高二英語(yǔ)試卷考生注意：1.本試卷分共150分。考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.請(qǐng)將各題答案填寫在答題卡上。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthetimenow?A.8:00.B.8:10.C.8:20.2.Whatisthewomanplainingabout?A.Thelongwait.B.Amistakeinherbill.C.Thebrokenputersystem.3.HowdoesJimprobablyfeelnow?A.Surprised.B.Curious.C.Disappointed.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inazoo.B.Inabookstore.C.Inalibrary.5.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shehasdecidedtogotobusinessschool.B.Shewasaskedtogiveupscience.C.Shewillnotbeasuccessfulmanager.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthewomansayabouthergrandfather?A.Heworksinapanynow.B.Hehaswhitehair.C.Hewearsglasses.7.Howoldisthewoman'sgrandmother?A.60.B.65.C.70.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatcausedtheaccident?A.Ablackcar.B.Ablackdog.C.Awhitecar.9.Whendidtheaccidenthappen?A.Atabout8:30.B.Atabout9:00.C.Atabout8:40.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Howlongdidthemanstayinthezoo?A.Threehours.B.Sixhours.C.Fivehours.11.Whatimpressedthemanmostatthezoo?A.Thedolphins.B.Thepandas.C.Thetigers.12.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Makeaphonecall.B.Gethermobilephone.C.Seesomepictures.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthewoman?A.Anexpert.B.Aheadmaster.C.Adoctor.14.Whatshouldthemaneat?A.Processedfood.B.Fruitsandvegetables.C.Pork.15.Whereshouldthemaneat?A.Atthedininghall.B.Attheuniversityhospital.C.Attherestaurant.16.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeelaftertalkingwiththewoman?A.Relaxed.B.Worried.C.Confused.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeechmainlyabout?A.Thebenefitsofdoingsports.B.Sportsindifferentplaces.C.Thewaytodosportswell.18.WhydopeopleinAustrialikeskiing?A.Itisgoodforpeople'shealth.B.Therearebigmountainsandcoldwinters.C.Ithelpspeoplethereenjoybeautifulscenery.19.Whichcountry'speoplelikekiteflying?A.Switzerland.B.Australia.C.Thailand.20.WhichsportdotheSwisspeoplelovetodo?A.Skiing.B.Surfing.C.Mountainclimbing.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWanttobuysomegiftsforchildren?Seethefollowingones.WonderCrewdollsWonderCrewcreatesdollsforboys.Thedollsareaimedatencouragingboystoexpresskindnessandothercharacteristicsnotencouragedintheirothertoys.“Iwantedtoaddressthedevelopmentalneedsofthewholechild.”WidertoldUSATODAY.“Toyshavethepowertoteach.”Salefor$29.99onAmazon.BarbiedollsthatuseawheelchairMattelcreateddollswithdisabilitiestoinspiregirlstotellmorestories.BarbieexpandeditsFashionlinetoshowcasedollsinawheelchairandaremovableprostheticleg(假肢).“Wecanhavetheconversationaroundphysicaldisabilitiesbyincludingthemintoourfashiondolllinetofurthershowaspecialviewofbeautyandfashion”Mattelsaid.Salefor$19.99.Dollsinspiredbychildrenwithautism(自閉癥)LottieDollsoffersadollinspiredbyaboywithautism.Thedollkitincludesanastronaut’ssuitandapaniondognamedCookie.LottieDolls,anIrishpany,offersahostofdollsthathighlightdiversity.Salesfor$30onAmazon.PlasticArmyWomenA6yearoldgirlwantedtoplaywithfemaleplasticsoldiers.ShegotherwishwhenPennsylvaniapanyBMCToysagreedtomakePlasticArmyWomen.Whenpleted,apackof24figurines(小塑像)willincludesixdifferentposesandshouldbeavailableonthepanywebsiteandonAmazon.Itisavailableforpreorderatdifferentpricepoints.