisitingadultsdointheschool?

A．Givespeeches.B．Observeclasses.C．Organizeactivities.

16．Howcanthestudentsbenefitfromtheschoolprogram?

A．EarnextracreditsB．Findjobopportunities.C．Learnaboutadult’slife.

17．Whatisthegoaloftheschoolprogram?

A．Toimprovestudent-teacherrelationship.

B．Topromotetheideaofwork-lifebalance.

C．Toenhanceschool-communityinteraction.

【答案】14．B15．B16．C17．C

【解析】W:WelcometoEducationUpdate.ThisisKathy.WehaveRobertHallfromMountainsideHighSchoolwithus

today.Hello,Mr.Hall.Couldyoutellusabouttheserviceprograminyourschool?

M:Okay.Itgoeslikethis.Oncertaindayseachmonth,adultsfromtheneighborhoodsitinclasswiththestudentsandsee

what’sgoingonintheschool.

W:That’sinteresting.Whatelsecantheydo?

M:Theycanalsotakeadultcoursesintheeveningsforbothfunandseriouslearning.

W:Whataboutthestudents?Whatcantheydointheprogram?

M:Well,theycanchangeplaceswithadultsandgoworkingonafarmorinafactoryortakingcareofthehousework.

W:Good.Thishelpsthembetterunderstandthelivesoftheirparentsandknowmoreabouttheirneighborhood.

M:Yes.Studentshaveachancetoworkinhospitals,nursinghomes,libraries,andeveningovernmentoffices.

W:Sotheschoolisnotonlypartofthestudent’slives,butalsopartoftheneighborhood.

M:That’sexactlywhatourserviceprogramisfor.

W:Great.Thankyou,Mr.Hall.

聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。

18．Whereisthespeaker’scitylocated?

A．Bythelake.B．Onthecoast.C．IntheValley.

19．Whatdothenumbersonthesignsstandfor?

A．Thedurationofflooding.B．Theriseinairtemperature.C．Theheightabovesea

level.

20．Whatdoesthesuccessoftheprojectindicate?

A．Artcanmakeadifference.

B．Thehomeownersarecreative.

C．Climatechangeiscontrollable.

【答案】18．B19．C20．A

【解析】M:Goodevening.Tonight,I’llcontinuetosharehowwecanusearttospreadthewordaboutthechangingclimate.

Inourday-to-daylives,climatechangecanbehardtosee,butsomeplaceswillfeelthechangessoonerthanothers.Thecity

Iliveinisveryflatandclosetothewaterline.Andrisingsealevelsarealreadycreatingfloods.SoIdecidedtodo

somethingtomakeitimpossibletoignore.IstartedanartprojectcalledUnderwaterHomeownersAssociationandpainted

numbersontothousandsoflargesigns.Eachnumbershowedhowhighsomeone’shousewasabovesealevel.Aonewould

meanthatifthesealevelroseonefoot,thebuildingwouldflood.Igavethesignstohomeownerswhoputthemintheir

yards.Kidspaintedmoresignsandputthemneartheirschoolsandalongbusyroads.Theprojecthasalreadyhada

real-worldeffect.Thepeoplewhoputthesignsintheiryardscreatedarealhomeownersassociationtoaddressclimate

changeintheircommunities.

二、閱讀理解

Thegreeningofplanes,trainsandautomobiles

MovinggoodsandpeoplearoundtheworldisresponsibleforalargepartofglobalCO2emissions(排放).Asthe

worldracestodecarbonizeeverything,itfacesparticularproblemswithtransportation—whichaccountsforabouta

quarterofourenergy-relatedgreenhousegasemissions.Here’sthebreakdownoftheemissionsin2018fordifferentmodes

oftransport.

Thefuelsfortransportneedtobenotjustgreen,cheapandpowerful,butalsolightweightandsafeenoughtobe

carriedaround.Eachmodeoftransporthasitsspecificfuelneeds.Muchisstilltobesettled,butherearesomeofthe

solutionstogetusgoinggreen.

