DiscoveringUsefulStructuresUnit04SpaceExplorationReview：我們學(xué)哪些成分或詞性做定語？acleverboyswimmingpoolpollutedwater一個聰明的男孩游泳池被污染的水形容詞doingdoneHehasasonwhoworksasateacher.他有一個做老師的兒子定語從句Ihaveawishtogotouniversity我有一個上大學(xué)的愿望不定式作定語不定式作定語1.

Ihavenodesiretowrite.2.

TheSmithswerethefirsttoarrive.3.Therewasnothingtobedone.句子成分用法不定式在句中中作___________1.可修飾：2.多置于被修飾詞___________3.多表示_____________的動作。定語名詞或者代詞之后作后置定語將來的只能用動詞不定式做定語的情況例：1.Hewasthefirstonetothinkoftheidea.2.Youaretheonlypersontobelate.3.Themanageristhelasttocometothemeeting.1.當(dāng)修飾的名詞前有theonly,thenext,thebest,thefirst,thelast,以及由序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾的名詞常常用不定式作定語。例：1.Pleasemakeaneffort

tocatchthebus.2.Hemadeapromise

tocomehereontimetomorrow.2.當(dāng)修飾的名詞是ability,ambition,attempt,chance,courage,desire,decision,effort,failure,moment,promise,right,time,wish…（一些表示企圖、努力、愿望、打算、能力

等意義的名詞）(1)OurEnglishteacherhasmanyways_____________(make)herclassinteresting.(2)Hehasalotofwork___________(do)everyweekend.(3)Theyarelookingforaroom______________(live).(4)Ihavenochance__________(go)sightseeingwithsomuchworktodo.(5)Theairport____________________(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.

tomaketodotoliveintogotobecompletedsummaryattribute定語todo1.放在被修飾名詞后面,常表示將要發(fā)生的動作；

2.普通名詞被序數(shù)詞、最高級、theonly、thenext等修飾時；3.抽象名詞后：dream,desire，opportunity

......4.被修飾詞為不定代詞：something,nothing,anything等summary不定式結(jié)構(gòu)可以作狀語，修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞等，表示目的、結(jié)果、原因等。Theyranovertowelcomethedelegates.Todrawmapsproperly,youneedaspecialpen.HecamehereinordertoseeCharlie.Wouldyoubesokindastolendmeyourbicycle?Hegottothestationonlytobetoldthetrainhadgone.Shewepttohearthenews.目的目的目的結(jié)果結(jié)果原因不定式

作狀語不定式作狀語1.Yesterday,Iwenttoseeheronly

tolearnthatshehadgoneabroadaweekbefore.2.Thetravelerlookedupsuddenly

tofindaleopardinthetree.3.WhathaveIsaidtomakeyousoexcited?

句子成分用法不定式在句中作______________1.意義：常表示

結(jié)果2.常見結(jié)構(gòu)有：結(jié)果狀語出乎意料enoughtodo…,so…astodo…,such…astodo..,onlytodo…,too…to…3.常與learn,find,see,hear等動詞連用。1.Sheisproudtohavewon

thefirstplace.2.Heisgladtobeinvitedtothemeeting.句子成分用法不定式在句中作______________常見結(jié)構(gòu)有：常用于sb.

+be+adj.

+todo結(jié)構(gòu)中，形容詞(表示情緒或心理活動的詞如：anxious,excited,glad,disappointed等）作表語時,后可接不定式作原因狀語,用以說明產(chǎn)生這種情緒的原因；形容詞（cheap,difficult,important等）作表語時同上原因狀語不定式作狀語不定式作狀語1.Tolearnalanguagewell,youmustmakeefforts.2.Heranfastallthewaysoastocatchthefirstbus.3.Inordertopasstheexam,heworkedhardtillmidnight.句子成分用法不定式在句中作______________1.位置：________________2.常見結(jié)構(gòu)有：目的狀語可位于句首或者句末inorderto和

soasto,但soasto不可位于句首多用來修飾動詞、形容詞和副詞Hecame_____________(show)mehisnewsciencebook.Thedoctorsarebusydoingwhattheycan_____________(save)thedyingman.Theoldmanwastooangry_____________(say)aword.HehurriedtothestationtoseeTomoff,only__________(find)hehadalreadyleft.Wearedelighted___________(know)thatyou’regoingtovisitusnextmonth.toshowtosavetosaytofindtoknowinfinitivesasadverbialExercise:summaryadverbial狀語todo目的狀語:原因狀語:結(jié)果狀語:sb＋be＋adj.＋todo...todo,inordertodo，soastodo

enoughtodo，too...todo...，so/such...astodoonlytodo動詞不定式的時態(tài)和語態(tài)

語態(tài)時態(tài)

主動形式被動形式一般式todo完成式否定形式tobedonetohavedonetohavebeendonenottodonottobedone讀例句并歸納Myfatherhasdecidedto

cut

outsmoking．Themeetingto

be

heldtomorrowisofgreatimportance．I'mverysorryto

have

keptyousittingarounddoingnothing．I'mhappynottomakefriendswithhim.1.Themeetingtobeheld

tomorrowisofgreatimportance.2.I’mverysorrytohavekept

youwaitingforme.3.Thelittleboypretendedtobereading

thebookswhenhisteacherenteredtheclassroom.4.Heworkedhardinordernottofail

intheexamagain.tobedone:不定式的被動形式tohavedone:表示動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前tobedoing:表示動作正在進(jìn)行nottodo:不定式的否定形式Summarizetheusagesofinfinitivesastheattributeortheadverbial.adverbial狀語attribute定語todo目的狀語:結(jié)果狀語:enoughto

(足夠做...),too...to(太...而不能),so/such...asto

(如此...以至于)多修飾名詞常作后置定語往往表示尚未發(fā)生的動作普通名詞常被序數(shù)詞、最高級修飾抽象名詞常有：dream,desire,chance,hope,promise,idea,fact,way...todo,inorderto

(可句首句中),soasto

(只能句中)forms1一般式2進(jìn)行式3完成式原因狀語:sb＋be＋adj.＋todo...Sendingpeopletootherplanetsorevenbeyondthesolarsystemisnotaneasygoal_____________(achieve).

One

of

the

problemsisthatthetripwouldtakeaverylongtime.Forexample,____________(use)currenttechnology,itwouldtakeovertwoyears___________(get)totheclosestplanet,Mars,andback.Althoughlightisthefastestthing_____________(know)intheuniverse,itcouldtakemorethanfouryearstoreachtheneareststarsystem.toachieveusingtogetknownCompletethepassagewiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.Willscientistsfigureoutaway_____________(store)sufficientfoodandwaterforthelongjourney?Isitpossibletotravelfasterthanlight?Nooneknowstheansweryet.However,spacescientistsnevergiveup.Theyareexperimentingwithgrowingcropsinspacesoas____________(help)astronautsgetenoughfoodonlongerjourneysthroughspace.tostoretohelpCompletethepassagewiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.4.Astronauts’bonesandmusclescangetveryweakinspaceduetothelackofgravity,sotheyneedtoexerciseeveryday,whichwillhelpthemstayhealthy.=Astronauts’bonesandmusclescangetveryweakinspaceduetothelackofgravity,sotheyneedtoexerciseeveryday__________________________________.to/inorderto/soastostayhealthyRewritethesentencesusinginfinitivesor“inorderto/soasto+do”.Changetheitalicizedpartsaccordingly.5.Astronautshavetousetapetostic