2025年全國普通高考模擬考試英語試題注意事項：2025.051.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Askmorequestionsinclass.B.Takemorelessonsafterschool.C.Getmorefamiliarwiththetextbook.2.WhathappenedtoBen?A.Hehadaheadache.B.Hiscarbrokedown.C.Histemperaturerosequickly.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theman’slivingexperiencesinAfrica.B.TheirfeelingsaboutAfricanfood.C.Somewaysoftravelingaround.4.Whydidthemantalktothewoman?A.Tofindaroommate.B.Toseeksomeadvice.C.Togetacontractsigned.5.Wherearethespeakers?A.Ataconcerthall.B.Inacar.C.Atamusicstudio.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Howcanthewomansignupforthecourse?A.Bymakingarequestonline.B.Byvisitingthearthallinperson.C.Bygoingtotheartmunityoffice.7.Whatwillthespeakersdoattheendofthecourse?A.Donatetheirpictures.B.Selltheirdrawings.C.Showtheirworks.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Takechargeofaproject.B.Gathermorevolunteers.C.Doapresentationtothepublic.9.Whoistheman?A.Amitteemember.B.Avolunteer.C.Aboardmember.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Interviewerandinterviewee.B.Managerandemployee.C.Coworkers.11.Howmuchprofitcanthemanearnasasaleschampion?A.10%.B.11.5%.C.15%.12.Howwillthemangettheresult?A.Throughthewebsite.B.Inperson.C.Byemail.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。13.Whendoesthemanusuallyleaveforworkeverymorning?A.At7:00.B.At9:00.C.At11:00.14.Whydoesthewomanalwayssleepin?A.Shedoesn’twork.B.Shesetsherownschedule.C.Sheneedsmoresleepthanmostpeople.15.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Exchangetheirjobs.B.Gotobedat11pm.C.Tryhisscheduleforaweek.16.Wherewillthespeakersgotoday?A.Tothemountain.B.Tothecinema.C.Totheoffice.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.What’sthespeaker’shomecountry?A.TheU.S.B.Singapore.C.Cambodia.18.Whenwasthespeakeradopted?A.Whenhewasborn.B.Whenhewasachild.C.Whenhewasateenager.19.Howdoesthespeakerfeelnow?A.Hopeless.B.Nervous.C.Grateful.20.Whichplacewillthespeakerdonatemoneyto?A.Ahomefortheelderly.B.AschoolinSingapore.C.Awelfarehomeforkids.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中選出最佳選項。ABestmusicalsinLondonHere,atYours,wehaveputtogetheralistofthebestmusicalsthatweknowyou’lllove.Fromlongrunningmusicalstosomenewerhits,wehaveitcovered.GetreadytohittheWestEndwiththishandyguide.WickedWickedhasbeenahitinLondonforaround18years.Withmusicandlyrics(歌詞)byStephenSchwartzandbasedontheseriesworkbyL.FrankBaum,WickedtellsthestoryofElphabaandrevealsthedestiniesoftwounlikelyfriendsbeingGlindaTheGoodandtheWickedWitchoftheWest.●ApolloVictoriaTheatre●BookingthroughDecember2024●Startingfrom￡28MatildaTheMusicalInspiredbyRoaldDahl’sbook,MatildaTheMusicalisafascinatingmasterpiecefromtheRoyalShakespearepany.Matilda,feelingaloneandmisunderstood,discoversaveryuniqueabilityanddecidestoteachgrownupsalesson.Winnerofover99internationalawards,including24forBestMusical,MatildaTheMusicalcontinuestodelightaudiencesofallages.●CambridgeTheatre●BookinguntilMay2025●Startingfrom￡25LesMisérablesIfyoulovefilm,thentheshow,stillgoingstrongattheSondheimTheatreaftermorethan30years,isrightupyourstreet.ThestoryfollowsJeanValjeanasheattemptstorebuildhislifeafterbeingreleasedfromprison.