CARS—BatteriesBatteriesare

PLANES—SynthetichydrocarbonsThe

energy-efficientandelectriccarscanplug

hardestsectortodecarbonizeisaviation.One

intoexistingsystemsandservices.New

long-termoptionforsustainablefuelforplanes

solid-statebatterieswilltakeacarfartheron

istomakehydrocarbonsfromrecycledair.

asinglecharge.

TRUCKS—HydrogenfuelSHIPS—Liquid

TRAINS—ElectricitySome

cellsammoniaLiquidammoniais

trainsarealreadyelectrified

Hydrogenfuelcellsareaeasytokeepandtransport,

throughrailsorwires;others

lighterchoicethanbatteriesbutitishardtoignite(點燃)

canbemadeelectricinpretty

fortrucks,butmakinggreenandrequiresanengine

simpleways.

hydrogenisexpensive.redesign.

Thisenergytransition(變革)isglobal,andtheamountofrenewableenergytheworldwillneedis“alittlebit

mind-blowing,”saysmechanicalengineerKeithWipkeattheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory.It’sestimatedthatthe

globaldemandforelectricitycouldmorethandoubleby2050.Fortunately,analysessuggestthatrenewablesareuptothe

task.“Weneedtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergy,anditwillallgetused,”saysWipke.

21．Whatpercentageofglobaltransportemissionsdidroadvehiclesaccountforin2018?

A．11.6%.B．45.1%.C．74.5%.D．86.1%.

22．Whichmodeoftransportcangogreencomparativelyeasily?

A．Planes.B．Trucks.C．Trains.D．Ships.

23．WhatdoesWipkesuggestregardingenergytransition?

A．Limitingfuelconsumption.B．Puttingmoreeffortintorenewables.

C．Improvingenergyefficiency.D．Makingelectricitymoreaffordable.

【答案】21．C22．C23．B

【解析】21．根據(jù)圖表信息ROADVEHICLES部分中“ROAD(PASSENGER)45.1%(道路(客運)45.1%)”以及“ROAD

(GOODS)29.4%(道路(貨運)29.4%)”可知，道路車輛總占比為45.1%+29.4%=74.5%，即道路車輛在2018年全球交通

排放中占比74.5%。

故選C。

22．根據(jù)圖表信息TRAINS—Electricity部分中“Sometrainsarealreadyelectrifiedthroughrailsorwires;otherscanbe

madeelectricinprettysimpleways.(一些列車已經(jīng)通過軌道或電線實現(xiàn)了電氣化；其他火車可以通過非常簡單的方式

實現(xiàn)電動化)”可知，火車相較其他交通方式更易實現(xiàn)綠色化。

故選C。

23．根據(jù)最后一段中““Weneedtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergyanditwillallgetused,”saysWipke.(Wipke

說：“我們需要加速綠色能源的開發(fā)，而且這些能源都會被利用起來?！?”可知，Wipke建議加大對可再生能源的投

入，即加大對綠色能源的投入。

故選B。

Inmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,astrictfatherwhodemandedhisson

earnstraightA’s,andamodern-dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.More

thanonce,Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,who’dcreatedthesepeople,knewtheirsubjectssowell.

Butthingsweredifferentfortheirfirstessay,whichwasaboutthequestion:“Whyiswritingimportant?”Mostofthe

essaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfewcontainedasentencethatcouldbeinterpretedasathesis(論點)statement.Iwas

shocked.ThenIrealizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhavewrittenpagesonthenecessityof

computers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn’tstrikethemasimportant.Thiswouldhavetochange.

Asanewunitstarted,Iaskedeveryonetowriteapersuasivepieceonahealth-relatedtopicoftheirchoice.Thistime

theyfoundtheexercisemuchmoreinteresting.Forthenexttwoassignments,apersonal-narrativeunitfollowedbya

creative-writingworkshop,Ionlyrequiredthatthepiecemeetthespecificationsofitsgenre(體裁)andthatitcontaina

thesis.Theresultswerestaggering.Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,10to20pageseach,with

charactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.

Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansofcommunication.However,mystudents

demonstratedsomethingmoreimportanttome.WhenthefinalbellranginJune,Iwalkedawaywithayearbookfullof

messagesaboutwriting’smostpowerfulsignificance—theabilitytoconnectpeople,toputusinanother’sskin,toteachus

whatitmeanstobehuman.

24．Whoarethepeoplementionedatthebeginningofparagraph1?

A．Ninthgraders.B．Students’parents.

C．Modernwriters.D．Fictionalcharacters.

25．Whydidthestudentsperformpoorlyinwritingtheirfirstessay?

A．Theywerenotgivenenoughtime.B．Theyhadaverylimitedvocabulary.

C．Theymisunderstoodthequestion.D．Theyhadlittleinterestinthetopic.

26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“staggering”inparagraph3mean?

A．Mixed.B．Amazing.C．Similar.D．Disturbing.

27．Whatdoestheauthor’sexperienceshow?

A．Teachingislearning.B．Stillwatersrundeep.

C．Knowledgeispower.D．Practicemakesperfect.

【答案】24．D25．D26．B27．A

【解析】24．根據(jù)文章第一段中“Inmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,astrict

fatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightA’s,andamodern-dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedthe

loveofheryounglife.Morethanonce,Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,who’dcreatedthesepeople,knew

theirsubjectssowell.(去年，在我九年級的寫作課上，我結(jié)識了一位拯救了自己小鎮(zhèn)的牛仔、一位要求兒子門門功課

全得A的嚴厲父親，還有一位現(xiàn)代版的朱麗葉——她在父母拒絕其年少摯愛后心碎而逝。不止一次，我暗自琢磨，

這些塑造了這些人物的學生，究竟是如何如此深諳他們筆下的角色的)”可知，這里提到的牛仔、嚴厲的父親和現(xiàn)代

版的朱麗葉都是學生在寫作中創(chuàng)造出來的虛構(gòu)人物。

故選D。

25．根據(jù)文章第二段中“Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfewcontainedasentencethatcouldbeinterpreted

asathesis(論點)statement.Iwasshocked.ThenIrealizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhave

writtenpagesonthenecessityofcomputers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn’tstrikethemasimportant.(大多數(shù)文

章篇幅不足一頁，幾乎沒有包含可被視為論點的句子。我感到震驚。隨后我意識到問題出在題目本身。他們本可以

就電腦的必要性寫下數(shù)頁內(nèi)容，但寫作本身根本沒讓他們覺得重要)”可推知，學生們在寫第一篇作文時表現(xiàn)不佳，

是因為他們對寫作這個話題本身不感興趣。

故選D。

26．根據(jù)文章第三段中劃線詞下文“Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,10to20pageseach,with

charactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.(學生們選取了多樣的主題，交上來的故事每篇都有10到20

頁長，其中的人物拓寬了我的視野，也觸動了我的心)”可推知，此處指學生們寫出了內(nèi)容豐富、打動人心的故事，

與之前的表現(xiàn)形成強烈對比。劃線詞“staggering”意為“令人驚嘆的、驚人的”，與B選項“Amazing(驚人的)”語義一

致。

故選B。

27．通讀全文，再根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansof

communication.However,mystudentsdemonstratedsomethingmoreimportanttome.WhenthefinalbellranginJune,I

walkedawaywithayearbookfullofmessagesaboutwriting’smostpowerfulsignificance—theabilitytoconnectpeople,

toputusinanother’sskin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.(我走進教室時堅信寫作作為一種交流方式至關(guān)重要。

然而，學生們向我展示了更為重要的東西。當六月的下課鈴響起時，我?guī)е槐緷M是留言的年鑒離開——這些留言

訴說著寫作最強大的意義：它能連接人與人，讓我們換位思考，教會我們身為人類的真諦)”結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文

章通過作者的教學經(jīng)歷，說明她在教導學生的同時，自己也領悟到寫作的真正意義，這一過程體現(xiàn)了“教學相長”的

理念。選項A“Teachingislearning(教學相長)”符合文中描述的作者通過教學獲得的新認識。

故選A。

Whilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoourstreetsinrecentyears,transportstudiesalsoshowdeclines

inpedestrian(行人)mobility,especiallyamongyoungchildren.Manyparentssaythere’stoomuchtrafficontheroadsfor

theirchildrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.