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutMattel'sBarbiedolls?A.Theyareinoldstyle.B.Theycanmovequicklybythemselves.C.Theyhavenolegsatall.D.Theyrepresentspecialviewsonbeauty.2.HowisPlasticArmyWomendifferentfromtheotherthreegifts?A.Itcanbeorderedinadvance. B.Itcan'tbeboughtonAmazon.C.Itisfitforyoungkids. D.Itisthemostpopular.3.Whichofthefollowingmayattractchildrenwithautism?A.DollsofferedbyLottieDolls. B.WonderCrewdolls.C.PlasticArmyWomen. D.Barbiedollsthatuseawheelchair.【答案】1.D2.A3.A【解析】【分析】本文是應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四種可送給小孩的玩具，它們各具特色?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Barbiedollsthatuseawheelchair部分最后一句“Wecanhavetheconversationaroundphysicaldisabilitiesbyincludingthemintoourfashiondolllinetofurthershowaspecialviewofbeautyandfashion”（我們可以通過將他們納入我們的時(shí)尚娃娃系列來討論身體殘疾，進(jìn)一步展示一種獨(dú)特的美麗和時(shí)尚的觀點(diǎn)）可知，美泰芭比娃娃代表了關(guān)于美麗的獨(dú)特觀點(diǎn)。故選D。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PlasticArmyWomen部分最后一句“Itisavailableforpreorderatdifferentpricepoints.”（它可以在不同的價(jià)格點(diǎn)預(yù)訂。）可知，塑料女兵和氣他三個(gè)禮物不一樣的地方在于它可以預(yù)定。故選A。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)Dollsinspiredbychildrenwithautism部分第一句“LottieDollsoffersadollinspiredbyaboywithautism.”（洛蒂娃娃公司提供了一個(gè)受自閉癥男孩啟發(fā)的娃娃。）可推知，洛蒂娃娃公司提供的娃娃可能會(huì)吸引有自閉癥的孩子。故選A。BJosephLister,bornin1827inEngland,wasbestknownasapopularBritishsurgeonandapioneerofantiseptic（抗菌的）surgery.Asachild,ListerattendedaQuakerschool,wherehebecameveryfluentinFrenchandGerman.Thesetwolanguagesweretheleadinglanguagesinmedicalresearch.HelaterenteredUniversityCollegeLondon.Atfirst,hestudiedbotany（植物學(xué)）.Afterthis,hebecamearegisteredmedicalstudentandmanagedtograduatewithhonors.At26,heenteredtheRoyalCollegeofSurgeons.ListerbecameanassistantofJamesSyme,asurgeonatauniversityinScotland,In1867,heinventedtheuseofcarbolicacidasantiseptic.Thisbecamethefirstwidelyusedantisepticinsurgery.BeforeLister’sresearch,manypeoplebelievedchemicaldamagefromexposurestobadairwasthereasonbehindtheinfectionsinwounds.Duringthistime,hospitalswereattimeslettingairoutduringmiddayinordertopreventthespreadoninfections.However,hospitalsalsopracticedsurgeryundersomeunsanitaryconditionsparedwithpresentmedicalconditions,whichexposedpatientstogreatrisks.WhileatUniversityofGlasgow,ListerheardaboutLouisPasteur’stheory.LouisPasteursuggested3methodstofightthemicroorganism,filtration（過濾）,exposuretochemicalsolutionsandexposuretoheat.ListerconfirmedPasteur’stheorywithhisownexperiments.Hedecidedtousethesefindingstocreatesomeantiseptictechniquesforwounds,whichledtothereductioninpostoperativeinfections,makingsurgerysafeforpatients.HepublishedhisfindingsinTheLancet.In1881,ListermovedtoLondonwherehewasappointedpresidentofClinicalSocietyofLondonanddiedin1892.4.WheredidListerlearnthelanguagesnecessaryforhismedicalcareer?A.AtaQuakerschool.B.AtUniversityofGlasgow.CInUniversityCollegeLondon.D.IntheRoyalCollegeofSurgeons.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unsanitary”inparagraph3mean?A.Safe. B.fortable. C.Unlucky. D.Unhealthy.6.HowdidListerknowPasteur’stheorywasreliable?AByconsultingsomeexperts.B.Bycheckingsomerecords.C.Bydoingexperimentshimself.D.ByobservingPasteur’sexperiments.7.WhatwasLister’scontribution?A.Improvingpeople’seyesight.B.Reducinginfectionsafteroperations.C.Makingpeoplefeelmoreconfident.D.Loweringthecostsofmakingoperations.