●SondheimTheatre●BookinguntilSeptember2024●Startingfrom￡31Tina—TheTinaTurnerMusicalThemusicalperfectlyrepresentsthelifeofPopstarTinaTurner,knownforlegendaryhitslike“AFoolinLove”andshehaswonatotalof11GrammyAwardsandhasbeeninducted(入選)intotheRockandRollHallofFame.●AldwychTheatre●BookingthroughJanuary2025●Startingfrom￡131.WhatdoWickedandLesMisérableshaveinmon?A.Theyarebothoriginalworks.B.Theyarebothbasedonmovies.C.Theyarebothlongrunningmusicals.D.Theyarebothaboutastrongfemaleleadcharacter.2.WhyisMatildacalleda“fascinatingmasterpiece”?A.Ithaswonnumerousinternationalhonors.B.ItdrawsfromabelovedbookbyRoaldDahl.C.ItfeaturesmusicandlyricsbyStephenSchwartz.D.Itdescribesayounggirl’sjourneytobeingapopstar.3.WhatcanweknowaboutTina?A.Itbuildsonareallifestory.B.Ithaswon11GrammyAwards.C.It’sreservedfromJanuary2025.D.Itsticketpricesrangefrom$50to$150.【答案】1.C2.A3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了倫敦四部最佳音樂劇及其相關(guān)背景、演出劇院、預(yù)訂時間和票價等信息，旨在推薦這些音樂劇?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Wicked”部分的“WickedhasbeenahitinLondonforaround18years.(《魔法壞女巫》在倫敦風(fēng)靡了大約18年)”以及“LesMisérables”部分的“Ifyoulovefilm,thentheshow,stillgoingstrongattheSondheimTheatreaftermorethan30years,isrightupyourstreet.(如果你熱愛電影，那么這部在桑德海姆劇院上演了30多年仍熱度不減的演出，絕對合你的口味)”可知，《魔法壞女巫》和《悲慘世界》的相同點是，都是長期上演的音樂劇。故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“MatildaTheMusical”部分的“Winnerofover99internationalawards,including24forBestMusical,MatildaTheMusicalcontinuestodelightaudiencesofallages.(《瑪?shù)贍栠_》音樂劇榮獲99項國際大獎，其中包括24個最佳音樂劇獎，持續(xù)為各個年齡段的觀眾帶來歡樂)”可知，正因《瑪?shù)贍栠_》音樂劇獲得眾多國際榮譽，才被稱為“迷人的杰作”。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Tina—TheTinaTurnerMusical”部分的“ThemusicalperfectlyrepresentsthelifeofPopstarTinaTurner(這部音樂劇完美地展現(xiàn)了流行歌星蒂娜?特納的一生)”可知，《蒂娜——蒂娜?特納音樂劇》是基于流行歌星蒂娜?特納的真實生活故事創(chuàng)作的。故選A項。BCaiado.Edueemany17yearoldswhocanlistasmanyacplishmentsasEduardoCaiado.Eduashelikestobecalled,livesinAndolils,Brazil.He’salwaysbeendriventohelpothers.Infact,whenhewasjust15,hewasnamedoneofthe50YoungInspirersoftheUnitedNationsforhisprojectonreusingrainwatertoprovidedrinkingwaterinavillage.Healsoboughtgiftsfor52peoplelivinginalocalnursinghome,usinghisownmoney.ThesearealltotallynaturalforEdu,whosaidhe’sbeenactivelytryingtohelpothersformostofhislife.Butrightnowhecentersonsavingstrayanimals.Sincehewas9,he’sdreamedofthedayhecouldopenashelterforthemanyforgottenpetshe’sseen.Lessthantenyearslater,hemadethatdreamarealitybystartingtheEduPacocaInstitute!“TheplacewhereIliveiscold,andmanystraydogsweredyingofextremecold,”hesaid.TheEduPacocaInstitutedependsondonationstohelptheseanimalsinneed.First,Edurentedahouse;now,he’susingthemoneytocoverfoodandtheirexpenses.“Iwanttheseanimalstoknowthateveniftheydon’thaveowners,theywillbewithmeuntiltheygrowoldanddie,”hesaid.Afteryearsoffeedinganimalsonthestreets,Eduunderstandsthatwhilethey’renothuman,animalshavefeelingsoftheirown.Eachhastheirownhabits,personality,andpreferences,and.Edulovesgettingtoknowthem.He’salreadygivenabout30dogsandcatsahome,andthenumberkeepsgrowingeveryday!Hismainregretisthathedoesn’thaveenoughroomormoneytotakeineverystrayanimal.