DutchauthorsThaliaVerkadeandMarcoteBr?mmelstroetarebotheredbyfactslikethese.Intheirnewbook

Movement:HowtoTakeBackOurStreetsandTransformOurLives,theycallforarethinkofourstreetsandtherolethey

playinourlives.

Lifeoncitystreetsstartedtochangedecadesago.Wholeneighbourhoodsweredestroyedtomakewayfornewroad

networksandkidshadtoplayelsewhere.Somecommunitiesfoughtback.Mostfamously,aCanadianjournalistwhohad

movedherfamilytoManhattanintheearly1950sledacampaigntostopthedestructionofherlocalpark.Describingher

alarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway,JaneJacobscalledonhermayor(市長)tochampion“NewYorkasa

decentplacetolive,andnotjustrushthrough.”SimilarcampaignsoccurredinAustraliainthelate1960sand1970saswell.

Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,therealityisthatthemajorityofthewesterncitieswerecompletely

redesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar.Thenumberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly.InAustraliawenow

haveovertwentymillioncarsforjustovertwenty-sixmillionpeople,amongthehighestrateofcarownershipintheworld.

Weinvestalotinroadsthathelpusrushthrough,butwefailtoaccountforthetruecosts.Dowereallyrecognise

whatitcostsusasasocietywhenchildrencan’tmovesafelyaroundourcommunities?TheauthorsofMovementhaveit

right:it’stimetothinkdifferentlyaboutthatstreetoutsideyourfrontdoor.

28．Whatphenomenondoestheauthorpointoutinparagraph1?

A．Carsoftengetstuckontheroad.B．Trafficaccidentsoccurfrequently.

C．Peoplewalklessanddrivemore.D．Pedestriansfailtofollowtherules.

29．WhatweretheCanadianjournalistandothercampaignerstryingtodo?

A．Keeptheircitieslivable.B．Promoteculturaldiversity.

C．Helptheneedyfamilies.D．Makeexpresswaysaccessible.

30．WhatcanbeinferredaboutthecampaignsinAustraliainthelate1960sand1970s?

A．Theyboostedthesalesofcars.B．Theyturnedoutlargelyineffective.

C．Theywongovernmentsupport.D．Theyadvocatedbuildingnewparks.

31．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A．WhytheRush?B．What’sNext?

C．WheretoStay?D．WhotoBlame?

【答案】28．C29．A30．B31．A

【解析】28．根據(jù)文章第一段“Whilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoourstreetsinrecentyears,transport

studiesalsoshowdeclinesinpedestrian(行人)mobility,especiallyamongyoungchildren.Manyparentssaythere’stoo

muchtrafficontheroadsfortheirchildrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.(雖然近年來我

們的街道可能已經(jīng)改善了安全性，但交通研究也表明行人的流動性下降，尤其是年輕兒童。許多家長說，路上的交

通太擁擠，他們的孩子無法安全步行上學，所以他們把孩子塞進車里)”可知，作者指出的現(xiàn)象是人們步行減少、開

車增多。

故選C。

29．根據(jù)文章第三段“Mostfamously,aCanadianjournalistwhohadmovedherfamilytoManhattanintheearly1950sled

acampaigntostopthedestructionofherlocalpark.Describingheralarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway,

JaneJacobscalledonhermayor(市長)tochampion“NewYorkasadecentplacetolive,andnotjustrushthrough.”(最著