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.B【解析】【分析】本文是記敘文,主要介紹了JosephLister的生平以及他在醫(yī)學(xué)方面的貢獻(xiàn)。【詳解】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Asachild,ListerattendedaQuakerschool,wherehebecameveryfluentinFrenchandGerman.Thesetwolanguagesweretheleadinglanguagesinmedicalresearch.”（李斯特小時(shí)候就讀于Quaker學(xué)校，在那里他的法語(yǔ)和德語(yǔ)非常流利。這兩種語(yǔ)言是醫(yī)學(xué)研究的主要語(yǔ)言）可知，李斯特在Quakerschool學(xué)習(xí)他的醫(yī)學(xué)生涯所必需的語(yǔ)言。故選A。2.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“whichexposedpatientstogreatrisks”（使病人處于巨大風(fēng)險(xiǎn)中）可知，然而，與目前的醫(yī)療條件相比，醫(yī)院也在一些不衛(wèi)生的條件下進(jìn)行手術(shù)。所以u(píng)nsanitary和unhealthy詞義相同。故選D。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第三句“ListerconfirmedPasteur’stheorywithhisownexperiments.”（李斯特用自己的實(shí)驗(yàn)證實(shí)了巴斯德的理論。）可知，Lister用他自己的實(shí)驗(yàn)證實(shí)Pasteur的理論是可靠的。故選C。4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段倒數(shù)第二句“Hedecidedtousethesefindingstocreatesomeantiseptictechniquesforwounds,whichledtothereductioninpostoperativeinfections,makingsurgerysafeforpatients.”（他決定利用這些發(fā)現(xiàn)為傷口創(chuàng)造一些防腐技術(shù)，從而減少術(shù)后感染，使手術(shù)對(duì)患者來說更加安全。）可知,李斯特的貢獻(xiàn)是減少了術(shù)后感染。故選B。CSmartcarts(購(gòu)物車)areshoppingcartsequippedwithtabletputersandsimilardevicesthathelpshoppersmanageshoppinglists,payforitems,andfindproductsinthestore.Manufacturersofsmartcarttechnologyproduceaccessoryfittings(配件),andstorescanusethemtoremakeexistingcarts.It’salsopossibletopurchasenewshoppingcartswiththesmarttechnologyinstalled.Theleveloffunctionavailablewithasmartcartcanvary.Somecanbebinedwithcellphonesorsoftwareprogramstoallowshopperstocreateshoppinglistsanduploadthemtoacart.Internetenabledsmartcartsmayprovidesuggestionsortipsforshoppers.Somecanmunicatewiththesystemstoguidethemselvesaroundthestore.Shopperscanaskthecartwheretofinditems,orhaveitorganizeagrocerylisttomakeshoppingeasier.Asashoppermovesalongthesnacksellingareas,forinstance,thesmartcartcouldflashareminderthatthecustomeroftenlikestobuyaparticularbrandofpotatochips.Instoremunicationtoallowcustomerstoorderitemsfromdifferentcountersmayalsobeavailable.Onthecontrary,adepartmentcanpageacustomerwiththeuseofsmartcarts,Thecounterscansendamessagewhentheorderisready,whichreducestimespentinline.Smartcarttechnologycanalsoenablethepricechecksandallowscustomerstopayforitemsthroughthecart,withouthavingtogothroughacheckoutline.Astheyadditemstothecart,itupdatesthetotal,andtheshoppercancloseoutthevisitattheendbytellingthecarttoautomaticallypayfromastoredbankaccountorcreditcard.Thisapplicationforsmartcartscanbeimportantinbusystoreswherecustomersgetimpatientwaitinginlinetopay.8.Whydoestheauthorthinktheintroducedcartisasmartcart?A.Itismadetoencourageshopping.B.Itisequippedwithtechnologytomanageshoppinglists.C.Itisequippedwithtranslationfunction.D.Itisdesignedtotaketheplaceofclerks.9.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthesmartcartfromthetext?A.Itissmarterthanhumans.B.Itishelpfulbutratherexpensive.C.Itonlyhasafewsimpleskills.D.Itcanhelpsavemuchtime.10.Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanwereadthetext?ATechnology. B.Fashion.C.Food. D.Advertisement.