“TheInstituteisadream,butatthesametimeagreatchallenge,”hesaid.“Butithasbeensogoodtosleepeverydayknowingthateveryoneiswarmandsafe.”4.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A.Byprovidingone’sfamilybackground. B.Bymakingsomesurvey.C.Bylistingone’samazingachievements. D.Byputtingforwardaconcept.5.WhatinspiredEdutostarttheEduPacocaInstitute?A.Hisinnerquality. B.Thedesireforfame.C.Hisskillwithanimals. D.Theexperienceinchildhood.6.WhatisthebiggesttroubletoEdu?A.Lackofenoughsupport. B.Poorphysicalconditions.C.Muchpressurefromhisfamily. D.Toomuchtimetoputinto.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest. B.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C.Nothingisimpossibletoakindheart. D.Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.【答案】4.C5.A6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了17歲的巴西少年一直努力幫助他人，并實現(xiàn)了自己為流浪狗開設(shè)收容所的夢想。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Wedon’tseemany17yearoldswhocanlistasmanyacplishmentsasEduardoCaiado.(我們沒有看到很多17歲的孩子能像EduardoCaiado那樣列出那么多的成就)”和“Infact,whenhewasjust15,hewasnamedoneofthe50YoungInspirersoftheUnitedNationsforhisprojectonreusingrainwatertoprovidedrinkingwaterinavillage.Healsoboughtgiftsfor52peoplelivinginalocalnursinghome,usinghisownmoney.(事實上，當(dāng)他只有15歲的時候，他就被提名為聯(lián)合國50位青年激勵者之一，因為他的項目是在一個村莊重新利用雨水提供飲用水。他還用自己的錢給當(dāng)?shù)匾患茵B(yǎng)老院的52名老人買了禮物)”可知，作者通過介紹EduardoCaiado令人驚奇的成就來引出話題，故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“ThesearealltotallynaturalforEdu,whosaidhe’sbeenactivelytryingtohelpothersformostofhislife.Butrightnowhecentersonsavingstrayanimals.Sincehewas9,he’sdreamedofthedayhecouldopenashelterforthemanyforgottenpetshe’sseen.Lessthantenyearslater,hemadethatdreamarealitybystartingtheEduPacocaInstitute!(這些對Edu來說都是很自然的，他說他一生中大部分時間都在積極地幫助別人。但現(xiàn)在他專注于拯救流浪動物。從9歲起，他就夢想著有一天他可以為許多他見過的被遺忘的寵物開一個收容所。不到十年后，他就通過創(chuàng)建EduPacocaInstitute實現(xiàn)了這個夢想！)”可知，對Edu來說幫助別人是自然而然的，他9歲時就夢想著為被遺忘的寵物開一個收容所，所以創(chuàng)辦了EduPacocaInstitute，由此可推知他創(chuàng)辦EduPacocaInstitute是出于內(nèi)在的善良品質(zhì)，故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Hismainregretisthathedoesn’thaveenoughroomormoneytotakeineverystrayanimal.(他最大的遺憾是他沒有足夠的空間和錢來收留每一只流浪動物)”可知，Edu最大的麻煩是沒有足夠的空間和錢來收留每一只流浪動物，即缺少足夠的支持，故選A。7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第二段中“ThesearealltotallynaturalforEdu,whosaidhe’sbeenactivelytryingtohelpothersformostofhislife.Butrightnowhecentersonsavingstrayanimals.Sincehewas9,he’sdreamedofthedayhecouldopenashelterforthemanyforgottenpetshe’sseen.Lessthantenyearslater,hemadethatdreamarealitybystartingtheEduPacocaInstitute!(這些對Edu來說都是很自然的，他說他一生中大部分時間都在積極地幫助別人。但現(xiàn)在他專注于拯救流浪動物。從9歲起，他就夢想著有一天他可以為許多他見過的被遺棄的寵物開一個收容所。不到十年后，他就通過創(chuàng)建EduPacocaInstitute實現(xiàn)了這個夢想！)”可知，文章主要介紹了17歲的巴西少年一直努力幫助他人，并實現(xiàn)了自己為流浪狗開設(shè)收容所的夢想，由此推知只要懷有一顆善良的心，沒有什么是不可能的，故選C。