名的是，一位加拿大記者在20世紀50年代初舉家遷往曼哈頓，她領導了一場阻止當?shù)毓珗@被毀的運動。在描述她

對用高速公路取代公園的提議感到震驚時，JaneJacobs呼吁她的市長捍衛(wèi)“紐約作為適宜居住的地方，而不僅是匆

匆穿過的通道”)”可推知，加拿大記者和其他運動參與者旨在保持城市宜居性。

故選A。

30．根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,therealityisthatthemajorityofthewesterncities

werecompletelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar.Thenumberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly.(盡

管這些運動很普遍，但現(xiàn)實是大多數(shù)西方城市完全圍繞汽車需求重新設計。道路上的汽車數(shù)量一直在迅速增加)”可

推知，20世紀60年代末和70年代澳大利亞的競選活動未能阻止汽車發(fā)展，基本上沒有效果。

故選B。

31．通讀全文，并根據(jù)文章最后一段“Weinvestalotinroadsthathelpusrushthrough,butwefailtoaccountforthetrue

costs.Dowereallyrecognisewhatitcostsusasasocietywhenchildrencan’tmovesafelyaroundourcommunities?(我們

在幫助我們快速通過的道路上投入了大量資金，但我們沒有考慮到真正的成本。我們真的認識到當孩子們不能在我

們的社區(qū)安全地移動時，我們作為一個社會將會付出什么代價嗎)”可推知，本文批判城市過度追求交通效率、忽視

行人需求的現(xiàn)象，A項“WhytheRush?(為何匆匆？)”質(zhì)問“rushthrough(匆匆通行)”的規(guī)劃理念，契合主旨。

故選A。

MicroplasticshavebecomeacommonsourceofpollutionacrosstheEarth—theyhavesettledinthedeepseaandon

theHimalayas,stuckinsidevolcanicrocks,filledthestomachsofseabirdsandevenfalleninfreshAntarcticsnow.Theyare

evenappearinginsidehumans.

Now,newresearchsuggeststhatasimple,cheapmeasuremaysignificantlyreducethelevelofmicroplasticsinwater

fromyourtap(水龍頭):boilingandfiltering(過濾)it.InastudypublishedWednesdayinEnvironmentalScience&

TechnologyLetters,researchersfromChinafoundthatboilingtapwaterforjustfiveminutes—thenfilteringitafteritcools

—couldremoveatleast80percentofitsmicroplastics.

Crucially,thisprocessreliesonthewatercontainingenoughcalciumcarbonate(碳酸鈣)totraptheplastics.Inthe

study,boilinghardwatercontaining300milligramsofcalciumcarbonateledtoanalmost90percentdropinplastics.Butin

sampleswithlessthan60milligramsofcalciumcarbonate,boilingreducedthelevelofplasticsbyjust25percent.

Additionally,theresearchdidn’tincludealltypesofplastics.Theteamfocusedonlyonthreecommontypes—polystyrene,

polyethyleneandpolypropylene—andtheydidn’tstudyotherchemicalspreviouslyfoundinwatersuchasvinylchloride.

Still,thefindingsshowapotentialpathforwardforreducingmicroplasticexposure—ataskthat’sbecoming

increasinglydifficult.Evenbottledwater,scientistsfoundearlierthisyear,contains10to1,000timesmoremicroplastics

thanoriginallythought.

Scientistsarestilltryingtodeterminehowharmfulmicroplasticsare—butwhattheydoknowhasraisedconcerns.

Thenewstudysuggestsboilingtapwatercouldbeatooltolimitintake.“Thewaytheydemonstratedhowmicroplastics

weretrappedthroughtheboilingprocesswasnice,”CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay,anenvironmentalengineerofthe

UniversityofGlasgowinScotlandwhowasnotinvolvedintheresearch,tellsNewScientist.“Weshouldbelookinginto

upgradingdrinkingwatertreatmentplantssotheyremovemicroplastics.”

32．Howdoestheauthorpresenttheissueinthefirstparagraph?