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ThedesignofsmartcartsB.TheinfluencesofsmartcartsC.TheintroductiontosmartcartsD.Themarketdemandsforsmartcarts【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了智能購(gòu)物車的各種功能?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“Smartcarts(購(gòu)物車)areshoppingcartsequippedwithtabletputersandsimilardevicesthathelpshoppersmanageshoppinglists,payforitems,andfindproductsinthestore.(智能購(gòu)物車是裝備有平板電腦和類似設(shè)備的購(gòu)物車，幫助購(gòu)物者管理購(gòu)物清單，支付商品，并在商店中找到產(chǎn)品)”可知，智能購(gòu)物車是裝備有平板電腦和類似設(shè)備的購(gòu)物，它配備了管理購(gòu)物清單的技術(shù)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段最后一句“Thecounterscansendamessagewhentheorderisready,whichreducestimespentinline.(計(jì)數(shù)器可以在訂單準(zhǔn)備好時(shí)發(fā)送消息，從而減少了排隊(duì)時(shí)間)”最后一段“Thisapplicationforsmartcartscanbeimportantinbusystoreswherecustomersgetimpatientwaitinginlinetopay.(這個(gè)應(yīng)用程序的智能推車可以在繁忙的商店中的重要客戶得到不耐煩的排隊(duì)等待付款)”可知，智能購(gòu)物車有助于顧客減少排隊(duì)付款的時(shí)間。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第二段“Theleveloffunctionavailablewithasmartcartcanvary.Somecanbebinedwithcellphonesorsoftwareprogramstoallowshopperstocreateshoppinglistsanduploadthemtoacart.Internetenabledsmartcartsmayprovidesuggestionsortipsforshoppers.Somecanmunicatewiththesystemstoguidethemselvesaroundthestore.(智能購(gòu)物車的功能級(jí)別可能會(huì)有所不同。有些可以與手機(jī)或軟件程序相結(jié)合，讓購(gòu)物者創(chuàng)建購(gòu)物清單，并上傳到購(gòu)物車。網(wǎng)絡(luò)智能購(gòu)物車可以為購(gòu)物者提供建議或提示。有些人可以和系統(tǒng)通信，在商店里引導(dǎo)他們自己)”可知，智能購(gòu)物車充滿技術(shù)含量，結(jié)合瀏覽全文可知，這篇文章應(yīng)該來自報(bào)紙的科學(xué)技術(shù)方面的版面。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。第一段“Smartcarts(購(gòu)物車)areshoppingcartsequippedwithtabletputersandsimilardevicesthathelpshoppersmanageshoppinglists,payforitems,andfindproductsinthestore.Manufacturersofsmartcarttechnologyproduceaccessoryfittings(配件),andstorescanusethemtoremakeexistingcarts.(智能購(gòu)物車是裝備有平板電腦和類似設(shè)備的購(gòu)物車，幫助購(gòu)物者管理購(gòu)物清單，支付商品，并在商店中找到產(chǎn)品。智能手推車技術(shù)的制造商生產(chǎn)配件，商店可以用它們改造現(xiàn)有的手推車)”說明智能購(gòu)物車的定義與生產(chǎn)，結(jié)合第二段至第五段介紹智能購(gòu)物車的功能、優(yōu)點(diǎn)和應(yīng)用特點(diǎn)，說明本文主要是對(duì)智能購(gòu)物車的介紹。Theintroductiontosmartcarts適合做本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。DThefirststepinwritinganypoemisingupwithsomethingtowriteabout.Don’tfeelthatyouhavetochoosedeeporattractivematerial.Anythingcanbethesubjectforapoem.Greatpoemshavebeenwrittenaboutsuchtopicsasagasstationorpiecesofbrokenglassonthebeach.It’seasiesttowriteagoodpoemaboutsomethingyouknowwell,thatyouhaveexperiencedfirsthand,orthatyouhavenearbysothatyoucanobserveitcarefully.Thisisbecausewhatmakesthepoemdeepandinterestingwillbethehiddendetailsorqualitiesyoudiscover,orthesubjectthatremindsyouoftheuniqueview.InhisbookPoetryintheMaking,thepoetTedHughestalksabouthowtowriteapoemaboutananimal.Thekey,hesays,istoconcentratehardenoughontheanimal,tochoosethewordsthatbestcatchtheanimalyouhaveinyourmind.Youcanusethisapproachwithanysubjectmatter.Inthebeginning,youdon’thavetoworryaboutthe“style”orwritingina“poetic”thatmeansbeingfilledwithrhythmandbeauty.Infact,ifyoustarttothinkabout“beingpoetic”,itcanpuzzleyoufromwhatyou’reactuallywritingaboutandhurtyourpoem.Haveyouevertriedtohaveaconversationwithsomeonewhowastryingtoimpressyou?Thenyouknowhowboringthiscanbe.Thepersonisreallythinkingabouthimselforherself,notabouttheconversation.Similarly,ifyouareworryingaboutwhatimpressionyourpoemwillmake,thenthattakesyourattentionawayfromthesubjectofyourpoem.Inaword,ifthepoemisaboutyouoryourlife,trytotaketheangleofacarefulreporterwhenyouwriteitdown.Youshouldfocusonaccuratelymunicatinganaspectofyourexperience,insteadoffocusingonwhatimpressionyouaremakingwhenyoudoit.12.Whatwillbeaneasysubjectforwritingagoodpoem?A.Somethingbeautiful.B.Somethinginteresting.C.Somethinghappenedtoyouornearyou.D.Somethingothershaveexperiencedbefore.13.WhatcanweinferaboutTedHughes’opiniononwritingapoem?A.Itisnecessarytoselectthewords.B.Itisimportanttochooseagoodtopic.C.Itisnecessarytofocusonthestyleofpoems.D.Itisdifficulttowriteapoemaboutanimals.14.Whydoestheauthorgivetheexampleinparagraph4?A.Toraiseaquestionforreaders.B.Todrawthereaders’attention.C.Toanswerthequestionmentionedabove.D.Tomakeafurtherexplanation.15.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theimpressionofagoodpoem.B.Theinfluenceoncreatingapoem.C.Theimportanceofselectingmaterial.D.Theconclusiononmethodsofwritingpoems.【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.D【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。本文介紹了如何寫詩(shī)?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“It’seasiesttowriteagoodpoemaboutsomethingyouknowwell,thatyouhaveexperiencedfirsthand,orthatyouhavenearbysothatyoucanobserveitcarefully.”（寫一首好詩(shī)最簡(jiǎn)單的方法就是描述你熟悉的事物，你親身經(jīng)歷過的事物，或者你在附近能仔細(xì)觀察到的事物。）可知，寫一首好詩(shī)，可寫你熟悉的東西，你親身經(jīng)歷過的東西,，或者你身邊的事情。故選C。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句和第三句“Thekey,hesays,istoconcentratehardenoughontheanimal,tochoosethewordsthatbestcatchtheanimalyouhaveinyourmind.Youcanusethisapproachwithanysubjectmatter.”（他說，關(guān)鍵是要足夠努力地集中注意力在動(dòng)物身上，選擇最能抓住你腦海中動(dòng)物的詞語(yǔ)。您可以將此方法用于任何主題。）可知，TedHughes的看法是，關(guān)鍵是要足夠努力地集中注意力在動(dòng)物身上，捕捉到你腦海中最能描述該動(dòng)物的詞語(yǔ)。由此可推斷出，選擇詞匯是必要的。故選A。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Similarly,ifyouareworryingaboutwhatimpressionyourpoemwillmake,thenthattakesyourattentionawayfromthesubjectofyourpoem.”（同樣地，如果你擔(dān)心你的詩(shī)會(huì)給人留下什么樣的印象，那就會(huì)把你的注意力從你的詩(shī)的主題上轉(zhuǎn)移開。）可知，該例子是對(duì)上面提到的內(nèi)容的進(jìn)一步解釋說明,以類比的形式讓讀者的思路更加清晰。故選D。4.主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容“Inaword,ifthepoemisaboutyouoryourlife,trytotaketheangleofacarefulreporterwhenyouwriteitdown.Youshouldfocusonaccuratelymunicatinganaspectofyourexperience,insteadoffocusingonwhatimpressionyouaremakingwhenyoudoit.”（總之，如果這首詩(shī)是關(guān)于你或者你的生活的，在你寫它的時(shí)候，試著從一個(gè)細(xì)心的記者的角度去寫。你應(yīng)該把重點(diǎn)放在準(zhǔn)確地傳達(dá)你的經(jīng)歷的某個(gè)方面，而不是你這樣做時(shí)會(huì)給別人留下什么印象。）所以短文最后一段主要是關(guān)于對(duì)詩(shī)歌創(chuàng)作方法的總結(jié)。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Musicisauniversallanguage,whichtouchestheverydepthsofoursoul.___16___Notonlycantheyhavetheopportunitytomunicateuniversally,butalsotheopportunitytoimprovetheirbrainhealth.Yourbrainwillthankyouformusictrainingandmusicmakingforthefollowingreasons.Musictrainingimprovescognition（認(rèn)知）．