CEveryyear,tensofthousandsofpeoplearoundtheworldapplyforresearchjobsarmedwithpostgraduatequalificationsandspecializedknowledge,onlyfortheircarefullycraftedapplicationstoseeminglydisappearintoadigitalblank.Atthesametime,recruiters(招聘者)reportthattheyareunabletofindappropriatecandidatesforopenpositions.Onekeycauseofthismismatchistheperceptionthatsomeonewithsciencequalificationsisfullyqualifiedforresearchwork.Therealityisthat,often,aPhDorafirstpostdoctoralpostiscorrespondingtoanentrylevelqualification,withtheholderneedingfurtheradvice,guidance,mentoringandexperiencebeforetheycanworkindependently.Shiftinggenerationalprioritiesalsoplayapart.Forexample,mostcurrentearlycareerscientistsaremillennials(千禧一代),bornbetweentheearly1980sandmid1990s.Theyareoftendigitallyskilledandbringwiththemstrongcooperationnatureandadesiretoseetheirworkhavesocietalimpact.Theyalsotendtovalueworklifebalanceandcareerflexibility,whichmightnotalwayssquarewiththeprioritiesofthescientistsinterviewingthemforjobs.Meanwhile,employersreportthatcandidatesoftenlackcreativethinking,problemsolvingandmunicationskillsandqualitiessuchaspersistence,passionanddetermination.Addressingthesechallengesrequiresamultifacetedapproach.UniversitiesandotherresearchtraininginstitutionscandomoretoexpandthefocusofPhDtrainingbeyondtheacademictrack.Thismeansprovidingadviceandguidanceaboutwhatcareerpathsandjobopportunitiesmightbeavailableforresearchersinpanies,thepublicsectorandnongovernmentalorganizations.Employersneedtoconsiderthebenefitsofstructuredtrainingforearlycareerresearchers,asawaytoboostcriticalthinkingandanalyticalskills.Thiscouldbedonebyreproducingthetrainingschemesmonlyusedbylargetechnology,consulting,financeandlegalfirms.Thepathforwardrequiresjobseekersandrecruiterstounderstandeachotherbetter.Candidateswouldbenefitfromlearningwhyrecruitersaredissatisfiedwiththepetenceofapplicants.Institutions,fortheirpart,mustseethemselvesasarchitectsofscientificcareers.Thismeansacknowledgingthatprofessionalpreparationisn’tadistractionfromresearchexcellence—itisanessentialponentofit.8.Whydopostgraduatesfailtofindsatisfyingjobs?A.Inadequateacademicpreparation.B.Limitedjobinformationsources.C.Absenceofproperjobseekingskills.D.Misjudgmentofqualificationsuitability.9.Whichpriorityofmillennialsaffecttheirjobseeking?A.Highcooperationability. B.Emphasisondigitaltechuse.C.Pursuitofworklifebalance. D.Freedomformindandbody.10.WhattrainingshouldbegiventoPhDresearchers?A.Careerrelatedadvice. B.Generalskillbuilding.C.Financialmanagementtips. D.Academicfocusedguidance.11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Roleofinstitutionsinresearch. B.Importanceofskilldevelopment.C.Discontentofrecruiterswithapplicants. D.Significanceofunderstandingeachother.【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要探討了全球研究生學(xué)歷求職者與職位供需不匹配的原因以及解決方向?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Onekeycauseofthismismatchistheperceptionthatsomeonewithsciencequalificationsisfullyqualifiedforresearchwork.Therealityisthat,often,aPhDorafirstpostdoctoralpostiscorrespondingtoanentrylevelqualification,withtheholderneedingfurtheradvice,guidance,mentoringandexperiencebeforetheycanworkindependently.(造成這種不匹配的一個關(guān)鍵原因是人們認為具有科學(xué)資格的人完全有資格從事研究工作?，F(xiàn)實情況是，通常，博士或第一個博士后職位相當(dāng)于入門級資格，持有者需要進一步的建議、指導(dǎo)、謀劃和經(jīng)驗，才能獨立工作。)”