A．Byquotinganexpert.B．Bydefiningaconcept.

C．Bygivingexamples.D．Byprovidingstatistics.

33．Whatdeterminestheeffectivenessoftrappingmicroplasticsinwater?

A．Thehardnessofwater.B．Thelengthofcoolingtime.

C．Thefrequencyoffiltering.D．Thetypeofplasticinwater.

34．Whatdoestheauthortrytoillustratebymentioningbottledwaterinparagraph4?

A．Theimportanceofplasticrecycling.B．Theseverityofthemicroplasticproblem.

C．Thedangerinoverusingpurewater.D．Thedifficultyintreatingpollutedwater.

35．WhatisGauchotte-Lindsay’ssuggestionabout?

A．Choiceofnewresearchmethods.B．Possibledirectionforfurtherstudy.

C．Needtoinvolvemoreresearchers.D．Potentialapplicationofthefindings.

【答案】32．C33．A34．B35．D

【解析】32．根據(jù)文章第一段中“MicroplasticshavebecomeacommonsourceofpollutionacrosstheEarth—theyhave

settledinthedeepseaandontheHimalayas,stuckinsidevolcanicrocks,filledthestomachsofseabirdsandevenfallenin

freshAntarcticsnow.Theyareevenappearinginsidehumans.(微塑料已經(jīng)成為地球上常見的污染源——它們出現(xiàn)在在

深海和喜馬拉雅山上，被困在火山巖中，填滿海鳥的胃，甚至落在南極的新雪中。它們甚至出現(xiàn)了在人類體內(nèi))”可

推知，作者通過舉例提出微塑料污染的問題。

故選C。

33．根據(jù)文章第二段中“Crucially,thisprocessreliesonthewatercontainingenoughcalciumcarbonate(碳酸鈣)totrapthe

plastics.Inthestudy,boilinghardwatercontaining300milligramsofcalciumcarbonateledtoanalmost90percentdropin

plastics.Butinsampleswithlessthan60milligramsofcalciumcarbonate,boilingreducedthelevelofplasticsbyjust25

percent.(至關(guān)重要的是，這一過程依賴于含有足夠碳酸鈣的水來截留塑料。在這項研究中，將含有300毫克碳酸鈣

的硬水煮沸后，塑料含量下降了近90%。但在碳酸鈣含量低于60毫克的樣品中，煮沸只降低了25%的塑料含量)”

可知，決定在水中截留微塑料的有效性的是水的硬度。

故選A。

34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“Still,thefindingsshowapotentialpathforwardforreducingmicroplasticexposure

—ataskthat’sbecomingincreasinglydiffcult.Evenbottledwater,scientistsfoundearlierthisyear,contains10to1,000

timesmoremicroplasticsthanoriginallythought.(盡管如此，研究結(jié)果顯示了減少微塑料接觸的潛在途徑——這一任務

正變得越來越困難。今年早些時候，科學家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使是瓶裝水，其微塑料含量也比原先想象的高出10到1000

倍。)”可推斷，作者提到瓶裝水是為了說明微塑料污染的嚴重性。

故選B。

35．根據(jù)文章最后一段中““Thewaytheydemonstratedhowmicroplasticsweretrappedthroughtheboilingprocesswas

nice,”CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay,anenvironmentalengineeroftheUniversityofGlasgowinScotlandwhowasnot

involvedintheresearch,tellsNewScientist.“Weshouldbelookingintoupgradingdrinkingwatertreatmentplantssothey

removemicroplastics.”(蘇格蘭格拉斯哥大學的環(huán)境工程師CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay沒有參與這項研究，她告訴《新

科學家》雜志：“他們展示微塑料如何在煮沸過程中被截留的方式很不錯。”“我們應該考慮升級飲用水處理廠，以便

它們能去除微塑料”)”可推知，CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay的建議是關(guān)于這項研究結(jié)果的潛在應用，即升級飲用水處

理廠。

故選D。

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