Studieshaveshownthatmusictrainingimprovescognitiveabilitiesacrossourlifespan.Playinganinstrumentrequiresmanydifferentareasofthebraintocooperate,soitstrengthensthebraininavarietyofways.Thisallowsforanincreaseinsignalefficiency—howquicklyneurons（神經(jīng)元）municatewitheachotheracrossthebrain.___17___Musictrainingmaypromotehealthyagingofthebrain.Studiesshowthatmusicianshaveanadvantageinmaintainingtheircognitiveabilitiesduringtheagingprocess.Thisincludestasksthatinvolveexecutivefunctioningandshorttermmemory,___18___Forexample,theyareabletohearmoreclearlyinthepresenceofbackgroundnoise.___19___Arecentstudyhasshownthatgroupmusicalactivitiesarepotentialwaystomaintainphysicalandpsychologicalhealth.Forexample,aloweredriskofdementia（癡呆）hasbeenassociatedwithplayingmusicalinstruments,Otherstudieshaveshownthatplayingkeyboardinstrumentsanddrumscouldbehelpfulinstroke（中風(fēng)）patients.___20___Althoughthosewhobeginmusictrainingatayoungageseemtodisplaythegreatestbenefits,researchshowsitisnevertoolatetolearntoplayaninstrument.Moreresearchisneededtomorefullyunderstandtheeffectofmusicmakingonthebrainthroughoutlife；thisissomethingtheNationalInstitutesofHealthhasrecognized.A.Musictrainingisatiringactivity.B.Musiciansareatauniqueadvantage.C.Musictrainingisbeneficialforoverallhealth.D.Oldermusicianshaveotheradvantagesaswell.E.Inshort,makingmusicistrulyawholebrainworkout.F.Andtherearebenefitsfrombothlongtermandshorttermtraining.G.Itmaybewhymusiciansperformbetterincognitivetasksthannonmusicians.【答案】16.B17.G18.D19.C20.E【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。文章介紹了音樂對(duì)身心健康的益處?！驹斀狻?.根據(jù)后文“Notonlycantheyhavetheopportunitytomunicateuniversally,butalsotheopportunitytoimprovetheirbrainhealth.”（他們不僅有機(jī)會(huì)與世界各地的人交流，而且有機(jī)會(huì)改善他們的大腦健康。）可知，此處在說音樂家的優(yōu)勢(shì)。所以選項(xiàng)B（音樂家有獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢(shì)）切合文意。故選B。2.前文“Thisallowsforanincreaseinsignalefficiency—howquicklyneurons（神經(jīng)元）municatewitheachotheracrossthebrain.”（這就提高了信號(hào)效率——神經(jīng)元在大腦中相互交流的速度）解釋了音樂家比別人在感知方面表現(xiàn)更好的原因，所以選項(xiàng)G（這可能就是為什么音樂家在認(rèn)知任務(wù)中比非音樂家表現(xiàn)得更好）切合文意。故選G。3.后文“Forexample,theyareabletohearmoreclearlyinthepresenceofbackgroundnoise.”（例如，他們?cè)谟斜尘霸胍舻那闆r下聽得更清楚）對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)D中的“otheradvantages”，they指代的就是選項(xiàng)中的Oldermusicians，所以選項(xiàng)D（年長(zhǎng)的音樂家還有其他優(yōu)勢(shì)）切合文意。故選D。4.根據(jù)后文“Arecentstudyhasshownthatgroupmusicalactivitiesarepotentialwaystomaintainphysicalandpsychologicalhealth.”（最近的一項(xiàng)研究表明，集體音樂活動(dòng)是保持身體和心理健康的潛在方法）可知，此處在說音樂訓(xùn)練對(duì)身體和心理都有好處，所以選項(xiàng)C（音樂訓(xùn)練對(duì)整體健康有益）切合文意。故選C。5.根據(jù)后文“Moreresearchisneededtomorefullyunderstandtheeffectofmusicmakingonthebrainthroughoutlife”（需要更多的研究來更全面地了解一生中音樂創(chuàng)作對(duì)大腦的影響）可知，本段是講音樂對(duì)大腦訓(xùn)練的作用。所以選項(xiàng)E（簡(jiǎn)而言之，做音樂確實(shí)是一種全腦鍛煉）切合文意。故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Iusedtowalkaroundthestorewithmyparents,constantlybeggingforsomething.Istillrememberthe___21___ofallthebrightbagsofchipsandcandiesthatIaskedmymomto___22___forme.Atthattime,Ihadnoreal___23___aboutthevalueofmoney.WhenIwasabouttwelveyearsold,mydadalways___24___mybeggingandtoldmewithanangryface“youcanwasteallthemoneyyou___25___whenyouhaveajob.”Ilistenedtohim,butInever___26___understoodthemessagehewastryingto___27___tome.Inhighschool,I___28___tofindaparttimejob.Oneday,ayoungmanhandedmeaflyer(傳單),whichsaidatthetop“Lookingforasummerjob?Bea___29___!”IstartedtothinkaboutthemoneyIcouldmake,soI____30____.Afewminutesaftermyapplicationwas____31____,IgotanemailfromAMSpools,informingmetohavea(n)____32____thenextday.AfterI____33____thetrainingprocess,Ifinallystartedthejob.Everyafternoon,Iworkedinthepool,keepingaclosewatchonthe____34____people.IwasproudIrescuedseveraldrowningchildren.AndIcouldearnmypocketmoneywithmyskill.However,themoremoneyImade,thelessIwantedto____35____.Insteadofwastingmymoneyonuselessthings,Istartedsavingup.Inowhave3,300dollarsinmybankaccount.21.A.dream B.photo C.symbol D.sight22.A.buy B.produce C.prepare D.present23.A.mand B.knowledge C.skill D.technology24.A.followed B.appreciated C.rejected D.accepted25.A.earn B.spot C.lose D.discover26.A.eventually B.naturally C.sadly D.really27.A.happen B.convey C.introduce D.admit28.A.decided B.agreed C.pretended D.failed29.A.lifeguard B.secretary C.nurse D.servant30.A.stopped B.quit C.stayed D.applied31.A.ignored B.delayed C.cancelled D.submitted32.A.instruction B.interview C.performance D.flight33.A.wentthrough B.tookover C.handedin D.cameacross34.A.swimming B.dancing C.skating D.riding35.A.eat B.save C.spend D.do【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.C25.A26.D27.B28.A29.A30.D31.D32.B33.A34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記述文。文章主要講述作者小時(shí)候總是向爸爸要東西，但是爸爸總是拒絕作者的要求，到后來作者自己做兼職打工賺錢，明白了金錢的價(jià)值和意義，也學(xué)會(huì)了節(jié)約?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我仍然記得我要媽媽買那些鮮艷的袋裝的馬鈴薯?xiàng)l和糖果的情景。A.dream夢(mèng)想；B.photo照片；C.symbol象征；D.sight情景。根據(jù)上文“Iusedtowalkaroundthestorewithmyparents,constantlybeggingforsomething.”可推知，作者總是讓父母給他買東西，因此推斷仍然記著纏著父母買東西的情景。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我仍然記得我要媽媽買那些鮮艷的袋裝馬鈴薯?xiàng)l和糖果的情景。A.buy買；B.produce生產(chǎn)；C.prepare準(zhǔn)備；D.present頒發(fā)，授予。結(jié)合下文和語(yǔ)境“allthebrightbagsofchipsandcandies”可知，作者是讓父母買這些東西。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那時(shí)候，我對(duì)金錢的價(jià)值沒有真正的了解。A.mand命令，控制；B.knowledge知識(shí)，了解；C.skill技能；D.technology技術(shù)。根據(jù)后文“Insteadofwastingmymoneyonuselessthings,Istartedsavingup.”可知，那時(shí)候作者并不真正了解金錢的價(jià)值。haveknowledgeaboutsomething固定搭配“了解”。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我大約十二歲時(shí)，我父親總是拒絕我的乞求，并生氣地對(duì)我說：“當(dāng)你工作時(shí)，你可以浪費(fèi)你掙來的所有錢?！盇.followed跟隨；B.appreciated欣賞，重視；C.rejected拒絕；D.accepted接受。根據(jù)下文“toldmewithanangryface”可知，父親很生氣，所以推知他拒絕作者買這買那的請(qǐng)求。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我大約十二歲時(shí)，我父親總是拒絕我的乞求，并生氣地對(duì)我說：“當(dāng)你工作了，你可以浪費(fèi)你掙來的所有錢?！盇.earn賺?。籅.spot發(fā)現(xiàn)，注意到；C.lose丟失；D.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)。結(jié)合下文“whenyouhaveajob.”可知，父親說的是作者自己工作時(shí)賺的錢。earnmoney“賺錢”。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我聽了他的話，但我從沒有真正地理解他試圖傳達(dá)給我的信息。A.eventually最終地；B.naturally自然地；C.sadly難過地；D.really真正地。根據(jù)下文“Insteadofwastingmymoneyonuselessthings,Istartedsavingup.”推知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)沒有真正地理解父親的話。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我聽了他的話，但我從沒有真正地理解他試圖表達(dá)給我的信息。A.happen發(fā)生；B.convey表達(dá)；C.introduce介紹；D.admit承認(rèn)。后半句“hewastryingto__7___tome.”是限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是message，省略了關(guān)系代詞在從句中做賓語(yǔ)。