可知，研究生找不到滿意的工作是由于資質(zhì)與崗位需求的差距，人們認為具有科學(xué)資格的人完全有資格從事研究工作，但現(xiàn)實是博士學(xué)位或博士后學(xué)位被視為“入門資格”，仍需更多建議、指導(dǎo)、謀劃和經(jīng)驗，D項“資質(zhì)適合性判斷錯誤。”符合題意，故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theyalsotendtovalueworklifebalanceandcareerflexibility,whichmightnotalwayssquarewiththeprioritiesofthescientistsinterviewingthemforjobs.(他們還傾向于重視工作與生活的平衡和職業(yè)靈活性，這可能并不總是符合面試他們的科學(xué)家的優(yōu)先考慮。)”可知，追求工作和生活的平衡對“千禧一代”求職有影響，故選C?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“UniversitiesandotherresearchtraininginstitutionscandomoretoexpandthefocusofPhDtrainingbeyondtheacademictrack.Thismeansprovidingadviceandguidanceaboutwhatcareerpathsandjobopportunitiesmightbeavailableforresearchersinpanies,thepublicsectorandnongovernmentalorganizations.(大學(xué)和其他研究培訓(xùn)機構(gòu)可以做更多的工作，將博士培養(yǎng)的重點擴展到學(xué)術(shù)軌道之外。這意味著就公司、公共部門和非政府組織的研究人員可能獲得的職業(yè)道路和工作機會提供咨詢和指導(dǎo)。)”可知，大學(xué)需擴展博士培訓(xùn)范圍，提供學(xué)術(shù)職業(yè)指導(dǎo)，故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thepathforwardrequiresjobseekersandrecruiterstounderstandeachotherbetter.Candidateswouldbenefitfromlearningwhyrecruitersaredissatisfiedwiththepetenceofapplicants.Institutions,fortheirpart,mustseethemselvesasarchitectsofscientificcareers.Thismeansacknowledgingthatprofessionalpreparationisn’tadistractionfromresearchexcellence—itisanessentialponentofit.(前進的道路需要求職者和招聘人員更好地相互理解。求職者可以從了解為什么招聘人員對求職者的能力不滿意中受益。就科研機構(gòu)而言，它們必須把自己視為科學(xué)事業(yè)的建筑師。這意味著要承認專業(yè)的準(zhǔn)備工作不會干擾研究的卓越性——它是研究的重要組成部分。)”可知，本段主要講述求職者和招聘人員相互理解的重要性，故選D。DThereisamonsceneincrimeTVshows:Asuspectissweatingnervouslyasthedetectivesuseapolygraph(測謊儀)testtodecidewhetherthesuspectisinnocentorguilty.Thepolygraph,morepopularlycalled“l(fā)iedetector,”isdesignedtocatchpeopleinalie.Thepolygraphmeasuresthesweat,pulserate,andotherphysiological(生理的)factorsofthetestedperson.Inthisway,polygraphtestsareaccurateatmeasuringaperson’snervousexcitement.Whenapersonisundergoingapolygraphtest,theadministratorbeginsbyaskingtwotypesofcontrolquestions:questionswhichthepersonisexpectedtoanswertruthfullyandquestionswhichthepersonisexpectedtoanswerwithalie(oftentheadministratorwillaskthesubjecttowritedownanumberandthenask“Didyouwritel?”“Didyouwrite2?”tosolicitthedesiredresponses).Thisway,whentheadministratorasksmorerelevantquestionslateron,thesubject’sphysiologicalreactionsareparedwiththereactionstothecontrolquestionstodeterminewhetherthesubjectistellinglies.However,it’spossibleforpeopletoreactinanexcitedwaywhenansweringquestionstruthfully.Ifthecontrolquestionsdon’taccuratelyshowtheperson’sreaction,itisharderfortheadministratortodecidewhetherthepersonislyingwhenansweringrelevantquestions.So,whilethepolygraphmightbeeffectiveatmeasuringphysiologicalfactorsassociatedwithbeingnervous,thatdoesn’tnecessarilymeanitcanalwaysdistinguishapersonlyingfromapersontellingthetruth.Knowingit’spossibletoachieveinaccurateresultsofapolygraphtestmakesthepolygraphfairlyunreliableonitsown.Inaddition,thepolygraphmeasuresphysiologicalfactorsassociatednotjustwithlyingbutwithbeingnervous—amonfeelingonemightexperiencewhenbeinginterrogated(審問).Thatiswhyinrecentyearspoliceofficershaveturnedawayfromfullyrelyingonpolygraphtestsasdefinitiveproofofone’sinnocenceorguilt.Overall,it’simportanttoconsiderthechanceforerrorwhenexaminingtheresultsofpolygraphtests,butit’spossibletocatchapersonlying.12.Whatisthefunctionofthecontrolquestionsinpolygraphtests?A.Tosupplyguidanceforoperation.B.Toprovideabasisforparison.C.Todefinetheprimarygoalofevaluation.D.Toestablishaprocessformeasurement.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“solicit”meaninparagraph2?A.Seek. B.Analyze. C.bine. D.Control.14.Whatisthemainreasonforapolygraph’sineffectiveness?A.Testingproceduresfailtomeetstrictstandards.B.Administrators’petencefallsshortofadequacy.C.Nervoussystemresponsesvaryfrompersontoperson.D.Controlquestiondesignsdemonstratestructurallimitations.15.Whatcanwelearnaboutthepolygraphtestinthelastparagraph?A.Itdoesn’tcontainagrainoftruth.B.Itserrorratestaysatahighlevel.C.Ithasfallenintodisusenowadays.D.Itsresultsneedfurtherassessment.【答案】12B13.A14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章介紹了測謊儀，指出其結(jié)果可能不準(zhǔn)確并介紹了原因?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Whenapersonisundergoingapolygraphtest,theadministratorbeginsbyaskingtwotypesofcontrolquestions(當(dāng)一個人在接受測謊測試時，管理者首先會問兩種類型的控制問題)”和第三段“Thisway,whentheadministratorasksmorerelevantquestionslateron,thesubject’sphysiologicalreactionsareparedwiththereactionstothecontrolquestionstodeterminewhetherthesubjectistellinglies.(這樣，當(dāng)管理員隨后詢問更多相關(guān)問題時，受試者的生理反應(yīng)與對照問題的反應(yīng)進行比較，以確定受試者是否在說謊)”可知，使用測謊儀測量時問控制問題的作用是提供比較的基礎(chǔ)，故選B?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前“questionswhichthepersonisexpectedtoanswerwithalie(oftentheadministratorwillaskthesubjecttowritedownanumberandthenask‘Didyouwritel?’‘Didyouwrite2?’tosolicitthedesiredresponses).(另一種是希望被測者撒謊回答的問題(通常管理者會讓被測者寫下一個數(shù)字，然后問‘你寫了1嗎？’‘你寫了2嗎？’來solicit期望的反應(yīng))”可知，第二種問題是希望被測者撒謊回答的問題，所以管理者讓被測者寫一個數(shù)字然后問問題是希望得到期望的反應(yīng)，即尋求被測者撒謊的反應(yīng)，solicit意為“尋求”，故選A?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“However,it’spossibleforpeopletoreactinanexcitedwaywhenansweringquestionstruthfully.Ifthecontrolquestionsdon’taccuratelyshowtheperson’sreaction.itisharderfortheadministratortodecidewhetherthepersonislyingwhenansweringrelevantquestions.So,whilethepolygraphmightbeeffectiveatmeasuringphysiologicalfactorsassociatedwithbeingnervous,thatdoesn’tnecessarilymeanitcanalwaysdistinguishapersonlyingfromapersontellingthetruth.(然而，當(dāng)人們?nèi)鐚嵒卮饐栴}時，他們的反應(yīng)可能會很興奮。如果對照問題不能準(zhǔn)確地顯示受試者的反應(yīng)，那么在回答相關(guān)問題時，管理員就很難判斷受試者是否在撒謊。因此，雖然測謊儀在測量與緊張相關(guān)的生理因素方面可能有效，但這并不一定意味著它總能區(qū)分一個人在說謊和一個人在說實話)”可知，神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的反應(yīng)因人而異是測謊儀不準(zhǔn)確的主要原因，故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Overall,it’simportanttoconsiderthechanceforerrorwhenexaminingtheresultsofpolygraphtests,butit’spossibletocatchapersonlying.(總的來說，在測試測謊儀的結(jié)果時，考慮到出錯的可能性是很重要的，但也有可能發(fā)現(xiàn)一個人在撒謊)”可知，在測試測謊儀的結(jié)果時，考慮到出錯的可能性是很重要的，由此推知測謊儀的結(jié)果需要進一步評估，故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Ifyouareanintroverted(內(nèi)向)personwhotendstofocustoomuchonyourselforstayquietinpublicplaces,don’tfeelannoyed.BestsellingauthorSusanCainsaysthatsupportingintrovertsduringchildhoodcanhelpshapethemintohighachievingadults.