結(jié)合前文“butInever___6___understoodthemessage”可知，是父親試著要表達(dá)給作者的信息，conveythemessage“表達(dá)消息”。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：高中的時(shí)候，我決定找份兼職。A.decided決定；B.agreed同意；C.pretended假裝；D.failed失敗。根據(jù)下文“Afewminutesaftermyapplicationwas11,IgotanemailfromAMSpools.”可推知，作者決定做份兼職工作。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，一個(gè)年輕人遞給我一張傳單，上面寫著：“正在尋找暑期工作？成為一名救生員吧！”A.lifeguard救生員；B.secretary秘書；C.nurse護(hù)士；D.servant服務(wù)員。根據(jù)下文“IwasproudIrescuedseveraldrowningchildren.”可知，作者很自豪自己救了幾個(gè)溺水的孩子，所以作者申請(qǐng)成為一名救生員。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始思考我可以掙到點(diǎn)錢，因此我申請(qǐng)了這個(gè)工作。A.stopped停止；B.quit離開，放棄；C.stayed停留；D.applied申請(qǐng)。根據(jù)下句“Afewminutesaftermyapplicationwas11,”可推知，作者申請(qǐng)了這個(gè)工作。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的申請(qǐng)?zhí)峤贿^了幾分鐘后，我收到了AMS泳池的一封電子郵件，通知我第二天要面試。A.ignored忽視；B.delayed延遲C.cancelled取消；D.submitted提交。根據(jù)后文“IgotanemailfromAMSpools,informingmetohavea(n)12thenextday”可知，申請(qǐng)被提交后，作者得到了一封郵件，故選D。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的申請(qǐng)?zhí)峤贿^了幾分鐘后，我收到了AMS泳池的一封電子郵件，通知我第二天要面試。A.instruction說明；B.interview面試；C.performance表演；D.flight飛行。根據(jù)上文“IgotanemailfromAMSpools,”可知，作者申請(qǐng)了這份工作，收到一封郵件，通知他進(jìn)行面試。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：在我經(jīng)過了訓(xùn)練這個(gè)程序后，我終于開始了工作了。A.wentthrough經(jīng)歷；B.tookover掌管；C.handedin上交；D.cameacross偶然遇見。根據(jù)下句“Ifinallystartedthejob.”可知，作者開始了工作，那么工作前需要經(jīng)歷培訓(xùn)。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞詞義辨析。句意：每天下午，我在游泳池里工作，密切注意游泳的人。A.swimming游泳；B.dancing跳舞；C.skating滑冰；D.riding騎。根據(jù)下文“IwasproudIrescuedseveraldrowningchildren.”可知，作者的工作是救生員，因此要密切注意那些游泳的人。故選A。【35題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我賺的越多，我想花費(fèi)的反而越少。A.eat吃；B.save節(jié)約，儲(chǔ)蓄；C.spend花費(fèi)；D.do做。根據(jù)下文“Insteadofwastingmymoneyonuselessthings,Istartedsavingup.”可知，作者雖然掙了錢，反而沒有把花費(fèi)在無用的東西上，而是把錢攢了起來。故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ThePalaceMuseumhasannouncedthatallentranceticketsarenowbeingsoldonline,amove___36___(save)visitorsfromqueuingtobuyticketsatthegate.October2ndwasthefirstdaythemuseum,alsoknownastheForbiddenCity,soldall___37___(it)80,000dailyticketsonline.Forvisitors___38___havenotboughtticketsinadvance,museumstaffwillassistthemtopurchaseticketsontheirmobiledevicesbyscanningaQRcode(二維碼).___39___(base)oncurrentsalesdata,between15,000to20,000ticketsperdayareavailabletobepurchasedonsite___40___(use)theQRcode.Thatamountisapproximatelywhatwas___41___(previous)soldthrough30ticketboothsintwohours.Ifvisitorsareunabletopurchasetheirticketsonline,forexampletheelderly,foreigntourists___42___thosewithoutepayment,staffatthemuseumcanbookticketsonlineontheirbehalf.AtrialoftheonlineticketingservicebeganonSeptember25th,2011.Lastyear,around77percentofthetickets___43___(book)online.Themuseumbegantolimitdailyvisitorsto80,000inJune2015,preventingexcessivenumbersoftouristsduringholidayperiods.Since2012,themuseum___44___(receive)atleast15millionvisitorseachyear,with____45____numberofvisitorshitting16millionlastyear.【答案】36.tosave37.its38.who/that39.Based40.using41.previously42.or/and43.werebooked44.hasreceived45.the【解析】【分析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道