____16____Thetraditionalmodelofleadersisseenasoutgoing,talkativeandbrave—alltypicalfeaturesofextroverts.____17____Instead,itisbelievedthattrueleadersaredrivenbyadesiretoadvanceideasandnewwaysofseeingtheworldortoimproveconditionsforagroupofpeople.Moreover,“calmleaders”canresolveproblemsmoreeffectivelyandbetteridentifywhichrisksareworthtaking,thankstotheirabilitytodealwithinformationandmakedecisionsmorecarefully.Intheintroductiontoherbook,Cainsharesaquestionshewasaskedallthetimeasachild:“Whyareyousoquiet?”Itwasusuallyaskedoutofconcern,shenoted.Peopletookhersilenceasasignofuneasinessoranger.Infact,shewasjustlisteningandobservinghersurroundings.____18____Cainsaysintrovertsmakeforthebestlisteners.Askeenlisteners,introvertscanpickuponinformationthatsomeextrovertsmightoverlook.Unlikeextroverts,introvertsarenotknownforjumpingtoconclusions,andasaresult,theytendtoreceivemoreattentionandappreciationfromaudienceswhentheydospeak.____19____However,introvertstendtocontributetheirbestworkandideasontheirown.“Introvertshaveanimpressiveabilitytobeindependent,”Cainwrote.“Wefindstrengthinsolitude(孤獨)andareabletouseourpreciousalonetimetofocusandconcentrate.”____20____A.Listeningisoneofthenecessaryskillsinlife.B.Itstartswithrecognizingtheir“hiddenstrengths”.C.Extrovertsareknowntoperformwellingroupsettings.D.Insomeway,observingismoreimportantthanlistening.E.However,leadersneedsuchkindsofabilitiestomakedecisions.F.Butleadershipdoesn’tneedtobequitesocialorattentionseeking.G.Thisiswhypushingintrovertedkidstodogroupprojectsendsupbackfiring.【答案】16.B17.F18.A19.C20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文，主要討論了內(nèi)向者(或稱為“內(nèi)向性格的人”)的優(yōu)勢和成長潛力?！?6題詳解】上文“BestsellingauthorSusanCainsaysthatsupportingintrovertsduringchildhoodcanhelpshapethemintohighachievingadults.(暢銷書作家蘇珊·凱恩說，在童年時期支持內(nèi)向的人可以幫助他們成長為成就卓越的成年人)”提出在童年時期支持內(nèi)向的人可以幫助他們成長，B項“Itstartswithrecognizingtheir“hiddenstrengths”.(首先要認識到他們“隱藏的優(yōu)勢”)”承接上文，介紹如何支持他們：認識到他們“隱藏的優(yōu)勢”。第二段“Thetraditionalmodelofleadersisseenasoutgoing,talkativeandbrave—alltypicalfeaturesofextroverts.2Instead,itisbelievedthattrueleadersaredrivenbyadesiretoadvanceideasandnewwaysofseeingtheworldortoimproveconditionsforagroupofpeople.Moreover,“calmleaders”canresolveproblemsmoreeffectivelyandbetteridentifywhichrisksareworthtaking,thankstotheirabilitytodealwithinformationandmakedecisionsmorecarefully.(傳統(tǒng)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)模式被認為是外向、健談和勇敢的——這些都是外向者的典型特征。2。相反，人們相信，真正的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者是被一種欲望所驅(qū)動的，這種欲望推動著他們提出想法，以新的方式看待世界，或者改善一群人的狀況。此外，“冷靜的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者”可以更有效地解決問題，更好地識別哪些風(fēng)險值得承擔(dān)，這要感謝他們處理信息和更仔細地做出決策的能力)”對B項中“隱藏的優(yōu)勢”進行了詳細說明，上下文語意連貫。故選B項?！?7題詳解】上文“Thetraditionalmodelofleadersisseenasoutgoing,talkativeandbrave—alltypicalfeaturesofextroverts.(傳統(tǒng)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)模式被認為是外向、健談和勇敢的——這些都是外向者的典型特征)”介紹對領(lǐng)導(dǎo)模式的傳統(tǒng)認知，下文“Instead,itisbelievedthattrueleadersaredrivenbyadesiretoadvanceideasandnewwaysofseeingtheworldortoimproveconditionsforagroupofpeople.Moreover,“calmleaders”canresolveproblemsmoreeffectivelyandbetteridentifywhichrisksareworthtaking,thankstotheirabilitytodealwithinformationandmakedecisionsmorecarefully.(相反，人們相信，真正的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者是被一種欲望所驅(qū)動的，這種欲望推動著他們提出想法，以新的方式看待世界，或者改善一群人的狀況。此外，“冷靜的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者”可以更有效地解決問題，更好地識別哪些風(fēng)險值得承擔(dān)，這要感謝他們處理信息和更仔細地做出決策的能力)”提出另一種看法，“冷靜的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者”才是真正的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，上下文有轉(zhuǎn)換關(guān)系。F項“Butleadershipdoesn’tneedtobequitesocialorattentionseeking.(但領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力并不需要非常社交化或引人注目)”承上啟下，引出下文。故選F項?！?8題詳解】上文“Infact,shewasjustlisteningandobservinghersurroundings.(事實上，她只是在傾聽和觀察她周圍的環(huán)境)”中凱恩解釋自己只是在傾聽，A項“Listeningisoneofthenecessaryskillsinlife.(傾聽是生活中必要的技能之一)”承接上文，說明傾聽的重要性，上下文語意一致。故選A項。【19題詳解】根據(jù)下文“However,introvertstendtocontributetheirbestworkandideasontheirown.(然而，內(nèi)向的人傾向于自己貢獻他們最好的工作和想法)”可知，上下文有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。下文講內(nèi)向的人的優(yōu)勢，與C項“Extrovertsareknowntoperformwellingroupsettings.(眾所周知，外向的人在群體環(huán)境中表現(xiàn)良好)”講外向的人的長處，上下文形成對比轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選C項。【20題詳解】上文““Introvertshaveanimpressiveabilitytobeindependent,”Cainwrote.“Wefindstrengthinsolitude(孤獨)andareabletouseourpreciousalonetimetofocusandconcentrate.”(“內(nèi)向的人有令人印象深刻的獨立能力，”凱恩寫道?！拔覀冊诠陋氈姓业搅α?，能夠利用寶貴的獨處時間來集中注意力?！?”中凱恩介紹了內(nèi)向的人的特質(zhì)：具有獨立能力，能夠利用寶貴的獨處時間來集中注意力。G項“Thisiswhypushingintrovertedkidstodogroupprojectsendsupbackfiring.(這就是為什么強迫內(nèi)向的孩子做小組項目最終會適得其反)”承接上文，說明因為這一特質(zhì)，就不能強迫內(nèi)向的孩子做小組項目，上下文語意一致。故選G項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。DelphineExperthandedherfiveyearolddaughter,Zoey,herphonesoshecouldrecord“treasures”shefoundonawalk.Shenever____21____“tobeoneofthetreasures.”AsDelphine____22____withNewsweek,Zoeyhasautism(自閉癥)andwasnonverbaluntilrecently.Thelittlegirlbegan____23____violinlessonslastyear,andthatledhertosayafew“____24____words”like“mom.”Almostayearlater,Zoeyhadanother____25____andisnow“abletomunicatealittlebit.”Forthatreason,avideoZoeyrecently____26____wasespeciallyendearingtoDelphine.Thesentimentalmother____27____itonTikTok,anditquicklywentviral,gettinghundredsoflikes.ItshowsZoey’s____28____asshefocusesonmonthingslikethegrass,thesky,theclouds,hercar,andherhouse.Butthemotherdidn’tthinkshe’dbeoneofthe____29____Zoeywouldfindonherway.Attheend,Zoey______30______thecameraathermomandhappilyshareshowmuchshelovesher.“Andthere’smybeautifulmom.She’sthebestmom.Ilovehersomuch,andshe’sthebestmominthewholeworld,”shesaysexcitedly.TheMothernearly______31______thesweetvideobutfortunatelywatcheditallthewaythrough.Theproudmothersaidshenearlymissedthevideobutfortunatelywatcheditfirstandwas______32______bythe“beautifulend.”Delphineexplainedthatherdaughter’ssweetwordstookyearsof______33______,andshecouldn’tbehappiertohearthem.Delphine______34______Zoey“24/7”becauseofherspecialneeds.Shealsohomeschoolsherwiththehelpofanonlineprogramthatspecializesinautism.“Shesoundssooverwhelmedwithherlovefo